广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高三上学期普通高中毕业班期末调研测试英语试题

广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高三上学期普通高中毕业班期末调研测试英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、第一部分阅读，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解TheBestHotelsinEdinburghClosetotheMust-SeeSightsEdinburghishometosomeofthebesthotelsinScotland.Herearesomeselectedhotels,rangingfromiconicfive-starinstitutionstonewapartmenthotels.TheBalmoralHotelForluxuryaccommodation,theBalmoralhoteloffersfive-starserviceandfantasticviewsofEdinburghCastle.Itisinthecitycenterandfeaturestheiconicclocktower.TheBalmoralisprobablythemostfamoushotelinthecityandisfamousforitshospitality.Itisalsopopularwithlocalsforafternoontea.WildeApartHotelWildeAparthotelisamodern,stylishhotel.Thehotelfeatureswell-appointed（设备齐全的）servicedapartmentsthathavefullyequippedsmallkitchens,freeWiFi,andcarparkingnearby.Theapartmentsareidealforthosewhoarestayinginthecityformorethananightortwoandwouldliketohaveasmallkitchentoenjoybreakfastorlunch.TheRadissonCollectionHotelTheRadissonCollectionHoteloverlookstheiconicRoyalMile.It'sjustashortwalkfromattractionssuchasEdinburghCastleandHolyroodPark,andit'swithineasyreachoflocalrestaurants,shops,bars,andgalleries.EverythingyouwillwanttoseeanddoinEdinburghisclosetohand,andit'sfiveminutesfromWaverlyTrainStationandairportlinks.Thehotel'sdesignismodern.ScotsmanHotelOriginallybuiltasTheScotsmannewspaperofficesin1905,ScotsmanHotelhasbeencarefullyrestoredintoninefloorsofroomsandsuiteswithcommandingviewsoverthecity.LocatedatthetopendofNorthBridge,thehoteloccupiestheprimerealestatespot(黄金地段)inEdinburgh.EasyaccesstoWaverleyTrainStationandairportshuttles,thehotelisprobablythemostwell-appointedaccommodationintermsoftransportlinks.WehopeyoulovetheEdinburghhotelswerecommend!1．Whichhotelsuitscustomerswholovecookingbythemselves?A．ScotsmanHotel. B．WildeApartHotel.C．TheBalmoralHotel. D．TheRadissonCollectionHotel.2．WhatmakestheScotsmanHoteldifferentfromtheothers?A．Itsspecialorigin. B．Itscentralsituation.C．Itscommandingviews. D．Itsconvenienttransportation.3．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atraveljournal. B．Atourreport.C．Atouristwebsite. D．Ahotelresearch.阅读理解IwenttoYuanheMiddleSchoolinXihaigu,NingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion,aplacethatusedtobeoneofthepoorestregionsinChina,toparticipateinanEnglishclasswithvillagechildren.Mostkidsintheschoolcomefrompoorvillagehomesandare"leftbehind"children一kidswhoseparentsworkinthecitiestomakeabetterliving.Afterclass,wechattedalot,andtheywonderedabouteverything,using"outsideworld"asatermtodescribethewiderglobeformanytimes.Takingcareofruralchildrenisessential.Theschooloffersboardingservicesandfreebreakfastandlunchtothestudents,whocanalsovideochatwiththeirparentsdaily.Tobettercareforthevillagechildren,theschoolprovidesoutdoorhiking,technology,art,andforeignlanguageprogramstohelpthemunderstandtheoutsideworld.Afterall,high-qualityeducationtodisadvantagedvillagechildrenisthekeytopoverty-alleviation（扶贫）efforts.DuringmytripinXihaigu,IalsovisitedNingxiaNormalUniversity,whereover70%ofitsstudentsmajorineducation.In2013,localandcentralgovernmentslaunchedpublic-fundedprogramstorecruitstudentsinterestedinbecomingteachersinNingxia'sruralvillagesanddistricts.By2023,3,500studentswereenrolledintheprogram,manyofwhomcamefromdisadvantagedvillagehouseholdsinXihaigu.IhadtheopportunitytospeakwithYang,apublic-fundedstudentfromtheonce-poorXihaiguregion.Afterfinishingschool,heplannedtostayintheXihaiguareaasateachertoteachthekidsknowledge.Yangtoldmethatknowledgeisthekeytoleadingabetterlifeaswellasunderstandingtheworld.Alackofknowledgeisoneofthemainfactorsofbeingpoor.Moneycouldhelpthepoorforawhilebutnotonceforall.Hehopesthatbysharingknowledgewiththekidsinhishometown,hecanhelpthembroadentheirhorizonsanddevelopanobjectiveperspectiveontheworld.Heenvisionsafuturewherethesechildrencanusetheirknowledgetomakeabetterlife,stoppeople'stereotypes(固有印象)aboutChinaandshareXihaigu'sstorieswiththerestoftheworld.4．Whydidthekidsrepeatedlymention"outsideworld"?A．Outofcuriosityabouttheunknownworld.B．Withthehopeofchangingtheworldoutside.C．Toshowtheirexperiencesaboutthewiderglobe.D．Forlackofconfidencetowardstheirinnerworld.5．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thekeytopoverty-alleviationefforts.B．Theaidtothekidsonlifeandeducation.C．Theteachingconditionsoftheschool.D．Thehigh-qualityeducationoftheschool.6．Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor'stripinNingxiaNormalUniversity?A．Studentsinthisuniversitycanbefreeofcharge.B．TheauthoritiessupportNingxia'sruralareasbystressingeducation.C．Thepublic-fundedprogramstargetatthestudentsfrompoorregions.D．MoneyislessimportantthanknowledgeforthepeopleinXihaigu'svillages.7．WhichofthefollowingmayagreewithYang'sopinion?A．Learnandlive.B．Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.C．Hangontoyourdreams.D．Poverty-alleviationstartswitheducation.阅读理解Asarchaeologists（考古学家）examinedancienttombsinTurfaninwesternChina,theydiscoveredsomesurprisinglywell-preservedandfamiliarrelics.Thoughhardenedfromover1,000years,theresatlittledumplings.Exactlywhoinventeddumplingsremainsamystery.Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadbynomadic（游牧的）TurkicpeopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause"manti,"meaning"dumpling"or"steamedbun"inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfordumplinginseveralotherlanguages.AncientTurkicpeopleprobablyfilledtheirdumplingswithmeat.Butit'sunclearwhenthispracticebegan,orwhethertheylearnedtheartofdumpling-makingfromothers.Howeverthishappened,dumplingscertainlygatheredsteaminancientChina.DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.Insteadofthetraditionalmeatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian（素食）dumplings.Peopledevelopednewcookingmethods.TherelationshipbetweenChinesedumplingsandthoseinotherareasistrickytotrace,butfoodhistorianshavemadetheirbestguessesbasedonavailableclues.BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealsocontributedtothespreadofdumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope.ThesedumplingscouldhavecomebywayofChinaordirectlyfromsomeoftheTurkicpeoplestheMongolshiredtoruntheirempire.OnetheoryisthatthisgaverisetodumplingslikepelmeniinRussia,pierogiinPolandandvarenikiinUkraine.TheMongolEmpirealsocontrolledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarietieswereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans"littlelumps".DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinese"jiaozi"werebroughttoJapan.SowhatabouttheItaliandumpling-likepasta?SomehistoriansthinkitmightbebroughtbyArabconquerors.It'sunlikelythatalldumplingdishescamefromthesameroottradition.However,wecanappreciatethemysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious.8．WhatmadeTurkicpeoplessuspectedtofirstspreaddumplings?A．Thelanguagestheyused. B．Theireatinghabits.C．Theirdumpling-makingskills. D．Thenewlyfoundtombs.9．Whatdoesthephrase"gatheredsteam"inparagraph2mean?A．Originated. B．Stabilized.C．Gotwell-cooked. D．Becamepopular.10．Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?A．Thespreadingprocessofdumplings.B．Thepossibleoriginsofdumplings.C．Differencesbetweenvariousdumplings.D．Reasonsforthepopularityofdumplings.11．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribedumplingsaccordingtothepassage?A．Delicious. B．Diverse. C．Unusual. D．Regional.阅读理解SoniaKleindorferwasanewdirectoroftheKonradLorenzResearchCenterinAustria.Atherinstitute,KonradLorenzwasafamousAustrianzoologistwhocouldcorrectlynameeachkindofgoose,whichmadeKleindorferfeelacertainamountofpressure."Icandofive,butwhenthenextfivecome,Istarttohaveamentalmeltdown,"shesays.Soshecontactedamoretechnically-mindedcolleagueandaskedhim:Couldhewriteaprogramtodistinguishthesefaces?Hesaid,yes,buthe'dneedadatabaseofgeesephotostoworkwith.Kleindorfergotherteamoutthere,snappingpicturesofthegeesefromeveryangle.Afterbuildingthedatabase,theywroteapieceoffacialrecognitionAlthatcouldIDagoose,bylookingatspecificfeaturesofitsbeak（喙）.Afteracoupleofyears,theteamreportsthattheirgooserecognitionsoftwareisnowabout97%accurate."Geesehavesuchdrama—therearearchrivals（劲敌）,andjealousyandretribution（报答）,"Kleindorfersays.Tofindouthowfacesfiguredintothisdrama,shepresentedthegeesewithfull-sizedpicturesofthemselves,theirpartners,oranothermemberoftheflock.Sheshowedevidencethatgeeseseemedtorecognizephotosoftheirpartnersandfriends,butnotthemselves.Forfurtherstudy,SoniaKleindorferhopesbirdwatcherswillsomedaybeabletosnapapictureofagoose,IDit,andshareitslocationwithscientists.Butsheadds,justremember,hernewresearchsuggeststhatbirdwatchinggoesbothways:Geesecanrememberfacestoo."Ifyouareevernotkindtoagoose,"shewarns,"thatgoosemayfindyouagain."Kleindorferthinksthatfacialrecognitionisgoingtoplayareallyimportantroleinconservationandecology."Weneedmorecomputerscientiststrainedinbehavioralecologyandweneedmoreconservationscientiststrainedincomputerscience,"shesays."Butworkingtogether,Ithinkwecandothis."12．WhatwastheproblemofSoniaKleindorferatwork?A．Shewasalwaysstressed.B．Shewasnotabletocountthegeese.C．Shesufferedamentalillness.D．Shecouldn'trecognizeallthegeese.13．Howdoestheprogramdistinguishthegeese?A．Bysnappingpicturesofthegeese.B．Bypresentingthefull-sizedpictures.C．Byidentifyingthebeaksinthephotos.D．Bybuildingthedatabaseofthegeese.14．Whatisthefindingofthenewresearch?A．Birdwatchingisadangerousactivity.B．Geesecanlocateandfindhumanbeings.C．Geesehavetheabilityoffacialrecognition.D．Birdwatcherscansnapapictureofagoose.15．WhatdoesKleindorferstressinthelastparagraph?A．Sciencetraining. B．Computerscience.C．Photo-takingskills. D．Cross-subjectstudy二、第一部分阅读，第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howdoweslowdownandeatmoredeliberately?Andwhataresometechniqueswecanusetoeatatahealthypace?16．That'swhenyouuseyoursensestoenjoythefoodandnoticehowitmakesyoufeel.Thefirsttipistotakeatleast20minutestofinishyourmeal.Veryoftenwefindourselveseatingwhiledoingsomethingelse,andthatcanmakeuseatfasterthanwenormallywould.Whenyousitdowntoeat,spendabout20minutesdoingso.17．18．Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.Theycaninterferewithyourabilitytoenjoyyourfoodandnoticewhenyouarefull.Spendtimetoeatandonlyeat.Makesureyourcellphoneisfacedownandyou'renotgoingtoberespondingtoanymessagesthatcomethrough.Noticingallthelittledetailsaboutyourfoodwouldhavegreatbenefitsaswell.19．Onewaytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal.Askyourself:what'sonmyplate?HowhungryamItoday?Isittoosalty?Noticethesmell,thetextureandwhateverothersensesthatariseasyoueat.Insteadofwolfingdown,don'tforgettoactuallychew.Ifyou'reinhaling（吸入）yourfoodyou'reprobablynotchewingit.20．Lookateachbitebeforepoppingitintoyourmouth,acknowledgewhatyou'reeatingandchew,chew,chew.A.Puttingyourphoneawayisalsoadvisable.B.So,you'dbettereatinamorehealthyway.C.Second,removefoodthatwouldmakeyoudistract.D.Expertssharehelpfultipsonhowtoeatmoremindfully.E.Expertssuggestthatchewingisanimportantpartofdigestion.F.Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich.G.Ittakesaboutthattimeforyourbodytogetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull.三、第三部分语言运用，第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。In9thgrade,Ijoinedamilitarytraining(军训)camp.Thespecialeye-openerforcedmyfriendsaway,whowere21．tobeawayfromtheirfamilieswhileIturnedexcitedatthe22．.Inthecamp,the23．wasthefirstchallenge.Honestly,Istartedtobe24．tomyparents,whohadinsistedondoingmypartathome.It'snotaseasyasitsounds.Nottomention,theyhadtodoeverythingthemselves,fromdishesto25．,foruswithoutcomplaint.Butinthecamp,wegotonly20minutesduringthebreaktomakeourbeds,sweeptheflooranddothewashing.Besides,fromthemomentIarrived,thecampimpressedmemostwithasenseof26．.Thedayswerelonganddemanding,filledwith27．designedtopushustoourlimits.Wehada(an)28．instructorwhistlingloudlyat5a.m.WakenupearlyoncoldDecembermornings,wewere29．torunfourlapsbeforebreakfast.Itwasareal30．.Ifonefailed,thewholeteamgottwomorelaps.Gradually,thepain31．.LaterinthemountainclimbingcompetitionwithBoyTeam,weGirlTeamwasthechampion!Afterthosefreezingmornings,we32．it.Eachmemberofourteamworkedsohardonourskills.33．,thesharedexperiencestaughtusalessonof34．.Wereliedoneachotherforsupport.Overall,theexperience,likethesuninthatwinter,warmsmyheartand35．myway.21．A．eager B．pleased C．afraid D．hesitated22．A．potential B．adventure C．campaign D．gathering23．A．homesickness B．routine C．standard D．housework24．A．grateful B．pitiful C．respectful D．devoted25．A．washing B．workoutC．schedules D．relationships26．A．boredom B．urgency C．security D．discipline27．A．systems B．strategies C．challenges D．tracks28．A．enthusiastic B．strict C．considerate D．responsible29．A．commanded B．advised C．expected D．persuaded30．A．treat B．thrill C．struggle D．shame31．A．easedup B．paidoff C．fadedaway D．camealong32．A．took B．meant C．got D．made33．A．Furthermore B．Still C．However D．Anyway34．A．sportsmanship B．teamworkC．friendship D．order35．A．changes B．follows C．lights D．clears四、第三部分语言运用，第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnachillyDecembermorninginBeijing,ZhangTing36．(rise)at6a.m.andstartedtodressforhertriptotheSummerPalace.Twohourslater,thestylish28-year-old,ahip-hopsinger-songwriter,37．(wear)hanfu—traditionalChinesecostume,arrivedattheSummerPalace,animperialgardenestablishedduringtheQingDynasty(1644-1911)and38．UNESCOWorldHeritagesite.Shevisitedhere39．(gain)inspirationforanewsong,forwhichsheplannedtomixelementsof40．(tradition)Chineseculturewithherownstyleofmusic,knownasguofeng,ormusicwithaChineseflavor.Zhangjoinedaworkshop41．（launch）byaplatformaimedatsupportingandcultivatingoriginalChinesemusicandindependent42．（musician）fromChina.Soonafterward,shewrotethesongHongYuinmemoryofLiangHongyu,arespectedheroineduringtheSongDynasty（960-1279）."Imagesofthesefemalerolescameinstantlytomind43．IsawtheancientstageattheSummerPalace,"shesaid.Thethree-dayactivitybroughttogethersinger-songwritersfromaroundthecountryandtargetednewsongsfeaturingelementsofguofeng.LiLiang,headoftheprogram,said,"Youngpeoplegrowupwiththeinternetandareopen44．differentcultures.Theyarenowembracing45．（they）ownculturalaesthetics（美学）,whichismeaningful."五、第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）46．第一节假定你是李华，新的一年到了，你的英国好友Jim来信说他去年的新年计划未能落实，感到苦恼，向你询问按时实施计划的方法。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1.表示理解；2.你的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。3.参考词汇：新年计划NewYearresolutionDearJim,Yours,LiHua47．第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。EverytimeIthinkofthecardattachedwithapicture,itremindsmethatsuccessisimportant,butwhynotsometimesjustadmitthejourney,regardlessofsuccessorfailure,andshowourapproval?Ourapprovalmaybringusanotherstory,whileforothers,anotherchapteroflife.Onemonthago,Iwastemporarilyappointedtobeinchargeofaclass,whentheyjustfinishedanimportantexam.Aboywalkingoutoftheclassroomwithhisfriendsgreetedmehappily.Thesunnysmileonhisfaceshowedhisconfidenceintheexam.HewasMark,atopAstudent.Duringthefollowingdays,Markimpressedmewithhisoptimisminclassandafterclass.OneMondaymorning,asIrushedtowardsmyoffice,IencounteredMark.Wegreetedeachother,buthis"goodmorning"facewasn'tasbrightasusual."Maybehedoesn'tlikeMondayasmuchasIdo."Ithoughtjokingly.Attheoffice,Mark'sless-than-enthusiasticlookremindedmeofhissunnysmile.Recallingthefirsttimewemet,Idrewaboywithabroadsmileandsparklingeyes.Asanewteacher,pupilslikeMarkweremyfavourite.Personally,theylearnedbyheart,andalwaysmetourexpectations.Moreover,theywereeasilysatisfied.Evenasimple"Welldone!"couldbrightentheirday.Toencouragestudents,Ihadmyownawardsystem,includingemptycards,whereIwouldwritethreeorfoursentencesofencouragementbasedonstudents'individualsituations.AsIenjoyedthepleasureofgettinganewidea,Iheardaknockatthedoor.ItwasMark,dragginghisfeetwithhisheaddown,"Madam,I'mupset."Hiswordsamazedme.Whatcouldmakesuchanexcellentstudentsodown?Iaskedifhehadproblemswithhisfriends,butheshookhishead.Concerned,Iinquiredifhewasbeingbullied,butreceivedthesameresponse."Doyourparentsputpressureonyou?"Iwondered.Asforthisquestion,Mark'svoicebegantotrembleandheloweredhisheadagain,whispering,"Theytrustmeandexpectmetogetbetterandbetter.IhadbeendoingmybestbutIgotthethirdplaceintheexam."注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hearinghiswords,Iwaslostinthought.Withmyencouragement,Markopenedthecard.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四家靠近爱丁堡必游景点的最佳酒店。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据WildeApartHotel部分中的"Thehotelfeatureswell-appointed(设备齐全的)servicedapartmentsthathavefullyequippedsmallkitchens,freeWiFi,andcarparkingnearby.Theapartmentsareidealforthosewhoarestayinginthecityformorethananightortwoandwouldliketohaveasmallkitchentoenjoybreakfastorlunch."酒店设有设备齐全的服务式公寓，配有设备齐全的小厨房、免费WiFi和附近的停车场。这些公寓非常适合那些在城市里住一两个晚上以上，且想要有一个小厨房来享用早餐或午餐的人。可知，王尔德公寓酒店有设备齐全的小厨房，适合那些喜欢自己做饭的顾客。故选B。2．考查推理判断。根据ScotsmanHotel部分中的"OriginallybuiltasTheScotsmannewspaperofficesin1905,ScotsmanHotelhasbeencarefullyrestoredintoninefloorsofroomsandsuiteswithcommandingviewsoverthecity."苏格兰人酒店建于1905年，最初是《苏格兰人报》的报社，现已精心修复为九层客房和套房，可俯瞰城市美景。可推测出，苏格兰人酒店特殊的起源让其不同于其他酒店。故选A。3．考查推理判断。根据本文标题"TheBestHotelsinEdinburghClosetotheMust-SeeSights"；第一段中的"Herearesomeselectedhotels,rangingfromiconicfive-starinstitutionstonewapartmenthotels."以下是一些精选酒店，从标志性的五星级机构到新型公寓酒店；以及最后一段"WehopeyoulovetheEdinburghhotelswerecommend!"我们希望你喜欢我们推荐的爱丁堡酒店！可知，本文为游客推荐了一些精选酒店，这些酒店靠近爱丁堡的必看景点。可推测，本文最有可能出自一个游客网站。故选C。【答案】4．A5．B6．B7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者到宁夏回族自治区西海固袁河中学给当地农村孩子上一节英语课，学校的大多数孩子都是贫困家庭的留守儿童，学校在照顾农村孩子方面做出了许多努力。作者还参观了宁夏师范学院，作者在这里感受到了政府对宁夏农村地区教育的支持。在和一位公费学生聊天的过程中，这位学生告诉了作者他毕业后想要给家乡的贫困孩子传播知识。作者感受到了乡村教育对扶贫的重要性。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Afterclass,wechattedalot,andtheywonderedabouteverything,using‘outsideworld'asatermtodescribethewiderglobeformanytimes."下课后，我们聊了很多，他们对一切都很好奇，多次用‘外面的世界'这个词来形容更广阔的世界。可知，孩子们对未知的世界非常好奇，所以多次提到"外面的世界"。故选A。5．考查段落大意。根据第三段"Takingcareofruralchildrenisessential.Theschooloffersboardingservicesandfreebreakfastandlunchtothestudents,whocanalsovideochatwiththeirparentsdaily.Tobettercareforthevillagechildren,theschoolprovidesoutdoorhiking,technology,art,andforeignlanguageprogramstohelpthemunderstandtheoutsideworld.Afterall,high-qualityeducationtodisadvantagedvillagechildrenisthekeytopoverty-alleviation(扶贫)efforts."照顾农村儿童至关重要。学校为学生提供寄宿服务和免费早餐与午餐，学生还可以每天与家长视频聊天。为了更好地照顾村里的孩子，学校提供户外徒步旅行、技术、艺术和外语课程，帮助他们了解外面的世界。毕竟，为贫困农村儿童提供高质量的教育是扶贫工作的关键。可知，第三段主要介绍了学校对农村贫困儿童在生活和教育上的帮助。故选B。6．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"In2013,localandcentralgovernmentslaunchedpublic-fundedprogramstorecruitstudentsinterestedinbecomingteachersinNingxia'sruralvillagesanddistricts."2013年，地方和中央政府启动了公共资助项目，招收有兴趣在宁夏农村地区当教师的学生。可推测出，当局通过重视教育来支持宁夏农村地区。故选B。7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Yangtoldmethatknowledgeisthekeytoleadingabetterlifeaswellasunderstandingtheworld.Alackofknowledgeisoneofthemainfactorsofbeingpoor."杨告诉我，知识是过上更好生活的关键，也是了解世界的关键。缺乏知识是贫穷的主要因素之一。可推测出，杨认为扶贫始于教育。故选D。【答案】8．A9．D10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有关饺子传播的一些历史。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadbynomadic(游牧的)TurkicpeopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause‘manti,'meaning‘dumpling'or‘steamedbun'inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfordumplinginseveralotherlanguages."但一些学者怀疑，它们最早是由生活在中国西部和中亚的突厥游牧民族传播的。之所以会被认为是这种情况，是因为"manti"在许多突厥语中的意思是"饺子"或"馒头"，在其他几种语言中似乎是饺子的词根。可知，由于突厥语的"manti"在其他几种语言中似乎是饺子的词根，所以突厥民族被怀疑是最初传播饺子的人。故选A。9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears."在接下来的一千年里，饺子在中国继续流行并多样化。可知，在突厥之后的一千年里，饺子继续受到人们的喜爱，并且出现了多种形式，可推知"dumplingscertainlygatheredsteaminancientChina"表示的是饺子无疑在古代中国很受欢迎。gathersteam意为"受欢迎，流行"，故选D。10．考查段落大意。根据第四段中的"BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealsocontributedtothespreadofdumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope."除了突厥部落，一些学者认为蒙古帝国也对饺子的传播做出了贡献，也许将饺子引入了东欧的部分地区；以及"TheMongolEmpirealsocontrolledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarietieswereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans‘littlelumps'.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinese‘jiaozi'werebroughttoJapan."蒙古帝国也控制了朝鲜，并可能在那里引入了饺子。后来，随着中国饺子品种被引入更多的国家，讲英语的人开始称它们为饺子，意思是‘小肿块'。第二次世界大战期间，中国的‘饺子'被带到了日本。可知，第四段主要讲述了饺子的传播过程。故选A。11．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.Insteadofthetraditionalmeatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian(素食)dumplings.Peopledevelopednewcookingmethods."在接下来的一千年里，饺子在中国继续流行并多样化。一些社会选择了素食饺子，而不是传统的肉馅。人们开发了新的烹饪方法；以及最后一段中的"However,wecanappreciatethemysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious."然而，我们可以欣赏到使饺子如此多样化的神秘历史之网。可知，饺子经过千年来的发展演变，有了不同的口味和烹饪方法，可推知，用"多样化"最能描述饺子。故选B。【答案】12．D13．C14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了SoniaKleindorfer及其团队开发了一款用于鹅面部识别的人工智能工具，这个工具现在大约有97%的准确度。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Atherinstitute,KonradLorenzwasafamousAustrianzoologistwhocouldcorrectlynameeachkindofgoose,whichmadeKleindorferfeelacertainamountofpressure.‘Icandofive,butwhenthenextfivecome,Istarttohaveamentalmeltdown,'shesays."在她的研究所，康拉德·洛伦兹是一位著名的奥地利动物学家，他能正确地说出每一种鹅的名字，这让克兰多夫感到了一定的压力。她说:"我可以认出五种不同的鹅，但当接下来的五种接踵而来时，我的精神就开始崩溃。"可知，SoniaKleindorfer在工作中的问题是她不能认出所有的鹅。故选D。13．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Afterbuildingthedatabase,theywroteapieceoffacialrecognitionAIthatcouldIDagoose,bylookingatspecificfeaturesofitsbeak(喙)."在建立数据库后，他们编写了一段面部识别人工智能，可以通过观察鹅喙的特定特征来识别鹅。可知，该程序可以通过识别鹅喙来区分鹅。故选C。14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Butsheadds,justremember,hernewresearchsuggeststhatbirdwatchinggoesbothways:Geesecanrememberfacestoo."但她补充道，只是要记住，她的新研究表明，观鸟是双向的：鹅也能记住面孔。知，这项新研究发现鹅也有面部识别的能力。故选C。15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘Weneedmorecomputerscientiststrainedinbehavioralecologyandweneedmoreconservationscientiststrainedincomputerscience,'shesays.‘Butworkingtogether,Ithinkwecandothis.'""我们需要更多受过行为生态学培训的计算机科学家，也需要更多受过计算机科学培训的保护科学家。"她说。"但通过合作，我认为我们可以做到这一点。"可知，Kleindorfer认为需要受过行为生态学培训的计算机科学家和受过计算机科学培训的保护科学家，但可以通过合作达到目的。可推测出，她强调了要跨学科合作研究。故选D。【答案】16．D；17．G；18．A；19．F；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何在吃饭时以健康的速度有意识地进食。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Howdoweslowdownandeatmoredeliberately?Andwhataresometechniqueswecanusetoeatatahealthypace?"我们如何放慢速度，更加有意识地进食？我们可以使用哪些方法来用健康的速度进食？询问如何才能缓慢且有意识地健康饮食；以及空后"That'swhenyouuseyoursensestoenjoythefoodandnoticehowitmakesyoufeel."这时你会用你的感官来享受食物，并注意到它给你的感觉。讲述了达到这种饮食状态时的效果，可知，空处应讲述有这么做的一些方法，D.Expertssharehelpfultipsonhowtoeatmoremindfully."专家们分享了一些关于如何吃得更专心的有益建议。"符合语境，故选D。17．根据空前"Whenyousitdowntoeat,spendabout20minutesdoingso."当你坐下来吃饭时，花大约20分钟的时间进食。讲述了吃饭要用大约20分钟的时间，空处应讲述这么做的道理，G.Ittakesaboutthattimeforyourbodytogetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull."你的身体需要大约那么长时间才能向大脑发出饱腹的信号。"符合语境，故选G。18．根据空后"Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.Theycaninterferewithyourabilitytoenjoyyourfoodandnoticewhenyouarefull."在吃饭的时候去除所有干扰。它们会干扰你享受食物和注意饱腹的能力；以及"Makesureyourcellphoneisfacedownandyou'renotgoingtoberespondingtoanymessagesthatcomethrough."确保你的手机正面朝下，不会回复任何传来的信息。可知，本段主要讲述了吃饭时要拿走会干扰注意力的手机，A.Puttingyourphoneawayisalsoadvisable."把手机收起来也是明智的。"符合语境，故选A。19．根据空后"Onewaytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal."放慢速度的一种方法是运用你的感官，仔细思考你这顿饭的所有细节。讲述了放慢速度的一种方法是注意有关这顿饭的所有细节，所以空处应是说你或许想知道如何放慢速度，F.Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich."你可能想知道如何花整整20分钟吃一个三明治。"符合语境。故选F。20．根据空前"Insteadofwolfingdown,don'tforgettoactuallychew.Ifyou'reinhaling(吸入)yourfoodyou'reprobablynotchewingit."与其狼吞虎咽，别忘了实实在在地咀嚼。如果你吸入食物，你可能没有咀嚼；以及空后"Lookateachbitebeforepoppingitintoyourmouth,acknowledgewhatyou'reeatingandchew,chew,chew."在把每一口咬进