2025年高考英语一轮复习之表语从句

第1页（共1页）2025年高考英语一轮复习之表语从句一．选择题（共15小题）1．（2024•武清区校级模拟）Ifyouspendequaltimestudyingeachsubject，thechancesare______youmayfailintheexam.（）A．how B．what C．when D．that2．（2024•北辰区校级模拟）Itwaswidelyconfirmedbyscientiststhatthatwasexactly________globalgreenhousegasemissionneedstobeaddressedassoonaspossible.（）A．why B．how C．when D．whether3．（2024•济南二模）Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark．（）A．where B．how C．when D．why4．（2024•泰安一模）Thequestionis________thefilmisworthseeing.（）A．where B．that C．whether D．what5．（2024•河西区模拟）Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight．Thatis________hehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework．（）A．why B．how C．that D．because6．（2024•河东区一模）Withthehigh﹣qualitydevelopment，Tianjinhastakenanewlook.Itisn't______itusedtobe.（）A．what B．how C．that D．which7．（2023•红桥区模拟）Onereasonforherpreferenceforthisschoolis______，assheputit，itcanprovideforherfuturedevelopment.（）A．which B．what C．that D．this8．（2023•满洲里市校级一模）Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingishestayeduplatelastnight.（）A．why B．that C．for D．because9．（2023•东丽区校级模拟）Allthepeoplehaveincredibleideastoshare，butwhatmattersis_________we'reabletocarrythemout.（）A．which B．as C．whether D．what10．（2022•天津模拟）Iwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow.Thatwas_________IbegantolearnabouttheLight﹣houseProject.（）A．what B．because C．which D．why11．（2022•宁河区校级模拟）Thecontradictionbetweenunbalancedandinadequatedevelopmentandthepeople'severgrowingneedsforabetterlifeiswemustfaceupto．（）A．that B．what C．how D．where12．（2022•碑林区校级模拟）Theoldbuilding，behind_____wasafamouschurch，was_____weusedtowork.（）A．that；theplace B．it；theplace C．what；where D．which；where13．（2022•和平区校级二模）Somebusinessmenarekeenonpublicwelfare，whichis______localserviceshavebeenfunded.（）A．whether B．what C．where D．how14．（2022•和平区校级模拟）Selfconfidenceisakindofqualityandthatis______ittakestodoeverythingwell.（）A．why B．that C．what D．which15．（2022•和平区校级模拟）Ashipinharborissafe，butthat'snot______shipsarebuiltfor.（）A．what B．whom C．why D．when二．完形填空（共1小题）16．（2022•桃城区校级一模）Afewmonthsago，oneofmyfellowgraduatestudentswasofferedanincrediblecareer﹣buildingopportunity.Hiseffortsonastudent﹣ledcampaigntoincreasefederalfundingforbasicresearchhad（1）aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel.ItwouldlookgreatonhisCV（简历）.Iwashappyforhim，ofcourse.Ihadbeena（n）（2）partnerinthecampaign.IfeltthatIdeservedthesameopportunity.YetIhadn'tbeen（3）andIwasn'tsurewhy.Growingup，Ihadbeentaughtthatthewayto（4）wastoputmyheaddownandworkhard.Ifmyworkwasgoodenough，itwouldspeakforitselfandIwouldbe（5）.Thisview，coupledwithanatural（6），meantthatI（7）workedupthenervetoputmyselfforward.However，IdecidedthatIneedto（8）mylifeagain—﹣bybecomingmyownbiggestadvocate.So，withmyheartbeatingfast，Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizersto（9）me.Mymindwasfilledwithalistofwell﹣practiced（10）.MaybeIdidn'tdeserveit.MaybeIwasbeingtooambitious.Butmycolleagueimmediatelycontactedtheorganizers，whoquicklyagreedto（11）metothepanel.NowI'vecometounderstandthatIcan'tberecognizedformywordifI'minvisible.Thisisn'tarevolutionaryideawhichmanypeopleareunfamiliarwith.Iknow，butasanintrovert（内向的人）thisismy（12）MountEverest.Ithinkadvocatingformyselfwillalwaysmakemealittle（13）.ButIdoplentyofotheruncomfortablethingsto（14）I'mlivingmybestlife，likegettingflushots.IsupposeIcandothesameformy（15）.（1）A．referredtoB．ledtoC．turneddownD．putforward（2）A．specialB．legalC．strictD．equal（3）A．informedB．promotedC．invitedD．received（4）A．successB．practiceC．powerD．reality（5）A．rewardedB．protectedC．attractedD．affected（6）A．kindnessB．patienceC．shynessD．courage（7）A．rarelyB．frequentlyC．quietlyD．completely（8）A．makesenseofB．findfaultwithC．payattentiontoD．takecontrolof（9）A．benefitB．includeC．observeD．change（10）A．agreementB．emphasisC．inspirationD．self﹣doubt（11）A．addB．sendC．hireD．track（12）A．personalB．flexibleC．simpleD．traditional（13）A．unreasonableB．uncomfortableC．dishonestD．discontent（14）A．proveB．ensureC．recordD．predict（15）A．healthB．colleagueC．careerD．education三．阅读理解（共3小题）17．（2024春•仓山区校级期末）Modernlifebringsusmanythingstoworryabout，andyoumaycomeacrossafriendortworemindingeveryoneto"justbreathe."Butcanjustbreathingreallymakeadifference？"Therateanddepthwebreatheathasahugeeffectonourmentalstate，"saysElissaEpel，aprofessorfromSanFrancisco.ResearcherslikeEpelareexploringhowbreathingcanhelppeoplereduceanxietyandtheyfindthatbreathingcouldbeanoverlookedkeytofindingmorecalmandpeace.Ina2017study，highlyanxiouspeoplewereaskedtotakeabreathcourseandtopractisetwiceadayathome.Aftereightweeks，theyreportedfeelinglessanxiouscomparedtoagroupthatdidn'treceivethetraining.Theyalsoshowedphysicalsignsofreducedanxiety，includinglowerheartrate.Aregularbreathingpracticemighthelpyoufeelcalmerinyoureverydaylife.Butotherstudiessuggestthatfocusingonyourbreathinginmomentsofacutestresscouldalsobeuseful.Inanolderstudy，researcherstoldparticipantsthattheyweregoingtoreceiveelectricshocks，whichactuallyneverhappened.Someofthempractisedbreathingslowlybeforetheshocks，whileothersfocusedonbreathingatanormalrateordidn'tregulatetheirbreathingatall.Theslowbreathersnotonlyreportedfeelinglessanxiouswhileexpectingthepain，butalsoshowedloweranxietyonaphysicallevel，asmeasuredbysweatandbloodflowtothefingers.Anotherstudyfollowingthestudyabovetestedthreedifferentbreathingstyles：fastinhaling（吸入）withslowexhaling；slowinhalingwithfastexhaling；orevenlypacedinhalingandexhaling.Here，thefastinhalingwithslowexhaling（2secondsin，8secondsout）wasthemosteffectiveatrelievingboththephysicalandmentalanxiety.Allthesestudiesshowhowmuchinfluenceourbodyhasonourmind.Ifthewaywe'rebreathingissignalingtoourbrainsthatsomethingiswrong，it'snowonderwefeelanxious.（1）WhatdoresearcherslikeEpelfind？A．Mostpeoplehavementalproblems.B．Peopleignoretheeffectofanxiety.C．Lifegivespeopletoomuchstress.D．Properbreathingcanbringpeoplepeace.（2）Whathappenedtothepeoplewhopractisedbreathingforeightweeks？A．Theirbodiesbecamestronger.B．Theirheartsbeatfaster.C．Theygotlessanxiousindailylife.D．Theyhadabettersleep.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromtheolderstudy？A．Thenormalbreathersfeellessanxious.B．Sweatshowsagoodphysicallevel.C．Slowbreathingcanrelievereal﹣timeanxiety.D．Bloodflowcancauseanxiety.（4）Whatisparagraph6mainlyabout？A．Thesimilaritiesofthreebreathingmethods.B．Theinfluencesofbreathingonanxiety.C．Thestylesofchangingbreathing.D．Whatthebestbreathingwayis.18．（2024春•晋安区期末）TheBestHistoryBooksoftheMonthTheChurchillSisters＄23.99ByDr.RachelTretheweyNewReleasein20thCenturyHistoryoftheUKWhat'sitliketogrowupasthedaughterofWinstonChurchill，themanwholedthecountrytovictoryagainstNaziGermanyinWWⅡ？ThebookbringsthecloserelationshipbetweenDiana，Sarah，andMarytovividlife，showinghowtheywere，inaway，mirrorsoftheirfamilyandalsomirrorsoftheirtime.TheBrightAges＄23.22ByDavidPerryFormanyofus，theMiddleAgesisatimeofdarkness.Butitwasactuallyathousand﹣year﹣longperiodofartandliterature，religionandcathedrals，andgreatrulers.Thispopularhistorywillclarifyafact﹣thatperiodwasn'tjusttheDarkAgesbuttheBrightAges.Audioeditionavailable.AKillerbyDesign＄25.99ByAnnBurgessNewReleasein20thCenturyHistoryoftheU.S.Imaginereadingtheexperiences，thoughts，andbreakthroughsofawomannotonlyworkingonthemostdisturbingserialcrimesofthepastcentury，butalsoinvolvedinthecreationoftheFBI'sBehavioralAnalysisUnit.Thisbookwillputyouonthesecases，andintothemindsofsomeoftheworstcriminals.Sapiens＄35.99ByYuvalHarariBook2of2：APictureHistoryInthissecondbookinthebest﹣sellinggraphicnovelseries，westartoff12，000yearsagoandmoveforwardfromthere.Forthosewhohaven'treadthefirstbook，readitfirst，butknowthatthere'sanequallycolorfulandentertainingpicturebookwaitingontheshelf.（1）WhichbookshouldonereadtoknowmoreaboutAmerica？A．TheChurchillSisters.B．TheBrightAges.C．AKillerbyDesign.D．Sapiens.（2）Whosebookmayserveasagoodpresentforsomeoneblind？A．RachelTrethewey.B．DavidPerry.C．AnnBurgess.D．YuvalHarari.（3）Whichbookconcernsthelongesthumanhistory？A．TheChurchillSistersB．TheBrightAgesC．AKillerbyDesignD．Sapiens19．（2022•宜宾模拟）HanTianhengpickedupacarvingknifeattheageof6andneverputitdown.Today，the79year﹣oldartist，oneofChina'smostrespectedlivingmastersofsealcarving（印章雕刻），calligraphyandChinesepainting，stillrememberstheincidentthefirsttimeheheldaknifeinhishand."Icutmythumbbadlyandwashorrifiedbythebloodysight，"hesaid，addingthathismotherappliedashesbecauseshecouldn'taffordtotakehimtoahospital."Thecutleftascar，whichisstillcleartoday."Aneyeforaneyeandbloodforblood，theincidentdidn'tsethimback.Instead，itarousedhispassionfortheancientartform.Hewasdeterminedtopursueapaththatwouldleadtoacareerinsealcarving.Hansaid.Thejourneyofartexplorationwasalittlebumpyfortheyoungmaninhisquestforexcellence，andhissealworkswereharshlycriticizedbyafamousoldpainter.Mostwouldhavecrumbledunderthecriticism，notHan.Itmadehimevenmoredetermined.Aftersixmonths'hardwork，hevisitedthepainteragain."Thistime，heaskedmetocarveasealforhim.Thiswaspositiveaffirmation，"Hansaid."Praiseandcriticismarewhatanartistshouldlearntohandleallhislife.Praiseiscandyandcriticismismedicine.Wecanlivewithoutcandy，butcannotlivewithoutmedicinewhenill."Hanrosetofameduringtheearly1960sfamousforbirdandinsectsealart.Han'ssealsareanessentialendingpartonthepaintingsofalonglistofwell﹣establishedartists."Asealforagoodpaintingis.likethebuttonsforanhautecouture（高档女子时装）.Anexperiencedtailoralwaysknowshowtochoosebuttonsthatmatchesthewholestyle，"HansaidHissealsarefullofvariety—grandandsolemnforLiuHaisu'spaintings，lightandvividforLuYanshao's，gracefulandgentleforXieZhiliu's."Agoodsealcarvershouldkeepbisownstyle，andatthesametimegowellwiththepainting'sstyle."hesaid.（1）WhatinfluencedidtheincidenthaveonHanwhenhewassix？A．Hegotinjuredveryseriously.B．Helearnedhowtouseaknife.C．Itarousedhisinterestinsealcarving.D．Ithelpedhimlearnhowhardlifewas.（2）WhichbestdescribesHan'sjourneyofartexploration？A．Smoothandfruitful.B．Inspiringandlucky.C．Boringbutworthwhile.D．Toughbutrewarding.（3）InHan'sopinion，whatdoanexperiencedtailorandagoodsealcarvershare？A．Thehugerespecttheyearn.B．Theflexibilitytheydisplayatwork.C．Thetargetedcustomerstheyserve.D．Theeffortstheyhavetomaketosucceed.（4）Inwhichsection，ofanewspaperdoesthistextmostprobablyappear？A．Education.B．Events.C．Entertainment.D．People.四．信息匹配（共1小题）20．（2023•安宁区校级模拟）Ashumanbeings，ourabilitytopredictandpreventtroubleisoneofthosesuperpowersthatsetusapartfrombirdsandbeasts.（1）Dr.MichelleNewman，directoroftheLaboratoryforAnxietyandDepressionResearchatPennsylvaniaStateUniversity，presentssomecharacteristicsofout﹣of﹣controlworrying，likefocusingonthingsoverwhichyouhavenocontrol，orwhichhavealowprobabilityofhappening，and"catastrophizing"them.Worryingaboutalovedonewho'sdrivingandpicturingthehorribleconsequencesofanaccidentisoneexample.（2）Constantworryingandanxietycanincreaseyourbloodpressureandheartrate，whichhasbeenlinkedtoahigherriskforcardiovascular（心脏血管的）diseases.Anxietycanalsooveractivateyourimmunesystem.Butisn'tthereabenefittolotsofworrying？Afterall，ifyourmindisdealingwithemergenciesandpotentialthreats，youcanactnowtopreventthem，right？（3）"Mostlyworryingbecomesaprocesstoitselfthatdoesn'tleadtoproblemsolvingorhelpingyouinanyway，"shesays."Ifyou'reworryingaboutsomething，"shesays，"you'renottakingstepstoaddressthesourceofyourworry，ifthat'sevenpossible."Infact，worryisreallyafailuretoliveinthemoment，Newmansays.（4）Exercise，massageandotherthingsthatrelievephysicaltensionarealsohelpful，shesays.（5）Selectaspotyoucangettoeasilyeveryday，butthatisn'taplacewhereyounormallyspendtime，Newmanadvises.Yourgoalistogiveyourself20or30minutesadayinthatspace，devotedonlytoworrying."Therestoftheday，youtellyourselfyouaren'tgoingtoworrybecauseyouwillatthattimeandplace，"Newmanexplains."Theideaisthatbysettingapartyourworry，youcancontrolit."A．That'sbadnewsforseveralreasons.B．Unfortunately，Newmanopposesthisidea.C．Activitieslikeyogathatattempttocomfortyourmindtothepresentmayhelp.D．Focusingonafavoriterelaxingsettinghasalsoprovenworry﹣reducingbenefits.E．Butnonstopworryingcanruinyourlifeandyourimmunesystemtosomedegree.F．Imaginingissuesthatmightleadtoyourlosingyourjobandyourhomeisanother.G．Anothergreatwaytocontrolyourworryistosetasideaspecifictimeandplaceforit.

2025年高考英语一轮复习之表语从句参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共15小题）1．（2024•武清区校级模拟）Ifyouspendequaltimestudyingeachsubject，thechancesare______youmayfailintheexam.（）A．how B．what C．when D．that【分析】如果你花同样的时间学习每门科目，你可能会在考试中不及格。【解答】分析句子结构可知，are是系动词，后面的"_____youmayfailintheexam"是表语从句，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用连接词that引导。故选：D。【点评】考查名词性从句时要注意分析句子成分．同时注意连接代词使用的原则，如果从句缺少主语、宾语或表语，一般用连接代词what，which，who，如果不缺主语、宾语或表语，则可能用that或其他连接副词2．（2024•北辰区校级模拟）Itwaswidelyconfirmedbyscientiststhatthatwasexactly________globalgreenhousegasemissionneedstobeaddressedassoonaspossible.（）A．why B．how C．when D．whether【分析】科学家们普遍认为，这正是需要尽快解决全球温室气体排放问题的原因。【解答】A.why为什么，……的原因；B.how如何，怎样；C.when什么时候；D.whether是否。句子分析可知，"________globalgreenhousegasemissionneedstobeaddressedassoonaspossible"在that引导的主语从句中作表语，设空处在表语从句中作状语，根据句中"Itwaswidelyconfirmedbyscientists"以及空后"globalgreenhousegasemissionneedstobeaddressedassoonaspossible"可知设空处表示"……的原因"，应该用连接副词why。故选：A。【点评】考查名词性从句时要注意分析句子成分。同时注意连接代词使用的原则，如果从句缺少主语、宾语或表语，一般用连接代词what，which，who，如果不缺主语、宾语或表语，则可能用that或其他连接副词。3．（2024•济南二模）Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark．（）A．where B．how C．when D．why【分析】上次我们玩的愉快是在参观水上公园的时候．【解答】答案：C分析句式可知，_____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark是表语从句，在该从句中不缺主语、宾语，所以判断缺少状语，结合前面Thelasttime表示时间，所以用when来引导表语从句．【点评】考生需对表语从句的特别掌握，以及连接词的选用要根据具体语境来判断．4．（2024•泰安一模）Thequestionis________thefilmisworthseeing.（）A．where B．that C．whether D．what【分析】问题是这部电影是否值得一看。【解答】分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，从句缺少"是否"含义，应用whether引导从句。C项正确。A.where在哪里；B.that无诩义；D.what什么。故选：C。【点评】考查表语从句，弄清楚哪些连词引导表语从句及一些表语从句的特殊结构，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。5．（2024•河西区模拟）Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight．Thatis________hehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework．（）A．why B．how C．that D．because【分析】昨天晚上他没有去看电影．那是因为他得帮助他的小妹妹做作业．【解答】解析：考查表语从句．分析句子结构及句意可知，is是be动词，属于系动词，空处在句中引导表语从句，且前后两个句子中，第一个句子表示的是"事情的结果"，第二个句子表示的是"事情的起因"，故应用because"因为，由于"来引导该表语从句．故选：D．【点评】高考会把名词性从句与强调句和定语从句结合在一起，学生要有扎实的语法知识基础，分析句子，选择正确的关系词或引导词．6．（2024•河东区一模）Withthehigh﹣qualitydevelopment，Tianjinhastakenanewlook.Itisn't______itusedtobe.（）A．what B．how C．that D．which【分析】随着高质量发展，天津面貌焕然一新。现在已经不是以前的样子了。【解答】分析句子可知横线处引导表语从句，在从句中缺表语，指物，所以用what引导该从句。故选：A。【点评】分析句子结构，根据所做的句子成分确定从句的引导词。7．（2023•红桥区模拟）Onereasonforherpreferenceforthisschoolis______，assheputit，itcanprovideforherfuturedevelopment.（）A．which B．what C．that D．this【分析】她喜欢这所学校的原因之一是，正如她所说的，它可以为她未来的发展提供条件。【解答】考查名词性从句。分析句子可知本句考查表语从句，从句中assheputit是插入语，主句中缺少provide的宾语，所以用what来引导。that在名词性从句不作成分；which引导名词性从句意思是哪一个。故选：B。【点评】名词性从句一直是高考考查的热点，近几年的高考题主要考查在具体语境中对what和that的辨析，此外，也要求学生对定语从句和名词性从句有清晰的辨认。首先我们要判断它是哪个名词性从句。名词性从句是主句的一部分，可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语．就是说，如果我们能判断出某个从句是某个主句的主语、宾语、表语或同位语。8．（2023•满洲里市校级一模）Thereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingishestayeduplatelastnight.（）A．why B．that C．for D．because【分析】他没有参加会议的原因是他昨晚熬夜了。【解答】此处为表语从句，hestayeduplatelastnight.此句不缺成分，也不缺意思，所以用that引导。构成Thereasonwhyisthat为什么...的原因是...。根据句意：他没有参加会议的原因是他昨晚熬夜了。故选：B。【点评】that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、"是否"。9．（2023•东丽区校级模拟）Allthepeoplehaveincredibleideastoshare，butwhatmattersis_________we'reabletocarrythemout.（）A．which B．as C．whether D．what【分析】所有人都有不可思议的想法可以分享，但重要的是我们是否能够把它们付诸实践。【解答】A.which哪一个；B.as正如……那样；C.whether是否；D.what什么。结合句中"Allthepeoplehaveincredibleideastoshare，butwhatmattersis"及"we'reabletocarrythemout"可知，此处指人们的不可思议的想法是否能够付诸实践，选项C符合题意。故选：C。【点评】明确whether引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分，表示"是否"。10．（2022•天津模拟）Iwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow.Thatwas_________IbegantolearnabouttheLight﹣houseProject.（）A．what B．because C．which D．why【分析】我想要在世界上有所作为。这是我为什么开始了解灯塔计划的原因。【解答】根据句子可知，此句是表语从句。what什么；because因为；which哪一个；why为什么。题干中why连接表语从句，begintolearnabout作谓语，theLight﹣houseproject作宾语，句子结构完整，要用副词作状语。故选：D。【点评】本题考查连接词的用法。从句中连接词的选择要根据从句的结构来判断。尤其要注意谓语动词，看它是否及物，是否缺少宾语等。11．（2022•宁河区校级模拟）Thecontradictionbetweenunbalancedandinadequatedevelopmentandthepeople'severgrowingneedsforabetterlifeiswemustfaceupto．（）A．that B．what C．how D．where【分析】人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间矛盾是我们必须正视的矛盾．【解答】考查名词性从句．句意：人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间矛盾是我们必须正视的矛盾．分析句子可知本句的主语是Thecontradiction，"__wemustfaceupto"是表语从句，表语从句中缺少宾语，所以用what来引导．that不做成分；where与how做状语．故选：B。【点评】名词性从句一直是高考考查的热点，近几年的高考题主要考查在具体语境中对what和that的辨析，此外，也要求学生对定语从句和名词性从句有清晰的辨认．首先我们要判断它是哪个名词性从句．名词性从句是主句的一部分，可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语．就是说，如果我们能判断出某个从句是某个主句的主语、宾语、表语或同位语，12．（2022•碑林区校级模拟）Theoldbuilding，behind_____wasafamouschurch，was_____weusedtowork.（）A．that；theplace B．it；theplace C．what；where D．which；where【分析】这个古老的建筑是我以前上班的地方，在它的后面是一个非常有名的教堂。【解答】分析句子可知，句子的主干是Theoldbuildingwaswhereweusedtowork；而behindwhichwasafamouschurch，是定语从句，修饰限定前面的theoldbuilding，同时，这个定语从句的结构是完全倒装句，正常的语序为afamouschurchwasbehindwhich，该从句为了修饰主语名词的关系而把表方位状语的behindwhich提到了前面，构成了完全倒装。再者whereweusedtowork是一个表语从句，而由于老建筑在这个表语从句中作地点状语，故用了where。故选：D。【点评】本题考查表语从句的用法。从句中连接词的选择要根据从句的结构来判断。尤其要注意谓语动词，看它是否及物，是否缺少宾语等。13．（2022•和平区校级二模）Somebusinessmenarekeenonpublicwelfare，whichis______localserviceshavebeenfunded.（）A．whether B．what C．where D．how【分析】一些商人热衷于公共福利，这也是地方服务的资金来源。【解答】分析句子，______localserviceshavebeenfunded为表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，应用how引导。故选：D。【点评】本题考查连接词的用法。从句中连接词的选择要根据从句的结构来判断。尤其要注意谓语动词，看它是否及物，是否缺少宾语等。14．（2022•和平区校级模拟）Selfconfidenceisakindofqualityandthatis______ittakestodoeverythingwell.（）A．why B．that C．what D．which【分析】自信是一种良好品质，这也是把任何事情做好需要的品质。【解答】这是一个表语从句，what在表语从句中作takes的宾语，同时引导表语从句，构成ittakessth.todosth.句型，意为"这就是做某事所需要的"。C项正确。故选：C。【点评】考查表语从句，弄清楚哪些连词引导表语从句及一些表语从句的特殊结构，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。15．（2022•和平区校级模拟）Ashipinharborissafe，butthat'snot______shipsarebuiltfor.（）A．what B．whom C．why D．when【分析】港口的船是安全的，但这不是建轮船的目的。【解答】A.what什么；B.whom谁；C.why为什么；D.when什么时候。本题考查表语从句中的引导词；题干中系动词后面的表语从句；从句中for缺少宾语，where和why是副词，不做宾语，排除B和D；why在名词性从句中表示原因；本题无表示原因的含义，排除C。what在名词性从句中做主语、宾语、表语或定语。故选：A。【点评】本题考查表语从句。单项选择题考查内容广泛，涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面，设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。二．完形填空（共1小题）16．（2022•桃城区校级一模）Afewmonthsago，oneofmyfellowgraduatestudentswasofferedanincrediblecareer﹣buildingopportunity.Hiseffortsonastudent﹣ledcampaigntoincreasefederalfundingforbasicresearchhad（1）Baninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel.ItwouldlookgreatonhisCV（简历）.Iwashappyforhim，ofcourse.Ihadbeena（n）（2）Dpartnerinthecampaign.IfeltthatIdeservedthesameopportunity.YetIhadn'tbeen（3）CandIwasn'tsurewhy.Growingup，Ihadbeentaughtthatthewayto（4）Awastoputmyheaddownandworkhard.Ifmyworkwasgoodenough，itwouldspeakforitselfandIwouldbe（5）A.Thisview，coupledwithanatural（6）C，meantthatI（7）Aworkedupthenervetoputmyselfforward.However，IdecidedthatIneedto（8）Dmylifeagain—﹣bybecomingmyownbiggestadvocate.So，withmyheartbeatingfast，Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizersto（9）Bme.Mymindwasfilledwithalistofwell﹣practiced（10）D.MaybeIdidn'tdeserveit.MaybeIwasbeingtooambitious.Butmycolleagueimmediatelycontactedtheorganizers，whoquicklyagreedto（11）Ametothepanel.NowI'vecometounderstandthatIcan'tberecognizedformywordifI'minvisible.Thisisn'tarevolutionaryideawhichmanypeopleareunfamiliarwith.Iknow，butasanintrovert（内向的人）thisismy（12）AMountEverest.Ithinkadvocatingformyselfwillalwaysmakemealittle（13）B.ButIdoplentyofotheruncomfortablethingsto（14）BI'mlivingmybestlife，likegettingflushots.IsupposeIcandothesameformy（15）C.（1）A．referredtoB．ledtoC．turneddownD．putforward（2）A．specialB．legalC．strictD．equal（3）A．informedB．promotedC．invitedD．received（4）A．successB．practiceC．powerD．reality（5）A．rewardedB．protectedC．attractedD．affected（6）A．kindnessB．patienceC．shynessD．courage（7）A．rarelyB．frequentlyC．quietlyD．completely（8）A．makesenseofB．findfaultwithC．payattentiontoD．takecontrolof（9）A．benefitB．includeC．observeD．change（10）A．agreementB．emphasisC．inspirationD．self﹣doubt（11）A．addB．sendC．hireD．track（12）A．personalB．flexibleC．simpleD．traditional（13）A．unreasonableB．uncomfortableC．dishonestD．discontent（14）A．proveB．ensureC．recordD．predict（15）A．healthB．colleagueC．careerD．education【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了同学获得了更好的职业发展机会，作者认为，自己也应该有同样的机会，但是，因为内向羞怯的性格阻挡了职业发展，因此，作者决心突破自己，参与到竞争中。【解答】（1）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.referredto查阅，提到；B.ledto导致；C.turneddown拒绝；D.putforward提出。句意：他在一项以学生为主导的、以增加基础研究的资助的运动中的努力使他受邀在专家组会议上发言。根据下文"aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel"可知，作者的同学因为他在此次运动中的努力使（导致ledto）他受邀在专家组会议上发言。故选B项。（2）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.special特殊的；B.legal合法的；C.strict严格的；D.equal平等的。句意：我在活动中和他是一个同样付出努力的一员。根据下文"IfeltthatIdeservedthesameopportunity."可知，作者认为自己应该得到同样的机会，因此可推知，作者认为自己和同学做出了同等的努力，是平等的（equal）。故选D项。（3）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.informed通知；B.promoted提升；C.invited邀请；D.received收到。句意：但是我没有被邀请，我也不知道为什么。根据上文"Hiseffortsonastudent﹣ledcampaigntoincreasefederalfundingforbasicresearchhadaninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel"可知，作者的同学被邀请发言，而自己没有被邀请（invited）。故选C项。（4）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.success成功；B.practice实践；C.power权力，力量；D.reality现实。句意：在成长的过程中，我一直被教导，成功的方法就是低头努力工作。根据下文"Ifmyworkwasgoodenough，itwouldspeakforitselfandIwouldbe"可知，作者一直被教导只要努力工作，就会成功并有回报。故选A项。（5）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.rewarded回报，奖励；B.protected保护；C.attracted吸引；D.affected影响。句意：如果我的工作足够好的话，我会得到回报的。根据上文"Growingup，Ihadbeentaughtthatthewaytowastoputmyheaddownandworkhard."可知，作者一直被教导努力工作，就会成功并有回报（rewarded）。故选A项。（6）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.kindness善良；B.patience耐心；C.shyness害羞；D.courage勇气。句意：这种观点，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气推荐自己。根据下文"workedupthenervetoputmyselfforward"以及下文"butasanintrovert（内向的人）"可知，作者很少鼓起勇气推荐自己，可推知作者是内向羞怯（shyness）的人。故选C项。（7）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.rarely很少；B.frequently频繁；C.quietly安静；D.completely完全。句意：这种想法，再加上天生的羞怯，意味着我很少鼓起勇气推荐自己。根据上文"Thisview，coupledwithanatural"以及下文"butasanintrovert（内向的人）"可知，作者是一个内向羞怯的人，因此，作者很少（rarely）鼓起勇气提出自己的观点。故选A项。（8）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.makesenseof有意义；B.findfaultwith挑剔；C.payattentionto注意；D.takecontrolof控制。句意：然而，我决定我需要重新掌控我的生活﹣﹣成为我自己最大的拥护者。根据下文"So，withmyheartbeatingfast，Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizerstome."可知，作者让同事询问小组的组织者把他也包括进去，因此可推知作者想克服自己羞怯的性格并掌控（takecontrolof）自己的生活。故选D项。（9）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.benefit受益；B.include包括；C.observe观察；D.change改变。句意：所以，我心跳加速着让我的同事请小组组织者把我也包括进来。根据上文"However，IdecidedthatIneedtomylifeagain—bybecomingmyownbiggestadvocate."可知，作者决定重新掌控自己的生活，参与竞争，因此让同事请小组组织者把他也包括（include）进来。故选B项。（10）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.agreement协定；意见一致；B.emphasis强调；C.inspiration灵感；启发；D.self﹣doubt自我怀疑。句意：我的脑海里充斥着一大堆练习得很好的自我怀疑。根据上文以及下文"MaybeIdidn'tdeserveit.MaybeIwasbeingtooambitious."可知，作者是一个内向羞怯的人，因此，作者想突破自己加入到竞争行列时，内心充满自我怀疑（self﹣doubt）。故选D项。（11）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.add加入；B.send发送；C.hire雇用；D.track跟踪。句意：但我的同事立即联系了组织者，他们很快同意将我加入小组。根据上文"So，withmyheartbeatingfast，Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizerstome.可知，作者让同事请小组组织者把自己也包括进来，组织者很快同意作者加入（add）。故选A项。（12）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.personal个人的；B.flexible灵活的；C.simple简单的；D.traditional传统的。句意：但作为一个内向的人，这是我个人的珠穆朗玛峰。根据上文"Iaskedmycolleaguetoaskthepanelorganizerstome."以及"butasanintrovert（内向的人）"可知，作者作为一个内向的人，挑战自己内向的性格去勇敢地参与竞争，这对本人来说，就像是个人的（personal）珠穆朗玛峰。故选A项。（13）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unreasonable不合理的；B.uncomfortable不舒服的；C.dishonest不诚实的；D.discontent不满足的。句意：我觉得鼓吹自己总是会让我有点不舒服。根据下一句"ButIdoplentyofotheruncomfortablethingstoI'mlivingmybestlife"可知，作者做了很多让自己不舒服的事情来保证他的生活，结合上文中作者提到自己是一个羞怯的人，可推知，鼓吹自己令他不舒服（uncomfortable）。故选B项。（14）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.prove证明；B.ensure保证，确保；C.record记录；D.predict预测。句意：但是我做了很多其他不舒服的事情来保证我过最好的生活，比如打流感疫苗。根据下文"I'mlivingmybestlife，likegettingflushots"可知，作者通过如打疫苗等不舒服的事情来保证（ensure）自己的生活。故选B项。（15）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.health健康；B.colleague同事；C.career职业；D.education教育。句意：我想我也可以为我的事业做同样的事。通读全文，尤其是本文第一句"Afewmonthsago，oneofmyfellowgraduatestudentswasofferedanincrediblecareer﹣buildingopportunity."及下文可知，作者同学得到了一个令人难以置信的职业发展机会，作者非常羡慕，因此，也想克服自身羞怯，勇敢地参与竞争，也希望自己的职业（career）有所发展。故选C项。【点评】完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。三．阅读理解（共3小题）17．（2024春•仓山区校级期末）Modernlifebringsusmanythingstoworryabout，andyoumaycomeacrossafriendortworemindingeveryoneto"justbreathe."Butcanjustbreathingreallymakeadifference？"Therateanddepthwebreatheathasahugeeffectonourmentalstate，"saysElissaEpel，aprofessorfromSanFrancisco.ResearcherslikeEpelareexploringhowbreathingcanhelppeoplereduceanxietyandtheyfindthatbreathingcouldbeanoverlookedkeytofindingmorecalmandpeace.Ina2017study，highlyanxiouspeoplewereaskedtotakeabreathcourseandtopractisetwiceadayathome.Aftereightweeks，theyreportedfeelinglessanxiouscomparedtoagroupthatdidn'treceivethetraining.Theyalsoshowedphysicalsignsofreducedanxiety，includinglowerheartrate.Aregularbreathingpracticemighthelpyoufeelcalmerinyoureverydaylife.Butotherstudiessuggestthatfocusingonyourbreathinginmomentsofacutestresscouldalsobeuseful.Inanolderstudy，researcherstoldparticipantsthattheyweregoingtoreceiveelectricshoc