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试卷第=page11页,共=sectionpages33页2022中考完形填空话题分类训练专题64科学家(2021·贵州毕节·中考真题)ThefamousChinesescientist,YuanLongping,diedofillnessattheageof91inMay2021.YuanLongpingisnotonlya____1____scientistinagriculture(农业),butalsoaromantic(浪漫的)husbandandacaringgrandfather.Heisknownas____2____ofHybridRice(杂交水稻)whichpulledcountlesspeopleoutof____3____.Adocumentary(纪录片)____4____someofhislifestories.Intheopeningparts,Yuan’sthreegranddaughtersrecalled(回忆)stories____5____theirgrandfatherandsaidthathemostlycaredabouttheirEnglishandmathstudies.Thegrandkidsrecalledthat____6____YuantravelledtoHongKongwithhisfamily,hetriedto____7____anewwatchforhiswife,buthedidn’t,becauseitwastoo____8____,andhefedhiswifewithacandy.HundredsofpeopleattendedYuan’s90thbirthdaycelebration.Thisisaheartwarmingmoment(时刻):Yuancutthefirst____9____ofcakeandgaveittohiswifeatonce.ThedocumentaryalsofoundthatYuandevelopedan“exerciseprogram”,toplaymahjong(麻将)withfriendsforanhourat8p.m.everyeveningto____10____hisbrain,thoughhewasquitebusy.Whenhisseawaterriceresearchwassuccessful,hewasveryexcited,andcopiedtheactionofduckswith“quack,quack,quack”,whilepassingapond(池塘).1.A.beautiful B.famous C.brave D.kind2.A.Father B.Mother C.Engineer D.Teacher3.A.anger B.illness C.hunger D.pollution4.A.wrote B.talked C.taught D.recorded5.A.from B.about C.between D.through6.A.when B.where C.how D.why7.A.send B.give C.borrow D.buy8.A.cheap B.expensive C.new D.old9.A.bit B.glass C.piece D.drop10.A.train B.work C.protect D.make(2021·广西柳州·中考真题)YuanLongpingwasborninBeijingin1930.Oneday,hesawmany____11____peopleholdingemptybowlsinthestreet.Andhealsoheardthatsomepeopleevendied____12____theyhadnothingtoeat.Hewasverysadand____13____tobecomeascientisttochangethesituation.Later,heand____14____teamdidalotofexperimentstodevelopanewkindofrice.Atthebeginning,they____15____manytimes.Buttheynevergaveup.Theytriedagain____16____againinthefield,nomatterhowharditwas.____17____,theysucceededingrowingsuperhybrid(杂交)riceafteryearsofefforts.YuanLongpingwasvery____18____becausehisdreamcametrue.Nowfarmerscanharvests(收获)more____19____thanbefore.AndChinesepeoplewillnotsuffer_____20_____hungeranylonger.Hewillneverbeforgotten.11.A.angry B.hungry C.rich12.A.because B.if C.though13.A.refused B.agreed C.decided14.A.his B.my C.your15.A.explained B.escaped C.failed16.A.of B.but C.and17.A.Finally B.Properly C.Usually18.A.sad B.glad C.tired19.A.fruit B.rice C.vegetables20.A.from B.about C.with(2021·四川南充·中考真题)YuanLongpingaChinesescientistandeducator,diedattheageof91inHunanlastmonth.Hewascalledthe“FatherofHybridRice(杂交水稻)”andhehelped___21___peoplearoundtheworld.YuanLongpingwasthefirstpersontodevelopakindofhybridricewhichhelpedfight___22___inChina.FoodwasabigprobleminChinainthepast.ThiswasbecauseChinahad22percentoftheworld’spopulation,butonly7percentofits___23___.Inthe1960s,Chinesepeoplehadadifficulttime.Millionsofpeoplediedbecausetheyhadnofood.Asanagronomyteacher,Yuanwasvery___24___toseethis.“HowcanIhelpthemhaveenoughfood?”hethought.Hedecidedtoworkonakindofhybridrice.Ithasahighoutput(产量).Atthattime,otherscientistsdidn’tthinkhybridricewasworth___25___.ButYuanandhisteamworkedoniteveryday.Theytookverygoodcareoftheirriceseeds.Atlast,in1973,theygrewanewkindofhybridrice.Thisriceis___26___.Farmerscangrowitinmanydifferentkindsoffarmlandandinbad___27___.Itcanalsofightdisease.Itsoutputwasmuch___28___thancommonkindsofrice.Withthenewkind,about70,000,000peoplecouldhavefoodeveryyear!YuansolvedthefoodprobleminChina.Buthewas___29___workingonricewhenhewasveryold.Beforeheretired,hehopedtogrowriceinthesea!Yuanoncesaidhehadtwodreams—to“enjoythe___30___underthericecrops(庄稼)tallerthanmen”andthathybridricecouldbegrownallovertheworldtohelpsolvetheglobalfoodproblem.21.A.support B.guard C.feed D.educate22.A.flood B.hunger C.earthquake D.nature23.A.farmland B.mountains C.grassland D.forests24.A.angry B.interested C.hopeful D.sad25.A.discussing B.studying C.eating D.reporting26.A.expensive B.new C.healthy D.strong27.A.sea B.villages C.weather D.gardens28.A.greater B.smaller C.less D.slower29.A.still B.again C.hardly D.even30.A.heat B.cool C.wealth D.fame(2021·广东·珠海市拱北中学一模)NewtonwasoncepraisedfordiscoveringtheTheoryofGravity(万有引力).Hesaidhesucceededbecausehe“stoodontheshouldersofgiants”.Inotherwords,hisworkwasbuiltontheeffortsof____31____whohavelivedbeforehim.Thisistrueforscience.Infact,itisalsotrueforsociety.Allprogress____32____fromthenewgenerations(一代人),buildingontheeffortsoftheolderpeople.NewChinawasfounded70yearsagobecauseoftheeffortsofmanygiants.MaoZedong,DengXiaopingandmanyothersbuiltthebasic.Andeachgenerationthatfollowedthesegiantshascontinuedto____33____thecountry.However,thepastsuccessdoesn’tmeanthefuturesuccess.ItisgoingtobeuptoyourgenerationtomakesurethatChinakeeps____34____.Ifyouare____35____,Chinawillbestrong.Ifyouaregreat,Chinawillbegreat.Andifyouworkhardtowin,Chinawillwin____36____!Luckily,youhavemanyrolemodels____37____tolearnfrom.Asforme,IadmireSongQinglingmost.Shewas____38____inAmericaandspokeperfectEnglish.Shelivedarichlifethere,butshedecidedtoreturntoChinaanddevotedherlifetohelp____39____,whocalledher“Mum”inreturn.ThereisashowaboutherlifenowatShanghaiUrbanPlanningExhibitionCenter.YoucanvisitituntilOctober15.SongQinglingwastrulyagiant.Youcanstandonher_____40_____tohelpthechildrenandbuildabetterfuture.31.A.speakers B.scientists C.doctors D.engineers32.A.learns B.goes C.comes D.belongs33.A.love B.celebrate C.create D.build34.A.lookingaround B.movingforward C.puttingdown D.makingup35.A.young B.lovely C.strong D.quick36.A.differently B.surely C.hardly D.bravely37.A.inthepast B.atpresent C.inthefuture D.allthetime38.A.studied B.stayed C.grown D.educated39.A.thepoor B.therich C.theyoung D.theold40.A.feet B.hands C.shoulders D.head(2021·广东·新兴县太平镇共成中学一模)Formanypeople,hisnameisanotherwordfor“genius”.Heisthefatherofthetheoryofrelativity(相对论).HeisAlbertEinstein,oneofthemostfamous___41___intheworld.OnMarch19th,2012,someofEinstein’sscientificresearchpaperswere___42___onlineforthefirsttime.Theygavepeoplea___43___toknowmoreaboutEinsteinasaperson.EinsteinwasbornonMarch14th,1879,intoaJewishfamilyintheGermancityofUlm.Attheageof15,EinsteinleftschoolandmovedtoItalywithhis___44___.Later,hewentontostudyphysicsinSwitzerland.Heworkedso___45___thathemadegreatachievementsinhiscareer.Einsteinpublishedfourimportantpapersin1905.Hethen___46___theNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1921.ButEinstein’sgreatestworkisthetheoryofrelativity.Itshowstopeoplethattimecanbe___47___orspedupdependingonthespeedofamovingobject.Thistheory___48___changedthewaypeopleunderstandtheuniverse(宇宙).ButEinsteinwasn’tjustascientist.Hewasalsoaregularmanandliveda___49___life.HelikedplayingMozartonhisviolinaswellaswalkingtohisofficeeveryday.However,Einsteindidn’t___50___muchaboutpower.In1952,theyoungnationofIsraelaskedEinsteintobetheirpresident,butherefusedtotakethisjob.41.A.teachers B.artists C.farmers D.scientists42.A.closed B.put C.helped D.finished43.A.job B.problem C.chance D.story44.A.family B.class C.army D.office45.A.hard B.strangely C.carelessly D.quietly46.A.bought B.started C.won D.helped47.A.brokendown B.sloweddown C.cutdown D.takendown48.A.heavily B.completely C.usually D.badly49.A.foolish B.lazy C.secret D.colorful50.A.care B.think C.worry D.talk(2021·山东·模拟预测)Wouldyouliketoexploretheoceans?Doyouwanttofindmorelifethanweimaginethere?ForJacquesCousteau,theanswerwas“yes".Hiscareerwas____51____lifetimedream,andheisoneof_____52_____oceanscientistsinrecenttimes.CousteauwasborninFrancein1910.Evenasachildhelovedwater.Cousteauwasbright,_____53_____hegotboredwithschoolandbegantocausetrouble.Hisparentssenthimtoastrictschool.There,Cousteaufinallyfeltchallenged.Hestudied_____54_____anddidwellinallhissubjects.In1933,heworked_____55_____ageneralofficerintheFrenchNavy.Healsobegantoexplorethelifeunderthewater.Heworkedonabreathingmachine____56____underwaterlonger.It_____57_____in1943.In1948,Cousteaubecameacaptain,andhehadhisnewtask.Evenso,he_____58_____

toexploretheoceans.Twoyearslater,hebecamethe_____59_____oftheFrenchOceanographicCampaigns.Healsoboughtashiptohelp_____60_____hisdives.Butheneededawaytogetmoneyforhistrips.Todothat,heproducedmanyfilms____61____include“TheSilentWorld”(1956),“WorldwithoutSun”(1966).Healsopublished(出版)anumberofbooks.Oneofhisbooks______62______“TheLivingSea''(1963).In1974,hefoundedtheCousteauSociety.______63______workwastodofurtherresearchaboutoceanandtoencouragepeopletohelpprotecttheoceansandthelifein_______64_______.Cousteauwonmanyhonors(荣誉)forhiswork,______65______theMedalofFreedomandmembershipintheFrenchAcademyin1989.51.A.an B.a C.the D.\52.A.famous B.thefamous C.themorefamous D.themostfamous53.A.but B.because C.though D.and54.A.hard B.hardly C.muchhard D.muchhardly55.A.like B.as C.on D.by56.A.staying B.stayed C.tostay D.tostaying57.A.finishing B.finishes C.finish D.wasfinished58.A.continues B.continued C.hadcontinued D.continuing59.A.leader B.leads C.leading D.led60.A.about B.with C.for D.through61.A.what B.who C.which D.when62.A.is B.are C.am D.were63.A.It’s B.Itself C.It D.Its64.A.us B.them C.you D.him65.A.include B.includes C.including D.included(2021·重庆·模拟预测)TalkingaboutfamousscientiststhereareplentyofpeopleIremember.Asoneofthebiggestnamesinscience,GermanphysicistAlbertEinstein(1879-1955)haschangedthewayweseetheworld___66___hisamazingdiscoveries.Thisyear,histheoryofrelativity(相对论)celebratedits105thanniversary(纪念日).Manyscientistshavetiedtoprove(证明)histheory___67___buttheyhaven’tbeenableto.Sowhatissospecialabouthistheory?Well,beforethetheoryofrelativity,everyonebelievedanotherscientistcalledIsaacNewton(1643-1727)andhistheory.Newtonsaidbothtimeandspacearethesameforeveryone,everywhere.Einsteinprovedthiswasnottrue.The___68___ofhisexperimentsshowedthatunderdifferentcircumstances(环境)theflow(流动)oftimecanchange.Timeisabletomoveslowerorfaster___69___onthesedifferentkindsofconditions.Anexampleis___70___onepersonistravelingatthespeedoflightandanotherpersonisstandingstill,themanmovingatthespeedoflightwillageslowerthanthe___71___standingstill.Thisisbecausetheconditionofmovingatthespeedoflightischangingtheman’sflowoftime.Thistheory___72___changedthewaypeopleviewedtimeandspace.Einsteinwaswell-knownasascientificgenius(天才).Hisunderstandingofscienceandtheworldwasbetterthanmanyothers.But___73___hiswork,hehadhobbiesandaunique(独特的)personality.OneofEinstein’sfavoritehobbieswassailing(航海),andhecouldoftenbe___74___onaboat,eventhoughhecouldn’tswim.Healsoneverworesocks.Hesaidsockswere____75____andmadehimfeeluncomfortablewhentheygotholes.66.A.on B.in C.about D.with67.A.right B.wrong C.true D.foolish68.A.studies B.shows C.endings D.results69.A.depending B.depended C.todepend D.depends70.A.although B.because C.if D.whether71.A.other B.one C.ones D.another72.A.happily B.completely C.doubtfully D.unluckily73.A.beside B.besides C.except D.expect74.A.found B.founded C.find D.lookfor75.A.useful B.useless C.important D.necessary(2019·浙江南浔·一模)Einsteinisaworld-famousscientist.In1899,he____76____atafamousuniversityinZurich.OnceEinsteinaskedhisteacher,ProfessorMinkevsky,“How____77____aperson,likeme,leavehisclearfootprintsontheroadofscienceandmakeagreatsuccess?”Minkewskysaidthatitwasa“____78____”questionandhewouldgivehimananswerlater.Threedayslater,MinkevskytoldEinsteinthatthe____79____wascoming!HepulledEinsteinwalktowardsabuildingsiteandstraightset____80____onaconerete(混凝土)road.Itwasaroadthattheworkershad____81____finished!Alltheworkers____82____him.“Sir,don’tyouleadmethewrongway?”Einsteinwasconfused(疑惑不解的)andaskedMinkevsky____83____.“Can’tyousee?”Minkrvskyasked.“Onlythe____84____conereteroadsurfacecanleavedeepfootprints.Theoldroadsurfacehasbeenwalkedonandcountless_____85_____havebeenleftbymanypeople,_____86_____youcanhardlyfindyourfootprints.”Hearingthat,Einsteinthoughtforalongtimeandnodded.Afterthat,averystrongsenseof_____87_____begantoguideEinstein’sthoughtandaction.Hetriedagainandagainto_____88_____newthings.Hebelievedstronglythat_____89_____couldtellhimwhattodoandnobookscouldhelphim,Healwayssaid,“Inevermemorizewhatbookscarrybecausemybrainwasonly_____90_____thosethingsthatarenotinbooks.”ItwasbecauseofthisthatEinsteinlefthisshiningfootprintsinthehistoryofscience.76.A.worked B.studied C.spoke D.taught77.A.must B.should C.can D.need78.A.sad B.stupid C.difficult D.boring79.A.way B.question C.success D.answer80.A.hand B.foot C.face D.body81.A.never B.just C.already D.all82.A.shoutedat B.listenedto C.lookedfor D.talkedwith83.A.inpublic B.inperson C.insurprise D.inagreement84.A.new B.wide C.straight D.beautiful85.A.steps B.books C.flowers D.dictionaries86.A.though B.because C.so D.but87.A.activity B.direction C.creativity D.education88.A.write B.follow C.remember D.discover89.A.nobody B.anybody C.somebody D.everybody90.A.in B.for C.about D.against(2020·四川南充·模拟预测)ZhongNanshanwasborninOctober1936inNanjing,JiangsuProvince.Heisoneofthefamousmedicalscientistsinthe21stcentury,who____91____manypeople'slivesin2003.In2003,SARS____92____inGuangdong.Later,itspreadacrossChinaandotherpartsoftheworld.Patientscoughedalotandgotfevers.Hundredsof____93____evendiedfromthedisease.EvenmanydoctorsandnursesgotSARSwhentheytreatedpatients.Soeveryonewasafraidofit.ButZhongwas____94____enoughtofightthedisease.Zhongspentdaysandnightstofindthecause____95____thedisease.Andwithhiswayoftreating,manypatientsbegantogetbetter.Zhongfinallywonpeople'strust.Inearly2020,adiseasecalledCOVID-19(新型冠状病毒肺炎)hitWuhan.Itspread____96____around,tensofthousandsofChinesepeoplewereinfected(感染).Zhong,84,led____97____teamtoWuhantofighttheillness.Zhong'steamtookmanymeasurestocurethepatients.Headvisedpeopletowearmasks,____98____handsfrequently(频繁地),stayathomeandnottogotocrowedplaces.Zhonglikessportsverymuch.____99____hewas67,hecouldstillplaybasketball.Nowattheageof84,Zhongstilltreatspatientsinthehospitaland____100____youngdoctors."Iamjustadoctor."Zhongsays.Butwethinkheisaheroandafighter.91.A.helped B.saved C.liked D.influenced92.A.tookout B.foundout C.gaveout D.brokeout93.A.patients B.adults C.animals D.birds94.A.kind B.poor C.brave D.silent95.A.with B.to C.of D.in96.A.quickly B.slowly C.safely D.luckily97.A.my B.his C.her D.their98.A.weigh B.pollute C.shake D.wash99.A.Since B.Although C.Unless D.Because100.A.thinks B.trusts C.teaches D.asks答案第=page11页,共=sectionpages22页参考答案:1.B2.A3.C4.D5.B6.A7.D8.B9.C10.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,向我们介绍了伟大的科学家袁隆平。1.句意:袁隆平不仅是一位著名的农业科学家,也是一位浪漫的丈夫和慈爱的祖父。beautiful美丽的;famous著名的;brave勇敢的;kind善良的。根据“YuanLongpingisnotonlya…scientistinagriculture”和常识可知,袁隆平是一位著名的农业科学家,故选B。2.句意:他被称为“杂交水稻之父”,他帮助无数人摆脱了饥饿。Father父亲;Mother母亲;Engineer工程师;Teacher老师。根据“Heisknownas…ofHybridRice”和常识可知,袁隆平是一位男性,被称为“杂交水稻之父”,故选A。3.句意:他被称为“杂交水稻之父”,他帮助无数人摆脱了饥饿。anger生气;illness疾病;hunger饥饿;pollution污染。根据“HybridRice(杂交水稻)whichpulledcountlesspeopleoutof…”和常识可知,杂交水稻帮助人们解决了饥饿问题,故选C。4.句意:一部纪录片记录了他的一些人生故事。wrote写;talked谈论;taught教;recorded记录。“Adocumentary(纪录片)…someofhislifestories.”可知,纪录片记录了他的故事,故选D。5.句意:在影片的开头,袁隆平的三个孙女回忆了关于她们祖父的故事,说祖父最关心的是她们的英语和数学学习。from来自;about关于;between在……之间;through通过。根据“Yuan’sthreegranddaughtersrecalled(回忆)stories…theirgrandfather”可知,是回忆关于祖父的故事,故选B。6.句意:孙辈们回忆说,当袁隆平和家人去香港旅行时,他想给妻子买一块新手表,但他没有买,因为太贵了……when当……时;where哪里;how如何;why为什么。根据“…YuantravelledtoHongKongwithhisfamily”可知,此处指当袁隆平和家人去香港旅行时,用when引导时间状语从句,故选A。7.句意:孙辈们回忆说,当袁隆平和家人去香港旅行时,他想给妻子买一块新手表,但他没有买,因为太贵了……send发送;give给;borrow借;buy买。根据“hetriedto…anewwatchforhiswife,buthedidn’t”可知,去香港时,想买一块表,故选D。8.句意:孙辈们回忆说,当袁隆平和家人去香港旅行时,他想给妻子买一块新手表,但他没有买,因为太贵了……cheap便宜的;expensive昂贵的;new新的;old旧的。根据“buthedidn’t,becauseitwastoo…”可知,没买表是因为太贵了,故选B。9.句意:袁隆平切了第一块蛋糕,马上给了他的妻子。bit一点;glass玻璃;piece块;drop滴。根据“Yuancutthefirst…ofcake”可知,此处是“一块蛋糕”,apieceofcake“一块蛋糕”,故选C。10.句意:这部纪录片还发现袁隆平开发了一个“锻炼项目”,在每天晚上8点和朋友玩麻将一小时来锻炼大脑,虽然他很忙。train训练;work工作;protect保护;make制作。根据“toplaymahjong(麻将)withfriendsforanhourat8p.m.everyeveningto…hisbrain”可知,是为了训练大脑,故选A。11.B12.A13.C14.A15.C16.C17.A18.B19.B20.A【解析】【分析】文章介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的相关信息。11.句意:他看到街上有许多饥饿的人手里拿着空碗。angry生气的;hungry饿的;rich富有的。根据“peopleholdingemptybowlsinthestreet在街上拿着空碗”可知,他看见了很多饥饿的人,故答案是B。12.句意:他还听说有些人甚至因为没有东西吃而死去。because因为;if如果;though虽然。根据语境可知,此处指的是因为没有东西吃而饿死,表因果关系,故答案是A。13.句意:他决定成为一名科学家来改变这种状况。refused拒绝;agreed同意;decided决定。根据上文可知,看见很多人因为没有东西吃而饿死,所以应该是袁隆平决定成为科学家解决这个问题,故答案是C。14.句意:他和他的团队做了很多实验来开发一种新的水稻。his他的;my我的;your你的。根据前面主语是he,此处指的应该是他和他的团队,故答案是A。15.句意:他们失败了很多次。explained解释;escaped逃脱;failed失败。根据下文“Buttheynevergaveup没有放弃”可知,此处应该是一次次失败,故答案是C。16.句意:他们在田地里一次又一次地尝试。of……的;but但是;and和。根据上文“Buttheynevergaveup没有放弃”可知,此处应该是一次又一次尝试,故答案是C。17.句意:最后,经过多年的努力,他们成功地培育出了超级杂交水稻。Finally最后;Properly正确地;Usually通常。根据下文“theysucceededingrowingsuperhybrid”可知,此处应该是最后成功了,故答案是A。18.句意:袁隆平非常高兴,因为他的梦想实现了。sad伤心的;glad高兴的;tired累的。根据上文“theysucceededingrowingsuperhybrid”可知,成功了当然很开心,故答案是B。19.句意:现在农民收获的稻米比以前多了。fruit水果;rice稻米;vegetables蔬菜。根据上文“theysucceededingrowingsuperhybrid(杂交)riceafteryearsofefforts”可知,是为了解决人们的温饱问题,所以应该是粮食比以前收获得更多了,故答案是B。20.句意:中国人民不会再挨饿了。from从;about关于;with具有、和。sufferfrom“受……折磨”是固定短语,故答案是A。【点睛】本题考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解,然后根据短文的大体意思,选择每个符合题意的答案,使短文更通顺。21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.D27.C28.A29.A30.B【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了“杂交水稻之父”——袁隆平在农业上对国家和人民做出的贡献。21.句意:他被称为“杂交水稻之父”,他帮助养活了世界各地的人们。support支持;guard守卫;feed喂养;educate教育。根据常识,他发明的杂交水稻,养活了许多人,避免了饥饿的问题,故选C。22.句意:袁隆平是第一个培育杂交水稻的人,这种杂交水稻帮助中国对抗饥饿。flood洪水;hunger饥饿;earthquake地震;nature自然。根据“developakindofhybridrice”可知,这种食物是可以抵抗饥饿,故选B。23.句意:但只有7%的农田。farmland农田;mountains山;grassland草原;forests森林。根据“FoodwasabigprobleminChinainthepast”及“ThiswasbecauseChinahad22percentoftheworld’spopulation”可知,在过去中国食物是一个大问题,人口多,农田少,故选A。24.句意:作为一名农学教师,袁隆平看到这一幕非常难过。angry生气的;interested感兴趣的;hopeful有希望的;sad难过的。根据“Millionsofpeoplediedbecausetheyhadnofood”可知,看到这么多人死于饥饿,他感到难过,故选D。25.句意:当时,其他科学家认为杂交水稻不值得研究。discussing讨论;studying研究;eating吃;reporting报告。根据“ButYuanandhisteamworkedoniteveryday”可知,其他人觉得不值得研究,而袁隆平每天和团队每天都在研究,故选B。26.句意:这种水稻很坚强的。expensive昂贵的;new新的;healthy健康的;strong坚强的。根据“Farmerscangrowitinmanydifferentkindsoffarmland”可知,这种水稻生命力很顽强,故选D。27.句意:农民可以在许多不同种类的农田和恶劣的天气中种植它。sea大海;villages村庄;weather天气;gardens花园。根据“inbad”可知,此处指在恶劣的天气中,故选C。28.句意:它的产量远远高于普通品种的水稻。greater更大的;smaller更小的;less更少的;slower更慢的。根据“Withthenewkind,about70,000,000peoplecouldhavefoodeveryyear”可知,它的产量比普通的水稻要大的多,故选A。29.句意:但当他很老的时候,他还在从事研究水稻的工作。still仍然;again再;hardly几乎不;even甚至。根据“YuansolvedthefoodprobleminChina”及“But”可知,虽然他已经解决了食物问题,但他还仍然在做研究水稻的工作,故选A。30.句意:袁隆平曾有两个梦想——享受比人高的稻谷下的清凉。heat高温;cool凉快;wealth财富;fame名声。根据“underthericecrops(庄稼)tallerthanmen”可知,在高高的稻谷下享受清凉,故选B。31.B32.C33.D34.B35.C36.B37.A38.C39.C40.C【解析】【分析】文章大意:短文主要讲了现在人类社会取得的很多进步,都是基于老一辈所做出的努力,文章还介绍了一些为人类社会做出极大贡献的人物。31.句意:换句话说,他的工作是建立在前人科学家的努力之上的。speakers演讲者;scientists科学家;doctors医生;engineers工程师。根据上文“Hesaidhesucceededbecausehe“stoodontheshouldersofgiants”.”他说他成功了是因为他“站在巨人的肩膀上”。换句话说,应是他的工作是建立在前人科学家的努力之上的,故选B。32.句意:所有的进步都是在老一辈人的努力基础上,来自于新一代。learns学会;goes去;comes来自;belongs属于。根据“Allprogress…fromthenewgenerations(一代人),”结合语境,可知此处考查固定词组comefrom,意为“来自”,故选C。33.句意:这些巨人之后的每一代都在继续建设这个国家。love爱;celebrate庆祝;create创造;build建立、建设。根据上文“MaoZedong,DengXiaopingandmanyothersbuiltthebasic.”毛泽东、邓小平和其他许多人建立了基础。可知这些巨人之后的每一代都在继续建设这个国家,故选D。34.句意:确保中国继续前进的重任将落在你们这一代身上。lookingaround环顾四周;movingforward向前发展;puttingdown放下;makingup构成、编造。根据上文这些巨人之后的每一代都在继续建设这个国家,结合“ItisgoingtobeuptoyourgenerationtomakesurethatChinakeeps….”可知是中国继续前进的重任将落在你们这一代身上,故选B。35.句意:如果你们强壮,中国就强壮。young年轻的;lovely可爱的;strong强壮的;quick快的。根据下文“Ifyouaregreat,Chinawillbegreat.”如果你们伟大,中国也将伟大。可知是如果你们强壮,中国就强壮,故选C。36.句意:如果你们为赢而努力,中国就一定会赢!differently不同地;surely一定;hardly几乎不;bravely勇敢地。根据上文语境,你们强,中国就强。你们伟大,中国也将伟大。因此如果你们为赢而努力,中国就一定会赢,故选B。37.句意:幸运的是,你过去有很多榜样可以学习。inthepast在过去;atpresent目前、现在;inthefuture在将来;allthetime一直。根据下文“Asforme,IadmireSongQinglingmost.”就我而言,我最佩服宋庆龄。可知是过去有很多榜样可以学习,故选A。38.句意:她在美国长大,说一口流利的英语。studied学习;stayed停留;grown长大的;educated受过教育的。根据下文“Shelivedarichlifethere,”她在那里过着富裕的生活,可知她是在美国长大的,故选C。39.句意:但她决定回到中国,并将她的一生奉献给帮助年轻人。thepoor穷人;therich富人;theyoung年轻人;theold老人。根据下文“calledher“Mum”inreturn”叫她“妈妈”作为报答,可知她回国帮助的是年轻人,故选C。40.句意:你可以站在她的肩膀上帮助孩子们,建设一个更美好的未来。feet脚;hands手;shoulders肩膀;head头。根据上文“Hesaidhesucceededbecausehe“stoodontheshouldersofgiants”.”他说他成功了是因为他“站在巨人的肩膀上”。可知此处指的是说站在她的肩膀上帮助孩子们,建设一个更美好的未来,故选C。41.D42.B43.C44.A45.A46.C47.B48.B49.D50.A【解析】【分析】本文向我们介绍了伟大的科学家爱因斯坦。41.句意:他就是爱因斯坦,世界上最著名的科学家之一。teachers教师;artists艺术家;farmers农民;scientists科学家。根据下文“ButEinsteinwasn’tjustascientist.”可知爱因斯坦是一位科学家。故选D。42.句意:2012年3月19日,爱因斯坦的一些个人科学研究论文首次在网上发表。closed关;put放;helped帮助;finished完成。根据下文online可知,此处表示“被放上网”,故选B。43.句意:他们让人们有机会更多地了解爱因斯坦本人。job工作;problem问题;chance机会;story故事;根据上文提及爱因斯坦的一些个人论文首次在网上发表,可推测出是这样让我们有机会了解这个人,所以用chance,故选C。44.句意:15岁时,爱因斯坦离开学校,和家人移居意大利。family家人;class班级;army军队;office办公室;根据“movedtoItaly”可知移居意大利应该是与家人一起,故选A。45.句意:他工作如此努力,在事业上取得了巨大成就。hard努力地;strangely奇怪地;carelessly粗心地;quietly安静地。此空修饰动词work,根据“...hemadegreatachievementsinhiscareer.”可推测工作努力才能取得成就,故选A。46.句意:然后再1921年他得到诺贝尔物理学奖。bought买;started开始;won赢得;helped帮助;根据宾语theNobelPrizeinPhysics可知赢得奖项,用动词win,故选C。47.句意:它告诉我们,时间可以变慢或加速,这取决于运动物体的速度。brokendown出故障;sloweddown减速;cutdown砍倒;takendown记下;根据“spedup”可知是加速,与之对应的应是减速,所以用sloweddown,故选B。48.句意:这一理论改变了人们理解宇宙的方式。heavily严重地;completely完全地;usually通常;badly非常。根据“Itshowstopeoplethattimecanbesloweddownorspedupdependingonthespeedofamovingobject.”可知爱因斯坦的相对论完全改变了人们的传统认知,故选B。49.句意:他也是一个普通人,过着丰富多彩的生活。foolish愚蠢的;lazy懒惰的;secret秘密;colorful多彩的;根据“HelikedplayingMozartonhisviolin,aswellashikingandwalking”可知他喜欢用小提琴演奏莫扎特,也喜欢散步,因此生活是多彩的。故选D。50.句意:爱因斯坦不太关心权力。care关心;think认为;worry担心;complain抱怨;talk谈论。careabout表示“关心”,故选A。51.B52.D53.A54.A55.B56.C57.D58.B59.A60.B61.C62.A63.D64.B65.C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了近代海洋学家雅克·库斯托的相关情况。51.句意:他的事业是他一生的梦想,他是近代最著名的海洋科学家之一。an不定冠词,用在以元音音素开头的单词前;a不定冠词,用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词;\零冠词。结合语境可知,库斯托的工作都是围绕“海洋”这样一个一生的梦想,这里用不定冠词表示泛指,“lifetime”以辅音音素开头,所以不定冠词用a。故选B。52.句意:他的事业是他一生的梦想,他是近代最著名的海洋科学家之一。famous著名的;thefamous特指;themorefamousthe+比较级;themostfamous最著名的。结合语境和空前后“oneof”以及“oceanscientists”可知,这里用“oneof+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”的结构。故选D。53.句意:库斯托很聪明,但他厌倦了学校,开始制造麻烦。but但是;because因为;though尽管;and和。结合语境可知,库斯托小时候很聪明,但是在学校里捣乱,空前后是转折关系。故选A。54.句意:他努力学习,所有科目都考得很好。hard努力地;hardly几乎不;muchhard表述不妥;muchhardly表述不妥。结合语境可知,库斯托在这所学校刻苦学习,所以成绩不错,本句用短语“studyhard努力学习”。故选A。55.句意:1933年,他担任法国海军的一名军官。like像;as作为;on在……之上;by由,被。结合语境可知,他曾是法国海军的军官,所以本句用短语“workas以……身份而工作”。故选B。56.句意:他在呼吸机上工作,以便在水下停留更长时间。staying动词ing;stayed过去式或过去分词;tostay动词不定式;tostaying介词to加动名词。结合语境可知,库斯托在呼吸机上工作是为了能在水下待更长的时间,所以用动词不定式表目的。故选C。57.句意:它于1943年完工。finishing动词ing;finishes动词三单;finish动词原形;wasfinished一般过去时的被动语态(三单形式)。结合语境可知,呼吸机在1943年被完成,所以本句用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。58.句意:即便如此,他仍继续探索海洋。continues一般现在时(三单);continued一般过去时;hadcontinued过去完成时;continuing动词ing。结合语境可知,本句用一般过去时表示过去发生的事情。故选B。59.句意:两年后,他成为法国海洋学运动的领导者。leader领导者;leads动词三单形式;leading动词ing;led过去式或过去分词。分析句子成分可知,这里应填名词;结合全文语境可知,因为库斯托对于海洋的热爱,所以他发起了海洋学运动,成为其领导者。故选A。60.句意:他还买了一艘船帮助他潜水。about关于;with在……方面;for给;through穿过。结合语境可知,库斯托买船是为了潜水,本句用短语“helpwith帮助做”。故选B。61.句意:为此,他制作了许多电影,包括《静谧的世界》(1956年)、《没有太阳的世界》(1966年)。what不引导定语从句;who先行词指人;which先行词指物;when先行词在定语从句中作时间状语。分析句子成分可知本句包含一个定语从句,先行词“films电影”指物,这里用which来引导定语从句。故选C。62.句意:他(出版)的其中一本书是《活跃的大海》(1963年)。is是,be动词的第三人称单数;are是,be动词的第二人称单复数;am是,be动词的第一人称单数;were是,are的过去式。根据前一句“Healsopublished(出版)anumberofbooks.”和主语“Oneofhisbooks”可知,库斯托出版的众多书籍中的一本是《活跃的大海》,“oneof…”作主语,谓语动词用单数。故选A。63.句意:它的工作是进一步研究海洋,鼓励人们帮助保护海洋和海洋中的生命。It’s它是;Itself它自己;It它;Its它的。结合语境和前一句“In1974,hefoundedtheCousteauSociety.”可知,库斯托协会的工作宗旨是研究和保护海洋等,所以这里用形容词性物主代词修饰空后名词“work”。故选D。64.句意:它的工作是进一步研究海洋,鼓励人们帮助保护海洋和海洋中的生命。us我们;them他们;you你(们);him他。结合语境和空前“protecttheoceansandthelifein”可知,库斯托协会鼓励人们保护众多海洋及其他们中的生命,所以这里用“他们”的宾格them。故选B。65.句意:库斯托因他的工作赢得了许多荣誉,包括自由勋章和1989年法国学院的成员资格。include动词原形;includes动词三单;including介词,包括……在内;included过去式或过去分词。分析语境和句子成分可知,库斯托赢得了包括自由勋章等在内的很多荣誉,所以这里用介词including。故选C。66.D67.B68.D69.A70.C71.B72.B73.B74.A75.B【解析】【分析】文章介绍了著名的科学家爱因斯坦以及他的相对论,还介绍了他的一些个性特征。66.句意:德国物理学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦以其惊人的发现改变了我们看待世界的方式,是科学界最著名的人物之一。on在……上面;in在……里面;about关于;with用;根据“weseetheworld”以及“hisamazingdiscoveries”可知,此处指的是用他的惊人的发现看待世界,故选D。67.句意:许多科学家试图证明他的理论是错误的,但他们没能做到。right正确的;wrong错误的;true对的;foolish愚蠢的;根据“Sowhatissospecialabouthistheory?Well,beforethetheoryofrelativity,everyonebelievedanotherscientistcalledIsaacNewton(1643-1727)andhistheory.”以及“Einsteinprovedthiswasnottrue.”可知,此处说的是很多科学家也想像他推翻牛顿的理论一样的推翻他的理论,证明他的理论是错误的,故选B。68.句意:他的实验结果表明,在不同的情况下,时间的流动是可以改变的。studies研究;shows展示;endings结果;results结果;根据“ofhisexperimentsshowedthat…”可知,此处说的是他的实验结果……,故选D。69.句意:根据这些不同的情况,时间可以移动得更慢或更快。depending依靠,现在分词或动名词;depended依靠,过去式;todepend依靠,不定式;depends依靠,动词三单;句中已经有谓语动词“is”,所以此处要用非谓语形式,且表达的是主动,所以用现在分词,故选A。70.句意:举个例子,如果一个人以光速旅行,而另一个人站着不动,以光速移动的人会比站着的人衰老得慢。although虽然;because因为;if如果;whether是否;根据“onepersonistravelingatthespeedoflightandanotherpersonisstandingstill,themanmovingatthespeedoflightwillageslowerthanthe…standingsill”可知,这里是一种假设的条件关系,所以用if引导条件状语从句,故选C。71.句意:举个例子,如果一个人以光速旅行,而另一个人站着不动,以光速移动的人会比站着的人衰老得慢。other其他的,后接复数名词;

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