中考英语总复习语法知识第3节代词课件

中考语法知识第三节代词广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)考点2020年2021年2022年2023年人称代词—※it

★him★it★it物主代词※her

★their—※her※his反身代词————指示代词————广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)考点2020年2021年2022年2023年命题趋向从近4年的考查情况来看，代词是每年必考的一个语法点，其中物主代词、人称代词和反身代词尤为突出。因此2024年考生备考时需注意人称代词、反身代词和指示代词等高频考点。

中考说明近4年英语中考对代词的考查主要集中在语法选择和短文填空两大题型上。知识点主要有人称代词、物主代词、反身代词以及不定代词，

其中人称代词和物主代词被考查的次数最多，

需要重点掌握。考点一：人称代词人称第一人称第二人称第三人称用法单复数单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey作主语宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem作宾语【针对练习】(

)1．LilywillarriveinChangchuntomorrow.Let’shaveapartyfor________.A．she B．herC．hers D．herselfB

(

)2．Themovietells________thatloveisthemostexpensivepresentintheworld.A．we B．usC．our D．ours(

)3．Goodbooksarelikewisefriends,because________supportyoutowalkforwardandhelpyouunderstandtheworld.A．they B．theirC．them D．themselvesB

A

(

)4．—Rose,couldyoupleasewatertheflowersinthegarden?—Why________?Yousee,mybrotherislisteningtomusic.A．me B．IC．mine D．myA

(

)5．—Arethesestampsyours,Dave?—Oh,no.Tomalsolikescollectingstamps.Theymightbelongto________.A．he B．himC．his D．himselfB

考点二：物主代词人称第一人称第二人称第三人称用法单复数单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourhisheritstheir只能作定语，

修饰后面的名词名词性mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，作主语或宾语等【针对练习】(

)1．—It’sraininghardoutside,butIcan’tfind________umbrella.CanIshare________?—Sure.A．mine;your B．my;yourC．my;yours D．mine;yoursC

(

)2．Jessicausedtobeamanagerinacompany,butshegaveup________jobwhenshebecameamother.A．she B．hersC．her D．herself(

)3．Lucy’sstrawberriesarefresherthan________.A．I B．meC．my D．mineC

D

4．(2023营口，73)ApartfromWuyiMountain’stea,theplaceisalsoknownfor______bambooweaving(编织)tradition.5．(2023吉林，32)Heeventestedherbsonhimselfandnearlylost______lifemanytimes.its

his

考点三：反身代词反身代词的分类及用法见下表：人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单复数单数复数单数复数单数复数反身代词myselfourse-lvesyour-selfyour-selveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves用法必须与被指代的人在人称和数上保持一致，

意思是“本人；亲自”作宾语Hersisteristooyoungtodressherself.作主语同位语Hehimselfisalwaysmakingsuchmistakes.作宾语同位语You’dbetteraskyourwifeherself.【针对练习】(

)1．Somepeoplehavethehabitoftalkingto________whentheyarealone.A．them B．theyC．their D．themselvesD

(

)2．Promisetokeepthesecretto________,orIwon’ttellyouaboutit.A．you B．yourC．yourself D．yours(

)3．Don’tbeworriedabouther.Sheisoldenoughtotakecareof________.A．herself B．herC．hers D．sheC

A

(

)4．Lastmonth,Iwenttothecomputermuseumwithmyparents.Weenjoyed________andlearnedalot.A．us B．ourselvesC．our D．ours(

)5．Nowadays,Icanchooseonlinecoursesandstudyby________.A．I B．meC．my D．myselfB

D

考点四：指示代词this,that,these,those的用法见下表：指示代词及用法例句this/these一般用来指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that/those一般用来指时间或空间上较远的人或物Thisisapenandthatisapencil.Thesearemybooksandthosearehis.指示代词及用法例句指示代词作主语时可指物也可指人，

但作其他句子成分时只能指物，

不能指人Thatismyteacher.Iboughtthisbook.this/these常指后面要讲到的事物，

有启下的作用；that/those有承上的作用，

指前面刚刚提过的事WhatIwanttotellyouisthis：themeetingisputofftillFriday.(启下)Wehavenotimetodoit.That’shisjob.(承上)指示代词及用法例句that和those可用来代替前面提过的名词，

避免重复，

尤其在比较状语从句中ThestudentsofClassOnearebetterthanthoseofClassTwo.除了用作代词外，this和that都可用作副词，

与形容词或副词连用，

意为“这么；

那么”，相当于soIsitthishoteveryday？【针对练习】(

)1．Theparkisnowbecomingmoreandmorepopularwith________whowanttoseemonkeys.A．those B．theseC．this D．thatA

(

)2．Thereweresomanypeopleinthehall.________mademequitenervous.A．These B．ThisC．Those D．That(

)3．—Look!What’s________inthesky?—Itlookslikeakite.A．this B．thatC．those D．theseB

B

考点五：不定代词不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。一、

普通不定代词(一)普通不定代词有some,any,none,few,little,many,much,either,neither,each,every,both,all,none,other等。用法区别如下：不定代词用法固定搭配/例句both表示“两者都”，对两者的肯定，作主语时，

谓语动词用复数①both…and…②bothof＋名词/代词的复数neither表示“两者都不”，对两者的否定，

连接两个主语时，

谓语动词与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致①neither…nor…②neitherof＋名词/代词的复数＋谓语动词(第三人称单数)不定代词用法固定搭配/例句either表示“两者之一”，是对两者之一的肯定，

连接两个主语时，

谓语动词与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致①either…or…②eitherof＋名词/代词的复数＋谓语动词(第三人称单数)不定代词用法固定搭配/例句all表示三者或三者以上“都”，可以与of连用，of后为名词时，of可以省略，

但是如果of后面为代词宾格时，of不可以省略All(of)thestudentsvisitedthemuseumlastSaturday.none表示三者或三者以上“都不”，none既可指人也可指物，

常暗示一定范围，

因此通常与表范围的of短语连用Noneofthatmoneyonthetableismine.Noneofusenjoy/enjoysgettingupearly.不定代词用法固定搭配/例句noone(＝nobody)只能指人，

不能与of短语连用Noone(＝Nobody)knowsaboutit.many修饰可数名词的复数many＝alarge/greatnumberofmuch修饰不可数名词much＝agreat/gooddealof不定代词用法固定搭配/例句afew，fewafew表示肯定，few表示否定，修饰可数名词的复数afew＝somebutnotmany;few＝nearlynoalittle＝somebutnotmuch;little＝nearlynothingonly,even,quite,just等词可与afew,alittle连用，

而不和few,little连用。alittle，littlealittle表示肯定，little表示否定，修饰不可数名词不定代词用法固定搭配/例句some修饰可数或不可数名词。多用于肯定句中；也可以用于表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表达请求、建议的疑问句中Motherboughtsomeapplesinthesupermarket.Wouldyoulikesomebananas?any多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句中，还可用来修饰可数名词的单数，

表示“任何一个”或“随便哪一个”Isthereanywaterintheglass?Tomistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.【针对练习】(

)1．(2023辽宁，2)Itriedtobuythedictionaryintwobookstores,but________ofthemhadit.A．both B．allC．neither D．noneC

(

)2．(2023徐州，7)________othernursesinthehospitalhaveworkedherelongerthanHelen;onlyLucyandMarystartedworkingherebeforeher.A．All B．MostC．Some D．FewD

(

)3．—There’refourbedroomsinthehouse,________withitsownshower.—That’swhatIwant.I’vegotafewkids.A．either B．neitherC．each D．noneC

(

)4．—Ihavetwosoccerballs.Whataboutyou?—Oh,Idon’thave________.A．some B．anyC．many D．muchB

(

)5．—Thereisnosaltleft.Jim,couldyougotothestoretoget________?—OK,Mom!A．some B．oneC．it D．anyA

(

)6．Thetwinslookexactlythesame.________ofthemareinmyclass.A．Each B．BothC．Either D．NoneB

(

)7．—Whichwouldyoulike,acupoftea,acupofcoffeeoraglassofmilk?—________.IthinkI’lljusthaveaglassofwater.A．Both B．NeitherC．None D．EitherC

(

)8．—CanyouspeakChinese,Steve?—Yes,only________.IhavebeeninChinaforonlyonemonth.A．few B．afewC．little D．alittleD

(二)another,other,theother,others,theothers的用法与区别，

见下表：不定代词用法例句another泛指三个或三个以上的人或物中不定数目的“另一个”Idon’tlikethisone.Pleaseshowmeanother.不定代词用法例句another作形容词，

表示“另一个的”Thereisanotherwayofdealingwiththeproblem.用于“another＋few＋复数名词”中，

相当于“some＋other/more＋复数名词”，表示“再；又”I’mstayingforanotherfewweeks.不定代词用法例句other可作形容词或代词，

作形容词时，

表示“另外的”Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?WestudyChinese,math,Englishandotherlessons.不定代词用法例句theother特指两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,andtheotherisaworker.Therearesixstudentsintheclassroom.Fouraregirls,andtheothertwoareboys.后面可加单数名词，

也可加复数名词，

此时的other作形容词Ontheothersideofthestreet,thereisatalltree.Maryismuchtallerthantheothergirls.不定代词用法例句others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”，是other的复数形式，

在句中可作主语、宾语Someofuslikesinginganddancing,andothersgoinforsports.theothers指整体中除去一部分后，

剩余的全部，是theother的复数形式Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.Ofthesixpeople,onewenthome,andtheotherswenttothecinema.【针对练习】(

)1．Communityserviceworkershelp________andmakeeveryonefeelbetter.A．another B．otherC．others D．theotherC

(

)2．There’retwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica.OneisMother’sDay,and________isFather’sDay.A．theother B．anotherC．other D．others(

)3．Ofthethreereadingrooms,oneisnear,but_______twoarefarfromhere.A．other B．theothersC．theother D．anotherA

C

(

)4．Idon’tlikethissmallbag.Wouldyoupleaseshowme________?A．theother B．otherC．another D．othersC

(

)5．—Couldweseeeachotherat9o’clocktomorrowmorning?—Sorry,let’smakeit________time.A．another B．otherC．theother D．othersA

(三)one,ones,theone,theones,those,that,it等的用法不定代词用法例句one用来替代前面出现的单数名词，

表示泛指，

相当于“a/an＋单数名词”—Whohasapen?—Ihaveone.ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，

也表示泛指Ipreferredrosestowhiteones.不定代词用法例句theone用来替代前面的特指的单数名词，

有时可用that替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)Yourdictionaryismoreusefulthanthat/theone(＝thedictionary)myunclegaveme.不定代词用法例句theones用来替代前面的特指的复数名词，

有时可用those替代(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theones(＝thebooks)underthedesk.those用来代替前面提过的可数名词复数，

避免重复，

尤其在比较状语从句中Thestudentsinourclassaremuchclevererthanthose(＝thestudents)intheirclass.不定代词用法例句that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，

相当于“the＋单数/不可数名词”I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthanthatinthecity.it替代“the＋单数名词”，

指前面提到的“同一”事物Thebookismine.It’sveryinteresting.【针对练习】(

)1．Manypeople’seffortmade________possibletohavethegreatsportsmeetinginGuiyang.A．it B．thisC．that D．thoseA

(

)2．—Oh,youwantapen?—OK.I’llget________foryou.A．theone B．oneC．them D．those(

)3．Yourhometownisreallynice!Theairqualityisasgoodas________ofSanya.A．it B．oneC．that D．theoneB

C

二、复合不定代词常见的复合不定代词的分类及用法如下表：分类用法例句指人somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everyone,everybody(1)后接else时，

表示“另外的；其他的”—Wouldyoulikesomethingelsetodrink?—Yes,I’dlikeaglassofmilk.(2)形容词修饰something,anything,nothing等时，

应置于这些复合不定代词之后Idon’twanttowatchthisfilm.Thereisnothinginterestinginit.分类用法例句指物something,nothing,anything,everything(1)不与of连用，

但every,anyone可与of连用Anyoneoftheboyscanswim.(2)作主语时，

谓语动词一般用单数Everyoneknowsthis,doesn’the/don’tthey?Everythingisready,isn’tit？【针对练习】(

)1．(2023宿迁，8)—Sandyiswellorganized.—Exactly.________inherroomisingoodorder.A．Something B．EverythingC．Nothing D．NoneB

(

)2．(2023营口，5)Damingishappytodaybecausehehelped________lookforasetofkeysonhiswayhome.A．nobody B．anybodyC．somebody D．everybody(

)3．Thereis________wrongwithTom’sleg.Weshouldsendhimtohospitalatonce.A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothingC

A

(

)4．—Isthere________elseintheclassroom?—Itisempty.________islisteningtoaspeechintheschoolhall.A．anyone;Anyone B．anyone;EveryoneC．everyone;Anyone D．everyone;EveryoneB

(

)5．—Didyoudo________speciallastmonth?—Yes,Ihadawonderfulparty.A．something B．anythingC．nothing D．everything(

)6．—Morning,class.Is________heretoday?—No,sir.Tomisabsent.Heisillathome.A．anybody B．everybodyC．nobody D．somebodyB

B

考点六：疑问代词疑问代词主要用法例句who主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时不能位于介词后)Who/Whomareyoutalkingto?Whowantstogowithme？whomwho的宾格形式，

作宾语Towhomareyoutalking？whosewho的所有格形式，

作定语Whosebookisthis？疑问代词主要用法例句what/whowhat可用于询问某人的职业、事物或人的姓名等—WhatisSusan？/What’sSusan’sjob？/WhatdoesSusando?—She’sadesigner.What’sthetimenow？who询问某人的身份、姓名—Whoistheboyunderthetree?—HeisLiMing.疑问代词主要用法例句what/whichwhat指不定数目中的“哪一个；哪一些；什么”，

没有一定范围的限定Whatwouldyoulike？which“哪一个”，

指在一定范围内特指的人或物Whichseasondoyoulikebetter,springorsummer？【针对练习】(

)1．—________doyouusuallysharehappinesswith?—Myparentsandmybestfriend.A．Who B．WhoseC．What D．HowA

(

)2．—________T-shirtisthis?—Ithinkit’sTom’s.A．Whose B．WhichC．What D．Who(

)3．—________isthisbasketball?—Perhapsit’sourEnglishteacher’s.Helikessports.A．Where B．WhoseC．How D．WhichA

B

(

)4．—________isyourfather?Doeshestillworkasanengineer?—Yes,hehasbeenanengineerforthirtyye