《红对勾》2022届高考英语人教版新课标一轮总复习-滚动测试14

课时作业14Astronomy：thescienceofthestarsⅠ.阅读理解InLosAngeles,driversspendsixty­onehourseveryyearstuckintraffic.Thesedriversknowalltoowellhowbadthetrafficcanbe.“There'retoomanycars,andyoucan'tmovearoundalot.”ProfessorCyrusShahabialsoknowsabouttrafficjams.Helivesmorethan65kilometersfromhisofficeattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,inLosAngeles.Heisalwayslateevenwiththehelpofanavigation(导航)system.HedecidedtodevelopaprogramcalledClearPathforthat.Hesayshisprogramuseshistoricaldatatopredicttrafficconditionsevenbeforethedriverleavesthehouse.“What'suniqueisthatweusealotofdatathat'scurrentlybecomeavailableincludingtrafficdata,weatherdata,andweanalyzethatsothatwecanpredictwhat'sgoingtohappeninfrontofyouwhenyouleavehome.”ProfessorShahabisayshissystemdoesmorethanjustrespondtocurrenttrafficconditions.WithClearPath,hesays,adrivercandecidewhattimehewantstoleave,andClearPathwillgivethefastestroute.Itlooksattheentireroadnetwork,includingsurfacestreetsaswellashighways,beforethedriverhitstheroad.ProfessorShahabihopestohaveClearPathavailablenationwideandoverseasoncetheycancollecttrafficdatafromothercities.“IalwaysthoughtthatLosAngeleshadtheworsttraffic,butnowIknowthatShanghai,Beijing,Seoul,Tokyo,believeitornot,Singapore,HongKongcertainlyareexamplesthatcanimmediatelyusethis.”ProfessorShahabihopestosharethisnewtechnologywithcompaniesthatalreadyhavenavigationsystems,suchasGoogleandApple.1．DriversinLosAngeleswerementionedinorderto______.A．showcareforthem B．introducetheirlifeC．solvetrafficproblems D．raisethetopic2．WhatisuniqueaboutClearPath?A．Itcanusealotofinformationallovertheworld.B．Itcanensurethatyouwillneverbelateforwork.C．Ithelpsdriversseeclearlywhathappensontheroad.D．Ithelpsdriversknowtheroadconditionsaheadoftime.3．Theunderlinedword“hits”inthefourthparagraphprobablymeans________.A．haveanaccident B．gettoC．turnleftorright D．collecttrafficdata4．What'sProfessorShahabi'sattitudetowardhisinvention?A．Disappointed. B．Proud.C．Optimistic. D．Worried.答案与解析1．D写作意图题。通过举例来引起下文，提出主题。2．D细节理解题。由第三段中What'suniqueisthatweusealotofdatathat'scurrently...sothatwecanpredictwhat'sgoingtohappeninfrontofyouwhenyouleavehome.可知。3．B词义猜想题。由本段上一句可知，在司机动身之前，这个系统会对路况进行分析。4．C观点态度题。由文章最终一段可知，ProfessorShahabi期望自己的制造能够得到进一步推广，对前景很乐观。Ⅱ.完形填空DaleCarnegierosefromtheunknownofaMissourifarmtointernationalfamebecausehefoundawaytofillauniversalhumanneed.Itwasaneedthathefirst__1__backin1906whenyoungDalewasajunioratStateTeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.Togetan__2__，hewasstrugglingagainstmanydifficulties.Hisfamilywaspoor.HisDadcouldn'taffordthe__3__atcollege,soDalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Studyhadtobedone__4__hisfarmworkroutines.Hewithdrewfrommanyschoolactivities__5__hedidn'thavethetimeorthe__6__.Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.Hetried__7__thefootballteam,butthecoachturnedhimdownforbeingtoo__8__.DuringthisperiodDalewasslowly__9__aninferioritycomplex(自卑感),whichhismotherknewcould__10__himfromachievinghisrealpotential.She__11__thatDalejointhedebatingteam,believingthat__12__inspeakingcouldgivehimtheconfidenceandrecognitionthatheneeded.Daletookhismother'sadvice,trieddesperatelyandafterseveralattempts__13__madeit.Thisprovedtobea__14__pointinhislife.Speakingbeforegroupsdidhelphimgainthe__15__heneeded.BythetimeDalewasasenior,hehadwoneverytophonorin__16__.Nowotherstudentswerecomingtohimforcoachingandthey,__17__，werewinningcontests.Outofthisearlystruggleto__18__hisfeelingsofinferiority,Dalecametounderstandthattheabilityto__19__anideatoanaudiencebuildsaperson'sconfidence.And,__20__it,Daleknewhecoulddoanythinghewantedtodo—andsocouldothers.1．A.admitted B．filledC．supplied D．recognized2．A.assignment B．educationC．advantage D．instruction3．A.training B．boardC．teaching D．equipment4．A.between B．duringC．over D．through5．A.while B．whenC．because D．though6．A.permits B．interestC．talent D．clothes7．A.on B．forC．in D．with8．A.light B．flexibleC．optimistic D．outgoing9．A.gaining B．achievingC．developing D．obtaining10．A.prevent B．protectC．save D．free11．A.suggested B．demandedC．required D．insisted12．A.presence B．practiceC．patience D．potential13．A.hopefully B．certainlyC．finally D．naturally14．A.key B．breakingC．basic D．turning15．A.progress B．experienceC．competence D．confidence16．A.horseriding B．footballC．speech D．farming17．A.inreturn B．inbriefC．inturn D．infact18．A.convey B．overcomeC．understand D．build19．A.express B．stressC．contribute D．repeat20．A.besides B．beyondC．like D．with答案与解析本文为记叙文，主要介绍美国出名的人际关系学大师戴尔·卡耐基是如何通过演讲克服自卑走向成功的故事。1．D此处表示这是在1906年他第一次生疏到的一种需要。故用recognize“认出；生疏到；了解”。2．B依据下文提到的他的高校经受可知，此处表示他想接受训练。故用education。3．B他家庭很穷，他父亲付不起食宿费，因此他要骑马来回学校。training“训练”；board“食宿”；teaching“教学”；equipment“设备”，依据句意可知B项正确。4．A他不但要在农场工作，也要去上学。between“在……之间”符合语境。5．C他放弃很多学校活动，由于他没有时间或合适的服装。此处表示缘由，故用because。6．D依据下文的“Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.”可知，此处表示没有参与这些活动的服装。7．B此处表示他为了进足球队努力过，但被教练拒绝。for表示目的。8．A只有light“轻”才能符合教练拒绝的理由。此处表示他身材矮小，体重轻。flexible“机敏的”；optimistic“乐观的”；outgoing“外向的”。9．C在这段时间里他渐渐地产生了自卑感。gain“获得”；achieve“完成，实现”；develop“进展，培育，形成”；obtain“获得”。此处表示渐渐培育的一种过程，故用develop。10．A他母亲知道这会阻挡他发挥他的潜能。prevent...fromdoing“阻挡……做某事”。11．A依据下文第三段开头“Daletookhismother'sadvice.”可知，此处表示他母亲对他的提议。故只有suggest合适。12．B母亲认为让他参与辩论小组，通过演讲可以让他获得信念。presence“在场”；practice“练习”；patience“急躁”；potential“潜能”。故B项正确。13．C他听从母亲的建议，发奋努力，经过几次尝试最终获得成功。finally“最终；最终”符合句意。14．D这次成功对他来说是一个转折点。aturningpoint“一个转折点”符合语境，表示他由自卑转为自信。15．D依据上下文可知他通过演讲最终获得他所需要的信念。progress“进步”；experience“阅历，经受”；competence“力气”；confidence“信念”。D项符合语境。16．C依据上文提到的speaking可知，他在演讲方面获得每一个最高荣誉。故用speech。17．C他开头指导同学演讲，而他们也反过来赢得了多场竞赛。inreturn“作为回报”；inbrief“简言之”；inturn“反过来；依次”；infact“事实上”。依据句意可知C项正确。18．B依据句意可知，此处表示他努力克服自卑。convey“传达”；overcome“克服”；undertake“担当，从事”；build“建立”。依据句意可知B项正确。19．A此处表示通过演讲来表达自己的想法，故要用express“表达”。20．D通过这段经受，他开头明白对观众表达思想的这种力气能让人树立自信。他也明白，只要有了自信，他就能做成任何自己想做的事情；别人也是如此。with表示“具有，带有”；空格后的it指代前面提到的confidence。Ⅲ.语法填空Susan：I'msogladtoseeyou,David.__1__hasbeensuchalongtime.Howareyou?David：I'mfine,andyou?Susan：I'mjustwonderful.God,timegoesbysoquickly!AreyougoingtotheairqualityconferenceinChicago?David：Iam.AndI'mreallygladtoseeyou.Itwasnotuntillastnight__2__Ifoundyournameintheconferencematerials,butitdidn'tcometomymindthatwewouldmeetontheplane.Susan：I'mafraidIhaven'thadtimetolookat__3__conferencematerialsverycarefully.Ihadnoideayouwerecoming,butIamcertainlygladtoseeyou.Iwasfeelingverynervousaboutgoingthere__4__friends.David：Icanimagine.MyEnglishhasgottennotsofluentsinceIreturnedfromtheStates,__5__I'mrathernervousmyself.ButIsawthatyouwouldgivethemostimportanttalkattheconference.Susan：__6__(frank)speaking,I'mscaredto__7__(die)aboutit.David：I'mjustgivingatalkinoneoftheworkshopsections,andIhopeIwon'tmakeallofyou__8__(disappoint)．Susan：ButyourEnglishismuch__9__(good)thanmine.David：Butyou'renowtheDirectoroftheAirQualityInstitute,soyou__10__knowthetechnicalterms.Susan：Maybe.ButIstillcan'tunderstandtotallyalotoftechnicaltermsinmyfield.答案与解析1．Itit代替时间。2．thatItwasnotuntil...that...强调句型。3．the该空表特指，故用定冠词the。4．withoutwithoutfriends没有伴侣。5．so/thus/therefore该空表“因此”，故用so/thus/therefore。6．Franklyfranklyspeaking说实话。7．deathbescaredtodeath吓死。8．disappointed形容词作宾语补足语。9．bettermuch后跟形容词的比较级。10．mustmust表示确定推想，表示“确定”。Ⅳ.短文改错(2021·浙江省乐清市月考)Mymotherisateacherworkinakeyhighschool.Sheistoobusythatsheoftenhastogetupearlyandstayuplate.Inadditiontothis,shehardlyhasanytimestotakeexercise.Shehasbeenonpoorhealthforsometime.MyfatherandIareworriedthatshemayfallillifsheworkstoohard.ThesedaysI'mthinkingwhytodevelopmymother'sinterestinplayingsports.ConsideredthattodayisMother'sDay,Idecidedbuyapairofjoggingshoesforher.Isecretputthemonthedeskinherstudy.Whenmymotherenteredintoherstudythisevening,shelookedsurprised,bu