四级听力短对话及长对话技巧

?第一步：预判（3-5分钟）?第二步：听力开始（35分钟）?第三步：查阅环节（时间因人而异）?1、对答案。?2、查词和短语。?3、翻译句子。?第四步：视听和跟读原文（时间因人而异）?第五步：裸听（时间因人而异）?第六步：部分听写（时间因人而异）Content?听前预测?一般规律?三大原则?对话类型分析?多义词汇?ShortConversations?LongConversations?PassageComprehension?CompoundDictation?解题原则?解题技巧?重点主题介绍一般规律?邀约必失败?吃饭必同意?作业(考试)一定难(对象多为男性)?房间必爆满(开房男，酒店女)?A)TheyarebothanxioustotryItalianfood.?B)Theyarelikelytohavedinnertogether.?C)Themanwilltreatthewomantodinnertonight.?D)Thewomanrefusedtohavedinnerwiththeman.?M:Mary,wouldyoujoinmefordinnertonight??W:Youtreatedmelastweekend.Nowitismyturn.ShallwetrysomethingItalian??Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?三大原则?视听反向原则?ShortConversations的选项中被读到的单词短语或句子为错误项。?同义替换?后一句更重要(第二句)?同主(主语)题例：A)Shemusthavepaidalotforthegym.B)Sheisknowntohaveaterrificfigure.C)Hergymexercisehasyieldedgoodresults.D)Herefforttokeepfitisreallypraiseworthy.(200912)?Woman:I'vebeenworkingoutthegymsinceJanuary.Iwasabitoutofshape.?Man:Youlookterrific!Itseemsthatyourefforthaspaidoff.?Question:Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthewoman?听前预测?看题原则：?高频词（常为名词）?主语?谓语?类似选项保留听前预测?通过选项内容推测对话内容?利用选项特点推测问题内容?通过选项推测问题针对对象?通过主题一致原则排除干扰选项?A)Makeaprofitableinvestment.?B)Buyanewwashingmachine.?C)GetpartsforthemachinefromJapan.?D)Havetheoldwashingmachinefixed.?M:Mywashingmachineismorethanfifteenyearsoldandithasworkedjustfineuntillastnight.?W:You'llneverbeabletogetpartsforit,evenfromJapan.Soitmightbetimetoinvestinamorerecentmodel.?Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando??A)Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.?B)Themanhasnoideawhattherightthingtodois.?C)Thewomandoesn'tknowhowtogettotheparty.?D)Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.?W:Ican'tdecidewhattodoaboutthepartytomorrow.?M:Youdon'thavetogoifyoudon'twantto.ButI'llbegladtogiveyouarideifyoudo.?Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation??选项以动词原形开头?选项均为不定式短语?选项均为-ing动词短语?选项均为名词短语?选项均为地点场景?角色或关系?数字信息?比较结构?表示评价、感受、意愿或建议的词考察行为活动，常涉及建议做某事?A)Lookforaplacenearheroffice.?B)Findanewjobdownthestreet.?C)Makeinquirieselsewhere.?D)Rentthe$600apartment.?W:Excuseme.Doyouhaveanyapartmentsavailableforunder500dollarsamonth?Ineedtomoveinnextweekwhenmynewjobstarts.?M:TheonlyvacantoneIhaveis600dollars,haveyouinquiredattheapartmentcomplex(综合性大楼)downthestreet??Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?问做某事的目的或原因，抑或计划、打算、决定、承诺或要求做某事?A、Tofindoutmoreaboutthetopicfortheseminar.?B、Tomakeacopyofthescheduleforhisfriend.?C、Togettheseminarscheduleforthewoman.?D、Topickupthewomanfromthelibrary.如强调动作为考察正在进行的动作；如不是则为某项计划、打算或建议的内容。有时也为考察对话谈论的主题?A、Drawingupabusinessplan.?B、Discussingatermplan.?C、Finalizingacontract.?D、Reviewingaco-authoredarticle.如选项均为概括性较强的名词或名词性短语(动名词)，且内容差异较大，很可能考察谈话主题或对话中出现某一事件的主题；如概括性不强，较具体，且同属一类别则考察对话中的细节?A、Atragicaccident.?B、Asadoccasion.?C、Smith'sunusuallifestory.?D、Smith'ssleepingproblem考察“地点场景”，可能是对话发生的场景或地点，也可能是某人所处位置或是过去或将要去的地点?A)Ataclinic.?B)Inasupermarket.?C)Atarestaurant.?D)Inanice-creamshop.?M:I'llhavethesteak,Frenchfries,andlet'ssee,chocolateice-creamfordessert.?W:Oh-oh,youknowthesethingswillruinyourhealth,toomuchfatandsugar,howaboutorderingsomevegetablesandfruitinstead??Q:Whatdoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?一般考察对话中某个人物的职业或身份，或对话双方间的关系?A)Teacherandstudent?B)Doctorandpatient.?C)Managerandofficeworker.?D)Travelagentandcustomer.?M:Mr.Watson,Iwonderwhetherit'spossibleformetotakeavacationearlynextmonth??W:Didyoufilloutarequestform??Q:Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?对话中可能出现不止一个数字，听音时要注意数字以及与数字对应的信息做好笔记?A)At10:30?B)At10:25?C)At10:40?D)At10:45?M:Sowhenaretheotherguysgoingtogethere?Thetrainisleavingin10min.Wecan'twaithereforever.?W:It's10:30already.They'resupposedtobeherebynow.Itoldeverybodytomeethereby10:15.?Q:Whenisthetrainleaving?可能涉及人或事物之间的异同和优劣比较，或是人事物某方面的变化和发展?A)Hewishestohavemorecourseslikeit.?B)Hefindsithardtofollowtheteacher.?C)Hewishestheteacherwouldtalkmore.?D)Hedoesn'tliketheteacher'saccent.?W:Youtookanoptionalcoursethissemester,didn'tyou?Howisitgoing??M:Terrible.Itseemslikethemoretheprofessortalks,thelessIunderstand.?Q:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthecourse?考察观点、态度、感受或建议?A)Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.?B)Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.?C)Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.?D)Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.Think,believe,find,should,hadbetter,wouldlike,agree,disagree,like,dislike,enjoy,mind,good,bad,excited,surprised,reasonable,wise?W:Iheardaboutyourpromotion.Youmustbethrilled.?M:Notreally.Thenewofficeishuge,buttheworkloadhasdoubled.?Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation??A)Planhisbudgetcarefully.?B)Givehermoreinformation.?C)Asksomeoneelseforadvice.?D)Buyagiftforhisgirlfriend.?M:ChristmasisroundthecornerandI'mlookingforagiftformygirlfriend.Anysuggestion??W:Well,youhavetotellmesomethingaboutyourgirlfriendfirst.Also,what'syourbudget??Q:Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo??A)Hewaskeptinhospitalforalongtime.?B)Hewasslightlyinjuredinatrafficaccident.?C)Hewasseriouslywoundedinamineexplosion.?D)Hewasfinedforspeeding.?W:Hi,John！Haven'tseenyouforquiteawhile.Areyoufine??M:Oh,yes.Butluckseemstogoagainstme.Ihadacaraccident.Onlysomeminorinjuries,though.?Q:WhathappenedtoJohn?视听反向原则?17.A)shewantstogetsomesleep.?B)sheneedstimetowriteapaper.?C)shehasaliteratureclasstoattend.?D)sheistroubledbyhersleepproblem?17.M:Howaboutjoiningmeforacupofcoffee??W:I'dloveto,butI'mexhausted.Iwasuptill3thismorning,writingapaperformyliteratureclass.?Q:Whydoesthewomandeclinetheman'sinvitation?听力多义词汇?Paper?在听力考题中，它最常见的含义是：论文。其次是报纸。相反，作为“纸”的原始含义很少见到。Iwasuptill3thismorningwritingapaperformyliteratureclass.（论文。2008年12月第17题）?Whatpositionisbeingadvertisedinthepaper?(报纸。2007年12月第25题)?Treat?原始含义为对待，但是听力中更喜欢考“请客”的含义。?Youtreatedmelastweekend,nowit'smyturn.(2003年1月第1题)?Jam?trafficjam(堵车)常见考点。?Charge?1）收费。Ihavetochargeyou150poundsforonenight.（2006年12月第1道长对话原文）?2）负责。Iaminchargeofateamof8brokers(经纪人).（2006年6月第1道长对话原文）?Present?“礼物”?“展示，表达和呈现”。?presentation演讲和展示，是一种很常见的校园课程形式。?Itsgoalsweretoeducate,shareideasandpresentIndiana'sbestproducts.(2007年12月第3篇听力原文)?Commercial?请注意，它的名词含义是“广告”。解题技巧?听到什么选什么对话类型分析?人物关系、职业类?地点题?动作类上下级关系客服关系同事、夫妻关系(多为干扰选项)上下级关系?Boss(常为男性)andSecretary?依据:语气（下级询问，上级回答）?ManagerandOfficeworker/staff客服关系?R：customerandwaitress?H：customerandreceptionist?A：passengerandairhostess/steward/stewardess?7.A)Aguestandareceptionist.?B)Apassengerandanairhostess.?C)Acustomerandashopassistant.?D)Aguestandawaitress.?M:Sorrytotroubleyou.Butisthereanypossibilityofborrowingablanket?Ifeelcold.?W:Ithinkwe'vegotone.Couldyouwaituntilaftertake-offplease??Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers??3.A)Colleagues.B)Husbandandwife.C)Employerandemployee.D)Motherandson.?W:John,whatareyoudoingonyourcomputer?Don'tyourememberyourpromise??M:Thisisnotagame.It'sonlyacrosswordpuzzlethathelpsincreasemyvocabulary.?Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?常考地点?Restaurant?Hotel?Airport?Theater?Gym高频干扰词汇：bookingoffice/ticketwindowpublishinghouserestaurant?makeareservation预定?bookatable订桌子?dessert甜点?yogurt酸奶?steak牛排?sauce汁?course一道菜/maincourse主菜?buffet自助餐?salad沙拉?eatout/dineout出去吃?1.A)Atatheatre.?B)Atabookingoffice.?C)Atarailwaystation.?D)Atarestaurant.?W:Gorge,lookatthelongwaitingline.Iamgladyou'vemadeareservation.?M:Moreandmorepeopleenjoyeatingoutnow.Beside,thisplaceisespeciallypopularwiththeoverseasstudents.?Q:Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?hotel?reserve/book/makeareservationfor?bookatablefortwo?Theroomsarebookedup/fullup.?checkin?singleroom/doubleroom/suite/standardsuite/occupancy?frequentguest/stranger?discount?12.A)Attheairport.?B)Atthehotelreception.?C)Inarestaurant.?D)Inabookingoffice.?12.W:Wedon'tseemtohaveareservationforyou,sir.I'msorry.?M:Butmysecretarysaidthatshehadreservedaroomformehere.IphonedherfromtheairportthismorningjustbeforeIgotonboardtheplane.?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace??19.A)Thehotelclerkhadputhisreservationunderanothername.?B)Thehotelclerkinsistedthathedidn'tmakeanyreservation.?C)Thehotelclerktriedtotakeadvantageofhisinexperience.?D)Thehotelclerkcouldn'tfindhisreservationforthatnight.?20.A)Agrandweddingwasbeingheldinthehotel.?B)Therewasaconferencegoingoninthecity.?C)Thehotelwasundergoingmajorrepairs.?D)Itwasabusyseasonforholiday—makers.?21.A)Itwasfreeofchargeonweekends.?B)Ithada15%discountonweekdays.?C)Itwasofferedtofrequentguestsonly.?D)Itwas10%cheaperthaninotherhotels.?22.A)Demandcompensationfromthehotel.?B)Askforanadditionaldiscount.?C)Complaintothehotelmanager.?D)Findacheaperroominanotherhotel.airport?airline航线?flight航班?economy/businessclass经济舱/商务舱?firstclass头等舱?departure/departuretime（起飞时间）?declare申报?board登机/getonboardsth?4.A)Atabookingoffice.B)InaHongKonghotel.C)Onabusystreet.D)Atanairport.?4.W:CanIhelpyousir?M:Yes,canyoushowmethewaytogatenineforflight910toHongKongIamquiteconfusedhere.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace??12.A)Onatrain.?B)Onaplane.?C)Inatheater.?D)Inarestaurant?W:MayIseeyourticketplease?Ithinkyouaresittinginmyseat.?M:Oh,youareright.Myseatisinthebalcony.I'mterriblysorry.?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?解题原则?预测选项：纵向确定场景（工作、学习、生活及旅游）；横向排除干扰选项，了解每道小题的内容。?解题三原则：?开头原则：第一道题一般在开头部分?问答原则：回答的内容往往是答案所在?转折原则：即转折词后的内容为重要内容?200812?19.A)Hecanmanagehistimemoreflexibly.?B)Hecanrenewcontactwithhisoldfriends.?C)Hecanconcentrateonhisownprojects.?D)Hecanlearntodoadministrativework.?20.A)Readingitsadsinthenewspapers.?B)Callingitspersonneldepartment.?C)Contactingitsmanager.?D)Searchingitswebsite.?21.A)Tocutdownitsproductionexpenses.?B)Tosolvetheproblemofstaffshortage.?C)Toimproveitsadministrativeefficiency.?D)Toutilizeitsretiredemployees'resources.200806?23.A)Marketingconsultancy.?B)Professionalaccountancy.?C)Luxuryhotelmanagement.?D)Businessconferenceorganization.?24.A)Havingagoodknowledgeofitscustoms.?B)Knowingsomekeypeopleintourism.?C)Havingbeentothecountrybefore.?D)BeingabletospeakJapanese.?25.A)Itwillbringherpotentialintofullplay.?B)Itwillinvolvelotsoftraintravel.?C)ItwillenablehertoimproveherChinese.?D)ItwillgivehermorechancestovisitJapan.重点主题?Campuslife?Job?其他campuslife?on/offcampus?作业：thesis毕业论文dissertation期刊论文/periodical期刊/journalbookreport读书报告researchreport调查、实验报告presentation内容演示takenote记笔记关于考试：考试难，时间紧，能否延期。作业难做。论文没做完。选课多。对老师评价：讲课boring，老师strict，作业多。Sheisoneinamillion.当老师要退休的时候对老师的评价才会高。奖学金：fellowship；RA助研：researchassistant；TA助教：teachingassistant?写论文的步骤：?第一步，选题topic，选题难，范围广。?第二步，查询资料research，图书馆场景。?第三步，打出论文。typewriter打字机，computer计算机，printer打印机，laserprinter激光打印机，laptop笔记本电脑。?论文没打完，typewriter/computer坏了breakdown或者typewriter需要新的ribbon。?课程形式：optional/compulsorycourseelectivecourse/requirement/requiredcourseacademicyear学年seminar[‘seminɑ:]lecture/speech讲座、演讲workshop工作室，讨论课程schooltimetable/classschedule课程表registerfor/signupfor/enrollin选课catch/follow跟上、听懂校方人物校长：president院长:deanbean教授：professor讲师:lecturer导师：tutor大一新生:freshman大二学生:sophomore大三学生:junior大四学生:senior学位学士:BachelorDegree硕士:MasterDegree博士:DoctorDegreepost-doctor科目及专业文学:Literature心理学:Psychology建筑学:Architecture学校场景出题思路：1讲座：难理解2选修课：难.选多了3考试：挂了3.A)ShehasbeenlongingtoattendHarvardUniversity.B)She'llconsidertheman'ssuggestioncarefully.C)ShehasfinishedherprojectwithDr.Garcia'shelp.D)She'llconsultDr.Garciaaboutenteringgraduateschool.?3.M:Hi,Melissa,how'syourprojectgoing?Haveyouthoughtaboutgoingtograduateschool?PerhapsyoucangetintoHarvard.?W:Everythingiscomingalongreallywell.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutgraduateschool.ButI'lltalktomytutorDr.Garciafirstandseewhatshethinks.?Q:Whatdoyoulearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?job?promotion升职?workload工作量,工作负担?complain/complaint?salary/wages/pay/income?bonus奖金?annual年度的?askforleave请假?win-win双赢?form表格?Interview/interviewer/interviewee1、找到工作高兴。2、失去工作伤心。3、拒绝工作令人奇怪。?有空缺职位:jobvacancy?简历:resume?工作经验:workexperience?面试:interview?加班:overwork?升职:promote?解雇:fire?辞职:quit/resign?annualleave年假?sickleave病假?23.A)Sheisthirstyforpromotion.?B)Sheistiredofherpresentwork.?C)Shewantsamuchhighersalary.?D)Shewantstosavetravelexpenses.?24.A)Languageinstructor.?B)Environmentalengineer.?C)Translator.?D)Travelagent.?25.A)Devotionandworkefficiency.?B)Livelypersonalityandinquiringmind.?C)Communicationskillsandteamspirit.?D)Educationandexperience.三宾馆场景?预订房间?确认预订?取消预订reservationMakeConfirmcancel?小费:tip?前台:reception?登记入住:checkin/out四饭店场景分账GoDutchSplitthebillFifty-fiftySeparatethebill?16~17世纪时的荷兰和威尼斯，是海上商品贸易和早期资源共享本主义的发迹之地。终日奔波的意大利、荷兰商人们已衍生出聚时交流信息、散时各付资费的习俗来。因为商人的流动性很强，一个人请别人的客，被请的人说不定这辈子再也碰不到了，为了大家不吃亏，彼此分摊便是最好的选择了。而荷兰人因其精明、凡事都要分清楚，逐渐形成了let'sgodutch（让我们做荷兰人）的俗语。出去吃：eatout外卖：takeaway订位子:bookatable菜单:menu餐后甜点:dessert五机场场景?订票:bookaticket?目的地:destination?单程票:one-wayticket?往返票:round-tripticket1、票已售完。2、接人晚点。3、送人伤感。4、航班延误，需等待。5、乘客迟到，需换票。Checkin(boardingpass)SecuritycheckGothroughcustomsGetonboardDomesticflightInternationalflightConnectingflightDirectflightDifferentflighttypesClassesoftravelHaveapleasantflight!租房场景?市郊:suburb?市中心:downtown?房东land-----?房东太太land-----?----mate室友医院场景?Physician------医生surgeon-------医生?牙医----------dentist?makeanappointment1、医生难找2