【八下英语北师大版】Unit 5 知识点精讲

Unit5Memories知识精讲一、必背词汇memorable

adj.

难忘的confident

adj.

自信的poem

n.

诗pity

n.

遗憾；同情，怜悯happiness

n.

幸福mostly

adv.

主要地；一般地childhood

n.

童年，幼年count

v.

计数；数数fill

v.

（使）充满，填满judge

v.

评价，判断influence

n.

影响，作用mention

v.

提到，说到good-looking

adj.

漂亮的，好看的PrimeMinister

n.

首相；总理war

n.

战争curtain

n.

窗帘German

adj.

德国的bomb

v.轰炸n.

炸弹luckily

adv.

幸运地marry

v.

（和某人）结婚army

n.

军队enemy

n.

敌人available

adj.

可获得的machine

n.

机器airconditioner

空调cooker

n.

炊具，厨灶dishwasher

n.

洗碗机recordplayer

唱机tiny

adj.

极小的，微小的central

adj.

中央的；主要的centralheating

中央供暖wet

adj.

潮的，湿的mainly

adv.

大部分；主要地round

adv.

周围adj.圆形的lemon

n.

柠檬second-hand

adj.

二手的，旧的weekday

n.

工作日theatre

n.

剧院；电影院；戏剧unforgettable

adj.

难以忘怀的bleed

v.

流血frightened

adj.

受惊的；害怕的pain

n.

疼痛ambulance

n.

救护车二、重点词汇1.memorable

adjective/ˈmemərəbəl/likelytoberememberedorworthremembering

难忘的；值得纪念的例句：Thesoldierhasfoughtmanymemorablebattles.这个士兵参加过许多难忘的战斗。Tomethisisthemostmemorableperiodofmypoeticcareer.对我来说，这是我诗歌生涯中最值得纪念的一段时期。2.confident

adjective/ˈkɒnfɪdənt/havingconfidence

自信的；有信心的；确信的；有把握的；信任的例句：Beabitmoreconfidentinyourself!你应该再自信一点！Areyouconfidentthatenoughpeoplewillattendtheevent?你确信会有足够的人参加这项赛事吗？3.judge

noun/dʒʌdʒ/1).n.apersonwhoisinchargeofatrialinacourtanddecideshowapersonwhoisguiltyofacrimeshouldbepunished,orwhomakesdecisionsonlegalmatters

法官；审判员例句：Thejudgedispensesthelawwithoutbias.这名法官执法公正无私。Henarratedtheeventsoftheafternoontothejudge.他向法官叙述了那天下午发生的事情。2).n.thepersonwhoofficiallydecideswhoisthewinnerofacompetition（比赛的）裁判员，评判员例句：I’vebeenaskedtobethejudgeofthechildren’spoetrycompetition.我受邀为儿童诗歌比赛当评委。3).v.toform,give,orhaveasanopinion,ortodecideaboutsomethingorsomeone,especiallyafterthinkingcarefully

（尤指认真考虑之后）断定，判断，估计例句：Sofar,heseemstobehandlingthejobwell,butit’sreallytoosoontojudge.到目前为止，他的工作看起来还干得不错，但现在下结论还为时过早。It’sdifficulttojudgewhetherthenewsystemreallyisanimprovement.很难判断新系统是否真的有所进步。4.influence

noun&verb/ˈɪnfluəns/1).n.thepowertohaveaneffectonpeopleorthings,orapersonorthingthatisabletodothis影响，作用；有影响的人（或物）例句：Helen’sagoodinfluenceonhim.海伦对他有好的影响。Atthetimeshewasundertheinfluenceofherfather.她当时受到父亲的影响。2).v.toaffectorchangehowsomeoneorsomethingdevelops,behaves,orthinks影响例句：She’sverygoodatmakingfriendsandinfluencingpeople.她很擅长交友并对他人施加影响。Whatinfluencedyoutochooseacareerinnursing?什么使你选择了护士这个职业？5.mention

verb&noun/ˈmenʃən/1).v.tospeakaboutsomethingquickly,givinglittledetailorusingfewwords提及，说起，谈到例句：I’llmentionyourideastoJacinta.我会跟哈辛塔说一下你的想法。Hecasuallymentioned(that)hewasleavinghisjob.他不经意地提到他要辞职了。2).n.ashortremarkorwrittenstatement

提及；简短的陈述例句：Thestorydidn’tevengetamentioninthenewspaper.报纸上甚至没有提及此事。Eventhementionofhernamemakeshimblush.甚至提到她的名字他也会脸红。6.available

adjective/əˈveɪləbəl/abletobeboughtorused

可获得的；可用的例句：Isthisdressavailableinalargersize?这件衣服有大一号的吗？There’snomoneyavailableforanofficepartythisyear.今年没有钱举办办公室聚会了。7.frightened

adjective/ˈfraɪtənd/feelingfearorworry

害怕的，受惊的例句：Areyoufrightenedofspiders?你怕蜘蛛吗？Iwasfrightened(that)youwouldfall.我担心你会掉下来。8.bleed

verb/bliːd/toloseblood

出血，流血例句：Yourarmisbleeding.你的胳膊在流血。Hewasbleedingheavily.他在大量失血。9.fill

verb/fɪl/1).tomakeorbecomefull;touseemptyspace（使）充满，（使）装满，（使）注满；占据；布满例句：Ifilledthebucketwithwater.我往桶里注满了水。Happysoundsfilledtheroom.房间里充满了欢声笑语。2).toputasubstanceintoanemptyspace（以…）填塞，充注例句：Thesecakesarefilledwithcream.这些蛋糕是奶油夹心的。Theproductclearlyfilledaneed/gapinthemarket.该产品显然填补了市场的需求／空白。三、必背短语1.thousandsof

成千上万的

2.usedto

过去常常3.comeround

短暂拜访

4.runinto

撞上；偶然遇见5.inthe1950s

在20世纪50年代

6.takecareof

照顾7.befilledwith…

充满

8.beatwarwith…

与……交战；进行竞争9.gethurt

受伤

10.expectsb.todosth.

期待某人做某事11.ingreatpain

处于巨大的痛苦中

12.callanambulance

叫救护车13.onweekdays

在工作日

14.beinblackandwhite

黑白的15.sharearoom共用房间

16.fail/passtheexam

考试及格/不及格17.dealwith

处理，解决

18.beinthearmy

在军队19.haveagreatinfluenceonsb.

对某人有重要影响四、经典句型1.TodayismybirthdayanditisthefirstbirthdayIhavespentfarawayfromhome.今天是我的生日这是我第一次在离家很远的地方过生日。2.Youdon’tknowwhatyou’vegotuntilit’sgone.失去了才知道珍惜。3.Herprimaryschoolteachermadeahugedifferenceinherlife.她的小学老师在她生活中起了重要的作用。4.Mychildhoodwasfilledwiththesewarmmemories.我的儿童时代充满了温暖的回忆。5.Butyouwerealwaysbymyside.但是您总是在我身边。6.WhenIhaveproblems,Ialwaysthinkofyourwordsandtheyhelpmesomuch.每当我遇到困难，我就会想起您的话，它们对我很有帮助。7.Youhavealwayssaidthatweshouldjudgepeople’ssuccessbyhowtheylivetheirliveseveryday.您常说我应该通过人们怎样过每一天来判断他们是否成功。五、考点1.掌握本课核心词汇和固定搭配。2.间接引语用法1).在引用别人的原话时，被引用的句子称为直接引语。例句：“Passmethedictionary,Mike,”shesaid.她说：“给我递一下词典，迈克。”Hesuggested,“Let’stakeataxibackhome.”他建议说：“我们乘出租车回家吧。”2).当用自己的话转述别人的话时，被转述的部分称为间接引语。例句：Shetoldmethatshewasgettingmarriednextweek.她告诉我她下周就要结婚了。HesaidthathewouldstayinLondonforaweek.他说他想在伦敦再待一周。3).间接陈述句如果转述的是陈述句，需要：(1).用连词that引导，that可以省略例句：Hesaid,“Ihavelostmyumbrella.”他说：“我把伞丢了。”Hesaid(that)hehadlosthisumbrella.他说他丢了他的伞。(2).改变引语谓诉动词的时态，使其与主句谓语动词时态保持一致动词变化如下：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时情态动词情态动词过去时Hesaid,“Theroadisstillblocked.”→Hesaid(that)theroadwasstillblocked.他说路仍然堵着。Paulsaid,“I’mtryingtogetataxi.”→Paulsaid(that)hewastryingtogetataxi.保罗说他正在等出租车。Thepolicemansaid,“Youcanpreventtheaccident.”→ThepolicemansaidthatIcouldpreventtheaccident.警察说我不能阻止那个事故。改变问接陈述句中的时间和地点。变化如下：直接引语间接引语nowthentodaythatdaylastweek/month/yearTheweek/month/yearbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowing

daythedayaftertomorrowthetwodays’timenextweek/yearthefollowingweek/yearheretherethisthat根据句意，改变人称。例如:Hesaid,“Ilikemynewhouse.”Hesaidthathelikedhisnewhouse.他说他喜欢我的新房子。Hesaid,“We’lldiscussthistomorrow.”Hesaidtheywoulddiscussit/thematterthenextday.他说，他们第二天在讨论。例题：把下面的直接引语改成间接引语1.Hesaid,“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”_________________________________________________2.Shesaid,“Hewillbebusy.”_________________________________________________3.Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”_________________________________________________4.Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”_________________________________________________5.Hesaid,“IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwasaboy.”_________________________________________________【答案】1.Hesaidthathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.2.Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.3.Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.4.Myfathersaidthatpracticemakesperfect.5.HesaidthathehadstudiedEnglishsincehewasaboy.【解析】考查条直接引语和间接引语的转换，根据用法改成相应句子即可。六、易错点alive，living，live与lively的区别1.alive意为“活着”，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，既可指人，也可指物；可用来作表语，后置定语或宾补。虽有死的可能，但还活着。例句：Nomanaliveisgreaterthanhe.

在活着的人中没有人比他更伟大了。Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.