【名师课堂】2021高考人教版英语一轮课堂演练：必修5-Unit-4-Making-the-news

[课堂演练]Ⅰ.单词拼写依据汉语注释及首字母提示写出下列单词的正确形式。1.WhilevisitingBeijing,hep______manyancientbuildings.2.Arepresentativeofthecompanywillcallonyoutoa______thedamage.3.Eventhoughherparentsdon't________(同意)ofhermarryingthatyoungman,sheisstilltryingherbesttopersuadethem.4.Pleasekeepmefully________(告知)ofanydevelopment.5.Iwillhavean________(约会)withthemintheevening.答案：1.photographed2.assess3.approve4.informed5.appointmentⅡ.选词填空concentrateon;accuse...of;aheadof;keepinmind;lookforwardto1.Ifyoudon't________________yourwork,you'lllosethejobsoonerorlater.2.Myteacherisalways______me______carelessness.3.Wefinishedtheworkseveraldays________________thedeadline.4.I'll________thatitwasyouthathelpedmeout.5.Weareall________seeingthefamouswriter.答案：1.concentrateon2.accusing;of3.aheadof4.keepinmind5.lookingforwardtoⅢ.单句语法填空1．—CanIhaveadayofftomorrow,Mr.Johnson?—____________(当然可以)．Icanmanagewithoutyou.答案：Ofcourse解析：考查交际用语。句意：“约翰逊先生，明天我能请一天假吗？”“当然(可以)。没有你我自己也能应付。”。2．Youmay____________(信任)itthathewillturnupandofferhelpintime.答案：dependon解析：考查动词短语。句意：你可以信任，他会准时赶来帮忙的。dependonitthat...“对……深信不疑”，与句意相符。3．Themanagerdemandedthatthework____________(finish)withinthreedays.答案：befinished解析：句意：经理要求这项工作应在三天内完成。demand后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可以省略，且“工作”和“完成”为被动关系，故应用befinished。4．Althoughhehasbeenstudyingabroad,hisparentstrytokeephim______(inform)ofwhathashappenedathome.答案：informed解析：句意：虽然他始终在国外读书，但是他的父母尽可能使他了解国内发生的事。过去分词informed作宾语补足语，keepsb.informedof意思是“使某人了解……”。5．Hehadhiscameraready____________(case)hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.答案：incase解析：句意：他预备好了相机，以防看到他能够拍下来的好画面。incase“以防万一”。6．Asurveydonerecentlyshowsthatnotallparents______________(赞成)theirchildrentakingpartintheweekendclasses.答案：approveof解析：句意：最近的一项调查表明并非全部的父母都赞成孩子参与周末补习班。approveof“支持；赞同”，与句意相符。7.Hewasdrivinghomeonthehighwaylastnightwhenhewasstoppedbyapoliceman,who________him________speeding.(accuse)答案：accused;of解析：依据句意：警察指控他超速。应用accusesb.ofsth.。8．Withhisattention______(cocentrate)onhisbook，hedidn'tnoticesomeoneenteringhisroom.答案：concentrated解析：考查with复合结构。concentrate...on...“将……集中于……”即concentrate与attention构成规律上的动宾关系，故用concentrate的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。9．Greatereffortstoincreaseagriculturalproductionmustbemadeiffoodshortage__________________avoided.答案：istobe解析：句意：假如要避开食品短缺，就必需作出更大的努力来增加农业产量。条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来，“be＋不定式”可用于条件状语从句中，表达将来时，表示“假如想……”，而此处foodshortage与avoid应为被动关系，故应用istobe。10．—Isthatphoneforpersonaluse?—No.Innocase__________________(任何人不被允许)touseitintheofficeforpersonalaffairs.答案：isanyoneallowed解析：考查倒装句。innocase等表示否定意义的短语放于句首时，句子应当使用部分倒装，即把助动词提前。此处为被动，故应提前为isanyoneallowed。[实战力量·提升]Ⅳ.阅读理解A[2021·江西高考]Wheninternationalaidisgiven,stepsmustbetakentoensure(确保)thattheaidreachesthepeopleforwhomitisintended.Thewaytoachievethismaynotbesimple.Itisverydifficultforanationtogivehelpdirectlytopeopleinanothernation.TheUnitedNationsOrganization(UNO)couldundertaketodirectthedistributionofaid.Herehoweverrisestheproblemofcosts.Alsotiedwiththisistime.PerhapstheUNOcouldsetupabodyofdevotedmenandwomeninverycountrywhocanspeedilydistributeaidtovictimsoffloodsandearthquakes.Morethanthehelpthatonenationcangivetoanotherduringadisaster,itwouldbemoreeffectivetogiveotherformsofhelpduringnormaltimes.Acommonproverbsays,“Give_me_a_fish_and_I_eat_for_a_day,_teach_me_to_fish_and_I_eat_for_a_lifetime.”Ifwefollowthiswisesaying,itwouldberighttoteachpeoplefromlessdevelopednationstotakecareofthemselves.Forexample,acountrycouldshareitstechnologywithanother.Thiscouldbeinsimpleareaslikeagricultureorinmorecomplexareaslikemedicalandhealthcareoreveninbuildingsatellites.Evenasmallcountryisabletohelplessdevelopednations.Sometimewhatistakenforgranted,likethesettingupofawaterpurificationplantortheadministrationofaschool,couldbeusefulforcountrieswhicharelookingabouttoslovecommonproblems.Itdoesnotcostmuchtosharesuchsimplethings.Exchangestudentscouldbeattachedforanumberofmonthsoryearsandlearntherequiredcraftwhileonthesite.Theycanthentaketheirknowledgebacktotheirhomelandsandifnecessarycomebackfromtimetotimetocleardoubtsortoupdatethemselves.Suchaidwillbetrulyhelpfulandthereisnochanceofitbeingtemporaryorofitfallingintothewronghands.Manycountriesrunextensivecoursesinallsortsofskills.Itwillnotcostmuchtoincludedeservingforeignersinthesecourses.Besidesgivingeffectivehelptothecountriesconcerned,thereisalsothebuild­upoffriendshipstoconsider.Givingdirecthelpbygivingmaterialsmaybeeffectiveintheshortrunandmustcontinuetobegivenintheeventofemergencies.However,inthelongrunwhatisreallyeffectivewouldbethesharingofknowledge.1.Accordingtotheauthor,howcouldinternationalaidreachthevictimsintime?A.Bysolvingthecostproblems.B.Bysolvingthetransportationproblems.C.Bysettingupabodyofdevotedpeopleineverycountry.D.ByrelyingonthedirectdistributionoftheUNO.2.Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressintheunderlinedsentence?A.Providingfoodisvital.B.Learningtofishishelpful.C.Teachingskillsisessential.D.Lookingafterotherisimportant.3.Thesecondparagraphisdevelopedmainly________.A.byexample B.byprocessC.bycomparison D.bycontrast4.Whichaidislikelytofallintothewronghands?A.Amedicalteam. B.Anexchangeprogram.C.Awaterplant. D.Financialsupport.5.Whatcanweinferaboutinternationalaidfromthepassage?A.Itisfacingdifficulties.B.Itisunnecessaryduringnormaltimes.C.Itshouldbegivenintheformofmaterials.D.Ithasgainedsupportfromdevelopedcountries.[文章大意]本文是一篇谈论文。作者在文章中阐述了自己对国际救济的看法：授人以鱼，不如授人以渔。1．C。考查细节理解。从第一段的最终一句可知，联合国组织可以建立乐于奉献的团体，然后通过他们准时把救助品分发给那些受灾的人。所以选C项。2．C。考查推理推断。画线句子的意思是”授人以鱼，不如授人以渔”，这句话告知我们：教会别人技能格外重要。所以选C项。3．A。考查写作手法。作者在其次段先引用一句谚语，然后通过例子来阐述。由此可以推断其次段是通过举例子开展的。所以选A项。4．D。考查推理推断。其次段提到了多种救济的形式，如：共享在农业、医学和卫星等方面的技术；建设纯洁水厂；建学校；沟通同学。由其次段最终一句可知，以上的救济形式能够发挥真正的作用，故选D。5．A。考查推理推断。从文章最终一段最终一句可知，从长远看，真正有效的国际救济形式是共享学问。其他形式的救济只能解一时的困难。所以选A项。B[2021·北京高考]EPPortableHeaterWeallknowthatthecostofheatingourhomeswillcontinuetobeasignificantburdenonthefamilybudget.NowmillionsofpeoplearesavingontheirheatingbillswiththeEPportableheater.Withoveronemillionsatisfiedcustomersaroundtheworld,thenewEPheatsbetterandfaster，savesmoreonheatingbills,andrunsalmostsilent.TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafire.TheoutsideoftheEPonlygetswarmtothetouchsothatitwillnotburnchildrenorpets.TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withotherheaters,you'llnoticethatyougetsleepywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.TheadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly,_walltowallandfloortoceiling.Itcomfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEP,thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.TheEPcomeswitha3­yearwarranty(保修)anda60­day,noquestionsasked,satisfactionguarantee.Ifyouarenottotallysatisfied,returnitatourexpenseandyourmoneywillbegivenbacktoyou.Nowwehaveaspecialofferfor10days,duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfpricediscountandafreedelivery.Ifyouorderafterthat,wereservetherighttoeitheracceptorrejectorderrequestsatthediscountedprice.Takeactionrightnow!6.WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph2?A.TheheatoftheEP. B.ThesafetyoftheEP.C.TheappearanceoftheEP. D.ThematerialoftheEP.7.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheEP________.A.doesn'tburnupoxygenB.runswithoutanynoiseC.makespeoplegetsleepyD.isunsuitableforchildrenandpets8.Theunderlinedword“evenly”inParagraph4probablymeans________.A.continuously B.separatelyC.quickly D.equally9.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A.persuadepeopletobuytheproductB.advisepeopletosaveonheatingbillsC.reportthenewdevelopmentofportableheatersD.comparethefunctionsofdifferentheaterbrands[文章大意]无可比拟的高强性能，无与伦比的优质服务，无法想象的价格优待，一款新型便携式加热器惊艳亮相！机不行失，失不再来，心动不如行动，此时不买，更待何时？6．B。主旨大意题。这段主要介绍了此款加热器不会引起火灾、烧伤孩子或宠物，由此可知本段主要在讲加热器的平安性，故此题选择B项。7．A。细节理解题。依据第三段的第一句话“TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.”可知此题选择A项。8．D。词义猜想题。依据本段内容可知，此款加热器可以很均匀地加热屋子而不像其他加热器那样只加热屋子中心部分，故此题选择D项equally公平地、均匀地。9．A。推理推断题。全文始终在介绍加热器的优点，倒数其次段提到了打折，最终一段号召大家赶快行动，从这些方面都可以看出这篇文章的主要目的是鼓舞人们买此产品，故选择A项。Ⅴ.短文改错DearMr.Brown，I'dliketointroducemyselftoyou.Iwantapplyforapositioninyourfirm.IgraduatefromcollegethreeyearsagoandsincethenIhaveworkedasaengineer.IamgoodatEnglishandknowsomeJapaneseandGermany.IamhardworkingandcarefulinsomethingIdo.Iamhonest,kindandeasilytogetonwith.Bornin