2022天津宝坻区高考英语阅读类和短文改错练习(3)及答案

阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。Shoulddoctorseverlietobenefittheirpatient—tospeedrecoveryortocoverthecomingofdeath？Inmedicineasinlaw，government，andotherlinesofwork，therequirementsofhonestyoftenseemdwarfed(变矮小)bygreaterneeds：theneedtoprotectformbrutalnewsortoupholdapromiseofsecrecy；toadvancethepublicinterest.Whatshoulddoctorssay，forexample，toa46­year­oldmancominginforaroutinephysicalcheckupjustbeforegoingonvacationwithhisfamilywho，thoughhefeelsinperfecthealth，isfoundtohaveaformofcancerthatwillcausehimtodiewithinsixmonths？Isitbesttotellhimthetruth？Ifheasks，shouldthedoctorsrejectthatheisill，orminimizethegravityoftheillness？Shouldtheyatleasthidethetruthuntilafterthefamilyvacation?Doctorsfacesuchchoicesoften.Attimes，theyseeimportantreasonstolieforthepatient'sownsake；intheireyes，suchliessharplyformself­servingones.Studiesshowthatmostdoctorssincerelybelievethattheseriouslyillpatientsdonotwanttoknowthetruthabouttheircondition，andthatinformingthemrisksdestroyingtheirhope，sothattheymayrecovermoreslowly，ordeteriorate(恶化)faster，perhapsevencommitsuicide(自杀)．Butotherstudiesshowthat，contrarytothebeliefofmanyphysicians；agreatmajorityofpatientsdowanttobetoldthetruth，evenaboutseriousillness，andfeelcheatedwhentheylearnthattheyhavebeenmisled.Wearealsolearningthattruthfulinformation，humanelyconveyed(传达)，helpspatientscopewithillness：helpthemtoleratepainbetter，needlessmedicine，andevenrecoverfasteraftersurgery.Thereisurgentneedtodebatethisissueopenly.Notonlyinmedicine，butinotherprofessionaswell，practitionersmayfindthemselvesrepeatedlyindifficultywhereseriousconsequences(后果)seemavoidableonlythroughdeception(哄骗)．Yetthepublichaseveryreasontoknowprofessionaldeception，forsuchpracticesarepeculiarlylikelytobecomedeeplyrooted，tospread，andtotrust.Neitherinmedicine，norinlaw，government，orthesocialsciencescantherebecomfortintheoldsaying，“Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”1．Accordingtotheauthor'sopinion，lies________.A．canbenefitthepatientsB．canhelpthepatientstorecoveryC．candonothingtothepatients'illnessD．cannotbenefitthepatients答案：A细节理解题。从文章倒数其次段最终几句可得知答案。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A．Mostofthedoctorsbelievethattheseriouslyillpatientsdonotwanttoknowthetruthabouttheircondition.B．Thetruthfulinformationhelpspatientstodealwiththeirillness.C．Thereisaneedtodiscusswhethertolietothepatients.D．Itistruethat“Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”答案：D细节理解题。文章最终，作者认为“Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”这一说法不对。3．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Thereisanurgentneedtodebatethisissueopenly.B．Neitherinmedicine，norinlaw，government，thesocialsciencescantherebecomfortintheoldsaying.“Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”C．Thepublichaseveryreasontobeawareofprofessionaldeception.D．Weneedtodiscussthisissueinmedicine，butnotinotherprofessions.答案：A主旨归纳题。第一句就是本段的主题句。4．Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A．Deceptionisbeneficialtopatients.B．Whetherpatientsshouldbetoldthetruthoftheirillness.C．Whetherpatientsreallywanttoknowthetruthoftheirillness.D．Whobenefitsfromdeception.答案：B主旨归纳题。通读全文可知，作者针对医生对病人隐瞒病情这一做法提出质疑：病人应不应当了解真相？了解真相对他们有没有好处？阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。Onceuponatime,onhiswaytotheHimalayas,wasasaint(圣徒).Hecameacrossashallowriverhehadtocross.Justwhenhewasabouttowethisfeet,hesawascorpion(蝎子)helplesslytryingtocomeoutoftheriver.Itwasalmosttouchingthebankbutnotenoughtogainholdoftheground.Thesaintsawscorpion’sstruggleanddecidedtosaveit.Hepickedupthescorpioninhisrighthandwiththeintentiontoplaceitonthedrysurface.Nosoonerdidhedothatthanthescorpionstungandrushedoffthehand,landinginthewateragain.Itstruggledtocomeoutofwateragain.Thesaint’sbodywasinpainbuthismind,calm.Seeingthatthescorpioncouldloseitslife,thesaintusedlefthandthistimetoliftthescorpionoutofwater.However,itpanickedandstungagain.Onceagain,itspedoffthehandandfellinwater.Hewasleftwithbothhandsfilledwithpain.Hewasnottheonetogiveupeither.Hetriedagain.Thistime,hecuppedhishandstogetherandliftedthescorpioninoneswiftmovement.Beforeitcouldreact,hesafelydroppeditontheland.Thescorpiondisappearedintothepebblesthatlaynearthebank.Hefelthappy,forhesucceededincarryingouthisrescue,forsavinganotherlife.Itwasworththepainhethought.Atadistance,aman,surprisedandshocked,hadwatchedthewholeprocess.Heapproachedthesaintandsaid,“CanIaskyouaquestionplease?”“Yes,youmay.”“Firstofall,therewasnoneedtosaveascorpion.Itdoesnogoodtoanybody.Secondly,ifyoumustsaveit,youcouldhavesimplytriedonce.I’msurprisedthatevenafteritstungyou,youstillwenton.Why?”“Oh!That’sprettysimple,”herepliedsoftlyrubbinghisstunghandsagainsteachother.“Thiswasascorpion,acreaturereallylowonthefoodchain,acreaturewhosenatureistosting(蜇),topanic,toharm.Itissupposedtobeweak.However,Iamsupposedtobeasaint,apersonwhosejobistoloveeverybody,toofferlove.Iamsupposedtobethestrongone,theonehigheruponthefoodchain.Withmyprinciples,myphilosophy(人生观)andpractice,Iamsupposedtosaveothercreatures.Right?”Themannodded.【文章大意】一个圣徒从河里挽救一只蝎子时,先后被蜇了两次,但他照旧努力把它救了出来。这让一位路人格外不理解。这位圣徒告知他:作为一个圣徒,我的职责是向全部的生命传达爱,挽救其他的生命是我最大的幸福。1.Whenasaintsawascorpionstrugglingtocomeoutoftheriver,he.A.wasintheshallowriverB.wasclimbingtheHimalayasC.wasontheriverbankD.hadjustcrossedtheriver【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据第一段可知,从前,有一个圣徒,他徒步行走在前往喜马拉雅山的路上。途经一条小河,当他刚要踏入小河时,一只挣扎想逃离水面的蝎子映入眼帘。由此可推断出答案为C。2.Whydidthescorpionstingandrushoffhisrighthand?A.Becauseitwasfullofpanicatthattime.B.Becauseitwantedtogettothebankitself.C.Becausethesaintharmeditbadly.D.Becausethesainttriedtokillit.【解析】选A。细节理解题。依据第三段中的However,itpanickedandstungagain.可知,当时是由于慌张失措,蝎子才对他进行攻击。故答案为A。3.Howdidthemannearbyfeelatthesaint’sbehaviourofsavingthescorpion?A.Happy. B.Angry.C.Frightened. D.Puzzled.【解析】选D。观点态度题。依据第七段内容:首先,挽救一只蝎子是没有必要的,对谁来说这都是没有好处的。其次,您救它一次就够了。令人惊异的是,即便它蜇了您,您却照旧努力去救它。这是为什么?由此可推断出他对圣徒的行为感到迷惑不解。故答案为D。4.Fromthepassagewecaninfer.A.thesaintregrettedhavingsavedthescorpionlaterB.thescorpionstungthesaintthreetimesinallC.themanthoughtthesaintafoolandleftangrilyD.thesaintthoughtithisdutytosaveothercreatures【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据最终一段内容:作为一个圣徒,我的职责是向全部生命传达爱。我的原则、人生观和生活历练告知我,我应当挽救其他的生命。由此可推断出答案为D。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AttentionTimHortonsStainlessSteelTravelMugOwnersLidRecall----15ozStainlessSteelTravelMugAfaultatthecuphasbeenrecognized．Thefaultmayresultinsomelidsliftingslightlyfromthebodyofthemug，andcouldprobablycauseinjuryfromhotliquidleaking．Therefore，wehavegivenanimmediatelidrecallnotice．ThisrecallnoticeisrelatedonlytoTimHortons15ozstainlessSteelTravelMugssoldbetweenOctober2010andJanuary2011．Thebottomofthemugisstampedwithdistributor's（经销商）name，ThermoServ．Thereisnoprintingonthehandleofthemug．AtTimHortons，wevalueoutcustomers’safetyaboveanythingelse．So,whetheryourlidisleakingornot，intheinterestofyoursafety,wearerequestingthatyoubringyourmugtoyournearestTimHortons（excludingEssoTimHortons）,wheretheywillexchangethelidforanewlidthatfitssafely．ThenewlidswillbeavailableFebruaryl，2011.Pleasedonotuseyourmuguntilyouexchangethelid．Here’swhatyoudo：● Pleasedonotuseyourmuguntilyouhaveexchangedthelidforanewone．●NewlidswillbeavailableFebruary2,2011．●ReturnyourtravelmugtoaTimHortonsstore．●Yourlidwillbeexchangedforanewlid．Ifyouprefertoreturntheentiremug，bringitbackatanytimeforafullrepayment．Ifyouhaveanyquestionsregardinghisrecall，pleasecontactusat：TollFreeNumber：l—888—508一77l78：30a．m．~5：00p．m．EasternStandardTime1．Thisadvertisementistryingto．A．introduceanewtypeofmugs B．persuadepeopletobuyanewsteelmuglidC．informpeopleofexchangingalidD．warnagainstthedangerofusingthefaultymug2．Theadvertisementismainlyaimedatthosewho．A．oftentravelaround B．have15ozStainlessmugsC．wanttobuy15ozStainlessmugs D．aresellingtheTimHortonsmugs3．Accordingtotheadvertisement,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A．PeopleshouldstopusingtheTimHortons15ozstainlesssteeltravelmugimmediately．B．PeoplecanreturnthelidbetweenOctober2010andJanuary2011．C．Peoplecangetthemoneybackiftheyreturnthefaultymug．D．TimHortonsdoesitsdutytocareaboutthecustomers’safety．答案：1——3CBB阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。WelcomeWelcometoWindsorCastle,theoldestandlargestoccupiedcastleintheworld.AudiotoursFreeaudiotoursareavailableonleavingtheAdmissionCentreatthestartofyourvisit.Thereisadescriptiveaudiotourforblindandpoor-sightedvisitors.GuidedtoursVisitorscanexplorethehistoryoftheCastlethroughatourofthePrecinctswithanexpertguide.ToursdepartatregularintervalsthroughoutthedayfromtheCourtyardandfinishattheentrancetotheStateApartments.VisitorswithchildrenForthosevisitingwithchildren,aspecialfamilytourandvariousactivitiesareofferedduringschoolholidaysandatweekends.Pleasenotethat,forsafelyreasons,pushchairsarenotpermittedintheStateApartments.However,babycarriersareavailabletoborrow.StGeorge’sChapelVisitorsarrivingattheCastleafter15:00fromMarchtoOctoberareadvisedtovisitStGeorge’sChapelfirstbeforeitcloses.ShoppingShopsofferawiderangeofsouvenirsdesignedfortheRoyalCollection,includingbooks,postcards,china,jewellery,andchildren’stoys.PleaseaskattheMiddleWardshopaboutourhomedeliveryservice.RefreshmentsBottledwatercanbepurchasedfromtheCourtyardandMiddleWardshops.FormApriltoSeptembericecreamisalsoavailable.VisitorswishingtoleavetheCastleforrefreshmentsinthetownmayobtainre-entrypermitsfromthecastleshops.EatinganddrinkingarenotpermittedintheStateApartmentsorStGeorge’sChapel.PhotographyandmobilephonesNon-commercialphotographyandfilmingarewelcomedintheCastle.Photography,videorecordingandfilmingarenotpermittedinsidetheStateApartmentsorStGeorge’sChapelinconsiderationofothervisitors.SecurityAsWindsorCastleisaworkingroyalpalace,visitorsandtheirbelongingsshouldgetthroughairport-stylesecuritychecks.Forsafetyandsecurityreasonsaone-waysystemoperatesalongthevisitorroute.1.Avisitorcanapplyforafreeaudiotour_________.A.intheCourtyard B.intheStateApartmentsC.attheAdmissionCenter D.atStGeorge’sChapel2.Whatisspeciallyofferedtovisitorswithkids?Asecurityguard.B.Apushchair.C.Afreetoy.D.Ababycarrier.3.Whocangetre-entrypermits?A.VisitorswishingtoeatoutsidetheCastle.B.Visitorsbuyinggiftsinthecastleshops.C.VisitorsbuyingwaterfromtheCourtyard.D.VisitorseatingoutsideStGeorge’sChapel.4.Whyarevisitorsrequiredtoturnofftheirmobilephones?A.Toensurethesafetyofothers.B.ToensurethesecurityoftheCastle.C.Topreventthemfromdisturbingothers.D.Topreventtheuseofthebuilt-incameras.5.Inthelastpart,a“workingroyalpalace”referstoone___.A.stillbeingconstructedB.stillusedbytheroyalfamilyC.wheretheQueenusuallyworksD.whereworksofartareonshow答案：1——5CDACB短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)Isawanaccidenthappenedonmywaytohomethisafternoon.Agirlwascrossingthestreetonazebracrossingwhileayoungmandroveamotorbiketowardsher.Theyoungmansawthegirlbuttriedtostop,buthedrovetoofasttostop.Hehitthegirlandfelloffhermotorbike.Thegirlwasbadlyhurtandcouldn’tmove.Theyoungmandidn’tknowhowtodo.Irantoaphoneboxnearbyanddialed110.Soonthepolicereached.Theysendhertothenearesthospitalatonce.Oneofthepolicemantalkedtotheyoungmanandwrotesomethingdownwhilewastalking.Ithinkitisverydangeroustodriveveryfast.短文改错参考答案(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)Isawanaccidenthappenedonmywaytohomethisafternoon.Agirlwascrossingthestreetonazebrahappen去掉tocrossingwhileayoungmandroveamotorbiketowardsher.Theyoungmansawthegirlbuttriedtostop,whenandbuthedrovetoofasttostop.Hehitthegirlandfelloffhermotorbike.Thegirlwasbadlyhurtandcouldn’thismove.Theyoungmandidn’tknowhowtodo.Irantoaphoneboxnearbyanddialed110.Soonthepolicewhatreached.Theysendhertothenearesthospitalatonce.Oneofthepolicemantalkedtotheyoungmanandarrivedsentpolicemenwrotesomethingdownwhilewastalking.Ithinkitisverydangeroustodriveveryfast.加he或去掉was短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 留意： 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 IwenttotheSummerPalacelastweek．AtthegateIhappenedtomeetsomeAmericantourists．IgreetedtotheminEnglishandthenwebegantochat．IgotknowthattheywerecollegestudentstravelinginChina．MostofthemwerefondwithChinesemedicine．Theyarebusytakingpicturesandweremuchimpressedwiththechangesthathadbeentakenplaceinthepastfewyears．Afterthat,wewentboatingonalakeandhavingagoodtime．Weexchangedouremailaddresssothatwecouldwritetoeachotherinfuture．Theythankedusagainandagain．IwasverygladtohavechancetopracticingmyoralEnglish．【参考答案】45.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Threeyearsago,Ibecameastudentinanordinaryschool．DisappointingasIfeltattheshabbycampusandthepoorly-equippedclassroom,Ifindtheteacherspatientandconsiderate．However,Ienjoyedthefriendlyatmosphereinclass．Idecidedtomakethebestforit．Iworkedhardlyandgotalongwellwithteachersandclassmates．WheneverIhaddifficulties,theywerea