2022-2023学年八年级英语上学期能力提升卷(仁爱版)Unit-4-Our-world(含详解)

2020-2021学年度仁爱版八年级英语上册Unit4Ourworld能力提升卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________第I卷（选择题）一、单选题（每小题1分,共10分) 1．（2019·河南川汇初二期末）Lilymovedtothecity3daysago.Nowshestillcan’tgetusedto____there.A．lives B．living C．tolive D．live2．（2019·河南川汇初二期末）Taiwanisabeautifulplace.Itis____thesoutheastofChina.A．in B．on C．to D．off3．（2019·湖北咸安初二期末）—It’snecessary____ourenvironment.—Iagreewithyou.A．protect B．protecting C．toprotect D．protects4．（2019·湖北咸安�初二期末）-HowcarefulJimis!-Hewrites____inourclass.A．morecareful B．mostcarefully C．mostcareful D．morecarefully5．（2019·山东初三课时练习）IfyouwanttogetmoreinformationaboutEnglishlearning,pleasevisitour_______.www.yyxx.cm.A．company B．storeC．office D．website6．（2019·全国课时练习）Don’tridetoofast,David._______theriskofanaccident.A．Takeaway B．Writedown C．Thinkabout D．Tryout7．（2019·全国初二单元测试）—_______isnoteasytodrawpictureswiththispen.—Youareright.A．There B．This C．That D．It8．（2019·全国初二单元测试）Annusedthecomputerforshopping,_______?A．usedshe B．usedn’tshe C．didshe D．didn’tshe9．（2019·全国初二单元测试）—TherearemanyoldhousesinBeijing,aren’tthere?—_______Onlyafewremainnow.A．Yes,theyare. B．No,theyaren’t.C．No,therearen’t. D．Yes,thereare.10．（2019·全国初二单元测试）Howterrible!Thetruckhitthewalltoavoidthechild.A．hurt B．tohurt C．hurts D．hurting二、完形填空（每小题1分,共10分)（2019·邢台市第二中学初二课时练习）Ineachcountry,therearesomeplacesofinterest,likeBigBeninBritain,theGreatWallinChinaandsoon.Soyoumust11theLeaningTowerofPisa(比萨斜塔).Butdoyouknowwhyitleans(倾斜)?Itleans12amistake.In1173,peopleof13wantedtobuildabelltower.Theywantedthetowertobe14belltowerinthewholecountry.Beforepeoplefinished15thethirdfloorofit,thetowerbegantolean.Peopletriedtomakethebuilding16again.However,astheyadded(增加)morefloors,thetoweronlygot17.It18almost180yearstofinishthetower.Today,theLeaningTowerhaseightfloors.It’s54.5meterstall,anditleansabout5meterstoone19.Ifsomeonecannotthinkoutagoodway20thetower,likealltheotheroldbuildings,it’llfallapart(倒塌)inthefuture.11．A．hear B．listen C．know D．learn12．A．because B．becauseof C．so D．as13．A．Pisa B．London C．Beijing D．NewYork14．A．thebeautiful B．themorebeautiful C．themostbeautiful D．mostbeautiful15．A．building B．tobuild C．built D．bebuilt16．A．lean B．straight C．straighter D．tolean17．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst18．A．spent B．cost C．used D．took19．A．bell B．side C．floor D．way20．A．tosave B．saves C．saving D．save三、阅读理解（每小题2分,共40分)A（2020·北京朝阳初二期末）HelptheAnimalsHipposarelargeanimalswithsmalleyesandears.InAfrica,theyliveintherivers.Buttheriversaredryingup.Thereareabout3,000hipposinthewildnow.Kakapoisthebiggestparrotintheworldanditlookslikeanowl(猫头鹰).Thisparrotcannotfly.Therats(老鼠)killedmanyofthiskindofparrots.Nowthereareonly100left.Amanateelooksabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal(海豹).Inordertolive,themanateesswimtowherethereismorewater.Manygetstranded(搁浅)andsomearekilled.Nowthereareabout6,600left.Theaye-ayehasearslikeabat(蝙蝠)andabodylikeacat.Peoplekilledmanyofthembecausetheythinkitbringsbadluck.Thereareonly32aye-ayeinthezoos.21．Wheredohipposlive?A．Inthesea B．Inthezoos. C．Intherivers D．Intheforests.22．Howmanykakaposareleftintheworld?A．Only32. B．Only100. C．About3,000. D．About6,600.23．Whatdoesamanateelooklike?A．Ithasearslikeabatandabodylikeacat.B．Itisabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal.C．Itisalargeanimalwithsmalleyesandears.D．Itisthebiggestparrotandlookslikeanowl.B（2019·河北路北初二期中）Whydoplantsgrowinsomeplacesandnotinothers?Whydoessomelandhavesomuchgrowingonit,whileotherlandhasalmostnoplantsgrowingonitatall?Togrow,plantsneedseveralthings.Oneiswarmth.Inverycoldplacesalmostnothinggrows.Plantsalsoneedwater.Inverydrypartsoftheearthonlyafewunusualplantscangrow.That’swhydrydesertseverywherearealmostnotcoveredbytreesorgrass.Plantsmustalsohaveaplaceinwhichtoputdowntheirrootsandgrow.Theyfinditdifficulttogrowonhardland.Thetownisbuiltonhardland.Theplantsherehaveonlythesoilfoundbetweenthecracks(缝隙)ofthestonestogrowin.Anotherthingplantsmusthavebeforetheycangrowisfood.Whatwillhappenifwetrytomakethingsgrowonthesandybeach?Afewplants,suchasbeachgrass,willgrowinsand,butmostplantswon’t.Eveniftheweatheriswarmenoughandwewatertheplantseachday,manyofthemwilldiebecausethesandonthisbeachhasalmostnofoodforplants.24．Accordingtothepassage,plantsneed________thingstogrowwell.A．two B．three C．four D．five25．Fromthepassage,wecanknowitis________forplantstogrowindryplaces.A．easy B．difficult C．impossible D．important26．Thereasonwhymostplantscan’tgrowonthesandybeachisthat________.A．thereisn’tenoughsunlight B．thereistoomuchwaterC．itistoocrowdedthere D．ithaslittlefoodforplantsC（2019·南京师范大学附属苏州石湖中学初二）Mr.WangisateacherfromSuzhou.HeaskedhisstudentstohandintheirhomeworkthroughaQRcode(二维码).“Wespentanhourortwoinclasslearninghowtogenerate(使产生)thecodes,andintheendeverythinggetseasier,”saidWang.“Whenstudentsfinishthehomework,theykeepitonWeChat(微信).Then,eachstudentmakeshisownQRcodeandgivesittome.SoIcanchecktheirworkeverywhereusingmycomputerortelephone.”TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Wangbyemail,QQandWeChat.WhenWangscans(扫描)hisstudents’QRcodes,theirhomeworkappearsonhisphone.Hefindsthattheirhomeworkbecomesmorecreative(创新的),withmanypictures,musicandevenvideos.Wang’sstudentslikethenewwayandthinkitisinteresting.“Wearelivingintheinformationage.Manystudentsliketoworkwithcomputers,whichmakeslearningmorefun.”saidTingting,astudentofWang’s.“Thepaperisnoteasytokeep,butthecodeiseasytokeepandshare.”Wangsaid.“Itisworthtryingtousenewtechnologyineducation.Educationitselfisakindofcreation.Idon’twantmystudentstofallbehindthetimes.”However,someparentsareworried.Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeoncomputersandlesstimecommunicatingwithteachers.Butinfact,it’sunnecessary.Studentsstillneedtolookupinformationinbooksandwriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.Theyonlyusethecodewhentheyhandintheirwork,whichdoesn’ttakethemtoomuchtime.Alsoforteachers,itallowsthemtocheckthestudents’workatanytime.Andit’salsoaneasywaytosharehomeworkwithotherstudents.27．Accordingtothepassage,studentscankeeptheirhomeworkon________.A．WeChat B．QQ C．email D．blog(博客)28．Wang’sstudentsthinkthenewwayis________.A．strange B．boring C．interesting D．unnecessary29．Whatdoes“it”inParagraph4referto(指代)?A．Thepaperisnoteasytokeep. B．Keepingandsharingthecodeeasily.C．Tryingtousenewtechnologyineducation. D．Educationitselfisakindofcreation.30．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Teachersneedn’tcheckhomeworkanymore.B．Studentsneedn'thandinhomeworkanymore.C．UsingQRcodesmakescheckinghomeworkeasier.D．Someparentsareworriedabouttheirchildren.D（2020·湖南广益实验中学初三开学考试）There'saheatthat'ssohotyoucanliterally(不加夸张地)fryanegginthesun.ThisisaserioussidetosummerinAustraliathatyoumightnotknowabout.InFebruarythereweremorethan80differentbushfiresburningatthesametimeinNewSouthWales,asoutheasternstateofAustralia.TheGuardiannewspaperreportedthat42homeswereburnedtothegroundbecauseofthesefires.ThesehomesarenotlikeChineseones.Theyarehugefarms.ManyAustralianpropertiesarelargerthan1,000sqkm,whilethebiggestismorethan20,000sqkm,evenlargerthanBeijing!Everyfamilypreparesforbushfireseasonandprotectstheirproperty.ButsometimesthefiresaretoobigandpeoplehavetomovetosafetyThehotweatheralsocausesotherproblems.ItwassohotinFebruarythatthousandsofbats(蝙蝠)diedfromtheheat.Peoplecangetsickiftheystayoutsidefortoolongordon'tdrinkenoughwaterTheheatcanalsocausepowerproblemsforhomesandbusinessesTheheat,whichcangoabove40℃insomecities,isverydangerous.Therearelotsoftreesanddrygrassinareasfarawaythatcaneasilycatchfire.Eventhrowingaburningcigaretteoutofacarwindowcanstartadangerousfire.Thatiswhysummerisalsoknownas"bushfireseason"inAustralia.TheAustraliansummerisenjoyable.Butitisworthrememberingthattheheatcancauselotsofproblems,too.31．Accordingtothesecondandthirdparagraphs,weknowthat________.A．bushfireshappenmoreoftenonfarmsB．bushfirescancauseahugelosstopeopleC．Australianpeopleareveryrichbecauseoftheirlargefarms.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“properties”inPara.2probablymeaninChinese?A．房产 B．山林 C．水域33．ThehotweatherinAustraliacanbringthefollowingproblemsEXCEPTthat________.A．batscandie B．electricitycangoout C．drinkingwaterrunsout34．What’sthemainideaofthefifthparagraph?A．Therearemorefireaccidentsinareasfaraway.B．Itisdangeroustosmokeinaforest.C．BushfiresinAustraliaarecommoneventsinsummer.35．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．ThehighheatisoneofthecausesofbushfiresinAustralia.B．Peoplehavenowaytofightagainstbushfires.C．TheweatherchangesalotinAustralia.E（2019·莆田市秀屿区下屿初级中学初二课时练习）Howdoanimalscommunicate(交流)witheachother?Theyhavespecial“languages”.Infact,theyareusingsignals(信号).Differentsignalshavedifferentmeanings.Forexample,whenabee(蜜蜂)findsfoodsomewhere,itflieshomequickly.Itcan’tspeak,butitcantellothersbydancing.Otherbeeswillknowwhereandhowfarthefoodis.Someanimalsshowtheirfeelingsbymakingsounds.Forexample,whenadogisangry,itbarks(吠).Atthistime,you’dbetterstayawayfromit.Birdscanmakeseveralsoundstoshowdifferentmeanings.Sometimeswehumansshowfeelingsbymakingsoundsinsteadofbyspeaking.Forexample,whenwefeelpainful(疼痛的),wecry“Oh!”or“Ouch!”.Wehumanshavelanguagesandwords.Wecancommunicatefacetofacebyspeaking.Wecanwritedownwhathappenedinordertorememberclearly.Wecanalsosend(寄)messagestopeoplefaraway.Butanimalscan’t.根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。36．Humansandanimalsbothhavetheirownlanguages.37．Abeecantellothersthemessagesbysingingsongs.38．Birdscanmakedifferentsoundstoshowdifferentmeanings.39．Alltheanimalscancommunicatewithothersfaraway.40．Whenadogisnothappy,you’dbetterkeepawayfromit.四、选择方框中的句子完成对话，其中有两项多余。（每小题2分,共10分)（2019·邢台市第二中学初二课时练习）A:IwanttospendmysummerholidaysinXiamen.41．B:No,it’snottoohot.A:42．B:Yes,Ilikethecityverymuch.It’sbecomingoneofthemostmoderncitiesintheworld.A:43．B:Thecityiscleanandbeautiful.Therearelongbeachesbythesea.Thepeoplearekind,too.A:44．B:Ofcourse.It’llmakeyoufeelcool.A:Howcool!Swimmingintheseamustbemorewonderful.B:I’msureyou’llhaveagoodtimethere.A:Wouldyoupleasegowithme?B:45．A:Whatapity!A．Ilikethecityverymuch.B．Isithotthereinsummer?C．CanIswimthere?D．Doyouknowaboutit?E.Sorry.Ihavenotime.F.Doyoulikethecity?G.Whatdoyouthinkofthecity?第=2\*ROMANII卷（非选择题）五、任务型阅读（每小题1分,共10分)（2020·江苏高港初二期中）Wegotoschooleverydayandenjoyourschoollife.Schoollifeisusuallyfulloffun,andtheschoolseemstobethesafestplaceintheworld.Butdoyouknowthatourschoollifecouldbedangerousifwearenotcarefulenough?Howdowemaketheschoolsaferandkeepusawayfromdanger?Herearesometipsforustobesafeinaneasyway.Forexample,wemustremembersomeimportantrulesintheplayground.Beforewedosports,weneedtodosomewarmupactivities,andafterthatweshoulddrinksomewater.Andintheclassroom,weneedtolearnhowbehavewell.Don’truninthehallways.Wemustn’tfightwithorrunaftereachother.Andteachersneedtokeepaneyeonthestudentsafterclassandstopthemfromrunning.Westudentsshouldremembernottobenaughtyandgetourselvesintotrouble.What’smore,wecanhavesomepracticetolearntoprotectourselvesfromafire.Inthisway,wecanknowwheretogoifthereisafireinourschool.Weshouldlearntousethefireextinguisher(灭火器)too,Idon’tthinkweshouldputoutafirebyourselves,becauseitistoodangerousforyoungstudents.Well,Ithinkallofusshouldthinkmoreofoursafetyinschool.Howtokeep46．intheschoolIntheplaygroundDosomewarmupactivities47．doingsportsDrinksomewater48．doingsports.Inthe49．Don’truninthehallways.Teachersneedto50．theirstudentscarefully.Don’t51．withorchaseeachother.52．safetyTakepartinthe53．aboutsavingourselvesoutofafire.Don’ttrytoputoutthefire54．Conclusion55．needstothinkmoreofsafetyandbecareful.六、用所给单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分,共5分)56．（2020·全国初二课时练习）Youcanbuyclothesthemost________(cheap)inthisstore.57．（2020·全国初二课时练习）Nancychosetheclothesthemost________(careful)atthemall.58．（2020·全国初二课时练习）Mikedid________(badly)thanJohninthebikeriding.59．（2020·全国初二课时练习）Ofallthestudents,Tomdid________(badly)inthespeechcompetition.60．（2018·江苏建邺南师附中新城初中初二其他）Kitty,whojumps_________(far)inyourclass?七、书面表达（共15分)61．（2020·河北石家庄新世纪外国语学校初二期中）新冠肺炎（NCP）肆虐全球，全国人民众志成城，抗击疫情，值此危难之际，作为中学生，我们该怎样做？请写一篇80词左右的文章，内容包括以下几方面：(文章开头和结尾已给出)1.WhatwereyourfamilydoingwhenyouheardthenewsaboutNCPonTV?2.WhatdidZhongNanshanadvisepeopletodo?(洗手、居家等)3.WhatdidChinesepeopledotofightagainstNCP?(主要介绍医生护士)4.Whatshouldthestudentsdonow?(从学习、锻炼、健康饮食等)OnJanuary21,2020,theTVreportedthatNCPhadstartedinWuhan,China.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AlthoughNCP(新冠肺炎)hasabiginfluenceonourlives,itbringsChinesepeopleclosertogether.

2020-2021学年度仁爱版八年级英语上册Unit4Ourworld能力提升卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________第I卷（选择题）一、单选题（每小题1分,共10分) 1．（2019·河南川汇初二期末）Lilymovedtothecity3daysago.Nowshestillcan’tgetusedto____there.A．lives B．living C．tolive D．live【答案】B【解析】句意：莉莉三天前搬到城里去了。现在她仍然不习惯住在那里。A.lives居住，单三形式； B.living居住，动名词或现在分词形式； C.tolive居住，动词不定式； D.live居住，动词原形。考查动词形式辨析。getusedto习惯于做某事，后接动名词短语。根据句意结构，故选B。【点睛】use有三个常见结构：getusedto(prep.)+n./pron./v.-ing习惯于……；usedtodosth.过去常常做……（现在不做了）；beusedtodosth.被用来做……，都是固定短语。2．（2019·河南川汇初二期末）Taiwanisabeautifulplace.Itis____thesoutheastofChina.A．in B．on C．to D．off【答案】A【解析】句意：台湾是个美丽的地方。它在中国东南部。考查介词辨析。in表示“在某一范围内”；on表示“在某一范围外，接壤”；to表示“在某一范围外，不接壤”；off离开。台湾是中国不可分割的一部分，是在中国范围内，应用in。根据句意语境，故选A。3．（2019·湖北咸安初二期末）—It’snecessary____ourenvironment.—Iagreewithyou.A．protect B．protecting C．toprotect D．protects【答案】C【解析】句意：——保护我们的环境是必要的。——我同意你的看法。考查it固定结构。本句是固定句型“It’s+adj.+todosth.”结构，表示“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，todosth.是真正的主语。根据句意结构，故选C。【点睛】当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。“It+be+adj.<for(of)sb.>todosth.（某人）做某事是……的”是一种常见结构，介词of与for的区别是：of用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对……来说”。4．（2019·湖北咸安�初二期末）-HowcarefulJimis!-Hewrites____inourclass.A．morecareful B．mostcarefully C．mostcareful D．morecarefully【答案】B【解析】句意：吉姆多仔细呀！他是我们班最仔细的A.morecareful比较仔细的，形容词的比较级；B.mostcarefully最仔细地，副词的最高级；C.mostcareful最仔细的，形容词的最高级；D.morecarefully比较仔细地，副词的比较级。根据inourclass知用最高级；排除AD；又因为该空修饰动词write,故使用副词，排除C，选B。5．（2019·山东初三课时练习）IfyouwanttogetmoreinformationaboutEnglishlearning,pleasevisitour_______.www.yyxx.cm.A．company B．storeC．office D．website【答案】D【解析】试题分析：company公司；store商店，仓库；office办公室；website网站。句意；如果你想获得更多的关于英语学习的信息，请访问我们的网站.故选D。6．（2019·全国课时练习）Don’tridetoofast,David._______theriskofanaccident.A．Takeaway B．Writedown C．Thinkabout D．Tryout【答案】C【解析】句意：别骑得太快，大卫。考虑一下车祸的风险。考查动词短语。A.Takeaway带走；B.Writedown写下；C.Thinkabout考虑；D.Tryout试穿。根据前文Don’tridetoofast可知，不能骑太快是为了考虑出车祸。故选C。【点睛】关于think的短语1、thinkof记起，想起；考虑；想像；关心例句：Ican'tthinkofthewordfor“love”inFrench.我想不起法语的“爱”是怎么说的了。2、thinkabout考虑例句：Perhapsweoughttothinkaboutthisagain.也许我们应该重新考虑一下这件事。3、thinkover仔细考虑；重新考虑例句：KissingeraskedNixonforaweektothinkoverit.基辛格要求尼克松给他一个星期的时间来考虑。4、thinkaloud边想边说出，自言自语例句：AfriendisonebeforewhomImaythinkaloud.朋友就是我可以在其面前自言自语的人。7．（2019·全国初二单元测试）—_______isnoteasytodrawpictureswiththispen.—Youareright.A．There B．This C．That D．It【答案】D【解析】句意：——用这支笔画画是不容易的。——你是正确的。A.There在那儿；B.This这个；C.That那个；D.It它。考查固定句型。It’s+adj.todosth.做……是怎么样的。it这里是形式主语，为了避免句子头重脚轻。根据题意，故选D。8．（2019·全国初二单元测试）Annusedthecomputerforshopping,_______?A．usedshe B．usedn’tshe C．didshe D．didn’tshe【答案】D【解析】句意：Ann用电脑去购物，是不是？此处use...for...用……来(做某事),句中used是过去式,反意疑问句，一般遵循前面是肯定陈述句，后面是否定一般疑问句。反之亦然。所以应借助助动词did,根据“前肯后否”原则，故选D。9．（2019·全国初二单元测试）—TherearemanyoldhousesinBeijing,aren’tthere?—_______Onlyafewremainnow.A．Yes,theyare. B．No,theyaren’t.C．No,therearen’t. D．Yes,thereare.【答案】C【解析】句意：——在北京有许多旧房子，是不是？——不，没有，现在只剩下少数了。考查反意疑问句的回答。从最后一句的意思:“仅有一些还存留着,”故上句应是否定的。又由于上句是therebe句型，排除AB，这里是否定回答用No,therearen’t.不，没有。故选C。10．（2019·全国初二单元测试）Howterrible!Thetruckhitthewalltoavoidthechild.A．hurt B．tohurt C．hurts D．hurting【答案】D【解析】句意：多么可怕！卡车为了避免伤到孩子撞到了墙上。avoiddoingsth.避免做某事。结合句意可知，答案为D。二、完形填空（每小题1分,共10分)（2019·邢台市第二中学初二课时练习）Ineachcountry,therearesomeplacesofinterest,likeBigBeninBritain,theGreatWallinChinaandsoon.Soyoumust11theLeaningTowerofPisa(比萨斜塔).Butdoyouknowwhyitleans(倾斜)?Itleans12amistake.In1173,peopleof13wantedtobuildabelltower.Theywantedthetowertobe14belltowerinthewholecountry.Beforepeoplefinished15thethirdfloorofit,thetowerbegantolean.Peopletriedtomakethebuilding16again.However,astheyadded(增加)morefloors,thetoweronlygot17.It18almost180yearstofinishthetower.Today,theLeaningTowerhaseightfloors.It’s54.5meterstall,anditleansabout5meterstoone19.Ifsomeonecannotthinkoutagoodway20thetower,likealltheotheroldbuildings,it’llfallapart(倒塌)inthefuture.11．A．hear B．listen C．know D．learn12．A．because B．becauseof C．so D．as13．A．Pisa B．London C．Beijing D．NewYork14．A．thebeautiful B．themorebeautiful C．themostbeautiful D．mostbeautiful15．A．building B．tobuild C．built D．bebuilt16．A．lean B．straight C．straighter D．tolean17．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst18．A．spent B．cost C．used D．took19．A．bell B．side C．floor D．way20．A．tosave B．saves C．saving D．save短文大意：本文是文化类阅读，介绍了世界著名建筑比萨斜塔的建造历史和倾斜原因。指出，如果有人想不出一个好办法来拯救这座塔，就像所有其他的老建筑一样，它将来会倒塌的。11．C【解析】句意：所以你一定知道比萨斜塔。考查动词辨析。A.听到；B.听，listen和介词to连用可接宾语；C.知道；D.学习。but表转折，根据下文Butdoyouknowwhyitleans?可知know符合句意。故选C。12．B【解析】句意：它倾斜是因为一个错误。考查连词短语辨析。四个选项都表因果，because（因为）、so（所以）和as（由于）都接句子，可排除。becauseof后接短语，根据句意结构，可知选B。13．A【解析】句意：1173年，比萨人想建造一座钟楼。考查名词辨析。A.比萨；B.伦敦；C.北京；D.纽约。根据SoyoumustknowtheLeaningTowerofPisa.可知选A。14．C【解析】句意：他们希望这座塔成为全国最漂亮的钟楼。考查形容词最高级。beautiful是多音节形容词，最高级需用most；定冠词the修饰最高级，根据句意语法，可知选C。15．A【解析】句意：人们还没建完第三层楼，塔就开始倾斜了。考查动词形式辨析。finishdoing完成做某事，固定结构；根据句意结构，可知选A。16．B【解析】句意：人们试图把这座建筑物再理直。考查形容词辨析。make是使役动词，“makesth.+adj.”表示“让某物处于某种状态”，是固定结构；C项是比较级，D项是不定式，都可排除。lean倾斜的，straight直的；again又/再，根据句意语境，可知是想把它重新弄直，故选B。17．C【解析】句意：然而，随着楼层的增加，这座塔只会变得更糟（更倾斜）。考查形容词比较级。get是表变化系动词，需接形容词，badly（更坏地）是副词，可排除。根据get可知和前面是比较关系，形容词bad需用比较级worse，故选C。18．D【解析】句意：这座塔花了将近180年才建成。考查动词辨析。四个选项都可表示“花费”，但本句是固定句型“Ittakessb+时间段+todosth.”结构，表示“某人做某事花了……时间”。根据句意结构，可知选D。19．B【解析】句意：它有54.5米高，向一侧倾斜约5米。考查名词辨析。A.钟；B.侧；C.层；D.小路。建筑物倾斜都是向一边倾斜，根据句意语境，可知ACD三项意思都不合句意，故选B。20．A【解析】句意：如果有人想不出一个好办法来拯救这座塔，就像所有其他的老建筑一样，它将来会倒塌的。考查动词形式辨析。save拯救；本句用不定式表目的，根据句意结构和语境，可知选A。【点睛】完形填空。主要题型有（1）考查词义辨析：名词辨析，形容词副词辨析，冠词辨析，介词连词辨析等；（2）考查句子时态，语态，要根据语境，选择正确的时态和语态的选项；（3）考查从句（宾语从句，定语从句，主语从句等）；（4）根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。本题主要考查单词或短语辨析，做此类型题时，要知道每一个词的意义，然后结合上下文背景语境，选择适合语境的选项。例如小题8，考查动词辨析。四个选项都可表示“花费”，但本句是固定句型“Ittakessb+时间段+todosth.”结构，表示“某人做某事花了……时间”；根据句意结构，可知选D。三、阅读理解（每小题2分,共40分)A（2020·北京朝阳初二期末）HelptheAnimalsHipposarelargeanimalswithsmalleyesandears.InAfrica,theyliveintherivers.Buttheriversaredryingup.Thereareabout3,000hipposinthewildnow.Kakapoisthebiggestparrotintheworldanditlookslikeanowl(猫头鹰).Thisparrotcannotfly.Therats(老鼠)killedmanyofthiskindofparrots.Nowthereareonly100left.Amanateelooksabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal(海豹).Inordertolive,themanateesswimtowherethereismorewater.Manygetstranded(搁浅)andsomearekilled.Nowthereareabout6,600left.Theaye-ayehasearslikeabat(蝙蝠)andabodylikeacat.Peoplekilledmanyofthembecausetheythinkitbringsbadluck.Thereareonly32aye-ayeinthezoos.21．Wheredohipposlive?A．Inthesea B．Inthezoos. C．Intherivers D．Intheforests.22．Howmanykakaposareleftintheworld?A．Only32. B．Only100. C．About3,000. D．About6,600.23．Whatdoesamanateelooklike?A．Ithasearslikeabatandabodylikeacat.B．Itisabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal.C．Itisalargeanimalwithsmalleyesandears.D．Itisthebiggestparrotandlookslikeanowl.文章大意：本文主要向我们介绍了河马、鸮鹦鹉、海牛、狐猴的一些情况和现状。21．C【解析】细节理解题。根据Hipposarelargeanimalswithsmalleyesandears.InAfrica,theyliveintherivers.河马是大动物，眼睛和耳朵都很小。在非洲，它们生活在河流里。可知，河马生活在河里，故答案选C。22．B【解析】细节理解题。根据Theratskilledmanyofthiskindofparrots.Nowthereareonly100left.老鼠杀死了许多这种鹦鹉。现在只剩下100只了。可知，世界上还剩下100只鸮鹦鹉，故答案选B。23．B【解析】细节理解题。根据Amanateelooksabitlikeahippoandabitlikeaseal.海牛看起来有点像河马，又有点像海豹。可知，海牛有点像河马，又有点像海豹，故答案选B。B（2019·河北路北初二期中）Whydoplantsgrowinsomeplacesandnotinothers?Whydoessomelandhavesomuchgrowingonit,whileotherlandhasalmostnoplantsgrowingonitatall?Togrow,plantsneedseveralthings.Oneiswarmth.Inverycoldplacesalmostnothinggrows.Plantsalsoneedwater.Inverydrypartsoftheearthonlyafewunusualplantscangrow.That’swhydrydesertseverywherearealmostnotcoveredbytreesorgrass.Plantsmustalsohaveaplaceinwhichtoputdowntheirrootsandgrow.Theyfinditdifficulttogrowonhardland.Thetownisbuiltonhardland.Theplantsherehaveonlythesoilfoundbetweenthecracks(缝隙)ofthestonestogrowin.Anotherthingplantsmusthavebeforetheycangrowisfood.Whatwillhappenifwetrytomakethingsgrowonthesandybeach?Afewplants,suchasbeachgrass,willgrowinsand,butmostplantswon’t.Eveniftheweatheriswarmenoughandwewatertheplantseachday,manyofthemwilldiebecausethesandonthisbeachhasalmostnofoodforplants.24．Accordingtothepassage,plantsneed________thingstogrowwell.A．two B．three C．four D．five25．Fromthepassage,wecanknowitis________forplantstogrowindryplaces.A．easy B．difficult C．impossible D．important26．Thereasonwhymostplantscan’tgrowonthesandybeachisthat________.A．thereisn’tenoughsunlight B．thereistoomuchwaterC．itistoocrowdedthere D．ithaslittlefoodforplants本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了植物生长需要的东西。24．C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Togrow,plantsneedseveralthings.Oneiswarmth.”和“Plantsalsoneedwater.”和“Plantsmustalsohaveaplaceinwhichtoputdowntheirrootsandgrow.”和“Anotherthingplantsmusthavebeforetheycangrowisfood.”可知，植物要生长好需要温暖，水，可以扎根生长的地方，养料，因此一共是四样东西，故选C。25．B【解析】推理判断题。根据“Inverydrypartsoftheearthonlyafewunusualplantscangrow.That’swhydrydesertseverywherearealmostnotcoveredbytreesorgrass.”可知，植物在干旱的地方很难生长，故选B。26．D【解析】细节理解题。根据“Eveniftheweatheriswarmenoughandwewatertheplantseachday,manyofthemwilldiebecausethesandonthisbeachhasalmostnofoodforplants.”可知，大多数植物不能在沙滩上生长的原因是它缺少植物的养料。故选D。C（2019·南京师范大学附属苏州石湖中学初二）Mr.WangisateacherfromSuzhou.HeaskedhisstudentstohandintheirhomeworkthroughaQRcode(二维码).“Wespentanhourortwoinclasslearninghowtogenerate(使产生)thecodes,andintheendeverythinggetseasier,”saidWang.“Whenstudentsfinishthehomework,theykeepitonWeChat(微信).Then,eachstudentmakeshisownQRcodeandgivesittome.SoIcanchecktheirworkeverywhereusingmycomputerortelephone.”TheQRcodescanbesenttoMr.Wangbyemail,QQandWeChat.WhenWangscans(扫描)hisstudents’QRcodes,theirhomeworkappearsonhisphone.Hefindsthattheirhomeworkbecomesmorecreative(创新的),withmanypictures,musicandevenvideos.Wang’sstudentslikethenewwayandthinkitisinteresting.“Wearelivingintheinformationage.Manystudentsliketoworkwithcomputers,whichmakeslearningmorefun.”saidTingting,astudentofWang’s.“Thepaperisnoteasytokeep,butthecodeiseasytokeepandshare.”Wangsaid.“Itisworthtryingtousenewtechnologyineducation.Educationitselfisakindofcreation.Idon’twantmystudentstofallbehindthetimes.”However,someparentsareworried.Theyareafraidthattheirchildrenwillspendtoomuchtimeoncomputersandlesstimecommunicatingwithteachers.Butinfact,it’sunnecessary.Studentsstillneedtolookupinformationinbooksandwriteitdownwhentheydotheirhomework.Theyonlyusethecodewhentheyhandintheirwork,whichdoesn’ttakethemtoomuchtime.Alsoforteachers,itallowsthemtocheckthestudents’workatanytime.Andit’salsoaneasywaytosharehomeworkwithotherstudents.27．Accordingtothepassage,studentscankeeptheirhomeworkon________.A．WeChat B．QQ C．email D．blog(博客)28．Wang’sstudentsthinkthenewwayis________.A．strange B．boring C．inter