江苏省南通市田家炳中学2019-2020学年八年级上学期期末英语试题(解析版)_第1页
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田家炳中学2019-2020学年第一学期期末考试初二英语单项选择1.—What______awfulweatheritis!—Yes,butIlove______airafteritrains.Itsmellssofresh.A.the;an B.an;the C./;the D.an;/【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:——多糟糕的天气啊!——是的,但我喜欢下雨后的空气。闻起来很新鲜。考查冠词。a/an一个,不定冠词,表泛指;the,定冠词,表特指;/,零冠词;根据句意理解可知,第一空是修饰后面的名词weather,是一个不可数名词,所以不需要用冠词,而第二空修饰的是air,而后面的afteritrains是用来修饰air,所以这里的air表示特指,所以要用定冠词the,故选C。【点睛】英语中不可数名词前一般不用冠词,而如果是被其他词或短语修饰的词表示特指时就要用定冠词the。2.Helikecoffee.Iseehimdrinkacupattimes.A.must B.may C.can’t D.mustn’t【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:他可能喜欢咖啡。我看见他有时喝一杯。A.must必须;B.may可能;C.can’t不能;D.mustn’t禁止。根据下文Iseehimdrinkacupattimes.可知上文是可能喝咖啡。根据题意,故选B。3.---Doyoudrinkmuchcoffeeasbefore?---No,_______atall.Mysleepingproblemisgettingworse.A.none B.littleC.nothing D.anything【答案】A【详解】试题分析:句意:--你还像以前一样喝那么多咖啡吗?—不了,一点也不喝了,我的睡觉问题变得更加糟糕了。noneatall一点也不,强调量上没有;nothingatall一无所有;上句问的喝的多少,是叙述的量的大小。根据句意故选A。4.—Sam,doyouhavethesamehobbyasyourtwinbrother’s?—Well,Ilikefishing______helikesplayingbasketball.A.so B.or C.while D.for【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:——山姆,你和你孪生兄弟有同样的爱好吗?——嗯,我喜欢钓鱼,而他喜欢打篮球。考查连词。so所以;or或者;while然而;for为了;根据句意理解可知,Ilikefishing与helikesplayingbasketball.之间是转折关系,所以应该用转折关系的连词,这里转折关系的连词是while,故选C。【点睛】while作为连词的意思要注意。如果引导时间状语从句,表示的是“当……时”,如果引导并列句,则表达的是“然而”,做题要注意。5.Mrs.Wangbroughtherthree-year-olddaughtertothecinema,butthelittlegirlcouldn’tsit______thewholefilm.A.during B.through C.with D.over【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:王小姐带她三岁的女儿到电影院,但是这个小女孩在整个电影的整个过程中都没有坐着。考察介词。during在……期间;through穿过,自始至终;with有;over在……上方;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“自始至终”,英语中through除了有“从……穿过”的意思,同时还有“自始自终,从头到尾”的意思,故选B。6.Don’tstop_______yourdictionaryeverytimeyoumeetanewwordwhilereading.A.using B.use C.used D.touse【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:不要每次在阅读时遇到生词就停下来用字典。考查非谓语。using使用,现在分词或动名词结构;use使用,动词原形;used使用,过去式;touse使用,不定式;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“停下来去做某事”,英语是stoptodosth,所以这里应该用不定式做宾语,故选D。【点睛】英语中有些词后面可以接todo,也可以接doing,但表达的意思完全不同,做题时要根据句子语境来判断用哪个。比如本题中stop后面可以接todo,也可以接doing,stoptodo表示“停下来去做某事”,而stopdoing表示“停止做某事”,两个意思完全不同,所以做题时要根据句意表达来区分。7.Jimhas______friendsinhisclass.Heisnewhere.A.themost B.thebest C.theleast D.thefewest【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:吉姆在班上朋友最少。他是新来的。考查形容词最高级。themost最多;thebest最好;theleast最少,修饰不可数名词;thefewest最少,修饰可数名词复数;根据句意理解及后句Heisnewhere.可知,这里表达的是“有最少的朋友”,friends是复数名词,修饰可数名词复数要用few,故选D。8.—Whatwereyoudoing______yourmothercameback?—Iwasdoingmyhomework,ofcourse.A.during B.after C.while D.when【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:——你妈妈回来的时候你在做什么?——我当然在做作业。考查连词。during在……期间;after在……之后;while……时;when当……时;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“当……时”,这是过去进行时中的用法,表示当一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行,when后面可以接延续性动作,也可以接短暂性动作,while后面只能接延续性动作,而从句的动作是短暂性的,所以应该用when引导,故选D。【点睛】英语中when和while都可以用于过去进行时中,表达当一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行,when后面可以接延续性动作,也可以接短暂性动作,while后面只能接延续性动作,做题时要区分引导的从句动作是延续性还是短暂性。9.Wewon’tvisitYanchengNatureReserveifit______tomorrow.A.israiny B.willrain C.won’train D.isn’train【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:如果明天下雨,我们就不去盐城自然保护区了。考查主将从现。israiny是有雨的;willran将要下雨;won’train将不会下雨;isn’train结构错误;根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,这里是主将从现的用法,所以从句中应该用现在时,所以排除B/C选项,而D选项错误,故选A。【点睛】英语中在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中一般会用到“主将从现”的用法。即主句用将来时,结构是will+动词原形;从句用一般现在时,结构是动词原形或三单形式;做题要根据从句主语判断用原形还是三单。10.______exercise,andyouwillbehealthier.A.Tokeep B.Keep C.Keeping D.Kept【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:坚持锻炼,你就会更健康。考查祈使句。Tokeep保持,不定式;Keep保持,动词原形;Keeping保持,现在分词或动名词;Kept保持,过去式;根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知,这里是祈使句,英语中祈使句是以动词原形开头的句子,故选B。11.Tonydoesn’tdowellinPE.He’dbetter______swimmingeveryweek.A.practise B.notpractise C.topractise D.nottopractise【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:托尼体育不好。他最好每周练习游泳。考查固定结构。practise练习,动词原形;notpractise不要练习,否定形式;topractise练习,不定式;nottopractise不要练习,不定式否定形式;根据句句子结构分析可知,这里表达的是“最好做某事”,英语是固定结构hadbetterdosth,所以空格处应该用原形,再由句意可知,这里表达的是肯定意思,故选A。12.Theflood______theoldbridgeoverthesmallriver.Youcan’tgettotheothersidenow.A.putaway B.keptaway C.washedaway D.movedaway【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:洪水冲走了小河上的旧桥。你现在不能到对岸去。考查动词短语。putaway把……收起来放好;keptaway远离;washedaway冲走;movedaway搬离别处去;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“把桥冲走”,所以应该用washedaway,故选C。13.Ioftenwatchthesun______intheeastinthemorning.A.rise B.rises C.rising D.rose【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:我经常早晨看太阳从东方升起。考查非谓语动词。rise上升,动词原形;rises上升,动词三单;rising上升,现在分词或动名词;rose上升,过去式;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“看到某人做某事”,英语是watchsbdo/doing,而句中有often,表达的是动作经常发生,所以这里应该用省略to的不定式做宾语补足语,故选A。14.—HowcanIimprovemyEnglish,MissWu?—Ittakestime.IfyoureadEnglisheveryday,youwillfindit______.A.easy B.moreeasily C.easier D.easily【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:——吴老师,我怎样才能提高我的英语水平?——这需要时间。如果你每天读英语,你会发现它更容易。考查形容词比较级。easy容易得;moreeasily更容易地;easier更容易的;easily容易地;根据句意理解可知,这里表达“发现英语更容易”,句中隐含着与之前的比较,所以这里应该用比较级,而空格是修饰it,所以应该用形容词做宾语补足语,故选C。15.----Youmusthandinyourreporttomorrow.----What?.Wecan'tfinishitthatquickly.A.Noway B.Noproblem C.That'sright D.That'sforsure【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:——你明天必须交报告。——什么?不行,我们不能这么快完成。考查日常交际用语。A.Noway没门,表拒绝;B.Noproblem没问题,表同意;C.That'sright很对,表赞同;D.That'sforsure那是肯定的。根据下文Wecan'tfinishitthatquickly.,可知是拒绝,故选A。完型填空Dadhadagreencomb.HeboughtitwhenhemarriedMum.Everynight,hewouldhandmehis____16____andsay,"Goodgirl,helpDaddycleanit,OK?"Iwas____17____todoit.Atagefive,thisdulltaskbroughtmesuchjoy.Iwouldexcitedlyturnthetap____18____andbrushthecombcarefully.SatisfiedthatI'ddoneagoodjob,IwouldhappilyreturnthecombtoDad.Hewouldsmileatmeandplacethecombonhis____19____.Twoyearslater,Dadstartedhisown____20____,whichwasn'tdoingsowell.Thatwaswhenthingsstartedto____21____.Daddidn'tcomehomeasearlyandasmuchasheusedto.MumandIbecamewithhimforplacingourfamilyintrouble.With____22____,anuncomfortablesilencegrewbetweenus.Aftermygraduation,Dad'sbusinesswasgettingbackontrack.Onmy28thbirthday,Dadcamehomeearly.Asusual,Ihelpedhimcarryhisbagsintohisstudy.WhenIturnedtoleave,hesaid,"Hey,wouldyouhelpme____23____mycomb?"Ilookedathimawhile,then____24____thecombandheadedtothesink.Ithitmethen:why,asachild,____25____Dadcleanhiscombwassuchapleasure.Thatroutine(习惯)meantDadwashomeearlytotheeveningwithMumandme.It____26____ahappyandlovingfamily.IpassedthecleancombbacktoDad.Hesmiledatmeandstill____27____placedhiscombonhiswallet.Butthistime,Inoticedsomething____28____.Dadhadaged.Hehadwrinkles(皱纹)nexttohiseyeswhenhesmiled,____29____hissmilewasstillasheartwarmingasbefore,thesmileofafatherwhojustwantedagood____30____forhisfamily.16.A.bag B.wallet C.comb D.brush17.A.sad B.bored C.afraid D.happy18.A.out B.over C.in D.on19.A.wallet B.table C.desk D.bag20.A.family B.business C.task D.journey21.A.help B.change C.improve D.guide22.A.time B.money C.speed D.energy23.A.sharpen B.repair C.clean D.keep24.A.dropped B.took C.handed D.threw25.A.watching B.letting C.helping D.hearing26.A.brought B.broke C.meant D.supported27.A.excitedly B.hurriedly C.noisily D.carefully28.A.different B.exciting C.interesting D.necessary29.A.for B.or C.so D.but30.A.habit B.life C.house D.education【答案】16.C17.D18.D19.A20.B21.B22.A23.C24.B25.C26.C27.D28.A29.D30.B【解析】文章讲述的是作者小时候经常帮助父亲清洗他一直珍爱的梳子,后来父亲忙于事业,作者感觉父亲和家庭疏远了。但长大后的一次帮父亲清洗梳子,突然发现父亲老了,其实他一直很爱这个家,他所做的一切都是为了家人。【16题详解】句意:他都会把梳子递给我。bag袋,包;wallet钱包;comb梳子;brush刷子;根据文章首句“Dadhadagreencomb”可知,此处指作者的父亲会把梳子(comb)交给她,让她去清洗这把梳子,故选C。【17题详解】句意:我很高兴这么做。sad伤心的;bored无聊的;afraid害怕的;happy开心的;根据句意理解及后文wouldexcitedlyturnthetap可知,这里表达的是“做这件事情很开心”,故选D。【18题详解】句意:我会兴奋地打开水龙头,仔细地刷梳子。out在外部;over越过;in在……里;on在……上;根据句意理解及后句brushthecombcarefully可知,这里表达的是“开着水龙头”,英语是turnon,故选D。【19题详解】句意:他会对我微笑,然后把梳子放在钱包上。wallet钱包;table桌子;desk书桌;bag袋子;根据句意理解及后文Hesmiledatmeandstill____12____placedhiscombonhiswallet.可知,这里指的是“钱包”,故选A。【20题详解】句意:两年后,爸爸开始了自己的事业。family家庭;business生意;task任务;journey旅行;根据下文的句子Dad’sbusinesswasgettingbackontrack,可知这里是说爸爸自己创业,故选B。【21题详解】句意:就在那时,情况开始改变。help帮助;change改变;improve提高;guide向导;根据下文的:Daddidn’tcomehomeasearlyandasmuchasheusedto,可知事情发生了变化,故选B。【22题详解】句意:随着时间推移,我们之间出现了令人不安的沉默。time时间;money钱;speed速度;energy能量;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“时间的推移”,故选A。【23题详解】句意:你能帮我清洗梳子吗?sharpen尖锐;repair修理;clean清理;keep保持;根据第一段中的“Goodgirl,helpDaddycleanit,OK”可知此处指父亲让作者帮助他清洗(clean)一下梳子,上文也反复提到,故选C。【24题详解】句意:我看了他一会儿,然后拿起梳子朝水槽走去。dropped落下,放弃;took拿;handed传递;threw扔;根据上下文语境可知,此处指作者接过(took)那把梳子,然后向洗涤池那里走去.故选B。【25题详解】句意:帮爸爸清洗梳子真是一件乐事。watching看;letting让;helping帮助;hearing听;根据上文的“Goodgirl,helpDaddycleanit,OK”可知此处指帮助(helping)父亲清洗梳子,故选C。【26题详解】句意:这意味着一个幸福而充满爱的家庭。brought带来;broke打破;meant意味着;supported支持;根据上文的“Thatroutine(习惯)meant…”可知此处指这意味着(meant)一个快乐的和充满爱的家庭,故选C。【27题详解】句意:他朝我微笑,仍然小心翼翼地把梳子放在钱包上。excitedly激动地;hurriedly匆忙地;noisily吵闹地;carefully仔细地;根据句意理解可知,只有D选项符合,故选D。【28题详解】句意:但这次,我注意到了一些不同的东西。different不同的;exciting令人激动的;interesting有趣的;necessary有必要的;根据上下句句意理解及后文中的“Dadhadaged.Hehadwrinkles…”可知,应该表达的是“不同的”,故选A。【29题详解】句意:但他的笑容还是和以前一样温暖。for因为;or或者;so所以;but但是;根据空处上下文的语境可知,此处表示意思上的转折,所以应该选择but,故选D。【30题详解】句意:那是一个只想让家人过上好日子的父亲的笑容。habit习惯;life生活;house房子;education教育;从父亲的笑中,作者体会到父亲是想让自己的家人有好的生活(life),故选B。阅读理解ASchoolholidayactivitiesatthelibraryActivityWhenCostWhoCartooningwithEvaLeungTuesday7June,9-11a.m.﹩3.00to.coverthecostofartpaperandpencils5to8-year-oldsActivityWhenCostWhoCartooningwithEvaLeungWednesday8June,9-11a.m.$3.00tocoverthecostofartpaperandpencils9to10-year-oldsEvaLeungisfamousforhercartoonspublishedregularlyinKIDStimemagazineActivityWhenCostWhoKite-makingWednesday8June,2-4p.m.$3.00tocoverthecostofpaper,stringandothermaterials5to10-year-oldsActivityWhenCostWhoKite-makingThursday9June,2-4p.m.$3.00tocoverthecostofpaper,stringandothermaterials5to10-year-olds31.Whoisthisposterfor?A.Cartoonists. B.Librarians. C.Writers. D.Children.32.Onwhichdayaretheretwodifferentactivities?A.Monday. B.Tuesday. C.Wednesday. D.Thursday.33.Whyaretheretwocartooningclassesontheprogram?A.Becausetheclassesarefordifferentagegroups.B.BecausemoretimeisneededtolearncartooningC.Becausethereisastrictlimitonnumbersforeachclass.D.Becausesomechildrenmightwanttodoboththeclasses.【答案】31.D32.C33.A【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文是广告类阅读,介绍了图书馆针对少年儿童的活动信息:主题、时间、费用(材料)和活动对象。【31题详解】题意:这张海报是给谁的?考查细节理解。根据Schoolholidayactivitiesatthelibrary和海报的年龄信息(Who)可知都是孩子们的活动,故选D。【32题详解】题意:哪一天有两种不同的活动?考查细节理解。根据第二则Activity:CartooningwithEvaLeung/When:Wednesday8June,9-11a.m.和第三则Activity:Kite-making/When:Wednesday8June,2-4p.m.可知6月8日星期三上午和下午都有活动,故选C。【33题详解】题意:为什么计划中有两个卡通班?考查细节判断。前面两则都是卡通课,根据第一则Who:5to8-year-olds和第二则Who:9to10-year-olds可知对象不一样,Becausetheclassesarefordifferentagegroups.符合题意,故选A。【点睛】阅读理解是最能体现学生英语能力题型,分值较高,如何通过解题方法的掌握来提升自己解答阅读理解题的技巧是学生最关心的问题。初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力,主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题,首先要准确理解题意,然后根据题意根据短文内容做出正确的答案。(1)考查细节理解能力,此类型题较简单,准确理解题意后,直接到文中找出答案。(2)考查猜词能力。做这种题型时,要根据上下文意思准确猜出词意。3)考查推理判断能力,此类题型较难,准确理解题意后,在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。(4)考查主旨理解题。此类题型需通读全文,整体把握,根据文本主要内容选择合适的选项。B

Artificialintelligence(AI,人工智能)canhelpusmakephonecalls.Itcanguideustowherewewanttogo.Itcanplaygames.Andnow,AIcandoevenmorethings.ResearchersfromMicrosofthavecreatedthefirstmachinetranslationsystemthatcantranslatenewsarticlesfromChinesetoEnglish,BusinessStandardreported.AccordingtoMicrosoft'sofficialwebsite,researcherstestedthesystembyaskingittotranslatehundredsofsentencestakenfromnewsstories.Then,languageexpertscomparedtheresultstotwotranslationsthatweredonebyhumans.Theexpertsconcludedthatthesystem'stranslationswereasgoodasthehumantranslations.Machinetranslationisalwayschallenging.Thisispartlybecausedifferentwordscanbeusedtoexpressthesamemeaning.Itcanbehardtosaywhichwordismore“correct”.Expertsusedseveralmethodstoimprovethesystem'stranslationabilities.“Muchofourresearchisreallyinspired(得到启发)byhowwehumansdothings,”leadresearcherLiuTieyansaid.Onemethodiscalledduallearning.Inthismethod,thesystemtranslateseverysentencefromChinesetoEnglish,aswellastranslatesthesentencesbackfromEnglishintoChinese.Thisway,thesystemcanimproveitselfandlearnfromitsownmistakes.Thisissimilartowhathumansdotomakesuretheirtranslationsareaccurate(准确的).Anothermethodmakesuseofdeliberationnetworks.Theresearcherstaughtthesystemtorepeattheprocessoftranslatingthesamesentenceoverandover.Gradually,thesystemcanimprovethequalityofitstranslations.Thisissimilartohowpeoplerevisetheirownwritingbygoingthroughitagainandagain.34.Microsoftcreatedasystemthatcan_____.A.makephonecalls B.givepeopledirectionsC.playgameswithpeople D.translatenewsarticles35.Whatdidtheexpertssayaboutthesystem'stranslations?A.Theywerenotaccurate.B.Theywereasgoodashumantranslations.C.Theywerebetterthanhumantranslations.D.It'shardtotellwhetherthetranslationswerecorrect.36.Duallearningtrainsthesystemtotranslate_____.A.morequickly B.differentsentencesC.moreaccurately D.thesamesentencerepeatedly37.Whatisthemainideaofthestory?A.Whatartificialintelligencecandoforus.B.HowsentencesaretranslatedfromChinesetoEnglish.C.Howthemachinetranslationsystemwasdeveloped.D.WhyMicrosoftcreatedamachinetranslationsystem.【答案】34.D35.B36.C37.C【解析】本文介绍了微软的研究人员发明了第一台机器翻译系统,可以将中文的新闻稿件翻译成英文。专家认为这个翻译系统和人类的翻译一样好。【34题详解】D细节理解题。根据ResearchersfromMicrosofthavecreatedthefirstmachinetranslationsystemthatcantranslatenewsarticlesfromChinesetoEnglish,BusinessStandardreported.可知微软的研究人员发明了第一台机器翻译系统,可以将中文的新闻稿件翻译成英文,故选D。【35题详解】B细节理解题。根据Theexpertsconcludedthatthesystem’stranslationswereasgoodasthehumantranslations.可知专家认为这个翻译系统和人类的翻译一样好,故选B。【36题详解】C推理判断题。根据Onemethodiscalledduallearning.和Thisissimilartowhathumansdotomakesuretheirtranslationsareaccurate(准确的).可知对偶学习训练这个系统翻译得更准确,故选C。【37题详解】C概括归纳题。根据Artificialintelligence(AI,人工智能)canhelpusmakephonecalls.Itcanguideustowherewewanttogo.Itcanplaygames.Andnow,AIcandoevenmorethings.可知人工智能帮助人们做很多事,故选C。点睛:根据题干要求,在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落,进行分析理解,词义猜测,推理判断和概括归纳,选出正确的选项。例如小题1,根据ResearchersfromMicrosofthavecreatedthefirstmachinetranslationsystemthatcantranslatenewsarticlesfromChinesetoEnglish,BusinessStandardreported.可知微软的研究人员发明了第一台机器翻译系统,可以将中文的新闻稿件翻译成英文,故选D。CEachyearonFeb21,UNESCO(联合国教科文组织)holdsanInternationalMotherLanguageDay(IMLD).Theeventistohelppeopletopayattentiontothedisappearanceoftheworld'slanguages;manyofthemaredisappearingeachyear.UNESCOseesthisasaterriblefact.Whathappenswhenalanguagediesout?Somethinggreatislost-notjustsoundsandmarksbutthewaythatpeopleunderstandtheworldandcommunicatewitheachother.Wekeepdifferentculturesandtraditionsthroughlanguages.Killalanguageandallthesearekilledtoo.ThroughIMLD,moreandmorepeoplecometorealizeheterriblesituationandtrytostopit.Google's2018Endangered(濒临灭绝的)LanguagesProjectisagoodexample.Manyspeakersandprotectorsofendangeredlanguagesupload(上传)texts,audiosandvideostotheprojectwebsite.Theywanttointroducethewaythatpeoplecommunicateandexpressthemselvesaroundtheworld.TheMyaamiaProjectisthesamekindofefforttorevivethelanguagespokenbytheMiamitribes(部落)oftheUnitedStates.Projectmembersworktoencouragepeopletostudyandcommunicatewiththislanguage,whichdiedoutinthe1960s.Theseactivitiesgivelifetothoseendangeredlanguages.PeoplewhoworktokeepLanguagesalivearenotlimitedtothepast.Manyyoungpeopledesignappsandusesocialmediatosupporttheiractivities.They"spreadtheword"tosavetheworld.So,whiletheproblemofdisappearinglanguagesremainsaveryseriousone,thereishope.Weallhaveaspecialfeelingofourmotherlanguage.ThisiswhyweshouldrememberthewisewordsoflatepresidentofSouthAfrica,NelsonMandela:"Ifyoutalktoamaninalanguageheunderstands,thatgoestohishead.Ifyoutalktoamaninhisownlanguage,thatgoestohisheart."38.UNESCOholdsIMLDeveryyearinordertohelppeopleto_______________.A.learnanduseendangeredlanguagesB.showtheirtalentsinlearninglanguagesC.practicereadingskillsofmotherlanguagesD.realizethesituationofendangeredlanguages39.WhatdidpeopledoinGoogle's2018EndangeredLanguagesProject?A.DiscusshowtomakegooduseofGoogle.B.Offeronlinecoursesonendangeredlanguages.C.Sharematerialsaboutendangeredlanguagesonline.D.Translateendangeredlanguagesintomotherlanguages.40.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"revive"meaninParagraph(段落)4?A.创造 B.学习 C.复活 D.清除41.Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromParagraph5?A.Itismoredifficulttoprotectendangeredlanguages.B.Thedisappearanceoflanguageshasalreadystopped.C.Youngpeopledon'tcareaboutendangeredlanguages.D.Youngpeoplehavecreativewaystoprotectlanguages.42.ThewritermentionsNelsonMandela'swordsinorderto__________________.A.telltheimportanceofone'smotherlanguageB.showhiscontributionstolanguageprotectionC.tellthetroubleinlearningendangeredlanguagesD.showthepossibilityofprotectingmotherlanguages【答案】38.A39.C40.C41.D42.A【解析】【分析】本文介绍了每年2月21日,联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)举办一个国际母语日(IMLD)。这次活动旨在帮助人们关注世界语言的消失,其中许多语言每年都在消失。通过IMLD,越来越多的人认识到了它所处的险境并试图阻止它。谷歌2018年的濒危语言项目就是一个很好的例子。还有Myaamia项目。虽然语言消失的问题仍然是一个非常严重的问题,但还是有希望的。我们应该记住南非已故总统纳尔逊·曼德拉(NelsonMandela)的名言:“如果你用一种他能理解的语言与一个人交谈,那就会进入他的头脑。如果你用他自己的语言和一个人说话,那就进入他的内心。”【38题详解】细节理解题。根据Theeventistohelppeopletopayattentiontothedisappearanceoftheworld'slanguages;manyofthemaredisappearingeachyear.这次活动旨在帮助人们关注世界语言的消失,其中许多语言每年都在消失。可知,联合国教科文组织每年都会举办国际母语日大会,目的是帮助人们学习和使用濒危语言。故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。由句子Manyspeakersandprotectorsofendangeredlanguagesupload(上传)texts,audiosandvideostotheprojectwebsite.Theywanttointroducethewaythatpeoplecommunicateandexpressthemselvesaroundtheworld.许多濒危语言的说话者和保护者将文本、音频和视频上传到项目网站。他们想介绍人们在世界各地交流和表达自己的方式。可知,人们在谷歌2018年的濒危语言项目中做了提供有关濒危语言的在线课程。故选C。【40题详解】词意猜测题。根据TheMyaamiaProjectisthesamekindofefforttorevivethelanguagespokenbytheMiamitribes(部落)oftheUnitedStates.可知,Myaamia项目使美国迈阿密部落所说的语言得以复活也做出了同样的努力。revivethelanguagespokenbytheMiamitribes(部落)oftheUnitedStates.语境是:使美国迈阿密部落所说的语言得以复活,因此revive有“复活,重新使用”的意思。故选C。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据Manyyoungpeopledesignappsandusesocialmediatosupporttheiractivities.许多年轻人设计应用程序并使用社交媒体来支持他们的活动。可以推知,年轻人有创造性的保护语言的方法。故选D。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据ThisiswhyweshouldrememberthewisewordsoflatepresidentofSouthAfrica,NelsonMandela:"Ifyoutalktoamaninalanguageheunderstands,thatgoestohishead.Ifyoutalktoamaninhisownlanguage,thatgoestohisheart."这就是为什么我们应该记住南非已故总统纳尔逊·曼德拉(NelsonMandela)的名言:“如果你用一种他能理解的语言与一个人交谈,那就会进入他的头脑。如果你用他自己的语言和一个人说话,那就进入他的内心。”可以推知,作者提到纳尔逊·曼德拉的话是为了说明母语的重要性。故选A。【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型,所猜测词汇可以是生词,也可以是熟词新义,还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有:(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文,所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。(2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子,利用它们猜词义较容易(3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来,如but,or,however,so,because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思,不仅可以扩大词汇量,而且帮助我们猜测词义。第3小题的词义猜测题就是利用第1种解题方法。D“Willyoucomewithus,Susan?”criedseveralgirls.“Wearegoingtothewoods,docome,too.”“Ishouldliketogowithyou,”repliedSusan,“butIcan'tfinishthetaskGrandmothersetmetodo.”“Howboringitmustbetostayathometoworkonaholiday!”saidoneofthem,shakingherhead.“Susan'sgrandmotheristoostrict.”Atthis,Susanloweredherhead,wipedawayatear,andthoughtofthepleasantafternoonthegirlswouldspendgatheringwildflowers.Soonshesaidtoherself,“WhatharmcantherebeinmovingthemarkGrandmotherput?Thewoodsmustbebeautifultoday,andhowIshouldliketobethere!”“Grandmother,”saidshe,afewminutesafterwards,“I'mreadynow.”“What,sosoon,Susan?”Hergrandmothertookthework,andlookedatitveryclosely.“True,Susan,”saidshe,“true,Ihavecountedit,and,asyou’veneverdeceived(欺骗)me,youmaygoandenjoyyourself.”Susan'sfaceturnedred,andshedidnotsay“thankyou”.Assheleft,shewalkedslowlyaway,notsingingasusual.“Why,hereisSusan!”thegirlscried.“Butwhatisthematter?Whyhaveyouleftyourdeargrandmother?”theyjokinglyadded.“it'snothing.”AsSusanreplied,shefeltshewastryingtodeceiveherself.Whenthegirlhadreachedanopenspace,theyranaboutenjoyingthemselvesexceptSusan.Sittingonthegrass,howshewishedshewereathomeconfessing(承认)herfault.AfterawhileRosecriedout,“Let’smakeacrownofviolets,andputitontheheadofthebestgirlhere.”“Itwillbeeasyenoughtomakethecrown.butnotsoeasytodecidewhoistowearit,”saidJulia.“Why,Susanistowearit,ofcourse,”saidRose,“isshenotsaidtobethebestgirlinschoolandthemostobedient(顺从的)athome?”“Yes,yes,thecrownshallbeforSusan,”criedtheothergirls.“Now,Susan,”saidRose,“putitoninaverycarefulway,foryouaretobeourqueen.ThecrownwasplacedonSusan’shead.Butinamoment,shesnatcheditoff,threwitonthegroundandsaid,“Nocrownforme;Idonotdeserve(值得)it.”Thegirlslookedatherwithsurprise.“Ihavedeceivedmygrandmother,”saidshe,whiletearsfloweddownhercheeks.“Doyouthinkthatbad?”askedoneofthegirls.“I’msureitisandIhavebeenmiserableallthetimeIhavebeenhere.”Susanranhome,assoonasshesawGrandmother,shecried,“()Grandmother!Ishouldbepunished,forImovedthemark.Doforgiveme;Iamverysorryandunhappy.”“Susan,”saidhergrandmother,“Iknewitallthetime,butIletyougoou,hopingthatyoucanrealizeyourfault.Iamsogladthatyouhaveconfessedyourfault.”“Now!”wasthequickreply,andSusan'sgrandmotherkissedherforehead.43.Whichisthecorrectorderofthethingsbelow?a.Thegirlsmadeacrownofvioletsinthewoods.b.SusansaidsorrytoGrandmotherforherfault.c.Susan'sgrandmothersethertodothework.d.ThegirlsinvitedSusantoplayinthewoods.e.Susanthrewthevioletcrownontheground.A.c-d-a-e-b B.c-b-d-a-e C.d-b-a-e-c D.a-e-c-d-b44.Accordingtothepassage,wecanseeSusan'sgrandmother.A.wasalwaysverystrictwithSusanB.didn'tknowSusanwaslyingatfirstC.couldthinkaboutSusan’sfeelingsD.stilldidn'tforgiveSusantheend45.Themeaningoftheunderlinedword“miserable”iscloseto.A.surprised B.excited C.regretful D.cheerful46.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Apleasantafternoontrip B.NocrownformeC.Akind-heartedgrandmother D.Adeservingcrownforme【答案】43.A44.C45.C46.B【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍苏珊的小伙伴找她去森林里玩,但是她不得不完成祖母给的工作.想到去森林玩的快乐,苏珊对祖母撒谎说完成了工作.在玩耍的过程中,小伙伴们制作了皇冠送给最好的女孩苏珊,苏珊意识到自己不配拥有皇冠,她不应该欺骗祖母.于是马上回去向祖母认错.祖母很高兴,亲吻了她的额头.【43题详解】A推理判断题.根据第一二段"Willyoucomewithus,Susan?"criedseveralgirls."Wearegoingtothewoods,docome,too.""你愿意和我们一起去吗,苏珊?"几个女孩喊道,"我们要去森林,也要来."."Ishouldliketogowithyou,"repliedSusan,"butIcan'tfinishthetaskGrandmothersetmetodo.""我想和你们一起去,"苏珊答道,但我不能完成祖母让我做的任务.可知,C"苏珊的祖母让她做工作"第一位.d"姑娘们邀请苏珊在森林里玩耍"第二位.根据13段Let'smakeacrownofviolets,andputitontheheadofthebestgirlhere让我们做紫罗兰的皇冠,把它放在最好的女孩的头上.可知,a"姑娘们在树林里做紫罗兰的桂冠"第三位.根据倒数第7段ThecrownwasplacedonSusan'shead.Butinamoment,shesnatcheditoff,threwitonthegroundandsaid花冠被放在苏珊的头上,但过了一会儿,她把它抢走,扔在地上说.可知,e"苏珊把紫罗兰冠扔在地上"第四位.根据倒数第3段Iamverysorryandunhappy."我非常难过和不高兴.".可知,b"苏珊对她的过错向祖母说对不起"第五位.正确顺序是c-d-a-e-b.故选A.【44题详解】C细节理解题.根据倒数后两段"Susan,"saidhergrandmother,"Iknewitallthetime,butIletyougoou,hopingthatyoucanrealizeyourfault.Iamsogladthatyouhaveconfessedyourfault.""苏珊,"她的祖母说,"我一直都知道,但是我让你走了,希望你能认识到你的错误.我很高兴你承认了你的错误."."Now,"wasthequickreply,andSusan'sgrandmotherkissedherforehead."现在!"回答很迅速.奶奶在苏珊的前额印上一个吻.可知,我们可以看到苏珊的祖母能想到苏珊的感受.选C.【45题详解】C词义猜测题.根据I'msureitisandIhavebeenmiserableallthetimeIhavebeenhere我很肯定这是坏事,我待在这里一直感到很痛苦.可知,苏珊为了出去玩和祖母撒谎,意识到这是坏事,应该是"后悔的".选C.【46题详解】B标题归纳题.根据倒数第8段ThecrownwasplacedonSusan'shead.Butinamoment,shesnatcheditoff,threwitonthegroundandsaid,"Nocrownforme;Idonotdeserve(值得)it."皇冠被放在苏珊的头上,但过了一会儿,她把它抢走,扔在地上说,"不要给我皇冠,我不配戴它.".可知,一个撒谎的女孩不配拥有象征完美的皇冠.标题可以是"不要给我皇冠".选B.【点睛】认真阅读题干,根据题干要求,在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落,进行分析理解,词义猜测,推理判断和概括归纳,选出正确的选项。例如小题3,根据I'msureitisandIhavebeenmiserableallthetimeIhavebeenhere我很肯定这是坏事,我待在这里一直感到很痛苦.可知,苏珊为了出去玩和祖母撒谎,意识到这是坏事,应该是"后悔的".选C.词汇根据句意及中文或者英文提示写出句中单词,使句子通顺。47.Theheavyrainhascaused__________(洪水)inmanypartsofthecountry.48.Hereyesshowsno_________(fear).Sheissuchabravegirl.49.Writedownyouremail__________(theplacewhereyoulive)hereifyouwanttojointheclubmyguys.50.Lastyear,thepoorharvest_________(makesthhappen)foodpricestobecomehigherandhigher.51.Thereisasaying,“_______speaklouderthanwords.”【答案】47.floods48.fear49.addresses50.caused51.Actions【解析】【47题详解】句意:这场大雨在全国许多地区造成了洪水。根据中英文可知,英语中“洪水”是flood,根据句意理解可知,这里应该用复数形式,所以这里应该要加s,故答案为floods。【48题详解】句意:她的眼睛没有恐惧。她真是个勇敢的女孩。根据句意理解及中文意思可知,这里应该用一个名词,表达“恐惧”,英语是fear,是一个不可数名词,故答案为fear。【49题详解】句意:如果你想加入俱乐部,写下你的邮箱地址,伙计们。根据英文提示theplacewhereyoulive可知,这里表达的是“地址”,英语是address,而这里是对myguys说,所以这里指的是多个地址,所以这里要用复数形式,故答案为addresses。【50题详解】句意:去年,欠收导致食品价格越来越高。根据英文提示makesthhappen可知,这里表达的是“导致”,英语是cause,而时间是发生在lastyear,故答案为caused。【51题详解】句意:俗话说:“行动胜于雄辩。”根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“行动”,英语是action,根据前后一致可知,后面的名词是words复数形式,所以这里应该也要用复数形式,故答案为Actions。请根据句意从方框里选用合适的词,并用其适当形式填空,使句子通顺。fourlucksleepfarhuman52.__________,withthehelpofthegovernment,red-crownedcraneshavemoreandmorelivingspace.53.Afteracloselook,thezookeeperissurethesefootprintsarenot_________.54.Whichoneis________fromtheMoon,theEarthortheSun?55.Ourschoolfootballteamdidn’twinthematch,andatlastcame_________init.56.Ifelt________alldayinclassaftergoingtobedlate.【答案】52.Luckily53.humans’54.farther55.fourth56.sleepy【解析】【52题详解】句意:幸运的是,在政府的帮助下,丹顶鹤的生存空间越来越大。根据句意理解及后句red-crownedcraneshavemoreandmorelivingspace可知,这里应该是表示“幸运的”,而空格是用来修饰整个句子的,所以应该用副词,故答案为Luckily。【53题详解】句意:经过仔细观察,动物园管理员确信这些脚印不是人类的。根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“人类的”,英语中表达“人类”是human,是一个可数名词,而这里指的是复数意思,所以这里应该用复数名词humans,而这里指的是“人类的”,所有格以s结尾,应该直接加’,故答案为humans’。【54题详解】句意:哪一个离月亮远,地球还是太阳?根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“更远的”是两者距离之间的比较,所以要用比较级的形式,故答案为farther。【55题详解】句意:我们学校的足球队没有赢得这场比赛,最后得了第四名。根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“第四名”,英语中表达顺序要用序数词,所以这里four应该用序数词,故答案为fourth。【56题详解】句意:我睡得很晚,上课一整天都觉得困。根据句意理解可知,这里空格是放在felt后面,做表语,所以应该用形容词,而这里表达的是“犯困的”,所以应该用sleepy,故答

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