2021江苏溧水县高考英语一轮课外练习(3)及答案

2021江苏溧水县高考英语一轮课外练习（3）及答案完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[谈论文型完形填空]-Wealwayswantwhatwecannothave.Whenwe'reyoung,wewanttostayoutlate,haveromanticrelationships,andbe__1__.However,whenwe're__2__，wewanttogobacktobeingyoungandwe__3__thedayswhenwedidn'thavetoworryaboutcomplexloveaffairs,__4__pressure,andmoneyproblems.Youngpeoplebelieveadulthood__5__freedomfromparentsandschoolwork.Whenwegetolder，wefeelthat__6__isfreedomfromworkpressureandfamilyresponsibilities.To__7__thisfeeling,peoplesay,“Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside.”Asteenagers,weliketobelikeadultsbutasyoungadults,we__8__tobeyoungagain.Wethinkaboutstayingoutlateandhavingourownmoneytospend.Suddenly,weseethatlovecanresultin__9__hearts;stayingoutlatemakesithardtogetreadyfor__10__thenextmorning.Wefindoutthatadultlifeisnotas__11__aswethoughtitwouldbeandsuddenly,lifebecomesveryscary.Lifeisfair.Itgivesustimeto__12__butalsorequiresustowork.Thetimewillcomewhenwemustgrowupandwewillalwayslookbackwishingwe__13__beingyoungabitlonger.Thattimewillnotcomeback.Itisnormaltowantwhatwecannothavebutthe__14__isthattobehappyistoappreciatewhatwehave.Thatisthefirststeptogrowingup.__15__lifebecomesmorecomplex,wewillnotregretthetimewewastedwishingwewereadults.1.A．comfortableB．dependentC．independentD．polite2.A．olderB．defeatedC．marriedD．confident3.A．likeB．forgetC．regretD．miss4.A．studyB．jobC．ageD．health5.A．createsB．showsC．meansD．limits6.A．childhoodB．adulthoodC．parenthoodD．romanticism7.A．reduceB．describeC．experienceD．understand8.A．wishB．decideC．returnD．stop9.A．healthyB．ambitiousC．brokenD．excited10.A．breakfastB．schoolC．exerciseD．work11.A．richB．busyC．freeD．easy12.A．studyB．thinkC．playD．live13.A．stoppedB．enjoyedC．imaginedD．tried14.A．reasonB．resultC．dreamD．truth15.A．IfB．WhenC．UnlessD．BeforeB【要点综述】本文叙述了年轻人期望自己很快长大，由于长大了就意味着自由和独立；而成年人则期望自己能够回到童年，由于童年没有工作的压力和家庭的负担。生活总是这样的冲突，我们要学会珍惜身边的事物，由于那才是真正的幸福。1．C当我们年轻的时候，我们期望自己能够独立。2．A年轻的时候期望长大，年老的时候，我们又期望自己能够重新年轻起来。3．D我们思念无忧无虑的、没有压力的日子。4．B其次段中的workpressure说明这里也是指工作的压力，故job为正确答案。5．C年轻人认为成年意味着可以远离父母和没有作业。6．A成年人则认为童年可以远离工作压力和躲避家庭的责任。7．B这种感觉可以被描述为：“草是那边绿(这山望着那山高)”。8．A当我们年轻的时候，我们想要长大，成为成年人。当我们长大以后，我们又期望自己再次年轻起来。9．C爱会让人心碎。10．D玩得太晚意味着其次天早晨很难预备好去工作。11．D我们发觉成年人的生活并不像我们原来所想的那样简洁。12．C生活给我们玩的时间，也要求我们去工作。13．B我们总是期望能够更多地享受青春。enjoydoingsth宠爱做某事。14．D想要得到我们没有的东西是很正常的事情。但是真相是，幸福就是观赏我们所拥有的东西，而不是去追求那些虚无缥缈的事物。15．B当生活变得更简洁的时候，我们不会圆满我们把时间铺张在了期望自己是成年人上。阅读理解。Theamountoftimechildrenspendininstitutionalcare（机构式照看）mayaffecthowtheirbrainsdevelop.That’stheconclusionofanewstudycarriedoutbyresearchersattheUniversityofWisconsin,HarvardMedicalSchoolandtheUniversityofTolearnhowthelackofcareandmaterialneedsthatinstitutionalizedchildrenoftenexperienceaffectbraindevelopment,theresearcherslookedat1328-and9-year-olds.SomeofthemwereadoptedintoU.S.homesafterspendingatleastayearandthreequartersoftheirlivesininstitutionsinAsia,LatinAmerica,RussiaandEasternEurope,andAfrica.Otherswereadoptedbythetimetheywere8monthsoldintoU.S.homesfromfostercare（寄养）inAsiaandLatinAmerica;mostofthesechildrenhadspentnotimeininstitutionalcare,whilesomehadspentamonthortwoininstitutionspriortofosterplacement.Onaverage,theinternationallyadoptedchildrenhadbeenlivingwiththeirfamiliesformorethan6years.ThesechildrenwerecomparedtoagroupofAmericanchildrenraisedintheirbirthfamilies.Childrenadoptedearlyfromfostercaredidn'tdifferfromchildrenraisedintheirbirthfamiliesintheUnitedStates.Childrenadoptedfrominstitutionalcareperformedworsethanthoseraisedinfamiliesontestsmeasuringvisualmemoryandattention,learningvisualinformation,andimpulse（冲动）control.Yetthesechildrenperformedatdevelopmentallyappropriatelevelsontestsinvolvingsequencingandplanning.Thetake-homemessage:Childrenmaketremendousadvancesincognitive（认知的）functioningoncetheyreachtheiradoptivefamilies,buttheearlyimpactontheirbrains'developmentisdifficulttochangecompletely."Weidentifiedbasiclearningprocessesthatareaffectedbyearlyinstitutionalization,"notesSethPollak,professorofpsychologyandpediatricsattheUniversityofWisconsin,whowasthestudy'sleadauthor."Policiesthatspeedthetimeinwhichchildrencanberemovedfrominstitutionalizedcaresotheycandevelopwithinfamilycontextsshouldbeimplementedtodecreasethelikelihoodoflearningproblemslaterinchildren'slives."1.Thepassageismainlywrittento. A.comparetwochildcaresystems B.criticizetheinstitutionalchildcare C.presentanewresearchfinding D.introducethebasiclearningprocess答案解析：答案为C。本题为主旨大意题。本文运用了总----分----总的写作风格。留意文章第一段“Theamountoftimechildrenspendininstitutionalcaremayaffecthowtheirbrainsdevelop.”意为“儿童受到机构式照看的时间长短或许会影响大脑发育”，和最终一段"Policiesthatspeedthetimeinwhichchildrencanberemovedfrominstitutionalizedcaresotheycandevelopwithinfamilycontextsshouldbeimplementedtodecreasethelikelihoodoflearningproblemslaterinchildren'slives."可知，儿童应摆脱机构式照看，而应在家庭环境下培育，从而降低他们以后有学习障碍的可能性”，因此，文章主旨是在陈述一种新的发觉。A，B，D都不是文章的主旨。2.Childrenhavetheirbraindevelopmentaffectedininstitutionalcarebecause. A.theysufferformpoorlivingconditions B.theyspendtoomuchtimelearning C.theydon’thavefreedomstayingthere D.theyareneitherphysicallynormentallysatisfied答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推断题。从文章其次段首句“Tolearnhowthelackofcareandmaterialneedsthatinstitutionalizedchildrenoftenexperienceaffectbraindevelopment,…”可知，句中“care（照看）”对应D选项的“mentally（精神地）”,“materialneeds（物质需求）”对应D选项的“physically（身体地）”,故答案为D。3．Comparedwithhome-raisedchildren,institutionalizedchildrendidn’tdoaswellintaskslike. A.thinkinginpicturesandself-control B.workinginteamsandself-expression C.puttingthingsinorderandself-defense D.adaptingtotheenvironmentandself-panning.答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。从文章的第三段“Childrenadoptedfrominstitutionalcareperformedworsethanthoseraisedinfamiliesontestsmeasuringvisualmemoryandattention,learningvisualinformation,andimpulsecontrol.”可知，机构式照看下的儿童比家庭环境下培育的儿童在视觉记忆、留意力、视觉信息和冲动把握上表现要差”,故答案A“思考图片和自我把握”意思符合文章的内容。4．Itcanbeconcludedformthepassagethat. A.theUnitedStatesisagoodplaceforchildren’sall-rounddevelopment B.aperfectfamilyisbeneficialtochildren’sall-rounddevelopment C.childrenininstitutionalcarecanhardlyachieveanythinggreat D.nothinghasbeendonetohelpchildrenininstitutionalcare答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨推断题。结合第一题，本文是在陈述一种观点，即：受到机构式照看的儿童大脑发育会受到影响，他们应在家庭环境下培育。A选项未提及；C、D选项太确定。故答案为B。短文改错。Alittlewaveisjumpingalongintheocean，havinggreattime.Heisenjoyingthewindbutthefreshairuntilhenoticestheotherwavesinfrontofhim，crashingagainstontheshore.“MyGod，thisisterribly，”thewavesays.“Lookhowisgoingtohappentome！”Thenalongcameanotherwave.Itseesthefirstwavelookeddepressed，anditaskshim，“Whydoyoulooksosad？”Thefirstwavesays，“Youdon’tunderstand！Theyareallgoingtocrash！Allofuswavesaregoingtobeeverything！Isn’tthiste