湖北省十堰市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语 含解析

高考资源网(）您身边的高考专家（AI教学）订购热线堰市2025年高三年级元月调研考试英语本试题卷共12页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore. B.Inahotel. C.Inalibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.IsupposeyouhavethebookShipofTheseushere,right?I’velookedeverywherebutjustcouldn’tfindit.W:Letmecheck.Sorry,thatbookhasbeenborrowedoutalready.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowmuchwoulditcosttostayattheSwissChaletforaweek?A.10dollars. B.63dollars. C.70dollars.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whereareyougoingthissummervacation?W:I’veheardaboutaniceplacecalledtheSwissChalet.It’s10dollarsaday.IfIstayforaweek,itwillgive10%off.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Tocancelaflight. B.Tomakeanapology. C.Toputoffameeting.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,MrSmith.I’mafraidDrBrownwon’tbeabletoseeyoutoday.He’sstillwaitingforaflightoutofNewYork.Hesaidhewouldmeetyoutomorrowafternoon.IsitOK?M:Soundsgood.Thankyouforcalling.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Postaletter. B.Writealetter. C.Doherhomework.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Tom,youhaven’tdoneyourhomeworktoday.M:Iknow,butIhavetofinishthisletterfirst.Mom,couldyouhelpmeposttheletterwhenIfinishit?W:OK.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’ssister?A.Sheisn’tactive.B.Shelookslikethewoman.C.Shehasaspecialcharacter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Yoursisterisquitedifferentfromyouincharacter.W:Manypeopleshareyouropinion.M:Youarealwaysactiveindealingwithproblems,whileyoursisterisdifferent.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdidthewomanbuyatthestore?A.Somebeef. B.Somecards. C.Somevegetables.7.Whatadvicedoesthemangivethewoman?A.Shemusthaveenoughmoneywithher.B.Sheshouldnotbuyanythingshewants.C.ShemustcareabouthercreditcardandIDcard.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:IamhappyIstartedcarryingthecreditcardthatthebankgaveus.M:Whyisthat,Kate?Didyouuseittobuysomething?W:Isurelydid.OnthewayhomeIstoppedatastoretobuysomebeeffordinnerbecauseIdidn’thaveanycashwithme.M:Andtheypermittedyoutopaywiththecard?W:Yes.Theydidn’tevenaskmetogivethemID.M:Youhavetobecareful.Ifyoulosethemandsomeonefindsthem,thebankwillchargeyouforwhatyoubuy.W:Howmuchhasthebankallowedustospendwiththecard?M:Fifteenhundreddollars.Thebanksencourageustousethecard,buttheywillalsorequireustopaythemback.W:Youareright,Henry.I’llrememberthat.Butthecardsurelymakesiteasytospendmoney.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whattypeofmusicdoesthemanlike?A.Rap. B.Jazz. C.Rock.9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Asongwriter. B.Atelephoneoperator. C.Aradiohostess.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】W:Doyourgrandkidslovethesongsyouwrote?M:No,notatall.W:Oh,why?M:YouknowwhenIwasyoung,I’dlistentoalotofjazz.Thatformedmytasteofmusic.Thesedaysyoungpeoplearecrazyaboutrap,whichissomethingbeyondmyunderstandingof“singing”.Frankly,Ican’tmakeheadsortailsofit.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.Stilltherearepeopleofdifferentageswhoremainfaithfultojazz.Nowlet’shaveourtelephoneoperatortoputthroughouraudiencewho’relisteningtothisprogramrightnow.Let’sseewhatquestionsthey’vegotforyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whenwillthespeakersmeetattheforestpark?A.At9:30am. B.At10:00am. C.At10:30am.11.Howwillthemangototheforestpark?A.Bybus. B.Bybike. C.Onfoot.12.Whydidthemansellhiscar?A.Toexercisemore. B.Tobuyanewone. C.Toprotecttheenvironment.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Sowewillmeetattheforestparkat10o’clocktomorrowmorning,right?M:Whynotmakeithalfanhourearlier?Weshouldsetoffearly.Thetrafficwon’tbetoobusythen.W:Alright.Bytheway,it’snoteasytofindaplacetoparkthere.I’lltakeabus,andIsuggestyoudothesame.M:Don’tworry.Iplantocyclethere.Besides,Idon’thaveacaranymore.Isoldit.W:Why?Areyougoingtobuyanewone?M:No.I’mnotgettinganothercar.MydoctorsaidthatIshouldexercisemore,sonowIusuallywalkbetweenmyworkplaceandhome.W:Ithinkyoumadeagooddecision.Therearetoomanycarsinthistown.Theairisheavilypolluted.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Fatheranddaughter. C.Salesmanandcustomer.14.Howmuchmaythelongernecklacecost?A.$500. B.$2,500. C.$3,500.15.Whichfactormaydecidethepriceofthenecklace?A.Length. B.Color. C.Style.16.Whathasthewomandecidedtobuy?A.Thelongernecklaceandthering.B.Neitherthenecklacenorthering.C.Theshorternecklaceandthering.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,canIhelpyouwithanything?W:Yeah.CanIlookatthisring?M:Sure.Letmegetitoutforyou.What’syoursize?W:Ibelievemysizeissix.M:Hereyouare.W:Doyouhaveanynecklacethatmatchesthisring?M:Actually,wehaveafewtochoosefrom.Theyareoverhere.W:There’snopricetagonthisnecklace.M:Oh,I’msorry.I’llcheckthepriceforyou.Itis$199.W:Thisnecklaceisalittleshort.Doyouhaveonethatislonger?M:Yes.Whydon’tyoutrythisoneon?W:Thisoneismuchbetter.CanItryontheringwiththisnecklace?M:Sure.Hereyouare.W:Ifyoudon’tmindmeasking,howmuchdotheycost?M:Theringis$1,500.Butthepricesofthiskindofnecklacerangefrom$600to$3,000,whichmainlydependonitsquality.Ofcourseitssizeandlengthalsocount.W:Isee.That’swhyitlookssonice.Youalwaysgetwhatyoupayfor.Letmethinkaboutit.M:Sure.Takeyourtime.W:Thankyouforallthehelp.M:Noproblem.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Atwhatageshouldchildrenbeginexercisingaccordingtoearlierguidelines?A.3. B.5. C.6.18.Howlongareadultsadvisedtoexerciseeveryweek?A.3hours. B.2.5hours. C.2hours.19.Whatkindofactivitiesshouldoldpeopleinclude?A.Thosewhichconnectthemtonature.B.Thosewhichconsumelittletime.C.Thosewhichhelpbalance.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Newexerciseguidelines.B.Theactivitiesforfreetime.C.Thebenefitsofexercising.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Mostofusknowthatphysicalactivityleadstobetterhealth.Thatisnothingnew.Butforthefirsttimein10years,theUnitedStatesgovernmenthaschangeditsguidelinesonhowmuchexercisepeopleneedtostayhealthy.Forchildren,thenewfederalguidelinesstatethatchildrenasyoungas3yearsoldneedtobephysicallyactive.Earlierguidelinesusedtobeginatage6.DrGiriorsaysthatthemostimportanttimeforchildrentobeginexercisingisbetweentheageof3and5.Henotesthatboysandgirlsinthisagegroupneedatleastthreehoursofactivityeveryday.Doctorssayitisimportanttostartyoung.Foradults,thesuggestedlengthoftimeforexerciseremainsthesame,whichis150minutesperweekofmoderatephysicalactivity.Itcouldbedoinghousework;itcouldbegardening;itcouldbedancing—anykindofactivitythatgetsyourheartrateupandgetsyouexercisingmoderately.Theadviceforolderadultsremainsmostlyunchangedfromearlierfederalguidelines.Thoseoverage65shouldincludeactivitiesthathelpbalance.Betterbalancemeansfewerfallsandlesschanceofinjury.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHere’salookatsomehistorictownsinUpstateNewYork,eachfilledwithstoriesofthepastandasenseofplaceyouwon’tsoonforget.AuroraThishistoricvillagelocatedontheeasternshoreofCayugaLakewasoriginallyinhabitedbytheCayugapeople.European-Americansettlementbeganin1789,andby1837,Aurorawasincorporatedasavillage.ItbecameacentreforcanaltrafficfollowingtheopeningoftheCayuga-SenecaCanal,whichfacilitatedthetransportofwool,grain,fruit,andpigstobroadermarkets.CooperstownFoundedin1786byJudgeWilliamCooper,thistownwasnamedinCooper’shonor.Hisson,JamesFenimoreCooper,arenownednovelist,immortalizedtheareainhisTheLeatherstockingTales,referringtoOtsegoLakeasthe“Glimmerglass”.CooperstownisperhapsbestknownasthehomeoftheNationalBaseballHallofFameandMuseum,establishedin1939.Thisinstitutioncelebratesthehistoryofbaseballandhonorsitsgreatestplayers,makingthevillageafavouritesiteforfansofAmerica’spastime.SkaneatelesThename“Skaneateles”derivesfromtheIroquoistermfor“longlake”,whichreflectstheindigenousrootsofthissmalltown.European-Americansettlementbeganinthelate18thcentury,andthevillagewasofficiallyincorporatedin1833.Skaneatelesisknownforitswell-preserved19th-centuryarchitecture,withmanybuildingsdatingbacktothe1830s.ThedowntownHistoricDistrict,establishedin1985,showcasesthesearchitecturaltreasures.SenecaFallsThistownisoftenrecognizedasthebirthplaceoftheWomen’sRightsmovementinAmerica.InJuly1848,ithostedthefirstWomen’sRightsConventionattheWesleyanChapel,whereactivistslikeElizabethCadyStantonandLucretiaMottpresentedtheDeclarationofSentiments,advocatingforwomen’sequality.YoucanvisittheWomen’sRightsNationalHistoricalPark,whichincludestheWesleyanChapelandthehomesofkeyfiguressuchasElizabethCadyStanton.21.WhatcontributedtoAurora’sbeingatrafficcenter?A.Theneedofmarkets. B.Theopeningofacanal.C.Thelocationofthevillage. D.ThesettlementofAmericans.22.WhatisCooperstownlargelyknownfor?A.Afamousbaseballmuseum.B.Ayearly“Glimmerglass”event.C.AlargecollectionofJamesFenimoreCooper’snovels.D.ThebirthplaceofJamesFenimoreCooper.23.Whichofthefollowingmayappealmosttoarchitects?A.Aurora. B.Cooperstown. C.Skaneateles. D.SenecaFalls.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文简单介绍了纽约州北部地区四个具有历史意义的小镇。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Aurora部分中“ItbecameacentreforcanaltrafficfollowingtheopeningoftheCayuga-SenecaCanal,whichfacilitatedthetransportofwool,grain,fruit,andpigstobroadermarkets.(在Cayuga-Seneca运河开通后，它成为了一个运河交通中心，促进了羊毛、粮食、水果和猪肉向更广阔市场的运输)”可知，Aurora成为交通中心是因为一条运河的开通。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Cooperstown部分中“CooperstownisperhapsbestknownasthehomeoftheNationalBaseballHallofFameandMuseum,establishedin1939.(库伯斯敦可能最以其为1939年建立的国家棒球名人堂和博物馆的所在地而闻名)”可知，库伯斯敦因其著名的棒球博物馆而闻名。故选A项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章Skaneateles部分中“Skaneatelesisknownforitswell-preserved19th-centuryarchitecture,withmanybuildingsdatingbacktothe1830s.(斯凯内特尔斯以其保存完好的19世纪建筑而闻名，许多建筑可以追溯到19世纪30年代)”和最后一句“ThedowntownHistoricDistrict,establishedin1985,showcasesthesearchitecturaltreasures.(1985年成立的历史中心展示了这些建筑瑰宝)”可知，斯凯内特尔斯因其保存完好的19世纪建筑而可能对建筑师最有吸引力。故选C项。BWhatdidyouimaginethefutureoftransportationwouldlooklike?Wasitupintheair?AuniquevehiclecalledXTurismomadeitsappearanceattheDetroitAutoShowinearlySeptember.Thevehicleresemblesanordinarymotorbikeyou’dseeonthefreeway—asleek(造型优美的)designwithanaerodynamicshape.Butwhatstirredinterestinthevehicleiswhatitdoesn’thave,whichisapairofwheels.Anditflies.Instead,ithasalandinggearsimilartoahelicopterandithassixpropellersparalleltotheground.Tworotors(转子)areinfrontofthebikeandtheothertwoontheback.Inprinciple,thismightbetheworld’sfirstflyingbike.Inthevideo,youcanseethebikehoveringataheightofaroundfivefeet.Theplacementoftherotorsallowsthebiketostabilizemidairandstopitfromtippingordippingononeside.Evenwithits“earthly”design,itstilllookslikesomethingoutofasciencefictionmovie.There’sareasonforthattoo.ThefounderandCEOofthecompanybehindthisvehiclelovedStarWarsmovies.XTurismoisn’tasfastasitscounterpartsinHollywood,butitproudlyshowsthatthetechnologycouldwork.Andit’sachievable.“Iwantedtomakesomethingfromthemoviereal,”thefounderwasquotedsaying.“It’salandspeederfortheDarkSide.”Creatingsomethingthatfliesisn’tnewtothecompany.TheDelaware-basedcompanyisanair-mobilitycompanythatmakesdronesandotherunmannedvehicles.XTurismoisalreadybeingsoldinJapanbutthecompanyplansonbringingthisvisionofthefuturetotheUnitedStatesin2023.Theestimatedpriceforthisbaby?Awhopping$777,000.Thecompany,however,sharedmuchmoreambitiousplansincreatingasmallerandmoreefficientversionofthecraftby2025.Thesmallerversionisplannedtoberunbyelectricityandwouldcostabout$50,000.“Wehaven’tunlockedthetechnologytomakemoreefficientenginesforflyingvehiclesthatcantakethemhigherandfaster.Moreover,regulationsandrestrictionsalsovaryfromonecountrytoanother,”thefoundersaid.However,evenwitha40-minuteflighttime,theXTurismoismorethanenoughtoinspireengineersaboutthepossibilityofflyingthroughyourneighborhood.24.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Therelateddataofthevehicle.B.Thedisadvantagesofthevehicle.C.Thedesigntheoriesbehindthevehicle.D.Theuniquedesignandflightfeatureofthevehicle.25.Whatisthefunctionoftherotors?A.Tokeepthevehicle’sbalanceintheair. B.Tomaintainacertainspeed.C.Toassistthelanding. D.Toworkaswheels.26WhatcanbeinferredabouttheXTurismo?A.Itisthefirstflyingdeviceinthecompany.B.ItcanflyfasterthantheoneinHollywoodmovies.C.Itispricedatastronomical$777,000intheUnitedStates.D.Technicalandregulatoryfactorsovershadowitsfurtheradvances.27.Whatisthemaintopicofthistext?A.Anair-mobilitycompany.B.AsmallerversionoftheXTurismo.C.AflyingbikeattheDetroitAutoShow.D.AnelementarylandspeederinStarWarsmovies.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在底特律车展上展出的一款名为XTurismo的飞行自行车，包括其设计、功能、价格以及面临的挑战等方面的内容。【24题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Butwhatstirredinterestinthevehicleiswhatitdoesn’thave,whichisapairofwheels.Anditflies.Instead,ithasalandinggearsimilartoahelicopterandithassixpropellersparalleltotheground.Tworotors(转子)areinfrontofthebikeandtheothertwoontheback.Inprinciple,thismightbetheworld’sfirstflyingbike.

(但引起人们兴趣的是它没有的东西，那就是一对轮子。它会飞。相反，它有一个类似于直升机的起落架，它有六个平行于地面的螺旋桨。两个转子在自行车的前面，另外两个在后面。原则上，这可能是世界上第一辆会飞的自行车。)”可知，本段提到它没有轮子，而是可以飞行，具有类似于直升机的起落架和六个与地面平行的螺旋桨。接着提到这可能是世界上第一辆飞行自行车即主要介绍了XTurismo的独特设计和飞行特点。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Theplacementoftherotorsallowsthebiketostabilizemidairandstopitfromtippingordippingononeside.(转子的位置允许自行车稳定在半空中，并阻止它从倾斜或倾斜在一边。)”可知，转子的位置可以使自行车在空中保持稳定，防止其向一侧倾斜或下沉。因此，转子的功能是保持车辆在空中的平衡，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段创始人所说的话““Wehaven’tunlockedthetechnologytomakemoreefficientenginesforflyingvehiclesthatcantakethemhigherandfaster.Moreover,regulationsandrestrictionsalsovaryfromonecountrytoanother,”thefoundersaid.(“我们还没有开发出技术，为飞行器制造更高效的引擎，让它们飞得更高更快。此外，各国的规定和限制也各不相同。”)”可知，XTurismo在技术和法规方面还存在很多挑战，这些因素阻碍了其进一步发展。因此，可以推断出技术和法规因素阻碍了XTurismo的进一步发展。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“AuniquevehiclecalledXTurismomadeitsappearanceattheDetroitAutoShowinearlySeptember.Thevehicleresemblesanordinarymotorbikeyou’dseeonthefreeway—asleek( 造型优美的 )designwithanaerodynamicshape.(9月初，一款名为XTurismo的独特汽车在底特律车展上亮相。这辆车和你在高速公路上看到的普通摩托车很像——光滑的设计和空气动力学的外形。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了在底特律车展上展出的一款名为XTurismo的飞行自行车，包括其设计、功能、价格以及面临的挑战等方面的内容。因此，C选项“AflyingbikeattheDetroitAutoShow.(在底特律车展上展出的飞行自行车)”符合文章主题。选项C正确。CAnimalsandplantsalsoliveandthriveonpublicsquares.Thiscreatesopportunitiesforgreaterbiodiversityandwell-beingforthehumanpopulation.ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich(TUM)havestudiedat103locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna(动植物).Theyadvocateacloseexaminationoflocalconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.Togetherwithhisteam,WolfgangWeisser,ProfessorofTerrestrialEcologyatTUM,lookedatsuchfactorsassize,theoccurrenceoflawn,plantandtreegrowth,artificiallightsourcesandgreeninthesurroundingsofthe103publicsquaresinMunich.Thesquaresvariedfromalmostentirelysealed(封闭的)topark-likesquares.Theirresultsshow,withMunichasanexample,howgreatlythedifferentspacescandifferintheanimalsandotherorganismsthatcanlivethere.AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,withjustonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewithlawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.AtJohannisplatz,118speciesarepresent,asithastrees,hedgesandsomegrassyareasdespitebeingsealedtoarelativelylargeextent.Unsurprisingly,moreplantsarebeneficialtomanyanimalspecies.Thisisafactorthaturbanplanningmodelsalreadytakeintoaccount.However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyintermsofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.Sofar,publicspacesaredesignedwithhumansinmind,withlittleconsiderationtoanimalsandotherspecies.Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityareincreasedif,insteadofapplyingthesamepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditionsandtheneedsofdifferentspecies.Toencouragemorebeespecies,forexample,theyshouldnotonlyplantnectar-bearingflowers,butalsoprovideopenspaceashabitatforbeesandasourceofnest-buildingmaterial.28.WhatdoesthestudyatTUMfocuson?A.Thebestlocationsforfloraandfauna.B.Factorstobeconsideredinsquaredesign.C.Theimpactoflocalconditionsonbiodiversity.D.Thebestwayforhumansandfloraandfaunatogetalong.29.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A.Animalsexpandinsealedparks. B.Openparkssupportmorebiodiversity.C.Openparksarenotfitforbirdstostay. D.Closedparksareasgoodasopenones.30.Whatdoesthestudysayabouturbangreenery?A.Itvariesinattractingspecies. B.Itwillreplaceartificiallights.C.Ithasnothingtodowithspecies. D.Itiswellplannedinurbanbuildings.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EnhancingUrbanDevelopment:ConsideringLocalSpecies’NeedsB.Human-animalCoexistence:IntegratingNatureintoCityDesigningC.UrbanEcosystems:ChallengesforPlantsandAnimalsinUrbanSpacesD.BiodiversityintheCity:DesigningUrbanSpacesforHumansandAnimals【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了慕尼黑工业大学(TUM)的研究，探讨了城市公共空间设计中考虑当地条件和不同物种需求的重要性，以促进生物多样性。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich(TUM)havestudiedat103locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna(动植物).Theyadvocateacloseexaminationoflocalconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.(慕尼黑工业大学(TUM)的研究人员在慕尼黑的103个地点研究了各种因素如何影响动植物。他们主张密切检查当地条件，并采取更注重自然的方法来设计公共空间)”可知，TUM的研究集中在设计公共广场时，影响动植物的各种因素上。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,withjustonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewithlawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.(在高度封闭的玛丽恩广场，研究人员仅计算出20个物种，包括仅有一种鸟类、苔藓物种以及昆虫和蝙蝠物种。与此同时，在拥有草坪、灌木和树木的普弗龙纳广场，他们发现了156个分类单元，包括21种不同的鸟类)”可推知，开放的公园支持更多的生物多样性。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyintermsofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.(然而，研究还表明，草坪、树木和灌木在吸引物种的多样性和数量方面存在很大差异)”可知，城市绿化在吸引物种方面存在差异。故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityareincreasedif,insteadofapplyingthesamepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditionsandtheneedsofdifferentspecies.(研究人员得出结论，如果规划者不仅仅在每个地点应用相同的模式，而是考虑到当地条件和不同物种的需求，那么增加更大生物多样性的机会就会增加)”及全文可知，整篇文章主要讨论了城市空间设计中考虑当地条件和不同物种需求的重要性，以促进人类和动物的共存。故选D项。DIfyoufindyourselfsleepyduringyourdailyactivitiesinyourolderage,youmayneedtoconsideritmorethananinconvenience-sincethefatiguemayindicateyou’reathigherriskfordevelopingaconditionthatcanleadtodementia(痴呆),anewstudyhasfound.Amongparticipantswhoexperiencedexcessivedaytimesleepinessandalackofenthusiasm,35.5%developedmotoriccognitiverisksyndrome(运动认知风险综合征),orMCRcomparedwith6.7%ofpeoplewithoutthoseproblems,accordingtothestudy.MCRismarkedbyslowwalkingspeedandcomplaintsofmemoryproblemsamongolderpeoplewhodon’talreadyhavedementiaoramobilitydisability.Theriskofdevelopingdementiamorethandoublesinthosewiththissyndrome,whichwasfirstdescribedin2013.Thefindingsarebasedon445adultswhowereaged76onaverage.Participantswalkedontreadmills(跑步机)sotheirinitialgaitscouldberecorded,thenwereassessedannuallyfrom2011to2018.Thestudyauthorsalsocollectedyearlydataonparticipants’recollectionsoftheirsleepqualityandquantityinthetwoweeksleadinguptotheassessments.Overafollow-upperiodofroughlythreeyearsonaverage,36participantsdevelopedMCRsyndrome.Comparedwith“good”sleepers,“poor”sleepershadonlyaslightlyhigherriskofMCR.“Thestudyfindingsmayhelpphysiciansandpatientsbemoreopentoaskingquestionsaboutsleeppatterns,andtolookingmorecloselyatwalkingspeedwhenmakinganearlydiagnosis,”saidDr.RichardIsaacson,directorofresearchattheInstituteforNeurodegenerativeDiseasesinFlorida.“Ifyou’realreadyexperiencingmobilityissues,fallpreventioncanhelp,”Isaacsonsaid,“thatcanincludephysicalandoccupationaltherapyevaluation,andat-homeadaptationssuchasinstallingbarsintheshower,removingclutter(杂物)andusingnight-lights.”“MCRsyndromeisnewlyidentified,soexpertsstillhavealottolearnbeforetheycanexplainindetailwhatcausesitandhowitaffectsthebody,”Isaacsonsaid.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fatigue”probablymeaninparagraph1?A.Weakness. B.Tiredness. C.Comfort. D.Happiness.33.WhatmightbethefeatureofMCR?A.Slowmovement. B.Morecomplaints.C.Excessivesleepiness. D.Rapidcognitivedeclines.34.Howdidthestudycollectdataonparticipants’sleep?A.Bywritingsleepdiaries. B.Bydoingtreadmilltests.C.Byconductingannualinterviews. D.Bymonitoringsleepathome.35.Whatshouldaseniorwithmobilityissuesdo?A.Livenormally. B.Reduceactivity. C.Stayawake. D.Avoidfalls.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于疲劳可能表明你患痴呆的可能性更高的研究。【32题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Ifyoufindyourselfsleepyduringyourdailyactivitiesinyourolderage,youmayneedtoconsideritmorethananinconvenience(如果你在年老时发现自己在日常活动中犯困，你可能需要考虑的不仅仅是一种不便)”可知，此处提到了犯困的问题，紧接着下文提到了可能导致的风险，所以可推测划线词可能是“疲劳”的意思。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“MCRismarkedbyslowwalkingspeedandcomplaintsofmemoryproblemsamongolderpeoplewhodon’talreadyhavedementiaoramobilitydisability.(MCR的特点是走路速度慢，在没有痴呆症或行动障碍的老年人中抱怨有记忆问题。)”可知，MCR的特点是行动缓慢。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thestudyauthorsalsocollectedyearlydataonparticipants’recollectionsoftheirsleepqualityandquantityinthetwoweeksleadinguptotheassessments.(研究作者还收集了参与者在评估前两周对睡眠质量和睡眠时间的年度回忆数据。)”可知，此处提到了关于睡眠的年度回忆数据，所以这项研究是通过年度采访收集参与者的睡眠数据的。故选C项。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Ifyou’realreadyexperiencingmobilityissues,fallpreventioncanhelp(如果你已经有行动不便的问题，预防跌倒会有所帮助)”可知，行动不便的老年人应该预防跌倒。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Takingactionisoneofthemostimportantfactorsthatwilldetermineyoursuccess.Regardlessofwhatyouwantinyourlife,whetheryouwanttogetrich,buildamulti-milliondollarbusiness,traveltheworld,orownaluxuryhouse,youneedtotakeaction.Takingactionistheonlythingthatwillconnectyoutoyourresults.___36___Theydreamaboutwhattheywantandtheytalkabouttheirgoals,butattheendoftheday,iftheydonotputintheworkandpourintheeffort,theirdreamsandtheirgoalswillnevercometrue.___37___Itisnotlikemoneyisgoingtofallfromtheskyoryouwakeupthenextdayandfindthatyouhaveyourdreamcarsittinginyourgarage.Attheageof12,Mikewascuriousandwantedtobuildafrequencycounter(频率计数器),buthedidnothavetheparts.___38___.WhathappenednextwasthatMikethoughtTom,acompanymanager,mightbeabletohelpingettingtheparts.HecheckedoutthetelephonebookforTom’snumber,andthencalledthatnumber.ToMike’ssurprise,TomansweredthephoneandthentheyoungMiketalkedtoTomandrequestedthepartsfromhim.___39___Healsoofferedhimasummerjobathiscompany,forassemblingthefrequencycounters.ThisishowMikegotintothecompany,kick-startedhiscareer,learnedaboutcomputers,andtherestbecamehistory.The12yearsoldMikemightnotknowwhatwashappeningbackthen;allheknewwasthathewantedthepartstobuildthefrequencycounter.___40___A.Nothingwillcometoyouautomatically.B.Whenyoutakeaction,everythingwillmove.C.Unfortunately,mostpeopledonottakeaction.D.Afterabout20minutesofchatting,TomagreedtogiveMiketheparts.E.Andlikeallothersuccessfulpeoplearoundtheworld,hewasfearlessintakingaction.F.Someactionsarehugeandtheymayrequirealotofyourenergyandtimetocomplete.G.However,hesomehowgottheideathatsomeoneintheindustrymayhavethepartsthathedesired.【答案】36.C37.A38.G39.D40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了行动对于成功的重要性，并以Mike为例进行说明。Mike在12岁时想要制作一个频率计数器，但没有零件，于是他采取行动，打电话给一家公司经理Tom请求帮助，最终得到了零件和一个暑期工作机会，从而开启了他的职业生涯和计算机学习之路。【36题详解】上文提到“Takingactionistheonlythingthatwillconnectyoutoyourresults.(采取行动是连接你与成果的唯一途径。)”，强调了行动的重要性，后文“Theydreamabout