2022高考英语一轮讲练及答案(江苏牛津必修2-语法)VIP

2022高考英语一轮讲练及答案（江苏牛津必修2—语法）模块二语法专练：动词时态和语态【考点透视】动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，而且测试的难度也在逐年加大。在单项填空题中，每年考查动词时态的题不少于两道，动词的语态常和时态放在一起考查。高考命题者常从三个角度进行命题：一是直接给定时间状语。考生能直接依据所给时间状语作出选择；二是给定时间状语，但所给时间状语有着较强的干扰性和迷惑性，考生不能直接依据时间状语作出选择；三是题干中不供应任何时间状语，而给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为简洁的句子，考生必需认真分析语境，才能作出正确推断。一动词的时态在主动语态中，高中英语中常见的有12种时态。各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式见下表：一般进行完成完成进行现在do/doesam/is/aredoinghave/hasdonehave/hasbeendoing过去didwas/weredoinghaddonehadbeendoing将来shall/willdoshall/willbedoingshall/willhavedone/要点点拨：（一）现在进行时用法1．状态性动词不用进行时态：（1）be和have或者含有be和have意义的动词。（2）feel,sound,smell,taste等连系动词。（3）hear,see,find等表示结果的动词。（4）表示心理或情感状态的动词。2．进行时态和副词always,forever等连用时，往往带有确定的感情颜色。（二）一般过去时与过去进行时的区分：1．过去进行时表示动作的未完成性、持续性，着眼于动作的过程；一般过去时表示动作的完成，即动作发生过，且已结束，着眼于结果。如：ShewaswritingareportlastnightandIdon’tknowifshehasfinishedit.(表示昨晚始终在写)Shewroteareportlastnight.（表示昨晚写了，并且写好了）2．过去进行时与always,forever等词连用表示确定的感情颜色。Hewasalwaysthrowingthingsabout.(表示不满或厌烦)（三）将来时的几种表达：ABCDbegoingto表示“方案、打算、支配将要做的事”时，主语只能是人说话人说话之前已考虑过的主语是物时，表示说话人依据某种迹象主观推想可能发生的事不能用于含有条件句的主句中will表示将要发生某事或主语的“意愿”说话人说话时刻才考虑到的表示客观规律必定发生的可用于含有条件句的主句或从句中表示“意愿”beto表示支配、方案要做的事与其次人称连用，表示转述第三者的话表示命令，相当于should/must表示“能”、“该”、“想要”、“注定、不行避开”beaboutto表示动作马上发生；句中不能再加atonce,immediately和表示具体时间的词语；常有“beaboutto…..when”结构；还可用一般现在时、现在进行时表示将来发生的动作。（四）将来进行时与将来完成时：将来进行时表示将来某一时刻发生的动作，结构为：will/shallbe+doing将来完成时表示到将来某时刻某动作已发生，其结构为：will/shallhavedone，时间状语是by+表将来时间的词。例如： I’llbeclimbingthemountainthistimethedayaftertomorrow.Bythetimehegraduatesfromthecollege,hewillhavelearnedthreeforeignlanguages.（五）现在完成时及过去完成时的用法留意点：1．瞬间性动词与连续性动词的正确使用：与howlong,for,since等表示一段时间的状语连用时须用连续性动词，如：buy→have,keep→borrow,die→bedead,marry→bemarried,begin→beon,begintoknow→know，leave→beaway，catchacold→haveacold等。2．留意have/hadbeento与have/hadgoneto的区分。3．现在完成时用在时间、条件等状语从句中，表示从句中的动作在主句动作前完成，例如：Ifithasstoppedsnowinginthemorning,we’llgotothepark.4．by+过去时间状语用过去完成时。5．有些动词的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或期望，这类动词为：think,plan,mean,intend,hope,expect,suppose等。例如：Ihadintendedtovisityouyesterday,buttherainpreventedme.（六）现在/过去完成进行时的用法：强调动作连续到说话时且还在进行，其结构：have(has)/hadbeendoing比较：Theyhaverepairedtheroad.(表示路已修好)Theyhavebeenrepairingtheroad.（表示路还在修）有时两者可替换：Shehastaughtinthismiddleschoolfortenyears.Shehasbeenteachinginthisschoolfortenyears.留意：完成进行时不行与瞬间性动词连用，如：finish,go,marry等；（七）某些固定句型中时态是固定的：This/That/Itisthefirsttime+从句（用现在完成时）It’s/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句（用过去时）Hardly/Nosoonerhadsb.donewhen/than+从句（用过去时）Itwillbe+一段时间+before从句（用一般现在时）/Itwas+一段时间+before从句（用过去时）It’stime+从句（用过去时或shoulddo）wouldrather+从句（用一般过去时/过去完成时）二动词的语态在被动语态中，各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式见下表：一般进行完成现在am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendone过去was/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendone将来shall/willbedone/shall/willhavebeendone留意：带有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词+be+过去分词应留意的若干状况：1．动词sell,write,read,open,lock,shut,wear,wash,keep,cook,cut,burn,run等与well,smoothly,easily等连用时，说明主语内在的“性能”“特点”，用主动代替被动。2．smell,taste,feel,sound,look,prove等表示状态特征的连系动词，用主动语态表示被动意义。3．不及物动词及一些固定短语不能用被动语态：comeup,runout（用完）,giveout（耗尽）,goout（熄灭）,comeout（出版）,cometolight,belongto,breakout,loseheart,dieout,own,have,possess,happen,occur等。4．当want,require,need作“需要”解，后接doing/tobedone作宾语，此时动词do与主语为动宾关系。5．beworth后接doing作宾语，用主动形式表示被动意义。6．不定式tolet（出租）,toblame（该受责怪）表示被动意义。7．在“主语+be+形容词（forsb.）+todo”结构中，todo用主动形式。【题例精析】【例1】Itseemswater______fromthistapforsometime.We’llhavetotakeitaparttoputitright.（2007南京模拟卷）A.hadleaked B.isleakingC.leaked D.hasbeenleaking【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要精确把握句中的时间状语forsometime所强调的时间段以及所使用的动词时态。【要点精析】依据句中时间状语forsometime以及后一分句的动词时态可知，选项动词动作强调到现在为止并仍在连续，故应排解选项A、C。由于选项B现在进行时不行与一段时间状语连用，所以排解选项B，选D现在完成进行时。【答案】D【例2】—Don’tyoufeelsurprisedtoseeBruceatthemeeting?—Yes.Ireallydidn’tthinkshe________here.（2006四川卷）A.hasbeen B.hadbeenC.wouldbe D.wouldhavebeen【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是依据上下文语境精确理解选项动作所表达的时间发生点。【要点精析】依据上下文语境可知，选项动作已在过去发生或完成。但依据Ireallydidn’tthink可以推断出从句中的动作是从过去某时间看将来要发生的事，故应选过去将来时。【答案】C【专项检测】1.―IsPaulplayingbothsoccerandtennisfortheschool?―He_______.Butnowhehasgivenupplayingtennis.A.is B.hasC.was D.had2.―Look!Itlooksasifit_______goingtorain.Wemusthurry.―OK.A.was B.is C.were D.willbe3.―Isn’tithardtodrivedowntowntowork?—Yes,that’swhyI________toworkbytrain. A.havebeengoing B.havegoneC.wasgoing D.willhavegone4.—Look!Someonehasspiltcoffeeonthecarpet.—Well,it________me. A.isn’t B.wasn’t C.hasn’tbeen D.hadn’tbeen5.—I’veboughtaboxofchocolatesforourdaughter.—Oh,howgoodadad!Butshedoesn’tlikesweetthings.________that? A.Don’tyouknow B.Haven’tyouknownC.Didn’tyouknow D.Hadn’tyouknown6.—Hello,Jim.I________toseeyoutoday.Soniasaidyou________ill.—Oh,I’mOK. A.don’texpect;were B.haven’texpected;are C.amnotexpecting;are D.didn’texpect;were7.—Look!Howlong________likethis?—Threeweeks!It’susualherethatrain_______withoutstoppingthesedaysoftheyear. A.hasitrained;pours B.hasitbeenraining;pours C.isitraining;ispouring D.doesitrain;pours8.Ourteamwasaheadduringthefirsthalf,butwe________inthelasttenminutes. A.hadlost B.wouldloseC.werelosing D.lost9.Youneedn’thurryher;she_______itbythetimeyouareready. A.willhavefinished B.willfinishC.willbefinishing D.hasfinished10.—Whoistheoldmantalkingwithyourteacher?—Idon’tknow.I_________himbefore. A.wasneverseeing B.hadneverseenC.neversaw D.wouldn’tsee11.—Tomcamebackhomethedaybeforeyesterday.—Really?Where__________atall? A.hadhebeen B.hashebeenC.hadhegone D.hashegone12.—CanIhelpyou,Madam?—No,thanks.I_______. A.havejustlookedaround B.justlookaround C.justlookedaround D.amjustlookingaround13.—Ihaven’tseenyouforages.Wherehaveyoubeen?—I_______onleaveinEurope. A.havebeen B.amC.was D.hadbeen14.—HaveyouheardfromJanetrecently?—No,butI______heroverChristmas. A.saw B.willbeseeingC.haveseen D.havebeenseeing15.—Whatwereyouuptowhenshedroppedin?—I_________forawhileand__________somereading.A.wasplaying;wasgoingtodo B.played;did C.hadplayed;wasgoingtodo D.hadplayed;did16.Hewashopingtogoabroad;buthisparents__________thattheywon’tsupporthimunlesshecanborrowmoneyfromthebank. A.weredeciding B.havedecidedC.decided D.willdecide17.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_______eachyear. A.iswashingaway B.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingaway D.arebeingwashedaway18.Mymindwasn’tonwhathewassayingsoI’mafraidI__________halfofit. A.wasmissing B.hadmissed C.willmiss D.missed19.Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.I______forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown. A.hadknown B.knewC.haveknown D.know20.Oneofthemtoldme,“ThisisthefirsttimeI________tothecapitaltoattendtheflag-raisingceremony.” A.came B.comeC.havecome D.hadcome21.―Doyouhaveanythingtodothisafternoon? ―What’sup?―Let’sgoshopping.It’ssaidthatJinyingShop_____,andallthesweatersaresoldathalfprice. ―Whynot? A.hascloseddown B.wasclosingdownC.closesdown D.isclosingdown22.―Whatabout10o’clocktomorrowmorning?―I’mafraidIcan’tmakeit.I_________then. A.amgoingtotakeanexam B.amtakinganexam C.willbetakinganexam D.antotakeanexam23.―What’sthematter?Youlookworriedandrestless.―Oh,nothingreallyserious.Asamatteroffact,I______ofmygraduationthesis.Ihavetohanditinsoon. A.amjustthinking B.justthoughtC.havejustthought D.wasjustthinking24.―Twentydollars,please!―Howterrible!―I________tobringmywalletwithme. A.wasforgetting B.forgot C.hadforgotten D.amforgetting25.Mymoney_____,ImustgotothebanktodrawsomeofthesavingsoutbeforeIhavenoneinhand. A.hasrunout B.hasbeenrunout C.isrunningout D.isbeingrunout26.―WhatwereyoudoingwhenIcalledyouyesterdayafternoon?―I________myhomeworkandIwasstartingtotakeabath. A.hadjustfinished B.wasfinishedC.havealreadyfinished D.wasgoingtofinish27.―________forBeijing? ―Yes.AndI’llcomebackinthreemonths. A.Haveyouleft B.AreyouleavingC.Doyouleave D.Didyouleave28.―Why?Whereisthekeytothesoundlab?―Dearme!You_______itinthetaxi！ A.haveneverleft B.neverleftC.haven’tleft D.didn’tleave29.―Wasthedoctortherewhenyouarrived? ―Yes,buthe______outamomentlater. A.hadgone B.hasgoneC.went D.isgoing30.Inwarmweatherfruitandmeat________long.A.don’tkeep B.can’tbekeptC.arenotkept D.aren’tkeeping31.―Thetelephoneisringing.―I_________answerit. A.will B.amgoingtoC.amto D.amaboutto32.―Whatdoyouthinkofmycomposition?―It_______well_____afewspellingmistakes.A.reads;exceptfor B.read;besidesC.isread;exceptfor D.isread;besides33.In1960,thiswasthelongestbridgethat__________.A.waseverbuilt B.hadeverbuiltC.haseverbeenbuilt D.hadeverbeenbuilt34.Justafterputtingthebabyontobed,Mrs.Whitesuddenlycaughtsightofthepetcatanddidn’tknowhowlongit________onthetableforthefamilydinner. A.hadbeenlaying;lying B.hadbeenlying;laid C.hadbeenlaid;laid D.hadlain;laying35.―Howarethingsgoing?―Thedisabled_______norelativesinGuangzhou_______bythevolunteers,whowillgraduatefromZhongshanUniversitynextyear. A.with;aretakingcareof B.have;willbetakencareofC.with;arebeingtakencareof D.have;arebeingtakencareof36.Ashorttimebeforeshe______,theoldlady_______awill,leavingallhermoneytoherbrother. A.died;haswritten B.hasdied;wroteC.haddied;wrote D.died;hadwritten37.―Katedoesn’tlookverywell.What’swrongwithher?―Shehasaheadachebecauseshe________toolong;Sheoughttostopwork. A.hasbeenreading B.hadreadC.isreading D.wasreading38.Itwassaidthatotherpossibilities________atthemeetingthedaybeforeyesterday. A.wereneverpaidattention B.wereneverpayingattentionto C.neverpaidattentionto D.wereneverpaidattentionto39.Thetwosides_______tomakepeace,butsomethingunusual_________. A.hadintended;happened B.intended;happened C.intended;hadhappened D.wouldintend;happened40.Shewouldlovetohavegonetotheparty,butshe_______extrahourstoprepareforameeting. A.hadtowork B.hadworkedC.couldwork D.wouldhaveworked41.―AreyoustillabletospeakFrenchandRussian?―I_________.ButIcanonlyrememberfewFrenchwords.NoRussianwordsatallnow. A.am B.wasC.have D.had42.Thewomen’sclub_________Lin,aforeigncompanyemployeewhousedtopaylittleattentiontoherappearance,toimproveherdressstyleandbecomemoreconfidentandopen-minded. A.enabled B.hadenabled C.hasenabled D.enables43.Alargecrowd_______wildlyasthepilot_________herplanesafelyinCalifornia. A.hadcheered;waslanding B.hadcheered;landed C.wascheering;hadlanded D.wascheering;landed44.CaunenFerreira______uphopeoffindingherpetparrot,Raquel,who______fromthebackgardenofherhousetwoyearsago. A.hasgiven;wasdisappeared B.hasgiven;haddisappeared C.hadgiven;wasdisappeared D.hasgiven;disappeared45.―Hello!MayIspeaktoJack,please?―Yes,speaking.―Oh,I_________yourvoiceatfirst. A.don’trecognize B.didn’t C.hadn’trecognized D.haven’trecognized46.―IguessyoumighthavegotlosttherelastSunday.―Well,I_______. A.mostlydid B.nearlyhad C.almosthad D.almostdid47.WeplantoreachtheNorthPoleinmid-July,andbythenwe_______forsixweeks. A.arewalking B.havebeenwalking C.willbewalking D.willhavebeenwalking48.―Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewhair-style,Molly.Doyoulikeit?―I’msorryI______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’spretty. A.wasn’tsaying B.don’tsayC.won’tsay D.didn’tsay49.You_______thingsabout.Look,whatamessinyourroom.A.alwaysthrow B.havealwaysthrown C.arealwaysthrowing D.havealwaysbeenthrowing50.Hetraveledtomanymountainvillagesandsawmanypoorchildrenoutofschool.Thisexperience_______hislife. A.wouldchange B.hadchangedC.wastochange D.waschanging51.―Haveyoufinishedyourcompositionalready?―Yes.I_________itintwentyminutes.A.havefinished B.finishedC.willfinish D.hadfinished52.―DidyoumeetProfessorJohnson?―Yes,butwhenIarrived,he________,soweonlyhadtimeforafewwords.A.hadjustleft B.hasjustleft C.wasjustleaving D.justleft53.―________you_________thechiefeditorattheairport?―No.He_______awaybeforemyarrival. A.Have;met;hasdriven B.Had;met;wasdriven C.Did;meet;hadbeendriven D.Have;met;wasdriven54.You________toleaveuntilyou_______yourwork. A.won’tbeallowed;havefinished B.won’tallow;finish C.won’tbeallowed;willfinish D.won’tallow;willfinish55.―Areyoustillbusy?―Yes,I________mywork,anditwon’ttakelong. A.justfinish B.amjustfinishingC.havejustfinished D.amjustgoingtofinish56.―What’swrongwithyourcoat?―JustnowwhenIwantedtogetoffthebus,themannexttome________onit. A.sat B.hadsat C.hadbeensitting D.wassitting57.―Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?―Iamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilm________quiteearly,sowe_____tothebookstoreafterthat. A.finished;aregoing B.finished;goC.finishes;aregoing D.finishes;go58.―Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.―Oh!Ithoughtthey________withoutme. A.went B.aregoingC.havegone D.hadgone59.Whentheoldman_______towalkbacktohishouse,thesun________itselfbehindthemountain. A.started;hadalreadyhidden B.hadstarted;hadalreadyhidden C.hadstarted;washiding D.wasstarting;hid60.―Ifthetraffichadn’tbeensoheavy,Icouldhavebeenbackby6o’clock.―Whatapity!Tina_______heretoseeyou. A.is B.wasC.wouldbe D.hasbeen【答案解析】1．C。was表示“他过去始终是这样”，但现在不是了。2．B。表示一个推想。排解A、C，由于A、C用的是过去时，而D项willbe和后面的goingto重复，所以选B。3．A。前者问：“开车去市区很难吗?”后者说：“是的，那就是我坐火车去上班的理由。”明显坐火车去上班的动作发生在过去持续到现在并将持续下去，应用现在完成进行时。4．B。前句是现在完成时，表示已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响，故后句回答用过去时。5．C。译为：――我为我们的女儿买了一盒巧克力。――多么好的爸爸呀!但是她不宠爱甜味食品，莫非你不知道吗?”答语含有猛烈的讽刺意味，反问语为：在我说之前你不知道吗?所以用过去时。6．D见到Jim后expect成了过去，而其次句主句为过去时，故用were。7．B。问某种状态持续多长时间，应用现在完成进行时，而其次个空是指一般状态，故用一般现在时，选B。8．D。but前后两个半句应用相同时态，后半句是在说竞赛结果，应用一般过去时lost。9．A。将来完成时，将来某时刻之前完成的动作。10．C。before表示要用过去时，意为“我以前从未见过他”可排解B、A，并依据上下文语境，排解D。11．A。comeback是过去，而问句中的动作发生在cameback之前，是过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时，而且Tom已经回来，所以要用been，而gone是去了还未回来。12．D。此处用Iamjustlookingaround表示我只是正在任凭看看，just可以和现在进行时连用，表示只是怎么怎么样。13．C。此题可能会误选A，前者说“我好几年未见你，去哪儿了？”可见他已经回来，因此他去欧洲的动作已发生过了，应用过去时来回答wherehaveyoubeen?A则是说我有去过欧洲的事实。14．B。第一句中用了have，而其次句回答No，所以说话人近来都没有Janet的消息，而A、C、D都表示有她的消息，所以只能选B，表示将来进行时。15．C。由第一句可推断出其次句描述的事情发生在过去，forawhile是相对于whenshedroppedin来说的whenshedroppedin，“我已经玩一会儿了”，因此该用过去完成时态．再看后一个动作，承接前面forawhile，照旧在过去，hadplayedforawhile之后，因此应用过去将来时，表示过去那个时间将要发生的动作，故选C。16．B。他父母打算发生在过去，并对现在造成影响，故用现在完成时。17．D。本题考查主谓全都与语态。quantitiesof作主语时谓语动词用复数，而“alargequantityof+不行数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数，因此答案在C、D之间选。each与washaway之间为被动关系，因此D为正确答案。18．D。此题考查的是动词的时态。句意：（那时）我的留意力没有集中在他所说的内容，因此，生怕有一半没听到。missed表示“（那时）没听到”。所以要用过去时态。19．A。从forsometime可知，用完成时态。从第一句“我对这消息根本不惊异”可知，我在此之前早就知道了。动作know发生在come之前，故用过去完成时。20．C。考查“It/Thisisthefirsttime+从句(用现在完成时态)”句型。21．D。从后半句“全部毛衣半价出售”可知，金鹰商店快要关闭了。用表示现阶段的状态。22．C。依据题干中的时间状语10o’clocktomorrowmorning可知，选项动作是在将来某个时刻正在进行的，故应选用将来进行时，口语中常用这种时态表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作或发生的事。23．D。考查动词的时态与语态。从会话可知，答话人是在解释他lookworriedandrestless的缘由，由于他（刚才）是在思考毕业论文的事，这是说话前的那个时刻正在发生的事情。故应用过去进行时描写正在进行的动作。24．B。用过去时态表示动作forget发生在过去。25．C。从后半句“在我手头的钱还没用完之前，我得先去银行取些出来”可知，前半句应是：我的钱快用完了。故用进行时态表示现阶段的状态。26．A。依据题意：功课在你打电话之前就完成了。所以在你打电话时，我刚要预备洗澡呢。27．B。用进行时态表示将来。28．B。考查语境。答语“你千万别把它忘在出租车里！”表示吃惊。而“忘”这一动作应用一般过去时，但否定口气应用never。由于句子用的是感叹号，不应用D项。又如：Youneverleftthekeyinthelock!（你总不会把钥匙留在锁孔里吧！）29．C。从Yes可知，你到达时他在那里。又从but可知，他一会儿之后就出去了。故用过去式。30．A。动词主动语态表被动含义。句中的keep是不及物动词，无须用被动结构，故B、C项都不正确。也不用进行时，通常用一般现在时或将来时。31．A。begoingtodo表示“已方案好要做某事”，betodo与beaboutto