浙江省Z20名校（名校新高考研究联盟）2025届高三上学期首考模拟考试英语试题 含解析

2025年1月浙江省普通高校招生选考科目考试模拟卷英语试题考生须知：1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号。3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。选择题部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Savehermoney. B.Buyagiftforhermother. C.Givehimmoreinformation.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Mother’sDayisaroundthecornerandI’mlookingforagiftformymother.Anysuggestions?M:Well,youhavetotellmeyourmom’slikesanddislikes.Also,what’syourbudget?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandothisevening?A.Cutherhair. B.Cookameal. C.Meethersister.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howwouldyoulikeyourhair?W:Alotshorter,please.MysisterwillmakeamealforustonightandIwanttosurpriseherwithanewlook.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyisthemanspeakingtothewoman?A.Toborrowherphone.B.Totellherheisrunninglate.C.Toaskherforthedrivinginstructor’snumber.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Lily,mybatteryjustdiedandImustcallmydrivinginstructortotellhimIamrunninglate.CanIborrowyourphone?W:Yes,ofcourse.Ihopeyourememberthenumber,becauseIcertainlydon’thaveit.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Seeinganeyedoctor. B.Learningmaths. C.Playingagame.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Lookstraightaheadandreadoutthelettersandnumbersonthelowestline.Canyouseethemclearly?M:Sure,Isee4,L,G,B,O,and7.W:Right.Sothereisnothingwrongwithyoureyes.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Theweather. B.Thedrivingtest. C.Theuniversityexam.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Iheardyouhadpassedthewrittenexamforyourdrivingtest.Welldone!W:Yeah!Ijustneedtopassthepracticaltestnow.Ican’twaittobeabletodrive.I’msickofhavingtowalktomyuniversity,especiallyinthiscoldwinter!第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhattypeofmusicdidDamonAlbarnmakeatthestartofhiscareer?A.Opera. B.Popmusic. C.Rockmusic.7.Whyisn’tTaylorSwiftrespectedaccordingtotheman?A.Sheisyoung. B.Sheisfemale. C.Sheisapopsinger.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:DidyouseethatarticlewhereDamonAlbarnsaidthatTaylorSwiftdidn’twriteherownsongs?M:DamonAlbarn?W:Hesangwitharockbandinthe1990s,beforebecomingpartofapopgroup.Then,healsohelpedtocreatethatopera,Monkey:JourneytotheWest.M:Oh,rightW:Well,evenifhe’sagoodmusician,he’sstillwrongaboutTaylorSwift.M:Definitely!Shebeganwritingherownsongsatayoungage.SomeofhersongsarethebestpopsongsIknow!Ithinkmanypeopledon’trespecthertalentsimplybecausesheisafemale.W:Ibetyou’reright!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.HowmuchmoneydoesWillsaveeachmonthwithhisnewprovider?A.$10. B.$15. C.$25.9.WhatisWill’sWi-Fipasswordrelatedto?A.Hisfavoritemovie. B.Hisfavoritebook. C.Hisfavoritesong.【答案】8.A9.A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Will.DidyouchangeyourInternetpassword?IwanttodownloadasongbutcannotconnecttoyourWi-Fi.ItwasworkinglasttimeIwasatyourplace.M:Ohyeah,Ichangedtheprovider.Myoldproviderincreasedtheirpriceto$25permonth.Igotanewdealfor$15permonth,andthespeedisexactlythesame.W:Thatmakessense.Ihateitwhenproviderskeeponincreasingtheirprices.Ihadasimilarproblembefore.M:Yes,that’sashameW:Sowhatisthenetworkcalled?M:LookforWillHomeandthepasswordisMaverick.W:WhatMaverick?Isitacharacterfromabook?M:No,itisfrommyfavoritemovie,TopGun!W:Ohyes,ofcourse.Ha-ha!Thankyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howmuchdoesthemealdealcost?A.$9.99. B.$10.99. C.$12.99.11.Howcanthewomanbebestdescribed?A.Shy. B.Casual. C.Friendly.12.Wherearethespeakerslikelytobe?A.Atabank. B.Atacoffeeshop. C.Atashoppingmall.【答案】10.C11.C12.B【解析】【原文】W:MayItakeyourorderplease,sir?M:Yes,canIhaveablackcoffeeandalemoncakeplease?W:Sure.CanIinterestyouinourmealdeal?M:Mealdeal?Whatisit?W:Youcanhaveadrink,apancakeandanyhotorcoldsandwichforapriceofjust$12.99.M:Hmm,andhowmuchismyordercurrently?W:$9.99.M:Thatsoundsgreat.CanIhaveahothamandcheesesandwichwithextratomatoes?W:Certainly.Goodchoicebytheway-thatismyfavoritefillingtoo.M:Ha-ha.Greatmindsthinkalike.Areyounewhere?Ihaven’tseenyoubeforeW:Yes,sir.Ijuststartedoneweekago.MynameisBeth.CanItakeyournamepleaseforyourorder?M:Sure,Beth.IamSam.Verynicetomeetyou.W:Metoo.Iwillcallyououtwhenyourorderisready.Willtherebeanythingelse?M:Ok,Beth.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhathappenedtoMr.Brown’smobilephone?A.Helostit. B.Itranoutofpower. C.Hechangedthenumber.14.WhatwillMr.Browndonextweek?A.FlytoToronto. B.Haveaninterview. C.Renewhispassport.15.OnwhichclasswillMr.Browntravel?A.Firstclass. B.Businessclass. C.Economyclass.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Airportcrewandpassenger.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Bossandemployee.【答案】13.C14.B15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:Welcomesir.Heretocheckin?M:Hello,yes.I’monthe1:45p.m.flighttoToronto.W:MayIseeyourpassportplease?M:Hereyougo.W:Oh,Mr.Brown.Wehavebeencallingyousinceyesterdayafternoon.Wasyourphoneoutofpower?Ihavesomebadnewsforyou,I’mafraidM:Ohreally?Mycellphonehasbeenonallday.W:Isthisyourcorrectnumber,endingin954?M:Ohno,Ichangedit.Thatwasmyoldworknumber.Whatistheproblemanyway?Icanstillfly,right?W:I’msosorry,Mr.Brown.Youbookedthisflightthroughyourcompanyaccount,butthecompanyhadseriousfinancialproblems.Andtheyneverpaidfortheflight.Wehadtoreleasetheeconomyclassticketbacktotheopenmarket.M:Yes,Ileftmycompanyalready.ButIhavetogetontheplanetoday.Ihaveajobinterviewnextweek.Isthereanythingyoucando?W:Letmecheck...Thefirstclassticketshavebeensoldouttoo.Inthatcase,Icanonlygetyouonbusinessclass.Butatsuchshortnotice,thepriceiscomingupat$2500.I’msosorryM:I’lltakeit.Imustmaketheinterview.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whattypeofnewsreportisit?A.Localnews. B.Worldnews. C.Nationalnews.18.Whenwerethetwoteenagerssaved?A.At6:00a.m. B.At10:00a.m. C.At10:00p.m.19.Whosavedthetwoteenagers?A.Adog. B.Alifeguard. C.Apasser-by.20.Whatdoofficialssuggestswimmersdo?A.Avoidbeaches.B.Getintothewaterslowly.C.Keeptheirdogsawayfromrivers.【答案】17A18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Goodevening,it’ssixo’clockonMondaythe4thofAugustandyou’relisteningtoThameFM.Herearethetopstoriesforthelocalarea.TwoteenagerswererescuedfromalakeinColbyatteno’clocka.m.thismorning.Thetwo13-year-oldteenagersgotintodifficultywhileswimming.Theyweresavedbyawomanwhowaspassingbywhilewalkingherdog.Itisreportedthatmorethan10peoplehavediedinthewatersincethecurrentheatwavebegan.Withtemperaturesofupto40°Cinsomeplaces,moreandmorepeoplearevisitingcoasts,lakesandrivers.Thisleadstomoreandmorewatersafetyaccidents.OfficialsfromtheInternationalSafetyCharityareaskingpeopletotakecarewhenswimmingintheheat.Swimmersshouldavoidlakesandrivers.Theycanchooseswimmingpoolsandsafebeachesbecausetherearelifeguards.Theyshouldalsoenterthewaterslowly,particularlyduringthecurrentheatwave.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AThefallto-dolistislong:Thereareapplestobepicked,beerstosip,electionstovotein,andofcourse—somanynewbookstoread!Wesortedthroughthecurrentandupcomingreleasestofind4titlesyoushouldwatchoutforthisfall.Divein!LovelyOne:AMemoirbyKetanjiBrownJackson(Sept.3)America’sfirstBlackfemaleSupremeCourtjusticewritesamemoirdetailingherearlychildhood,andthehurdlesshefacedcomingupinthelegalworld.Reagan:HisLifeandLegendbyMaxBoot(Sept.10)Forthepersoninyourlifeobsessedwithpresidentialbiographies,Boot’snewestbookisadeeplyreportedlookintothelifeofRonaldReagan.Coveringhischildhood,hisHollywoodyearsand,ofcourse,hispresidency,Bootportraysamanthatissomehowbothmoreideologicalandmorepracticalthanwemightthink.GuideMeHomebyAtticaLocke(Sept.3)DarrenMatthewsisadetectivepulledoutofretirementforonelastcase.Thistimeit’sthecaseofaBlackcollegestudentmissingfromanallwhitegirls’club.Lockeisalongtimehandatwritingcrimenovels,andthisistheconclusionofherHighway59trilogy(三部曲).ASunnyPlaceforShadyPeoplebyMarianaEnriquez,translatedbyMeganMcDowell(Sept.17)EnriquezhasmadeanameforherselfblendingsupernaturalhorrorswiththeconcretehorrorsofeverydaylifeinArgentina.Herlastnovelwasnearly600,butthisnewestoneisacollectionofshorts—likeapillowcasefulloftrick-or-treatcandies.21.WhatdoLovelyOne:AMemoirandReagan:HisLifeandLegendhaveincommon?A.Theyaresetinthepoliticalworld.B.TheydescribethepresidencyintheUSA.C.Theyarenon-fictionsbasedonpersonalexperiences.D.Theyviewthemaincharactersfromthesameperspective.22.WhatdoweknowaboutMarianaEnriquez?A.ShereleasedGuideMeHomeonSept.3.B.Shegainedrecognitionforwritingcrimefictions.C.Shewrotea600storyinthenewestpublication.D.Sheintegratedthesupernaturalwithhorrorsindailylife.23.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Amagazine. B.Anotice. C.Atextbook. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。主要是向读者介绍四本即将在秋季出版的书籍，包括每本书的作者、出版日期以及简要的内容概述。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据LovelyOne:AMemoirbyKetanjiBrownJackson(Sept.3)部分的“America’sfirstBlackfemaleSupremeCourtjusticewritesamemoirdetailingherearlychildhood,andthehurdlesshefacedcomingupinthelegalworld.(美国第一位黑人女性最高法院法官写了一本回忆录，详细描述了她的童年，以及她在法律界所面临的障碍)”以及Reagan:HisLifeandLegendbyMaxBoot(Sept.10)部分的“Forthepersoninyourlifeobsessedwithpresidentialbiographies,Boot’snewestbookisadeeplyreportedlookintothelifeofRonaldReagan.Coveringhischildhood,hisHollywoodyearsand,ofcourse,hispresidency,Bootportraysamanthatissomehowbothmoreideologicalandmorepracticalthanwemightthink.(对于你生活中痴迷于总统传记的人来说，布特的新书是对罗纳德·里根生活的深入报道。从他的童年、好莱坞岁月，当然还有他的总统任期，布特描绘了一个比我们想象的更有意识形态和更实际的人)”可知，LovelyOne:AMemoir和Reagan:HisLifeandLegend的共同之处是它们是基于个人经历的纪实小说。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ASunnyPlaceforShadyPeoplebyMarianaEnriquez,translatedbyMeganMcDowell(Sept.17)部分的“EnriquezhasmadeanameforherselfblendingsupernaturalhorrorswiththeconcretehorrorsofeverydaylifeinArgentina.(Enriquez因将超自然的恐怖与阿根廷日常生活中的具体恐怖结合在一起而闻名)”可知，MarianaEnriquez把超自然现象与日常生活中的恐怖联系在一起。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thefallto-dolistislong:Thereareapplestobepicked,beerstosip,electionstovotein,andofcourse—somanynewbookstoread!Wesortedthroughthecurrentandupcomingreleasestofind4titlesyoushouldwatchoutforthisfall.Divein!(秋季待办事项清单很长：要摘苹果、品啤酒、投票选举，当然还有——那么多新书要读！我们筛选了当前和即将出版的书籍，为你找出了这个秋天值得关注的4本书。快来看看吧！)”可知，本文主要是推荐4本书，所以应可以在杂志上发现这篇文章。故选A项。BTheygotreadyforpartiesandsharedcountlesslaughsasfreshmeninthedormitoriesoftheUniversityofMaryland.Theybondedoverbeingblackwomenatauniversitywhere,in1971,only4%ofthestudentswasblack.Friendscalledthetight-knitgroupofwomenSugarHill,andthenamesustained.Butthatwasn’ttheendofthefriendgroup.Forthepast50years,thewomenhavemetatleastonceayearfordinners,sleepoversandvacations.The16womenoftheSugarHillSisterhood,astheynowcallthemselves,haveleanedononeanotherthroughdecadesofmilestones:weddingsandgraduations,babyshowersandfunerals.“There’snochallengetoobigforthesisterhood,”saysEvereneTurner,amemberoftheteam,“Icouldcallinthetroopsinaminute.”Whilemanypeoplehavefriendshipsthatspandecades,thewomenofSugarHillaresomethingofacasestudyinwhatittakestomaintainthem.Althoughthebondamongthemwasforgedduringcollege,they’veworkedhardtostayconnectedandnurturetheirrelationships.Agroupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily,asdophonecalls,videochatsandremotegroupactivitieslikea90-dayfitnesschallenge.Theyarecommittedtotheirannualreunionsandhavemaintainedunwaveringsupportforoneanother.Inthelate1970s,oneofthegroupmembers,Dawkinswhoseboyfrienddiedinacaraccident,wasmourningthelosswhenanotherSugarHillsisterpersuadedDawkinstolivewithher.Theystayedroommatesforthenextfewyears.Dawkinssays,“Timeandfriendsaretwothingsthatbecomemorevaluabletheolderyouget.”Theirgroupnamehasbecomepartoftheiridentityandnowextendstofamilymembers.Thefriendssupportoneanother’schildrenandgrandchildren,andthechildrenofthesisterhoodalsospendtimetogether.“It’sagreatfeelingknowingthatwe’vepassedtheSugarHilllegacytoouroffspringandtheyarepassingitdowntotheiroffspring,”Jonettasays.AndbeforeDawkinsgotmarriedin1985,Jonetta’shusbandjokedtoherfiancethathiscommitmentwouldextendbeyondDawkins,“Justmakesureyouwanttodothis—you’remarryingher,butyou’remarrying15othersistersaswell.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutthewomenoftheSugarHill?A.Theywereenthusiastsofparties.B.Theygraduatedfromuniversityin1971.C.Theycamefromdifferentracialbackgrounds.D.Theydevelopedatight-knitrelationshipatuniversity.25.WhatcanbeinferredfromEvereneTurner’swordsinparagraph2?A.Shehasapackofsoldierstobackherup.B.Theyhaveneverencounteredbigproblems.C.Theycanuniteasawholewhenevertheyareneeded.D.Shecanhelpmakeemergencycallswhenhelpisneeded.26.Accordingtothetext,howdothewomenprobablythinkofmaintainingadistancerelationship?A.Itpresentschallengesbutisrewarding.B.Ittakesequalinvestmentamongthem.C.In-personinteractionisunnecessarywithtelecommunication.D.Physicaldistanceincreasestheirappreciationforthetimespenttogether.27.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthetext?A.Todemonstratewomen’spower. B.Toillustratethesignificanceoffriendship.C.Toshareasisterhoodthatlastsalifetime. D.Toentertainreaderswithanunusualanecdote.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群黑人女性组成姐妹团体的故事，她们在大学时期建立了深厚的友谊，并在过去50年中通过各种方式保持联系，互相支持，共同经历了人生的重要时刻，并将这种友谊传承给了下一代。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheygotreadyforpartiesandsharedcountlesslaughsasfreshmeninthedormitoriesoftheUniversityofMaryland.Theybondedoverbeingblackwomenatauniversitywhere,in1971,only4%ofthestudentswasblack.Friendscalledthetight-knitgroupofwomenSugarHill,andthenamesustained.(她们在马里兰大学的新生宿舍里为派对做准备，分享了无数欢笑。1971年，在一所黑人学生只占4%的大学里，她们作为黑人女性团结在一起。朋友们称这个团结的女性团体为SugarHill，这个名字一直沿用至今)”可知，这个团体里的女性在大学时期建立了紧密关系。故选D项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中EvereneTurner所说的话“There’snochallengetoobigforthesisterhood(对姐妹们来说，没有什么挑战是不可能的)”和“Icouldcallinthetroopsinaminute.(我可以马上叫队伍来)”可知，她认为她们能一起战胜任何挑战，而且如果有困难，可以立即为对方提供支持。由此可知，她们在需要时能够作为一个整体团结起来。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Althoughthebondamongthemwasforgedduringcollege,they’veworkedhardtostayconnectedandnurturetheirrelationships.Agroupchathelpsthemstayintouchdaily,asdophonecalls,videochatsandremotegroupactivitieslikea90-dayfitnesschallenge.Theyarecommittedtotheirannualreunionsandhavemaintainedunwaveringsupportforoneanother.(虽然她们之间的纽带是在大学期间形成的，但她们一直努力保持联系并培养她们的关系。群聊可以帮助她们每天保持联系，电话、视频聊天和90天健身挑战一类的远程小组活动也可以。她们每年都会举行聚会，并坚定不移地相互支持)”和第四段中“Timeandfriendsaretwothingsthatbecomemorevaluabletheolderyouget.(随着年龄的增长，时间和朋友这两样东西变得越来越珍贵)”可知，她们一直为保持联系付出各种努力，而这份友谊随岁月流逝而越发弥足珍贵。因此，对她们而言，尽管维持远距离关系有挑战，但这是值得的。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Friendscalledthetight-knitgroupofwomenSugarHill,andthenamesustained.(朋友们称这个团结的女性团体为SugarHill，这个名字一直沿用至今)”和最后一段中“Theirgroupnamehasbecomepartoftheiridentityandnowextendstofamilymembers.(她们的团体名称已经成为她们身份的一部分，现在延伸到家庭成员)”可知，文章讲述了SugarHillSisterhood从大学时期到50年后的深厚友谊，强调了她们如何克服挑战并维持关系。因此，文章的目的应该是分享这段持续一生的姐妹情谊。故选C项。CWhenwe’reangry,weoftenlookforwaystoblowoffsteam-avent(发泄)sessionwithafriend,alongrun,orevenafewroundsofboxingarecommonoptions.But,accordingtonewresearch,thisactuallyisn’tthebestwaytocopewithanger.Theseactivitiescanhavetheoppositeeffect.AstudypublishedinClinicalPsychologyReviewshowsthatmindfulnessactivities,suchasyoga,meditation,anddeepbreathing,aremuchmoreeffectiveinreducinganger.SophieKjærvik,anexpertatVirginiaCommonwealthUniversity,ledthestudyatOhioStateUniversity.Shewasinspiredbytheriseinpopularityofragerooms,whichpromotesmashingthingsasawaytocopewithanger.“Iwantedtodisprovethetheoryofexpressingangerasawayofcopingwithit,”shesaid.Kjærvikandherteamanalyzedover150studiesinvolving10,189participantsofdifferentbackgrounds.TheanalysiswasguidedbytheSchachter-Singertwo-factortheory,whichstatesthatemotionsareguidedbyphysiologicalarousal(激活)andcognitiveassessment.Kjærvikwantedtoseehowarousallevelsaffectpeople’sabilitiestocopewithanger.Theteamanalyzedactivitiesthatincreasedarousal,suchashittingabag,jogging,cycling,andswimming,versusarousal-decreasingactivities.Theydiscoveredthatmindfulnessactivitieslikedeepbreathing,relaxation,meditation,slow-flowyoga,progressivemusclerelaxation,andtakingatimeoutalldecreasedangerlevels.“Ithinkit’sreallyimportanttobreakthemyththatifyou’reangryyoushouldblowoffsteam-getitoffyourchest,”saysBradBushman,aprofessoratOhioStateUniversity.“Ventingangermightsoundlikeagoodidea,butthere’snotashredofscientificevidencetosupportcatharsis(宣泄)theory.Toreduceanger,itisbettertoengageinactivitiesthatdecreasearousallevels.”Whilethesefindingsmightcontradictpopularinstincts,thebestapproachistousethesamestrategiesweadopttocombatstress.“Progressivemusclerelaxationandgeneralrelaxationmightbeaseffectiveasmindfulnessandmeditation,”Kjærviksays.“Thesamestrategiesthatworkforstressalsoworkforanger.”28.WhatwasthemainpurposeofSophieKjærvik’sstudy?A.TopromotetheSchachter-Singertwo-factortheory.B.Tocomparedifferentphysicalactivitiesinreducinganger.C.Tochallengetheideathatexpressingangercanmanageanger.D.Toconfirmthefunctionofrageroomsincopingwithanger.29.Whichiscorrectaccordingtothediscoveryofthestudy?A.Rageroomsworkinreleasinganger.B.Reducingarousalhelpstoalleviateanger.C.Arousalplaystheroleasanangerextinguisher.D.Deepbreathingandmeditationcanboostarousal.30.WhatisBradBushman’sattitudetowardscatharsistheory?A.Supportive. B.Neutral. C.Indifferent. D.Skeptical.31.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.VentingAnger:theBrokenMythforAngerManagementB.MindfulnessActivities:anAlternativetoReducingAngerC.ArousalIncrease:MindfulnessActivitiesOutperformingVentingD.ManagingEmotions:PhysicalActivitiesasanEffectiveApproach【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究结果：正念活动，如瑜伽、冥想和深呼吸，在减少愤怒方面更有效，而不是传统观念中的宣泄愤怒。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“AstudypublishedinClinicalPsychologyReviewshowsthatmindfulnessactivities,suchasyoga,meditation,anddeepbreathing,aremuchmoreeffectiveinreducinganger.SophieKjærvik,anexpertatVirginiaCommonwealthUniversity,ledthestudyatOhioStateUniversity.Shewasinspiredbytheriseinpopularityofragerooms,whichpromotesmashingthingsasawaytocopewithanger.“Iwantedtodisprovethetheoryofexpressingangerasawayofcopingwithit,”shesaid.(发表在《临床心理学评论》上的一项研究表明，正念活动，如瑜伽、冥想和深呼吸，在减少愤怒方面更有效。弗吉尼亚联邦大学的专家sophieeKjærvik在俄亥俄州立大学领导了这项研究。她的灵感来自于风靡一时的《愤怒房间》，这款游戏提倡用砸东西的方式来应对愤怒。“我想推翻把表达愤怒作为一种应对方式的理论，”她说。)”可以推论出，SophieKjærvik的研究目的是挑战“表达愤怒可以控制愤怒”的观点。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“Toreduceanger,itisbettertoengageinactivitiesthatdecreasearousallevels.(为了减少愤怒，最好是参加一些降低兴奋水平的活动。)”可知，减少兴奋有助于缓解愤怒。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Ithinkit’sreallyimportanttobreakthemyththatifyou’reangryyoushouldblowoffsteam—getitoffyourchest,”saysBradBushman,aprofessoratOhioStateUniversity.“Ventingangermightsoundlikeagoodidea,butthere’snotashredofscientificevidencetosupportcatharsis(宣泄)theory.Toreduceanger,itisbettertoengageinactivitiesthatdecreasearousallevels.”(俄亥俄州立大学的布拉德·布什曼教授说：“我认为，打破愤怒时应该发泄的神话非常重要。”“发泄愤怒听起来可能是一个好主意，但没有一丝科学证据支持宣泄理论。为了减少愤怒，最好是参加一些降低唤醒水平的活动。”)”可知，布拉德•布什曼教授认为宣泄理论没有科学依据，所以，他对宣泄理论持怀疑的态度。故选D项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项研究结果：正念活动，如瑜伽、冥想和深呼吸，在减少愤怒方面更有效，而不是传统观念中的宣泄愤怒。所以用B项“MindfulnessActivities:anAlternativetoReducingAnger(正念活动：减少愤怒的替代方法)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选B项。DVastplainsofsolarpanelscanhelpnaturemorethancleanenergy:Aspopulationsofcrucialpollinators(虫媒)decline,developershavebeenseedingthegroundsoftheirsolararrays(阵列)withnativewildflowers.Nowafive-yearstudypublishedinEnvironmentalResearchLetters,confirmsthatthisapproachbooststhepollinators’abundanceanddiversity——withspilloverbenefitsforsurroundingfarms.From2018through2022,ArgonneNationalLaboratorylandscapeecologistLeroyJ.Walstonandhiscolleaguesregularlyvisitedtwosucharrayscoveringhectares(公顷)eachinsouthernMinnesota.Thescientistsrecordedthenumberandkindsofpollinatorsthewildflowersattractedandfoundpopulationsofbees,beetles,butterflies,moths,andmorehadincreasedon-site——evenastheycontinueddecliningelsewhereintheU.S.Humans’pesticideuse,greenhousegasemissionsandhabitatdestructionhavecausedmasspollinatordie-offs.Monarchbutterflynumbers,forexample,havedecreasedby80percentnationwideinthepasttwodecades,andaccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity’s2017report,nearlyoneinfournativebeespeciesisendangeredandatincreasingriskofextinction.Furtherbiglosseswouldbedisastrousforecosystemsandagriculture:75percentofNorthAmericanplantspeciesrelyonpollinators.Thefederalgovernment’senergygoalsrequireseveralmillionhectaresforsolarenergy,withmorethan80percentoftheprojectsplannedforformeragriculturalland;seedingitthiswaycouldhelpsaveendangeredpollinators.Duringtheirstudy,Walstonandhisteamwatchedgoldenrodsoldierbeetlesboomastheirnamesakeflower,goldenrodbloomedaroundthearrays.Asotherflowersbloomed,asymphonyofinsectsappeared.Nativebeessawthemoststunninggrowth,withtheirpopulationincreasing20timesbythestudy’send.Monarchbutterfliesalsoincreasedinnumberandflutteredtheirdottedwingsacrossthesites.Twiceasmanybeesvisitedsoybeanfieldsclosetothesolarsitesasfieldsfartheraway,makingthenearbyplots’gainscomparabletothoseofneighboringlandenrolledinconservationprograms.Theapproach’sefficacyinotherpartsofthecountry—suchasthedesertSouthwest—remainstobeseen.Nevertheless,asWalstonsays,atleastintheMidwest,“ifyouplantit,yeah,they’llcome.”32.Whatdoesthe5-yearstudyfocuson?A.Thenumberofpollinators. B.Theinfluenceofsolarpanelsoninsects.C.Theeffectofwildflowerseedingproject. D.Theexploitationofalternativecleanenergy.33.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Nativebeespeciesareindangerofdyingout.B.Pollinatorpopulationsaredecreasingatanalarmingrate.C.NorthernAmericanagriculturefallsvictimtosolarpanels.D.Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestomeetthedemandsforsolarenergy.34.Whydoestheauthormentiongoldenrodsoldierbeetlesinparagraph4?A.Tohighlighttheecologicalcrisis.B.Toillustrateamutuallybeneficialrelationship.C.Toprovethesuccessofconservationprograms.D.Toindicatetheoutcomethewildflowerplanting.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“efficacy”inparagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Effectiveness. B.Limitation. C.Response. D.Risk.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在太阳能板阵列中种植本土野花对传粉昆虫的积极影响。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Nowafive-yearstudypublishedinEnvironmentalResearchLetters,confirmsthatthisapproachbooststhepollinators’abundanceanddiversity——withspilloverbenefitsforsurroundingfarms.(现在，发表在《环境研究快报》上的一项为期五年的研究证实，这种方法增加了授粉媒介的数量和多样性——对周围农场也有溢出效益。)”可知，这个五年研究关注野花播种项目的效果。故选C。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Humans’pesticideuse,greenhousegasemissionsandhabitatdestructionhavecausedmasspollinatordie-offs.Monarchbutterflynumbers,forexample,havedecreasedby80percentnationwideinthepasttwodecades,andaccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity’s2017report,nearlyoneinfournativebeespeciesisendangeredandatincreasingriskofextinction.(人类的农药使用、温室气体排放和栖息地破坏已经导致大量传粉者死亡。例如，在过去的二十年里，全美帝王蝶的数量减少了80%，根据生物多样性中心2017年的报告，近四分之一的本土蜜蜂物种濒临灭绝，灭绝风险不断增加。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是传粉者数量正以惊人的速度减少。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Duringtheirstudy,Walstonandhisteamwatchedgoldenrodsoldierbeetlesboomastheirnamesakeflower,goldenrodbloomedaroundthearrays.(在研究期间，随着以金盏花虎甲虫命名的金盏花在阵列周围盛开，Walston和他的团队观察到金盏花虎甲虫大量繁殖)”可知，作者在第四段提到金盏花虎甲虫是为了表明野花种植的结果。故选D。【35题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段划线词上文“Theapproach’s(这种方法)”及下文“inotherpartsofthecountry—suchasthedesertSouthwest—remainstobeseen.Nevertheless,asWalstonsays,atleastintheMidwest,“ifyouplantit,yeah,they’llcome.”(在美国其他地区，如西南部沙漠，还有待观察。尽管如此，正如沃尔斯顿所说，至少在中西部，“如果你种植它，是的，它们会来。”)”可知，此处指这种方法在其他地区是否能取得类似的效果，由此可知，画线词efficacy与Effectiveness(有效性)意思相近。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Intoday’sfast-paceddigitalworld,electronicwaste,ore-waste,hasbecomeasignificantenvironmentalconcern.AccordingtotheGlobalE-wasteStatisticsPartnership(GESP),arecord53.6milliontonnesofe-wastewasproducedgloballyin2019,increasing21%injustfiveyears.By2050,thevolumeofe-wastecouldtop120milliontonnesannually.____36____Theimproperdisposalofitposesseriousthreatstotheenvironmentandhumanhealthbecauseofthepresenceofharmfulmaterialssuchasleadandmercury.____37____Itisduetotheirrapidlyd