山东省青岛市即墨区2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中教学质量检测英语试卷含答案

2024—2025学年度第一学期教学质量检测高三英语试题2024.11本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案前，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。所有试题的答案，写在答题卡上，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第Ⅰ卷(共95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whencanthemangethisclothes?A.OnMay11th. B.OnMay13th. C.OnMay14th.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Yourclotheswillbereadyforcollectionon…Letmesee.It’seleventhMaytoday.Soyes,onfourteenthMay.M:Thefourteenth?Sothat’snextTuesday?W:Yes,we’llgiveyouacallonMondaytoremindyou.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Washhishair. B.Putonahat. C.Cuthishairshort.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youwanttogetyourhaircut.Ithoughtyouweregoingtohavelonghair.M:Well,it’sneitherlongnorshort.Idon’tknowwhattodowithitnow.W:Well,howaboutwearingahat?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydoesPetermakeacalltoLucy?A.ToinviteLucytogoshopping.B.Tocanceltheplannedsend-off.C.Tocomplainabouthisjob.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Lucy,it’sme,mybossjustsaidwehavetofinishtheblueprintforthenewshoppingmalltoday.I’msorryIcan’tdriveyoutotheairport.W:That’sokay,Peter.I’llcallataxi.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdidthemangettohisdestinationthistime?A.Bybus. B.Bytaxi. C.Bysubway.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Thebuswasslow.I’lljusttotakeataxinexttime.W:Takingataxicanbereallyexpensiveinthiscity.Whynotbuyasubwayticketandtravelaround?Thesubwaysystemhereisprettygood.M:Goodidea.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buyingingredients.B.Havingdinnertogether.C.Participatinginacompetition.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:No,no,it’stenthirtynow.Idon’tthinkwe’llfinishthisdish.M:Calmdown,honey,we’vebeenpracticingthisdishforalongtime.Westillhavehalfanhourtogobeforethecontestends.Nowpassmethechoppedtomatoesplease.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdayisittoday?A.Tuesday. B.Wednesday. C.Thursday.7.WhatisSamgoingtodotonight?A.Watchamatch. B.Attendaparty. C.Writehispaper.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Sam,wouldyouliketojoinourpartytonight.Itmustbefun.M:I’dloveto,butIhavetoworkonmypaperwhichisduetomorrow.Haveyoufinisheditalready?W:Yeah,butit’sdueonThursday.That’sthedayaftertomorrow.M:IthoughttodaywasWednesday.W:Well,inthiscase,youcouldcometotheparty.We’veinvitedprofessorWangtojoinus.Hesaidhewillcomeafterwatchingafootballmatch.M:That’sgreat.Iwon’tmissit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whichpartoftheapartmentdoesthemandislike?A.Thebathroom. B.Thebedroom. C.Thekitchen.9.Whoisthewoman?A.Alandlady. B.Alawyer. C.Acook.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:ATVset,aminibarnearthebed,awell-functioningairconditioningsystem,fromwhatIsee,thisapartmentisfitforabachelorlikeyou.M:Yeah,canIseethebathroom?W:Ofcourse.Hereitevenhasabathtub.M:Well,aboutthisapartment,theonlythingthatbothersmeisthatthekitchenistoosmall.W:Comeon.Peopledon’tbothertocookiftheylivealone.Ibetyoueatoutmostofthetime,don’tyou?M:Well,that’strue.Okay,sotherentiswhatyoutoldmeonthephoneright?W:Ofcourse.M:IwanttomoveinthisSaturday.Ineedtodealwithacasetoday.Canwesignthecontracttomorrow?W:Noproblem.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.AtTom’shome. B.InLisa’sgarden. C.Onafarm.11.WhatdoesTomsayaboutthetomatoes?A.Theyarehealthy. B.Theytastesweet. C.Theyareagoodsize.12.WhatdoesLisathinkisthemostimportanttotomatogrowth?A.Soil. B.Watering. C.Sunlight.13.WhatwillTomprobablydonext?A.Growtomatoes. B.Tidyuphisyard. C.Dosomecooking.【答案】10.A11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,comein,Lisa.Wow,thesetomatoeslookamazing.Aretheyfromyourgarden?W:Yeah,Tom.I’vebroughtyousome.Youcanputsomeinyoursaladtonight.M:Thankyouverymuch.Howcouldtheygetsobiganyway?W:ActuallyIhavealotofgardeningtips.Areyouinterested?M:Sure.W:Well,thefirststepistomakesurethereisplentyofhealthysoil.Alsoyouneedtoplanttheminasunnyarea.M:Thatwouldbeeasyinmyyard.W:Yes,besides,consistentwateringisthemostsignificantthing.Tomatoesneedregularwatering.Butbecarefulnottooverwaterthem.M:Gotit.W:Alsoconsidersupportingthemwithsticksastheygrow.Ithelpsplantstogrowupright.Areyouthinkingofgrowingyourowntomatoes?Icanguideyounow.M:Yeah.ButnowIneedtopreparethedinnerfirst.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Colleagues. C.Husbandandwife.15.HowlongwillLindastayinNewYork?AFivemonths. B.Halfayear. C.Oneyear.16.WhatisLindagoingtodobeforeherdeparture?A.Sellherhouse. B.Getherpassport. C.Meetsomefriends.17.WhywillEmilycometoBeijing?A.Tofinishaproject.B.Tooperateabranchoffice.C.Toreceivefurthereducation.【答案】14.B15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:Linda,I’veheardthattheheadquartershasdecidedtosendyoutoworkinournewbranchofficeinNewYorkforayear.W:Oh,onlysixmonthsactually.M:Isee.WhenareyouleavingBeijinganyway?W:Somedaynextweek.Bonnieishelpingmebooktheticketyouknow.M:Okay.Areyoudonewithallthepreparations?W:Almost.Ipickedupmypassportthismorning.AndIwillvisitsomeofmyfriendsbeforeIleave.M:Whataboutyourapartment?Don’tyouwanttorentitoutwhenyou’reaway?W:Ofcourse.Ijustdon’thaveenoughtimetodoit.M:Well,actuallyIknowapersonEmily.Weusedtostudyatthesamehighschool.HercompanywillsendhertofinishaprojectinBeijing.Sheneedstostayhereforfivemonthsandsheisstilllookingforaplacetolive.W:Great!Tellhertocallmeanytime.M:Sure,oh,doyouhaveaphotosofyourapartmentonyourphone?W:Yeah.I’llsendthemtoyourightaway.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Bookclubmembers. B.Foodlovers. C.Literatureenthusiasts.19.WhatdoweknowaboutNancySilverton?A.Sheisexpertatbaking.B.Shealwaysmeetspickyeaters.C.Sheconnectsflavourswithculture.20.WhichbookiswrittenbyBeeWilson?A.TheSecretofCooking.B.TheGlobalPantryCookbook.C.TheCookieThatChangedMyLife.【答案】18.A19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodeveningdearlisteners.TodaywearedivingintotheworldofcookbookswithNPR’stoppicksfrombookswelove.Firstofall,there’stheglobalpantrycookbookbyScottMalbreandTaylorpitmanifyouenjoycookbookswithstoriesabouthowrecipesreflectlocalcultureandhistory.Thisbookisatreasure.ItfunctionsasacomprehensiveguidetoflavorswithanintroductionthatexplainshowtheywerefirstintroducedtoAmericancooks.Nowlet’stalkaboutTheCookieThatChangedMyLifebyNancySilverton.Nancy,abakingexpert,wasinspiredbyagiantpeanutbuttercookie.Hercookbookhasoveronehundredclassicrecipesthatcanchangeyourbakinggame.Movingon,wehaveTheSecretofCookingbyBeeWilson.Morethanacookbook,it’saguidetohowtomakecookingworkforyouWilsonunderstandsthechallengesofbalancingafullscheduleandpickyeaters.Sheoffersanswersexplainingeverythingfromhowtofigureoutwhatflavorsgotogethertohowtorelaxwheneverythinggoeswrong.Formorecookbooks,headovertoNPR’swebsiteandexplorebookswelove.Happyreadingandhappycookingeveryone.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AUniversityofVictoriaAdmissionNoticeMarch2,2024DearAllen,OnbehalfoftheUniversityofVictoria,Iampleasedtoconfirmthatyouhaveaconditionalofferofaplaceattheuniversity.Thisofferisconditionaluponmeetingalltheconditionsofyouradmission,includingtheminimumstandards(coursesandgrades).ItisyourresponsibilitytoensurethattheconditionshavebeenmetnolaterthanAugust1standsendane-mailwithapictureofyourcertificateanddocumentationtoAdmissionOffice.YoushouldarriveintimeforWelcomeWeek,aweekbeforetheschoolday.TheschooldaybeginsonSeptember20th.However,theuniversitywilladmitstudentsuptotwoweeksafterthisdate.Ifyouwanttoapplyforfinancialaid,contactourFinancialAidOffice.Wewouldliketohelpyouthroughtheprocess.Theuniversity’spolicyofreplacingthestudentloanwithadditionalscholarshipsetsusapartfromotherschoolsandallowsyoutograduatewithoutanyexpecteddebt.PleasereturntheattachedReplySliptousassoonaspossible,indicatingwhetherornotyouwanttorejecttheconditionalplace.Welookforwardtohearingfromyouagainsoon.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsaboutyouroffer,pleasedonothesitatetocontactAdmissionOffice.SincerelyJanetLavinRapelyeDeanofAdmission21.WhatshouldAllendoifhehasmettheconditionssetforhimintime?A.Takeanexamination.B.InformAdmissionOffice.C.Prepareacopyofhiscertificate.D.Submitanapplicationtotheuniversity.22.Whendoestheuniversity’sWelcomeWeekstart?A.OnSeptember6th. B.OnSeptember13th. C.OnSeptember20th. D.OnSeptember27th.23.AllenisaskedtoreturntheReplySliptoshowifhe________.Aacceptstheoffer B.hasreadtheletterC.hassomequestions D.needsfinancialsupport【答案】21.B22.B23.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章是维多利亚大学给Allen颁发的录取通知书。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thisofferisconditionaluponmeetingalltheconditionsofyouradmission,includingtheminimumstandards(coursesandgrades).ItisyourresponsibilitytoensurethattheconditionshavebeenmetnolaterthanAugust1standsendane-mailwithapictureofyourcertificateanddocumentationtoAdmissionOffice.(这个录取是有条件的，你必须满足所有的录取条件，包括最低标准（课程和成绩）。你有责任确保不迟于8月1日满足条件，并将你的证书和文件的图片通过电子邮件发送到招生办公室)”可知，如果艾伦满足设定条件，应通知招生办公室。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“YoushouldarriveintimeforWelcomeWeek,aweekbeforetheschoolday.TheschooldaybeginsonSeptember20th.(你应该在迎新周之前到达，迎新周是在开学前一周。学校开学日期是9月20日)”可知，迎新周在9月20日前一周，即9月13日。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“PleasereturntheattachedReplySliptousassoonaspossible,indicatingwhetherornotyouwanttorejecttheconditionalplace.(请尽快将附件的回条回复给我们，注明是否要拒绝有条件的名额)”可知，艾伦被要求回复回条是为了展示他是否接受这份录取通知。故选A。BTobestung(叮咬)byanantorabeeraisesbeyondthe“Ow!”—immediatequestions.Howcanacreaturesotinycausesuchremarkablepain?JustinSchmidtwonderedtoo,andspenthislifetryingtofindout.Therefore,hewascalled“TheKingofSting”.Tofurtherhumanknowledge,SchmidtputhisbarearmsintobeehivesanddugupbulletantsinBrazil.Over35years,150differentspeciesofinsectsstunghim.Iftheinsectswouldnotgivehimstings,heplacedthemonhisarmandencouragedthem,inthenameofscience.Then,hetookouthisnotebookandwroteitup.Mostfamously,in1983,hecreatedtheSchmidtIndex,rankingthestingsof78insectsfromonetofouraccordingtotheirpain.Thehoneybeewashisanchoringvalue(锚定值),sincemostpeopleknewwhatabeestingfeltlike,andwasratedatwo.Hislistwasatooltoexplorewhycausingpainwasmorenecessaryforsomeinsectsthanothers.Solitary(独居的)insects,hefound,tendedtohaveamuchmilderstingthanthoseorganizedintocomplexgroups.Fromthis,hebelievedthatstingsallowedinsectstogetmorefood,hencebuildsocialstructures,henceneedtodefendthenest,andthewholegroup.Moststingswerehighlyeffective.Predators(捕食者)thousandsoftimeslargerrememberedstingswell,andkepttheirdistance.Onlybearsandafewotherspeciesthoughtthepainworththereward.Schmidthadneverforgottenhisfirstencounterwithabee,whichstunghimontheneckwhenhewasfiveandrunningwildinthewoodsofAppalachianPennsylvania.Thatdidnotputhimoff,though.Insectsenchantedhim.Hefellinariveronce,wetanddirty,tryingtocatchabutterfly.Asateenager,hehadhisownbeehives.Inhisearly20s,hewasontheroadinacarfilledwithtoolstodigupandstudyharvesterantsinGeorgiawhosestingswerecuriouslylasting.Thatcuriosityshapedhislife.24.HowdidJustinSchmidtdohisresearchonthestingsofinsects?A.Byraisinginsectsinthelab. B.Bygettingstingswillingly.C.Bycollectingspeciesofinsects. D.Byobservinginsectsintheirhabitats.25.WhichofthefollowingisoneofJustinSchmidt’sfindings?A.Solitaryinsectsbearnothreat.B.Beesstingthemostamonginsects.C.Therearefourkindsofinsectstings.DSocialinsectsusuallyhavemorepainfulstings.26.Whatdoes“enchanted”underlinedinthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Changed. B.Attracted. C.Astonished. D.Attacked.27.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Schmidt’snaturaltalentforinsectology.B.Schmidt’scareerasaninsectresearcher.C.Schmidt’searlyexperienceswithstings.D.Schmidt’slifelongpassionwithinsects.【答案】24.B25.D26.B27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“刺痛之王”JustinSchmidt通过亲身经历研究昆虫叮咬的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Tofurtherhumanknowledge,SchmidtputhisbarearmsintobeehivesanddugupbulletantsinBrazil.Over35years,150differentspeciesofinsectsstunghim.Iftheinsectswouldnotgivehimstings,heplacedthemonhisarmandencouragedthem,inthenameofscience.(为了进一步了解人类的知识，Schmidt在巴西把他赤裸的手臂伸进蜂箱里，挖出了子弹蚁。在35年的时间里，150种不同的昆虫蜇过他。如果昆虫不蜇他，他就把它们放在胳膊上，以科学的名义鼓励它们)”可知，JustinSchmidt通过主动让自己被昆虫叮咬来进行研究。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Solitary(独居的)insects,hefound,tendedtohaveamuchmilderstingthanthoseorganizedintocomplexgroups.(他发现，独居昆虫的叮咬往往比那些组织成复杂群体的昆虫轻得多)”可知，JustinSchmidt发现群居的昆虫通常会有更疼痛的叮咬。故选D。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Insectsenchantedhim.Hefellinariveronce,wetanddirty,tryingtocatchabutterfly.Asateenager,hehadhisownbeehives.(昆虫enchanted他。有一次，他为了抓一只蝴蝶，掉进了河里，浑身又湿又脏。十几岁的时候，他就有了自己的蜂箱)”可以看出，Schmidt从小就被昆虫深深吸引，即使掉进河里弄湿弄脏也要捉蝴蝶，甚至青少年时期就有了自己的蜂巢。因此，enchanted在这里的意思应该是“吸引”。A.Changed改变；B.Attracted吸引；C.Astonished使震惊；D.Attacked攻击。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Schmidthadneverforgottenhisfirstencounterwithabee,whichstunghimontheneckwhenhewasfiveandrunningwildinthewoodsofAppalachianPennsylvania.Thatdidnotputhimoff,though.Insectsenchantedhim.Hefellinariveronce,wetanddirty,tryingtocatchabutterfly.Asateenager,hehadhisownbeehives.Inhisearly20s,hewasontheroadinacarfilledwithtoolstodigupandstudyharvesterantsinGeorgiawhosestingswerecuriouslylasting.Thatcuriosityshapedhislife.(Schmidt从来没有忘记他第一次遇到蜜蜂的经历，当时他五岁，在宾夕法尼亚州阿巴拉契亚山脉的树林里奔跑，蜜蜂叮了他的脖子。不过，这并没有阻止他。昆虫使他着迷。有一次，他为了抓一只蝴蝶，掉进了河里，浑身又湿又脏。十几岁的时候，他就有了自己的蜂箱。在他20岁出头的时候，他开着一辆装满工具的车在路上，在乔治亚州挖掘和研究收割蚁，这些蚂蚁的叮咬奇怪地持久。这种好奇心塑造了他的一生)”可知，最后一段主要讲述的是Schmidt从小对昆虫的兴趣和热情如何贯穿了他的整个生命，包括童年时期对昆虫的好奇心和青年时期的实地研究经历。由此可知，本段主要是关于Schmidt一生对昆虫的热情。故选D。CManyofuswonderwhatliesinouterspace.Whenwelookupatthenightsky,weseestars,theshinningofamovingsatelliteandoccasionallyadistantplanet.Butonethingwedon’tseeisthemillionsofpiecesofjunkfillingupspace.It’sthisdebris(残骸)that’scausingproblemsfortheexistingtechnologythat’supthereandwhichwerelyon.Theamountofspacejunkisincreasing.Overthelastfewdecades,satellitesandrocketshavebeenlaunchedintospace,litteringtheuniverseastheygo.It’sestimatedtherearenowmillionsofpiecesofmetalandothermaterialsinorbit—everythingfromoldrockettoaccidentallydroppedastronauttools,andevenbitsofpaint.Thefearisthatifwedon’tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.NobuOkada,ChiefExecutiveofAstroscale—acompanyworkingonwaystocleanupspacejunk—sayshitting“evenasmallpieceofpaint…hasenoughpowertoblowupothersatellites.”Severalideasarebeinglookedattocollectthedebrisfloatingaroundinspace.In2018,theRemoveDebrisspacecraftcarriedoutvariousexperiments,includingtestinganetthatcouldfollowasatelliteandfiringaharpoon(叉)atatargetinorbittotrytocatchit.ThisyeartheUKSpaceAgencyishelpingtofundnewapproachestotrackingsatellitesanddebrisinspace.JacobGeerfromUKSAtoldtheBBC:“Spacesurveillance(监控)andtrackingisoneofthekeythingswecandotokeepsafethosesatelliteswerelyonnow,andtomakesurecertainorbitsdon’tbecomeinaccessibleforfuturegenerationsbecausethere’stoomuchdebrisinthem.”It’sclearthatasolutionisneededsoadeepcleancantakeplace.Butlookingtothefuture,likeanylitterproblem,weneedtolookatwaysofcreatingless—andthatshouldn’tbethestuffofsciencefiction.28.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphsayaboutspacejunk?A.Itissomethingdangerous. B.Itsinfluencehasbeenundervalued.C.Itwasleftbyastronautsonpurpose. D.Itsamountisbecomingsmallrecently.29.WhydidNobuOkadamentionasmallpieceofpaint?A.Tostressthesignificanceofactivesatellites.B.Tointroducetheplanofcleaningthedebris.C.Toexplainthedifficultyincleaningspacejunk.D.Todescribethedamagespacejunkcouldbring.30.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph4?A.Theefforttoremovespacejunk. B.Theapproachofspacesurveillance.C.Theimportanceofsendingupsatellites. D.Theexperimentoftrackingspacecraft.31.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Spacejunk:satellitesthreatB.Scientists’explorationofouterspaceC.Spacesurveillance:awaytokeepspacecleanD.Newproofofspacejunk’sharmtotheuniverse【答案】28.A29.D30.A31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了太空垃圾的问题以及人类为解决这一问题所做的努力。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“It’sthisdebris(残骸)that’scausingproblemsfortheexistingtechnologythat’supthereandwhichwerelyon.(正是这些残骸给我们赖以生存的现有技术带来了问题)”可知，太空垃圾具有危险性。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“NobuOkada,ChiefExecutiveofAstroscale—acompanyworkingonwaystocleanupspacejunk—sayshitting“evenasmallpieceofpaint…hasenoughpowertoblowupothersatellites.(致力于清理太空垃圾的astroscale公司的首席执行官NobuOkada说，撞击“即使是一小块油漆……也有足够的力量摧毁其他卫星）”可知，NobuOkada提到一小块油漆是为了描述太空垃圾可能带来的损害。故选D。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Severalideasarebeinglookedattocollectthedebrisfloatingaroundinspace.In2018,theRemoveDebrisspacecraftcarriedoutvariousexperiments,includingtestinganetthatcouldfollowasatelliteandfiringaharpoon(叉)atatargetinorbittotrytocatchit.(目前正在研究收集太空中漂浮的碎片的几种方法。2018年，“清除碎片”航天器进行了各种实验，包括测试一种可以跟踪卫星的网，以及向轨道上的目标发射鱼叉以试图捕获它)”可知，第四段主要说明了人类在清理太空垃圾方面付出的努力。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thefearisthatifwedon’tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.(令人担心的是，如果我们不尽快把这些垃圾从天空中清除出去，它将对活跃的卫星构成重大威胁)”以及最后一段“It’sclearthatasolutionisneededsoadeepcleancantakeplace.Butlookingtothefuture,likeanylitterproblem,weneedtolookatwaysofcreatingless—andthatshouldn’tbethestuffofsciencefiction.(很明显，需要一个解决方案，这样才能进行一次彻底的清理。但展望未来，就像任何垃圾问题一样，我们需要寻找减少垃圾产生的方法——这不应该是科幻小说的内容)”可知，短文主要介绍了太空垃圾会对卫星造成威胁，以及需要清理太空垃圾以确保未来的安全。可知，最佳标题是“太空垃圾：卫星的威胁”。故选A。DWiththeworld’sforestsunderthreat,reforestationisessentialinthefightagainstclimatechangeandtoprotectbiodiversity,butplantingyoungtreesbyhandcanbelabor-intensive.Sodrones(无人机)havebeguntobeusedtodropseedsontolanddeforestedbywildfires.AcompanycalledMastReforestationhasappliedthismethodinthewesternUnitedStatesandbeyond.Butforaforesttogrow,droppedseedshavetogetintothesoilandgerminate(发芽),andthatcanbeachallenge.ResearchersfromMorphingMatterLabatCarnegieMellonUniversitymighthaveananswer.LabdirectorLiningYaoandhercolleagueslookedaterodiumseeds,whichhavea“drill”thatchangesshapewhenwet,usinga“tail”tosupportitselfupandpushmoreeffectivelyintotheground.Theteamcreatedan“E-seed”carrierbasedonthesameprinciple,whichismadefromwhiteoakwoodthatnaturallyrespondstochangesinhumidity(湿度).Theychemicallytreatedthewoodtomakeitsofterwhenwetsoitexpandsmoreeffectively.Moreover,theseedcarrierhasthreetails,makingiteasiertodrillintosoil.AccordingtotheresearchYaopublishedinthejournalNature,thecarrierhasan“80%drillingsuccessrateonflatland”,makingitmoreeffectivethanerodiumseedsinthesameconditions.Afterthecarrierburrows,theseedisprotectedfromanimalsandthenaturalelements,improvingitschancesofgermination.Yaosaysthelabhasreceivedinterestfromcompaniesandgovernmentagenciesworldwidewantingtousetheseedcarriersinreforestationprojects.Butshenotesspecifictypesofseedcarriersmustbedevelopedfordifferentlocationstoaccommodatedifferentsoilsandhumiditylevels.Providingthetechnologyforprojectsaroundtheworldwouldbeurgent.“Mostpeoplewhoreachoutwantthousandsofseeds,andtheywanttogrowmillionsoftreesinayear,”saysYao.“Istartedasmallteaminthelabtothinkaboutmassproductionstrategy,butwedefinitelywanttogetmoresupporttomakethisalargereffort.”32.Whydidtheresearchersdevelopthe“E-seed”carrier?A.Becauseofvariousnaturalthreatstobiodiversity.B.Becauseofthewildfirescausedbyclimatechange.C.Becauseofdifficultieswithefficientreforestation.D.Becauseofthetroubleincollectingseedseffectively.33.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“E-seed”carrier?A.Itiscommunity-based. B.Itisnature-inspired.C.Itisenergy-powered. D.Itisprofit-driven.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“burrows”meaninparagraph3?A.Fliesaway. B.Fallsintoline. C.Floatsaround. D.Getsintosoil.35.Whatispossibleaboutthe“E-seed”carrieraccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Itswideapplications. B.Itsfastdevelopment.C.Itsbeingregularlytested. D.Itsbeinghugelyprofitable.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了卡内基梅隆大学MorphingMatter实验室研发的可以有效解决重新造林难题的E-seed载体。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Butforaforesttogrow,droppedseedshavetogetintothesoilandgerminate( 发芽 ),andthatcanbeachallenge.(但要让森林生长，掉落的种子必须进入土壤并发芽，这可能是一个挑战。)”可知研究人员开发“E-seed”载体是为了解决有效地重新造林的难题。故选C项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“LabdirectorLiningYaoandhercolleagueslookedaterodiumseeds,whichhavea“drill”thatchangesshapewhenwet,usinga“tail”tosupportitselfupandpushmoreeffectivelyintotheground.Theteamcreatedan“E-seed”carrierbasedonthesameprinciple,whichismadefromwhiteoakwoodthatnaturallyrespondstochangesinhumidity( 湿度).(实验室主任姚丽宁和她的同事们研究了芹叶太阳花的种子，它们有一个“钻”，在潮湿的时候会改变形状，用“尾巴”支撑自己，更有效地进入地下。该团队基于同样的原理创造了一种“E-seed”载体，该载体由白橡木制成，可以自然地对湿度变化做出反应。)”可知研究人员从芹叶太阳花的种子的形状受到启发，从而发明了“E-seed”载体，由此可知“E-seed”载体是从大自然中得到的灵感。故选B项。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词之前“thecarrierhasan“80%drillingsuccessrateonflatland”,makingitmoreeffectivethanerodiumseedsinthesameconditions.(这种载体“在平坦的土地上有80%的钻探成功率”，在相同的条件下比芹叶太阳花种子更有效。)”以及划线词之后“theseedisprotectedfromanimalsandthenaturalelements,improvingitschancesofgermination.(种子受到保护，不受动物和自然因素的影响，提高了发芽的机会。)”可知“E-seed”载体能有效地在地面上钻洞从而让种子进入土壤，由此可推测划线词的意思是挖洞，即进入土壤，与D项Getsintosoil(进入土壤)意思相近。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Providingthetechnologyforprojectsaroundtheworldwouldbeurgent.“Mostpeoplewhoreachoutwantthousandsofseeds,andtheywanttogrowmillionsoftreesinayear,”saysYao.“Istartedasmallteaminthelabtothinkaboutmassproductionstrategy,butwedefinitelywanttogetmoresupporttomakethisalargereffort.”(为世界各地的项目提供技术将是当务之急。“大多数伸出援手的人想要成千上万的种子，他们想在一年内种植数百万棵树，”姚说。“我在实验室里成立了一个小团队来考虑大规模生产策略，但我们绝对希望得到更多的支持，让这一努力更大。”)”可知多家公司和机构对于“E-seed”很感兴趣，而姚也成立了一个小团队来考虑大规模生产策略，由此可以推测“E-seed”载体有可能得到广泛的应用。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Findingtherightcareerpathisnotaneasytask.Thereareafewluckypeoplewhoknowfromdayonewhattheywanttodowiththeirlives.___36___Careerplanning,therefore,isaboutidentifyingwhichprofessionyou'dliketoworkinandcreatingaplantogetwhereyouwanttobe.Startwithself-evaluation.Youneedtotakeacloserlookatyourself.Thisinvolvesbreakingandguideyoutowardstheidealcareer.Therearedifferenttoolsavailabletohelpyoucarryoutthisdownyourinterests,skills,experience,studiesandsoon.Thiswillhelpyouidentifyyourqualitiesassessment.___37___Exploreyouroptions.Aftercompletingyourself-exploration,youcandetermineyourcareerinterestsandidentifythespecificoccupationsthatinterestyou.___38___Byaskingyourselfwhatyouwishtopursueandnarrowingdownyouroptions,you'llproduceaclearercareerplan.Researchthefield.Eachprofessionrequiresadifferentsetofskills,knowledgeandexperience.___39___Youneedtoknowwhattheemployerexpectsfromyouandwhetheryoucandothejob.Youalsoneedtoidentifythequalifications,skillsandabilitiesthataretypicallyrequired.___40___Onceyouhaveresearchedallthenecessaryinformation,youcanbreakyourcareerplanintoachievablesteps.Witheachstep,youshouldsetdifferentgoalstohelpyouprogress.Byestablishingattainableobjectivesyouareessentiallycreatingacareerto-dolist,makingeachstepeasier.A.Setspecificgoals.B.Organizeyourplan.C.Takingacareertestwouldbeagoodplacetostart.D.Thismeansputtingwhat'simportanttoyouinorder.E.You'dbetterinvestigatethemarketandthejobdescription.F.However,formanypeople,ittakesalittlemoreworktoplantheircareers.G.Therightcareerforyoumustincludeaspectsthatattractandareimportanttoyou.【答案】36.F37.C38.G39.E40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了如何找到适合自己的职业道路。文章提出了一系列的步骤和建议，包括自我评估、探索选择、研究领域和设定具体目标。【36题详解】根据上文“Thereareafewluckypeoplewhoknowfromdayonewhattheywanttodowiththeirlives.(有一些幸运的人从一开始就知道他们想做什么)”以及下文“Careerplanning,therefore,isaboutidentifyingwhichprofessionyou'dliketoworkinandcreatingaplantogetwhereyouwanttobe.(因此，职业规划就是确定你想从事的职业，并制定一个计划来实现你的目标)”可知，此处指出有些人需要更多的努力来规划他们的职业生涯，与F项“However,formanypeople,ittakesalittlemoreworktoplantheircareers.(然而，对许多人来说，规划职业生涯需要更多的努力)”表达的含义一致，