2022中考热点题型归纳与变式练 专题05 数词、主谓一致（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE82022中考热点题型归纳与变式练专题05数词、主谓一致【题型一】数词考点【典例分析】1.Tony'smumlooksyoungandbeautiful.It'shardtoimaginesheisalreadyinher.A.fiftiesB.fiftyC.fiftiethsD.fiftieth2.Basketballissoexcitingthatpeopleplayitforfun.A.millionB.twomillionsC.millionofD.millionsof【提分秘籍】1.基数词和序数词基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序。序数词由基数词变化而成，具体构成如下：构成例句第一、第二、第三需特殊记忆。first第一second第二third第三4-19的序数词是由其相对应的基数词后面加－th构成。eleven→eleventh第十一thirteen→thirteenth第十三有4个词拼写不规则：fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth.整十的序数词由其对应的基数词变词尾字母y为ie,再加－th构成。（注意：ten的序数词为tenth.)twenty→twentieth第二十fifty→fiftieth第五十表示“第几十几”时，只将个位数变为序数词，十位数仍用基数词。thirty-one→thirty-first第三十一fifty-six→fifty-sixth第五十六2.数词的用法内容用法例子分数表示法分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，作分母的序数词需用复数形式。单词之间可有连字符，也可以没有。如果是带分数，用and连接整数和分数即可。1/3:one-third年龄表示法用“in+one's+整十的基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”。表示一个人具体的岁数时，可用“attheageof+基数词”表示。Mygrandmotherisnowinhereighties.我奶奶现在80多岁了。编号表示法①用基数词编号时，用“名词＋基数词”表示。②用序数词编号时，用“the+序数词＋名词”表示。502房间：Room502第七页：theseventhpage3.确切数目和大约数目的表示法类别表达法例子确切数目当hundred,thousand,million等前面有具体数字或有many,several,few等修饰时，用其单数形式，不与of连用。此时表达确切数目。Imakeninehundreddollarsaweek.我一周挣900美元。约略数目当hundred,thousand,million等与of连用时，要用其复数形式，其前不能加其他表示数量的词语。此时表达大约的数字概念。TherearethousandsofthingsIwanttodo.我有很多事情想做。【对点变式练】1．Johnis________yearsold.Todayishis________birthday.A．nine;nine B．ninth;ninth C．nine;ninth D．ninth;nine2．Thestudentsdonatedovertwo______booksatourschoolcharitysalelastFriday.A．thousand B．thousands C．thousandsof D．thousandof3．Thereare__________inourschool.A．sevenhundredsstudents B．sevenhundredofstudentsC．sevenhundredstudents D．sevenhundredsofstudents4．Asshewasbornon________ofFebruary,shehascelebrated________birthdayssinceherbirth.A．twenty-nine;five B．twenty-nine;thefifthC．thetwenty-ninth;five D．thetwenty-ninth;thefifth5．The_________WinterOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingin2022,andtherewillbe______events(项目)intheGames.A．Twenty-four;fifteenth B．Twentieth-four;fifteenC．Twentieth-fourth;fifteenth D．Twenty-fourth;fifteen6．TheyplantostayinShanghaifor.A．oneandahalfhours B．oneandhalfhourC．onehourandhalf D．onehoursandahalf7．5:15inEnglishis_________.A．aquartertofive B．aquarterpastfive C．fifteentofive D．fivetofifteen【题型二】主谓语一致考点【典例分析】1.Thenumberofthevolunteers100now.Andasmallnumberofthemalreadygonetotheworkplace.A.is;haveB.are;haveC.is;areD.is;has2.-Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?－ItogetherwithmyclassmatesgoingtoclimbMountQian.A.isB.amC.areD.were【提分秘籍】1.语法一致原则具体用法例句单数名词或代词、不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。复数名词或代词，以及and或“both...and...”连接两个或多个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Myfriendgoestoschoolbybuseveryday.我的朋友每天坐公交车上学。TomatoesandpotatoesarewhatI'mgoingtobuy.西红柿和土豆是我要买的东西。every,each,either,neither,oneof,noone及everyone,somebody,nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Nothingeverhappensinthistown.这镇上从来都不会发生什么（特别的）事。当主语由aswellas,alongwith,togetherwith,but,except,besides等词连接时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常由其前面的名词来决定。MymotheraswellasherworkmateshasbeentoBeijing.谓语动词的单复数由Mymother决定我母亲和她的同事曾去过北京。“thenumberof+复数可数名词”表示“．．．．．·的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“anumberof+复数可数名词”表示“许多······”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Thenumberofthegirlstudentsisovertwenty.女生的数量是20多个。Anumberofhousesweredestroyedintheearthquake.地震中许多房子被毁。动词不定式、动名词形式及从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Tosaysomethingisusuallyeasierthantodosomething.说往往比做容易。2.意义一致原则用法例句集体名词class,family,government,group,team等作主语时，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果侧重集体中的个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。Mr.Smith'sfamilyisabigone.史密斯先生家是一个大家庭.表示family这一整体概念Mr.Smith'sfamilyarewatchingTV.史密斯一家人正在看电视。表示家庭成员表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的词语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Sixtykilosisn'theavyforhim.60千克对他来说不算重。分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词要与它们所指代的名词的单复数保持一致。Fourfifthsofthejuiceisorange.Itisverypure.五分之四的果汁是橙汁。非常纯。谓语动词与分数所指代的thejuice一致some,all,lotsof,half,therestof,most等后面接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与该名词或代词的单复数保持一致。Allthemilkhasgonebad.牛奶全都变质了。3.就近原则用法例句在therebe句型中，谓语动词要与最邻近be的主语保持一致。Thereisatableandtwochairsintheroom.房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。Therearetwochairsandatableintheroom.房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。or,"either...or...""neither...nor...”“notonly...butalso...”等连接两并列主语时，谓语动词的数常与最邻近的主语的数保持一致。Eitheryouoryoursisterhastogothererightnow.谓语动词由最邻近的主语yoursister决定要么你要么你妹妹需要立刻去那里。【对点变式练】1．Ithink________ofthelisteningmaterials________easy.A．thirdfour;are B．threefourths;are C．threefour;is2．________ofthelandinthattown________coveredwithtreesandgrass.A．Twofifth;is B．Twofive;are C．Twofifths;is3．Thesurveyonthechildren________thatmorethanfivesixthsofthestudents________interestedinsciencebooksbecausetheyseemsalittleboring.A．show;is B．shows;are C．shows;is D．show;are4．Thenumberofthesocialworkersinourcity2,000.Andsixtypercentofthemteachersandstudents.A．is;is B．is;are C．are;is D．are;are5．（2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）Look!Juliaaswellashersisters________akiteontheplayground.A．fly B．flies C．isflying D．areflying6．（2021·辽宁营口·中考真题）Onethousandkilometers________quitealongwaytotheancient,butnowwecancompletethejourneyinaboutonehourbyair.A．was B．had C．were D．have7．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）BothSandyandMillie________interestedincooking.Theyoftenlearntocookatweekends.A．am B．is C．are D．be8．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）Sofar,thenumberofpeopleusing5Gmobilephones________alot.A．isincreasing B．areincreasing C．hasincreased D．haveincreased9．（2021·广西玉林·中考真题）—Susan,howmanywomenteachersarethereinyourschool?—Inourschool,_______oftheteachers_______womenteachers.A．thirdfourth;are B．thirdfourth;is C．threefourths;is D．threefourths;are10．（2021·四川广元·中考真题）Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare________.A．manteachers B．menteachers C．womanteachers D．womenteacher11．（2021·吉林长春·中考真题）There__________twopeoplewaitingforyououtsidenow.A．is B．are C．was D．were12．（2021·广西河池·中考真题）NotonlyPeterbutalsohisfather________crazyaboutthebasketballmatch.A．am B．is C．are D．be13．（2021·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）ThereisplentyofinformationaboutAI（人工智能）onthewebsite,___________?A．isn’tthere B．isn’tit C．isthere14．（2021·海南·中考真题）ManytouristsvisitHainanaroundthespringFestival,becauseit’s________toocold________toohot.A．both…and B．notonly…butalso C．neither…nor1．Let'slookat_________pictureandthenlookatPicture____________.A．first:Second B．one;Two C．thefirst;Two D．thefirst;thesecond2．About________oftheworkersinthefactorywereborninthe________.A．twofifths;1980 B．twofifths;1980sC．secondfive;1980s D．two-fifth;1980s3．MarkTwainbecameveryfamous________.A．inthe1860 B．in1860s C．inthe1860s' D．inthe1860s4．Ithink________shouldhelptheirparentsdosomechoresathome.A．fifteen-year-olds B．fifteen-year-old C．fifteenyearsold5．Todayismyfather's___________birthday.Heis________nowA．thirty一five；thirty一fifth B．thirty一fifth；thirty一fifthC．thirty一five；thirty一five D．thirty一fifth；thirty一five6．Sixty________ofthehousework________donebyrobots.A．percent;are B．percent;is C．percents;are D．percents;is7．Ifyoucan’tfinishtheworkontime,Iwillofferyou_______personstohelpyou.A．twomore B．moretwo C．twoanother D．othertwo8．Thedoctortoldmetotakethemedicine________ifIstillfeltsickaftergoinghome.A．everyfourhours B．eachfourhoursC．everyfourthhours D．eachfourthhour9．—Susan,howmanywomenteachersarethereinyourschool?—Inourschool,_______oftheteachers_______womenteachers.A．thirdfourth;are B．thirdfourth;is C．threefourths;is D．threefourths;are10．About________oftheearth________coveredwithwater,butwehavelessandlessfreshwater.A．three-fourth;are B．three-fourths;is C．three-fourth;is D．three-fourths;are11．Wehave________classesinthemorningand______classismusic.A．four;fourth B．four;fourC．four;thefourth D．fourth;thefourth12．Tomisa________boy.Todayishis________birthday.A．twenty-twoyearsold,twentieth-secondB．twenty-two-year-old,twentieth-twoC．twenty-twoyearsold,twenty-secondD．twenty-two-year-old,twenty-second13．—What'sthedatetoday?—It's______.A．June(the)fourth B．Junefour C．Junethefour14．60%ofthewoodweusefromAustralia.ButinthefirewhichtookplaceinNovember,40%oftheforestsdestroyed.A．comes;were B．comes;wasC．come;were D．come;was15．Two-thirdsofthepopulationinChina________agoodhabitofreading.A．has B．have C．had D．thereis16．—Wow!Theswimmingpoolisfullofpeople.—Yes,andsixtypercentchildren.A．is B．are C．was D．were17．Seventypercentofthestudentsinourclass______toBeijing．A．havebeen B．hasbeen C．hasgone D．goes18．____ofthetime____wasted____computergames.A．Four-fifth,is,toplay B．Four-fifths,are,playingC．Four-fifths,is,toplay D．Four-fifths,is,playing19．（2021·广西柳州·中考真题）There________aTVsetintheroom.A．be B．is C．are20.（2021·四川凉山·中考真题）—IoftenseePeter’sfatherplaybasketballonmywaytoschool.—That’snotstrange.NotonlyPeterbutalsohisfather________sports.A．enjoy B．enjoys C．enjoyed D．wasenjoyed21．（2021·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）Inthefaceofthevariation(变异)ofthevirus,notonlyChinabutalsoothercountries________totakeactiontofightagainstthecrisis(危机).A．have B．has C．having22．（2021·青海·中考真题）—Mom,canIhavethepinkskirtandthewhiteshirt?Ilikethemverymuch.—Sony,baby.Theycosttoomuch,butyoucanc