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语言伴侣(88)阅读理解ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedintheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFeamin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Atenyearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.Nauru'srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸盐)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichwasaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystripmines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Stripminingtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem-theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.解题导语:瑙鲁曾经是一个秀丽的地方,但由于人们无节制地开采磷酸盐,它可能永久不能再恢复原来的生态了。1.Whatmightbetheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToseekhelpforNauru'sproblems.B.Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.C.Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D.Togiveawarningtoothercountries.解析:写作意图题。依据第一段“Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence-othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.”可知选D。答案:D2.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A.Peacefulandattractive.B.Modernandopen.C.Richandpowerful.D.Greedyandaggressive.解析:细节理解题。依据第一段“ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.”可知选A。答案:A3.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom________.A.soilpollutionB.phosphateoverminingC.farmingactivityD.whalehunting解析:细节理解题。依据最终一段“theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.”可知选B。答案:B4.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru'sfinancialproblem?A.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.B.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.解析:细节理解题。依据最终一段“theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.”可知选C。答案:C5.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?A.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts'wordsseriously.B.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.解析:推理推断题。依据“Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.”可知选B。答案:B短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一条横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Marywasanuniversitystudent.Shedidn'thavemuchmoneyandherparentswerenotrich,andshehadanunclewhohadbeenfortunatelyenoughtocollectgreatwealth.HealwaysgivehervaluableChristmasandbirthdaypresents.Whenheruncle'sbirthdaycameround,Marywantedbuyhimsomethingreallyspecial,butbecauseshewasrich,shedidnotknowhowtogethim.Shewentintothebestshopinhertownandexplainedwhatherproblemwastooneofhelpfulshopassistant.Finallysheasked,“Whatdoyouhaveforsomeonewhohasalreadygoteverythinghewantsorneeds.”Theassistantsigheddeepandanswered,“Envy,onlyenvy.”答案:Marywaseq\f(an,a)universitystudent.Shedidn'thavemuchmoneyandherparentswerenotrich,eq\f(and,but)shehadanunclewhohadbeeneq\f(fortunately,fortunate)enoughtocollectgreatwealth.Healwayseq\f(give,gave)hervaluableChristmasandbirthdaypresents.Whenheruncle'sbirthdaycameround,Marywantedbuyhimsomethingreallyspecial,butbecauseeq\f(she,he)wasrich,shedidnotknoweq\f(how,what)togethim.Shewentintothebest
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