第五组报告研究报告

第五組報告Vocabularyopenup－打開<->closeup－使變狹窄;靠攏yield(v.)－產生=produceinfringe(v.)－違反=violate，breaksanctity(n.)－神聖=godlinessburial(adj.)－葬禮的(n.)葬禮remains(n.)－遺跡=ruinstrack(n.)－足跡,痕跡PennState－賓州Sequence(v.)－按順序排列extinct(adj.)－絕種的geneticist(n.)－遺傳學家fragment(n.)－碎片clone(v.)－複製interbred(v.)－種間雜交TRANSLATIONThesuccessofancientDNAanalysisislikelytoopenupvaluablenewsourcesofarchaeologicalinformationintheUnitedStates.分析出古老DNA的成功實例很有可能開啟一些在美國具有價值且新的考古學資訊。Coprolites-storedinthethousandsinmuseumalloverthecountry-mayyieldanswersfromthedistantpastwithoutinfringingonAmericanIndianbeliefaboutthesanctityofburialremains.遍佈於國家的博物館中的上千件文物中所儲存的糞化石，糞化石可能會使我們找到有關遠古過去的相關答案，而不會去侵犯到美國印地安人對於已埋藏的物體為神聖的信念。Thetechniquehaspromise-andaquicklygrowingtrackrecord-inotherarenas,aswell.這項有著高成長紀錄的技術在其他的領域中也是令人值得期待。In2002,PennStateresearcherBethShapiro,thenattheUniversityofOxford,successfullysequencedtheDNAofthedodobird,extinctformorethanthreecenturies-anddiscoverdeditwasacloserelativeofthepigeon.在2002年時，目前就讀於牛津大學的賓州研究員BethShapiro成功地解開了已消失三個世紀多的豆豆鳥的基因，而且發現他和鴿子的親緣關係非接近。In2006,HendrikPoinar,ageneticistatMcMasterUniversityinCanada,sequencedmostofawoollymammoth’sgenomefromfragmentsofbone,proving-atleastintheory–thatcloningonemightbepossible.在2006年時，一個位在加拿大McMaster大學的遺傳學者HendrikPoinar從長毛象的骨頭碎片中解開了大部分長毛象的基因，至少從理論上證實，複製長毛象是可能發生的。AndalabinGermanyhasbeenresearchingthegeneticsofNeanderthalstoseehowcloselytheywererelatedtomodernhumans-andifthetwospeciesinterbred.到目前為止，德國的實驗室仍持續在研究尼安德特人的基因與可能為兩種生物混種的現代人類的基因之關係有多親近。Mainidea

ThemainideaofthetwoparagraphisusingancientDNAanalysistoanswerarchaeologicalmystery.Forexample,coprolitesmayyieldanswersfromthedistantpast,dodobirdsareconsideredacloserelativeofthepigeonbeacauseoftheirDNA,awoollymammoth’sgenomefromfragmentsofboneproviding-atleastintheory-thatcloningonemightbepossible,andwealsocanknowhowcloselyNeanderthalswererelatedtomodernhumansandifthetwospeciesinterbred.Therefore,withthetechniqueofDNAanalysisprogressing,wemayknowmoreaboutpastandevendotheleastdamageonobjects,creatures,andenvironment.SentenceevidencesIn2006,HendrikPoinar,ageneticistatMcMasterUniversityinCanada,sequencedmostofawoollymammoth’sgenomefromfragmentsofbone,proving-atleastintheory-thatcloningonemightbepossible.Sequenced:為主要動詞Proving:為分詞構句,原式為:,andproved

分詞構句:兩個句字,若主詞相同,則第二個主詞和連接詞省略,保留動詞Ex:Afteryoutakethemedicine,you’llfeelbetter.→Takingmedicine,you’llfeelbetter.有時連接詞也可以保留,做強調→Aftertakingmedicine,you’llfeelbetter.KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpeciesKingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpeciesDomainKingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpeciesDomainDomainArchaeaDomainBacteriaDomainEukaryaKingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenus