寒假分层作业 第08练 阅读理解（解析版）

PAGEPAGE10寒假分层作业第08练阅读理解ACliffWalkers(2021)★★★★2h|Crime,Drama,MysteryandThriller7.630April2021(China)(335,255comments)Director:ZhangYimou5stars:157%Writers:QuanYongxian,Zhangyimou4stars:54.0%Stars:ZhangYi|YuHewei|QinHailu3stars:27.5%|ZhuYawea|LiuHaocun|More…2stars:2.4%Language:ChinesewithEnglishlines1star:0.3%Thestory:SetinnortheastChinainthe1930s,itfollowsfourCommunistPartyagents(共产党特工),whomustmaketheirwaytoHarbintofinishasecretjob,“Utrennya”.However,afterbeingsoldoutbyamemberoftheirparty,theyfindthemselvesingreatdanger,andnotsureiftheonesbesidethemarefriendsorenemies.Willtheagentsbreakthedifficultsituationandcompletetheirjobonthesnowygrounds?Shortreviews:MichaelLee(★★★★★)ItcanbeseenasanimportantdevelopmentforChina’snewpatriotic(爱国的)films.Thecharactersriskedtheirlivescompletingthetask.Noneofthemeverthoughtofgivingup,althoughtherewasdangeraround.Thehappyliveswelivenowcomefromtheeffortsofheroeslikethem.CarlaSmith(★★★★★)Theactorsperformedtheirroleswellbypayinggreatattentiontoeverydetail.Theyexpressfeelingsthroughtheireyesinsteadoflines,especiallyYuHewei,whoplaysasboththecold-heartedgovernmentandthekind-heartedCommunistsoldierfightingforhispeople.DennisWhite(★★★★)Whatamazedmeisthesnowyscenesinthemovie.ZhangYimou’sworksarealwaysfilmedbeautifully.Theweather,beingoneofthemostimportantpartsofthemovie,shapesthecharacters’actions.1．Thetextaboveismostprobablyfroma________.A．newspaper B．magazineC．website D．poster2．AlltheinformationismentionedEXCEPT________.A．therunningtimeofthefilm B．thepriceoftheticketC．thetypeofthefilm D．thepopularityofthefilm3．“Utrennya”is________.A．aplaceinHarbin B．animportantpersonC．asecretlanguage D．ataskofCommunistParty4．Fromthemoviereviewsabove,wecanknowthat________.A．Michaelwasamazedbythesnowyscenesinthemovie. B．CarlawasmovedbythepatrioticcharacterC．Dennisthinkstheactorsplaytherolesverywell D．YuHeweiplaystheroleasaCommunistagent5．Accordingtothetextabove,wecanlearnthat________.A．thestoryhappenedinnorthwestChinainthe1930s B．QuanYongxianisoneofthemainactorsinthemovieC．oneofthefouragentsgaveupingreatdanger D．theagentsdidn’tknowwhowereontheirside【答案】1．D2．B3．D4．D5．D【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了电影《悬崖之上》以及一些评论。1．推理判断题。根据文章是对电影《悬崖之上》的介绍以及一些评论，可推知文章可能来自海报，故选D。2．推理判断题。根据表格中的“2h|Crime,Drama,MysteryandThriller7.630April2021(China)”可知，《悬崖之上》是两个小时的犯罪、戏剧、神秘和惊悚片，评分7.6，在2021年4月30日上映，推知文章没提到电影票价钱，故选B。3．推理判断题。根据表格倒数第四段中的“SetinnortheastChinainthe1930s,itfollowsfourCommunistPartyagents(共产党特工),whomustmaketheirwaytoHarbintofinishasecretjob,“Utrennya”可推知，“Utrennya”是共产党的一次任务，故选D。4．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“especiallyYuHewei,whoplaysasboththecold-heartedgovernmentandthekind-heartedCommunistsoldierfightingforhispeople”可知，于和伟扮演一名共产主义特工，故选D。5．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段中的“theyfindthemselvesingreatdanger,andnotsureiftheonesbesidethemarefriendsorenemies”可知，特工们不知道身边的人是朋友还是敌人，故选D。BKarenCaseywasveryunhappyallthetime.Shedidn’thaveanyfriendstotalkto.Shewasdepressed.Depressionisveryserious.Manydepressedpeopleneedmedicinetobehealthyandfeelbetter.Butsomedepressedpeopledon’tneedmedicine,theyneedagoodfriend.Somescientistsstudiedagroupofdepressedpeople.Theywantedtohelpthem.TheystudiedKarenandsomeotherpeople.Thescientistsdidn’tgivemedicinetoKarenandtheothers.Instead,eachdepressedpersonmadeanewfriend.Thescientiststhoughtthatfriendshipwouldmakethesepeoplehealthy.Karenandhernewfriend,Emily,metoften.Theywentforcoffee,todinner,ortothemoviestogether.KarenslowlystartedtofeelbetterandshetalkedtoEmilyaboutherproblems,too.Karenhadaproblemwithherjob.Shewasverydepressedatwork.Sheworkedalotofhours,butherbossdidn’tpaybetter.Shewasafraidtotalktoherbossaboutit.KarentalkedwithEmilyaboutthisproblem.Afterthat,Karendidn’tfeelafraidanymore.Then,shetalkedtoherbossandheagreedtogivehermoremoney.Now,Karenishappyatwork,too.Afteroneyear,manyoftheotherpeoplefeelhappy,too.Theydidn’tneedmedicinetofeelbetter.Theirnewfriendsweregoodfortheirhealth.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“depressed”probablymeaninChinese?________A．抑郁的 B．开心的 C．满足的 D．自卑的7．KarenandEmilydidsomethingstogetherEXCEPT________.A．drinkingcoffee B．havingdinner C．goingtowork D．watchingmovies8．What’sKaren’sproblem?________A．Shecouldn’tfindagoodjob. B．Shehadjustlostherjob.C．Shehadafightwithherboss. D．Herbossdidn’tgivehermoremoney.9．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?________A．Friendscanmakepeoplewhohavedepressionfeelbetter.B．Peoplewhohavedepressionalwaysneedtotakemedicine.C．Thescientistshaven’tfoundagoodwaytodealwithdepression.D．Thescientistshaveinventedanewmachineforpeoplewhohavedepression.10．Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?________A．It’snormaltoarguewithfriends. B．Friendsaremoreimportantthanhealth.C．Everyoneshouldvaluetheirgoodfriends. D．Friendscanhelpyoubehealthierandhappier.【答案】6．A7．C8．D9．A10．D【分析】文章以Karen的经历为例，主要讲述朋友能让抑郁的人不再依靠药物就能感到快乐并变得更健康。6．词义猜测题。根据第一段“KarenCaseywasveryunhappyallthetime.”以及“Manydepressedpeopleneedmedicinetobehealthyandfeelbetter.”可知，Karen一直不开心，许多这样的人需要药物治疗，推测出depressed表示“抑郁的”，故选A。7．细节理解题。根据第三段“Theywentforcoffee,todinner,ortothemoviestogether.”可知，他们一起喝咖啡、吃晚饭、看电影，没有一起去工作，故选C。8．细节理解题。根据第三段“Sheworkedalotofhours,butherbossdidn’tpaybetter.”可知，Karen遇到的问题是她工作很长时间，老板却不给她涨薪，故选D。9．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Afteroneyear...goodfortheirhealth.”可知，交了朋友后，抑郁的人不需要药物就能感觉好些了，故选A。10．推理判断题。文章主要讲了朋友能让抑郁的人更快乐更健康，推测出作者想告诉我们朋友有助于人们的健康和快乐，故选D。CEarthisabout75%water.Butmostofthatwaterissalty.Onlyabout2.5%ofEarth’swaterisfreshwater—thekindwecandrinkandthatplantsneedtogrow.MuchofEarth’sfreshwaterislockedupinicecaps.Inall,just1%ofEarth’swatercanbeusedforwashing,drinking,cooking,andwateringcrops.Insomecountries,peopledon’tusuallyworryabouthavingenoughclean,freshwater.Peoplejustturnonafaucet(水龙头)andthereitis.Insomecountries,though,waterisscarce(稀缺的).PeopleinAfrica,Asia,andLatinAmericahaveseriouswatershortages.Whatcauseswatershortages?Insomeplaces,wellwaterisbeingusedfasterthanwellscanrefill.Inotherplaces,droughts—longperiodswithoutenoughrain—meanthereisnotenoughwater.SomepartsoftheUnitedStatesarenowhavingwaterproblemsbecauseofdrought.Evaporation(蒸发)isabigprobleminsomepartsoftheworld.Whenthesunshinesonwater,thewaterturnsintovapor(水蒸气)andrisesintotheair.Thewaterisgonebeforeitcandoanygood.Thegroundbecomesdry.Nothingcangrow.Notallfreshwaterissafetodrink.Waterinwells,lakes,andriversmayhavebadthingsthatcauseillness.Whenwaterisdirty,itcanbedangeroustodrink.Dirtywaterismakingchildrensick.Itisdangeroustogetadrinkorevenwashyourhands.Butthenewsisn’tallbad.MansoorAli,whoworksfortheUnitedNations,sayswaterproblemscanbesolved.Kidsandadultsarelearninghowtoprotectwaterandhowtouseitwisely.11．HowmuchofEarth’swatercanbeusedforwashing,drinking,cooking,andwateringcrops?________A．1%. B．2.5%. C．25%. D．75%.12．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?________A．Waterproblemscan’tbesolved.B．Allofthefreshwaterissafetodrink.C．PeopleinAmericahaveseriouswatershortages.D．Evaporationisoneofthereasonsforwatershortages.13．Whatwillhappenifthegroundbecomesdry?________A．Cropscan’tgrow. B．Vaporwillriseintotheair.C．Waterwillbecomedirty. D．Wellscanrefill.14．Accordingtothetext,washingyourhandswiththedirtywateris________.A．acceptable B．meaningless C．harmful D．special15．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?________A．Weshouldstopusingthefreshwater.B．Thereistoomuchwatertobeusedup.C．Everyoneshouldprotectwateranduseitwisely.D．Onlyafewplacesintheworldfacewatershortages.【答案】11．A12．D13．A14．C15．C【分析】本文主要讲述了水资源短缺的现状。11．细节理解题。根据第一段“Inall,just1%ofEarth’swatercanbeusedforwashing,drinking,cooking,andwateringcrops.”可知地球上只有1%的水可以用来洗涤、饮用、烹饪和浇灌庄稼。故选A。12．细节理解题。根据第三段“Evaporation(蒸发)isabigprobleminsomepartsoftheworld.Whenthesunshinesonwater,thewaterturnsintovapor(水蒸气)andrisesintotheair.Thewaterisgonebeforeitcandoanygood”可知蒸发是缺水的原因之一。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Thegroundbecomesdry.Nothingcangrow.”可知如果地面变干了就不能种植了，故选A。14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenwaterisdirty,itcanbedangeroustodrink.Dirtywaterismakingchildrensick.Itisdangeroustogetadrinkorevenwashyourhands.”可知用脏水洗手是危险的，故选C。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Earthisabout75%water.Butmostofthatwaterissalty...Inall,just1%ofEarth’swatercanbeusedforwashing,drinking,cooking,andwateringcrops.”和最后一段“Butthenewsisn’tallbad.MansoorAli,whoworksfortheUnitedNations,sayswaterproblemscanbesolved.Kidsandadultsarelearninghowtoprotectwaterandhowtouseitwisely.”可知文章是告诉我们要保护水资源，合理的去利用，故选C二、阅读判断AYoumayhaveasenseofdirection,oryoumaynot.SomepeoplecouldfindtheirwayacrosstheSaharawithoutamap,whileotherscangetlosteasilyevenwithamap.Why?Scientistssaypeopleareallbornwithasenseofdirection,buttheyarenotsurehowitworks.Onetheory(理论)isthatpeoplewithagoodsenseofdirectionhavesimplyworkedharderatdevelopingit.ResearchbeingcarriedoutattheUniversityofLiverpoolsupportsthisidea.Itsuggeststhatifpeopledon’tdeveloptheirsenseofdirection,theywillloseit.“Childrenhavetheabilitytofindtheirwayaftertheyaresevenyearsold,”saysJimMartland,theresearchdirectoroftheproject.“However,iftheyarenotallowedtogooutaloneoraretakeneverywherebycar,theywillneverdeveloptheskillstoimprovetheirsenseofdirection.”JimMartandalsoemphasizes(强调)thatyoungpeopleshouldbetaughtcertainskillstoimprovetheirsenseofdirection.Hegivesthefollowingsuggestions.★Ifyouareusingamap,trytofindtheplacewhereyouareandtheplacewhereyouaregoing.Trytofindthewaybetweenthem.★Ifyouleaveyourbikeinastrangeplace,putinnearsomethinglikeabigstoneoratree.Notelandmarksontheroute(路线)asyougoawayfromyourbike.Whenyoureturn,gobackalongthesameroute.★Uselinessuchasstreetsinatown,orwallsinthecountrysidetoguideyou.Countyourstepssothatyouknowhowfaryouhavegone.Noteanylandmarksuchasatowerblockorahillwhichcanhelpyoutofindoutwhereyouare.16．Scientistsbelievethatonlysomepeoplearebornwiththesenseofdirection.________17．Thesenseofdirectionisalifelongability.________18．Kidscan’tdevelopagoodsenseofdirectionifthey’realwaysdrivenaroundinacar.________19．Countingourstepscanhelpusknowhowfarwehavegone.________20．Bikescanbeusedaslandmarkswhenyougettoanewcity.________【答案】16．B17．B18．A19．A20．B【分析】本文介绍了人们与生俱来的方向感的问题，并就如何提高自己辨别方向的能力提出了几点建议。16．细节理解题。根据“Scientistssaypeopleareallbornwithasenseofdirection,”可知，科学家们说，所有的人生来就有方向感，此句表述错误，故答案为B。17．细节理解题。根据“Itsuggeststhatifpeopledon’tdeveloptheirsenseofdirection,theywillloseit”可知，如果人们不培养自己的方向感，他们就会失去方向感，说明它不是一种终身都具有的能力，此句表述错误，故答案为B。18．细节理解题。根据“However,iftheyarenotallowedtogooutaloneoraretakeneverywherebycar;theywillneverdeveloptheskillstoimprovetheirsenseofdirection”可知，如果孩子们总是被载着到处跑，他们就不能培养良好的方向感，此句表述正确，故答案为A。19．细节理解题。根据“Countyourstepssothatyouknowhowfaryouhavegone”可知，数一下你的步数，这样你就知道你走了多远，此句表述正确，故答案为A。20．细节理解题。根据“Noteanylandmarksuchasatowerblockorahillwhichcanhelpyoutofindoutwhereyouare”可知，塔楼或小山可以作为地标，而自行车不能作为地标，此句表述错误，故答案为B。BSharedself-studyroomsinasharedspacehavebecomemoreandmorepopularamongstudentsandofficeworkersinChinainrecentyears.Sofar,therehavebeenover200shared,self-studyroomsinChengdu.Equipped（配备）witheye-caringlights,comfortabletablesandchairs,anddifferentkindsofschoolthings,thesesharedself-studyroomsalsoprovidetea,snacksandfreeWIFI.Customersofsharedself-studyroomscanpayaround50yuanto100yuanperdayforaquietandfriendlylearningenvironment.Userscanalsobuyawiderange（范围）ofpack,suchasamonthlyoryearlypass,dependingontheirpersonalneeds.Butthewidertimetheybuy,thelessmoneytheywillspend.TherearesomereasonsforthepopularityofsharedstudyroomsinChina.First,withabetterlearningenvironmenthesharedself-studyroomsthatprovidecomfortablechairs,lightingcanmakethestudentsstudymoreefficiently(有效率的).Also,somestudentsusedtogetaseatatthestudyroomsofcollegesorpubliclibraries.However,manycollegesandpubliclibrariesremainclosedtothepublicbecauseoftheCOVID-19.Anotherreasonispeople’sneedsforprivatespace.Aresearchshowsthat43.2percentofusersofsharedstudyroomsmainlypayforaprivatestudyenvironment.21．Sharedself-studyroomsprovidenotonlythecomfortablelearningenvironmentbutalsothegoodservicesfortheusers.________22．Customerscansavethemostiftheybuyamonthlypassofthesharedself-studyrooms.________23．Sharedstudyroomscanbeagoodchoiceforthestudentswhohavediffic