2021高考英语(三月)阅读、完形填空自练(2)答案(西安)

2021高考英语（三月）阅读、完形填空自练（2）答案（西安）阅读理解(2022·山东试验中学一模)GlobalPositioningSystems(全球定位系统)arenowapartofeverydaydrivinginmanycountries.Thesesatellite­basedsystemsprovideturn­by­turndirectionstohelppeoplegettowheretheywanttogo.However，theycanalsocausealotofproblems，sendyoutothewrongplaceorleaveyoucompletelylost.Manytimes，thedriveristoblame.SometimesaGPSerrorisresponsible.Mostoften，saysBarryBrown，itisacombinationofthetwo.BarryBrowniswiththeMobileLifeCentreinStockholm，Sweden.HetoldusaboutanincidentinvolvingafriendwhohadflowntoanairportintheeasternUnitedStates.ThereheborrowedaGPS­equippedcartouseduringhisstay.MrBrownsays，“Theyjustpluggedinanaddressandthensetofftotheirdestination.And，thenitwasn’tuntiltheyweredrivingforthirtyminutesthattheyrealizedtheyactuallyputinadestinationbackontheWestCoastwheretheylived.Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.Soagain，theGPSiskindof‘garbageingarbageout’．”MrBrownsaysthisisacommonhumanerror，butwhatmakestheproblemworsehastodowithsomeoftheshortcomings，orfailures，ofGPSequipment.Hesays，“OneproblemwithalotoftheGPSunitsistheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.Becausetheyjustgiveyouthenextturn，sometimesthatmeansthatitisnotreallygivingyoutheoverviewthatyouwouldneedtoknowthatit’sgoingtothewrongplace.”MrBrownsays，“Oneofthethingsthatstruckus，perhapsthemostimportantthingwasthatyouhavetoknowwhatyou’redoingwhenyouuseaGPS.Therearethesenewskillsthatpeoplehavedeveloped.Therearethesenewcompetencies(资格)thatyouneedtohavetobeabletouseaGPSbecausetheysometimesgowrong.ThisgoesagainstacommonbeliefthatGPSsystemsareforpassivedriverswholacknavigationalskills.”BarryBrownsaystomakeGPSsystemsbetterweneedabetterunderstandingofhowdrivers，passengersandGPSsystemsworktogether.1．AccordingtoBarryBrow，inmostcases，________areblamefortheproblems.A．humanerrorsB．GPSerrorsC．errorscausedbybothdriversandGPSD．errorscausedbyputtinginawrongaddress2．TheexampleofBarryBrown’sfriendisusedtoshowthat________.A．GPSisnothingbutgarbageB．GPSisstillnotaccurateenoughC．itisdifficultfordriverstouseGPSequipmentD．sometimesdriversareresponsiblefortheproblem3．Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat________.A．it’simpossibletodrivefromtheeasttothewestintheUSB．BarryBrown’sfriendwenttoStockholm，SwedenbyplaneC．givenwronginstructions，theGPSwillproducewrongresultsD．GPSsystemsareforpassivedriverswholacknavigationalskills4．WhichofthefollowingsisoneoftheshortcomingsofGPSequipment?A．Itjusttellsthedrivertoturnonceatatime.B．Itgivesthedrivertheoverview.C．Itsscreenistoosmalltobeseenclearly.D．Itisonlysuitableforpassivedrivers.5．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．GPSsystemsarehelpfulfordrivers.B．DrivingwithGPScanbedifficulttonavigate(导航)．C．DriversshouldunderstandhowGPSsystemswork.D．DriversshouldlearntouseGPSsystemscorrectly.语篇解读本文是一篇谈论文。文章主要介绍了开车用GPS导航系统也很难导航。1．解析：细节理解题。依据文章第一段最终一句“Mostoften，saysBarryBrown，itisacombinationofthetwo.”可知，答案C符合文意。答案：C2．解析：推理推断题。依据文章其次段倒数其次句“Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.”可知，这次走错方向是由于人的疏忽导致的，不是GPS系统的缘由，故答案D正确。答案：D3．解析：推理推断题。依据文章其次段最终两句“Theyactuallypuytheirhomeaddressin.Soagain，theGPSiskindof‘garbageingarbageout’．”和对全段的整体理解可知，答案C“给错误的指令，导航系统就会产生错误的结果”符合文意。答案：C4．解析：细节理解题。依据文章第三段其次句“Hesays，‘OneproblemwithalotoftheGPSunitsistheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.’”可知，答案A符合文意。答案：A5．解析：主旨大意题。依据文章第一段第三句“However，theycanalsocausealotofproblems，sendyoutothewrongplaceorleaveyoucompletelylost.”的开篇点题和对全文的整体理解可推知，答案B“开车用GPS导航系统有时候也很难导航”最能概括文章大意。答案：B。【阅读理解】【来自高考重庆卷】Skepticsareastrangelot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenviroment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople，sayskeptics，spreadnothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The“eco­guilt”broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.PerhapsthatexplainswhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook，TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe“realstateoftheworld”asfine.Ofcourse，anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketsofsomebigbusinesseswithspecialinterests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg'sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeindustry­fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg'sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat“AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.”Suchone­sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg's“preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible(不行信的)”．Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf­blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That'sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.本文叙述了怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境造成的危胁，认为地球状况是良好的，这迎合了一些追求利益的商业公司。但是关系地球健康的问题是相当重要的，人们确定要严峻 对待。1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas“skeptics”？A.Peoplewhoagreeonthepopularityof“eco­guilt”．B.Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.C.Peoplewhodisliketheharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.D.Peoplewhospreadcomfortingnewstoprotectourenvironment.答案：B。细节理解题。依据短文第一段可知，怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境的影响。短文其次段其次句话中提到，他们认为世界的真正状态是好的，由此可知B项正确。2.WhichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthepopularityofLomborg'sbook?A．Somebigbusinessesintendtoprotecttheirowninterests.B．Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateoftheworld.C．Theauthorconvincespeopletoseekcomfortingworldviews.D．Industry­fundedmediapresentconfusinginformation.答案：A。细节理解题。依据短文其次段最终一句话可知Lomborg的观点与一些由工业资助的组织的观点是相像的。因此可知这些大的组织为了自己的利益也不会留意环保。3.TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto______.A.voiceadifferentopinion B.findfaultwithLomborg'sbookC.challengetheauthorityofthemedia D.pointoutthevalueofscientificviews答案：A。推理推断题。第三段提到加拿大的一家报纸对Lomborg的书大加赞扬，第四段又提到这片面的观点应当受到挑战，然后说“Nature”杂志上就有不同的评论。由此可知A项正确。4.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf­blindnesswithreviews.C.Toblamethemedia'slackofresponsibilityinpresentinginformation.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.答案：D。作者意图题。由短文最终一段其次句话可知，媒体应当供应全方位的信息，让人们在了解状况的前提下做出打算。由此可知D项正确。【2022高考英语陕西省西安市第一中学二模】完型填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。WhenIwas17，Ireadaquotethatwentsomethinglike：“Ifyouliveeachdayasifitwereyourlast，somedayyou’11mostcertainlyberight．”Itmadeadeep26onme．andsincethen,forthepast33years，Ihave27inthemirroreverymorningandaskedmyself：“Iftodaywerethelastdayofmylife，28IwanttodowhatIamabouttodotoday?”Andwhenevertheanswerhasbeen“No”fortoomanydaysina29，RememberingthatI’llbe30soonisthemostimportanttoolI’veeverknowntohelpmemakethebig31inlifebecausealmosteverythingfallsawayinthefaceofdeath，3AboutayearagoIwas33withcancer.Mydoctorevenadvisedmetogohomeandgetmyaffairs34order，whichisadoctor’swayoftellingpeopletopreparetodie．I35withthatdiagnosisallday．36，atlastanadvancedtestshowedthatitwasaveryrarecancerthatis37withsurgery．IhadthesurgeryandI’mfinenow.38wantstodie．Evenpeoplewhowanttogotoheavendon’twanttodietogetthereAndyetdeathisthedestinationweall39．Noonehaseverescapedit.Andthatisasitshouldbe，becausedeathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionof40．Itislife'schangeagent.Itclearsouttheoldto41forthenew．Rightnowthenewisyou,butsomedaynottoo42fromnow，youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway．Sorrytobesodramatic，butitisquitetrue．Yourtimeis43，sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’s1ife．Don’tbe44bydogma(教条)—whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeople’sthinking．Don’tletthenoiseofothers’opinionsdrownoutyourowninner45．Andmostimportantly，havethecouragetofollowyourheart26.A.impressionB.curseC.decisionD.joke27.A.seenB.lookedC.foundD.1ost28.A.wouldB.shouldC.mightD.could29.A.hurryB.1ineC.momentD.row30.A.successfulB.richC.deadD.frustrated31.A.