2021重庆市高考英语阅读类课外训练【8】及答案【三月】

2021重庆市高考英语阅读类课外训练【8】及答案【三月】阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Feelingblueabouttheworld?“Cheerup,”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.”Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe’scarefullyweighedtheevidence;optimistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe’ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook,TheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.Here’showheexplainshisviews.1)ShoppingfuelsinventionItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,and,ofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe’llbe.2)BrilliantadvancesOnereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour’slightcostsixhours’work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes’worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit’shalfsecond.3)Let’snotkillourselvesforclimatechangeMitigating(减轻)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossil-fuel(化石燃烧)electricityisforbiddenbywell-meaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanose-bleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aroundournecks.1.WhatisthethemeofRidley’smostrecentbook?A.Weaknessofhumannature.B.Concernaboutclimatechange.C.Importanceofpracticalthinking.D.Optimismabouthumanprogress.2.HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?A.Itencouragesthecreationofthings.B.Itresultsinshortageofgoods.C.Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.D.Itcausesapovertyproblem.3.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat.A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandlesB.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlifeC.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandlesD.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods4.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?A.Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.B.Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.C.People’shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.D.Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.【参考答案】1-4DADB阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Howlingisabehaviourcommonlyobservedamongawolfpack.Aspackanimals,wolvesworktogethertohuntandrelyonhowlingasanimportantmeansofcommunicationamongeachother.Therearedifferentexplanationsofawolf’showlanditappearsthattheremaybemoretodiscover.Onetheoryisthatwolveshowltobondbettertogether.It’salmostasifhowlingtogetherhelpsthepackstaytogether.Perhapssomethingsimilartopeoplefeelingasenseofinvolvementwitheachotherwhensingingasongtogether.Butthistheorymaybewrong,explainsFredH.Harrington,aprofessorwhostudieswolfbehaviour.Indeed,therehavebeentimeswhenwolveshavebeenseenonemomenthowlinginachorus,andthenext,quarrelingamongeachother.Itappearsthatusuallythelowest-rankingmembersofthepackmayactuallybe“punished”forjoininginthechorusattimes.Soishowlingawaytostrengthenasocialbondorjustawaytoreconfirmstatusamongitsmembers?—Whydowolveshowlforsure?Whatisclear,however,isthathowlingisoftenusedamongpackmatestolocateeachother.Huntinggroundsaredistantandithappensthatwolvesmayseparatefromoneanotherattimes.Whenthishappens,howlingappearstobeanexcellentmeansofgathering.Howling,interestingly,isacontagiousbehaviour.Whenonewolfstartstohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow.Thisisoftenseentooccurinthemorning,asifwolvesweredoingsomesortof“rollcall”wherewolvesallhowltogethertoreporttheirpresence.1.Whatisthepossiblesimilaritybetweenwolves’howlingtogetherandhumans’singinginchorus?A.Theactofcallingeachother.B.Thesenseofaccomplishment.C.Theactofhuntingforsomething.D.Thesenseofbelongingtoagroup.2.WhydoesHarringtonthinkthe“socialbond”theorymaybewrong?A.Wolvesseparatefromeachotherafterhowling.B.Wolvestendtoprotecttheirhuntinggrounds.C.Wolvessometimeshavequarrelsafterhowlingtogether.D.Wolvesoflowrankareencouragedtojoininthechorus.3.Researchersaresurethatwolvesoftenhowlto.A.showtheirranksB.findtheircompanionsC.expresstheirloneliness4.“Howling...isacontagiousbehaviour”(inthelastparagraph)means.A.howlingisasignalforhuntingB.howlingisawayofcommunicationC.howlingoftenoccursinthemorningD.howlingspreadsfromonetoanother【参考答案】1-4DCBD完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。Knowledgetrulyispower.Forthisreason，Iinsist1.________learningsomethingneweachday.Itakeanyopportunitytointeractwithnewpeople2.________Iknoweveryonehassomethingvaluabletoteachme.Whilemostofmyfriendsarewatchingrealitytelevisionshows，Ichoosetostayinformed3.________watchingthenews.Ichoosetowatchtelevisionprograms4.________areeducationalandinformative，makingthemostofmytimeinfrontofthescreen.Readingis5.________importantpartofmylife.Imakeitapointtoreadagreatnumberofselfhelp，history，andhowtobooks.Ofcourse，ittakesmeseveraldaystoreadasinglebook.6.________，bytheendoftheweekIoftenhaveanewski