江苏省常州市五校2024-2025学年高三上学期12月联合调研英语试卷含答案

2024—2025学年第一学期五校高三年级联合调研英语试卷2024.12满分150分考试时间120分钟第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whathasthemanrecentlybought?A.Anewphone.B.Adoorbellcamera.C.Asmokealarm.2.Whateventarethespeakerspreparingfor?A.TheSpringFestival.B.Abirthdayparty.C.ChristmasDay.3.Whyhasthemanprobablygainedsomeweight?A.Hehasbeenexercisingless.B.He'sbeenlackingsleep.C.He'sbeeneatingmore.4.Whydoesthemanlikeworkingattheoffice?A.Heismoreefficient.B.It'smoreinteresting.C.Theenvironmentisbetter.5.Whatwillthespeakersprobablyhavefordinner?A.Beefsoup.B.Chickennoodles.C.Eggsaladsandwiches.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatactivitydothespeakersbothenjoy?A.Doingyoga.B.Walking.C.Jogging.7.Whydoesthemanlikeadultcoloringbooks?A.Theyarechallenging.B.Theyhavebeautifulimages.C.Theytakehismindoffdailyconcerns.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacarshowroom.B.Inaparkinglot.C.Inadriveway.9.Whatdoesthemancaremostaboutacar?A.Thetopspeed.B.Thechargingfrequency.C.Theenvironmentalimpact.10.Whichfeatureisnormallypaidextraaccordingtocardealers?A.Heatedseats.B.Internetconnection.C.Theparkingcamera.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howisthewomanprobablyfeeling?A.Hot.B.Tired.C.Sick.12.Whowillthewomanspeaktoonvideocall?A.Herdoctor.B.Herbrother.C.Herprofessor.13.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Carryoutastudy.B.Havea“coffeenap”.C.Dropofftheman.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Readingpreferences.B.Authors'inspiration.C.Theirfavouritebooks.15.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Writerandfan.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Magazineeditorandreader.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutpopularliterature?A.Goodwritershardlyreadit.B.It'sactuallywell-written.C.Keepanopenmindtoit.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidpeoplecallscientistsbeforethe1830s?A.Manofscience.B.Officerofscience.C.Researcherofscience.18.WhohopedMarySomervillecouldcontinuetostudy?A.Heruncle.B.Hermother.C.Heraunt.19.WhatdidMarySomervilledoafterherfirsthusbandpassedaway?A.Shewenttouniversity.B.Shelearnedtobeagoodwife.C.Shedevotedherlifetoscience.20.WhenwasSomervilleCollegeestablished?A.In1834.B.In1872.C.In1879.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASpringturnsEuropeintoaworldofcolors.Ifyouwanttoexperiencespringinallitscolourfulglory,herearefourofthebestplacesforyou.BloomingBaroque,Ludwigsburg,GermanyTheBloomingBaroquegardenshowinLudwigsburg,Germany,hasbeenwelcomingvisitorssince1954.Visitthe18th-centurypalacebetweenMarchandNovemberandyoucannotonlyseedisplaysfilledwithflowers,butalsowatchdifferentkindsofbirdsandvisitgardens,climbRapunzel'stowerandgetlostinagianthedgemaze(树篱迷宫).KeukenhofGardens,Lisse,theNetherlandsThelargestflowergardenintheworld,KeukenhofintheNetherlandsisthebestplacetoseethesymbolicDutchfloweratitsfinest.Tulipsexplodeacrossthegardens,withmorethan800differentvarieties.Afteryou’vewanderedthroughthegardens,youcanhireabikeatthemaingateandthenridethroughtheendlessrowsofpicture-perfectfloweredrainbows.TheshowrunsfromMarch21toMay10.TempsdeFlors,Girona,SpainGirona’smedievalcentreistransformedintoalivinggalleryasflowercarpetsandspecialsculpturesexplodethroughoutthecitycentreeachMay.TheGironaACappellaFestivalinvitesmusicloverstoengagealltheirsensesasthesound,smellandsightofspringfillthecityfor10daysinMay.NormandyTulipFestival,Vendcuvre,FranceTheFrenchgardenofthe18th-centuryVendeuvreChateauinNormandyspringstolifeinApril,asover30,000tulips,narcissiandgrapehyacinthsawaken.OpenafternoonsthroughoutAprilbetween2p.m.and6p.m.1.Wherecanyouseeaflowerdisplayinautumn?A.IntheNetherlands. B.InGermany.C.InSpain. D.InFrance.2.WhatofthefollowingisthehighlightoftheGirona'sflowerdisplay?A.Amazeinapalace. B.Anartexhibition.C.Amusicfestival. D.Abicycletour.3.WhatcanyouenjoyinbothKeukenhofGardensandNormandyTulipFestival?A.Differentbirds. B.Floweredrainbows.C.Plentyoftulips. D.Aliveconcert.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最适合体验春天的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BloomingBaroque,Ludwigsburg,Germany中的“Visitthe18th-centurypalacebetweenMarchandNovemberandyoucannotonlyseedisplaysfilledwithflowers,butalsowatchdifferentkindsofbirdsandvisitgardens,climbRapunzel'stowerandgetlostinagianthedgemaze(树篱迷宫).(在3月到11月间参观这座18世纪的宫殿，你不仅可以看到鲜花，还可以参观各种各样的鸟类和花园，爬上长发公主的塔，在巨大的篱笆迷宫中迷失方向)”可知，秋天在德国可以看到花展。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TempsdeFlors,Girona,Spain中的“TheGironaACappellaFestivalinvitesmusicloverstoengagealltheirsensesasthesound,smellandsightofspringfillthecityfor10daysinMay.(赫罗纳无伴奏合唱音乐节邀请音乐爱好者调动他们所有的感官，在5月的10天里，春天的声音、气味和景象充满了这座城市)”可知，赫罗纳花展的亮点是音乐节。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据KeukenhofGardens,Lisse,theNetherlands中的“Tulipsexplodeacrossthegardens,withmorethan800differentvarieties.(郁金香遍布整个花园，有800多种不同的品种)”和NormandyTulipFestival,Vendeuvre,France中的“TheFrenchgardenofthe18th-centuryVendeuvreChateauinNormandyspringstolifeinApril,asover30,000tulips,narcissiandgrapehyacinthsawaken.(在4月，超过3万朵郁金香、水仙花和风信子苏醒了，位于诺曼底18世纪的法国凡尔赛宫Château花园焕发了生机)”可知，在库肯花园和诺曼底郁金香节都能享受到很多郁金香。故选C。BResearchersfromtheYaleChildStudyCentercollected21daysofdailydiariesfromparentsandteensfrom151families.Participatingteenswereinthe9thand10thgrades,andrangedfrom13to16yearsold.Byanalyzingthesediaries,theresearcherscouldconnectparents’displaysofwarmthwithdailyfluctuations(变动)inhowlovedtheirteenswerefeeling.“Thedailymethodologyissuitedtoprovidingcaregiverswithpracticalsuggestionsfordailylife,”saysBeataUjvari,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Regardlessofthegeneralclosenessoftheparent-teenrelationshiptheresearchersfoundthatteensreportedfeelingmorelovedondayswhenparentsreportedshowingmorewarmthintheformofaffection,understanding,orpraise.Likewise,teensreportedfeelinglesslovedondayswhenparentsreportedmoreconflictsthanusual.Moreimportantly,theresearchersalsofoundthatparentscouldweakentheimpactofconflictsbyshowingtheirteenswarmth.Inotherwords,ondayswhenparentswerewarm,highlevelsofconflictsdidn'treducehowlovedteensfelt.Toweakenconflicts’impact,warmthhadtobeshownonthesameday,butthewarmthandconflictsdidnotneedtoberelated,theresearcherssaid.“Parentsoftencomplainabouttheconflictstheyareexperiencingwiththeirchildren,”saidJohnCoffey,thestudy’sleadauthor,“butourstudysuggestsconflictsaremanageable.”Thestudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencesuggestingdailyfluctuationsinfeelinglovedarecommoneveninlong-termrelationships.Howparentsandteenscommunicateandresolveconflictsmaybemostimportanttomaintainingahealthyrelationshipinthelongterm,saidtheresearchers.“Thestudyfindingsareparticularlyusefulrightnow,”addedCoffey,“becauseparentsandtheirchildrenarespendingmuchtimetogether.Findingwaystobekindandwarmwillhelplessenpotentialconflictsandensurechildrenfeelloved.”4.ThemainpurposeofthestudyconductedbyYaleChildStudyCenteristo________.A.investigatethedailyconflictsbetweenparentsandteensB.exploretheimpactofageandgenderonteens’emotionalwell-beingC.providepracticalsuggestionsforcaregiverstoavoidconflictswiththeirteensD.examinethelinkbetweenparentalwarmthandteens’senseofbeingloved5.Howcanparentsreduceconflicts’effectontheirteensaccordingtothetext?A.Bydisplayingemotionalwarmthonthesameday.B.Byspendingmoretimewiththeirteens.C.ByshowingunderstandingrelatedtotheconflictsD.Byexpressingagreementonwhatevertheirsays.6.Itcanbeinferredfromthestudythat________.A.conflictsbetweenparentsandteensareentirelyunavoidableB.parents’warmthcaneffectivelyreduceconflictsbetweenparentsandteensC.teens’feelingsofbeinglovedarenotaffectedbytheirparents’conflictsD.dailyfluctuationsinfeelinglovedarecommoninlong-termrelationships7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Parentsandteensfrequentlyencounterdisagreementorarguments.B.Parents’warmthcanbeshownthroughtheexpressionofaffectionandunderstanding.C.Thestudysuggeststhatconflictsbetweenparentsandteenscanbehandled.D.Thestudysuggeststhatparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildren.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学儿童研究中心的研究人员收集家长和青少年21天的日记，分析发现家长表达温暖与青少年感受到的被爱程度之间的日常波动有关，家长在同一天表达温暖可以减弱冲突对孩子的影响。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Byanalyzingthesediaries,theresearcherscouldconnectparents’displaysofwarmthwithdailyfluctuations(变动)inhowlovedtheirteenswerefeeling.(通过分析这些日记，研究人员可以将父母的温暖表现与青少年感受到的爱的日常波动联系起来)”可知，耶鲁儿童研究中心进行的这项研究的主要目的是研究父母的温暖和青少年被爱的感觉之间的联系。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Toweakenconflicts’impact,warmthhadtobeshownonthesameday,butthewarmthandconflictsdidnotneedtoberelated,theresearcherssaid.(研究人员说，为了减弱冲突的影响，温情必须在同一天出现，但温情和冲突并不一定要联系起来)”可知，父母在同一天表现出情感上的温暖可以减少冲突对孩子的影响。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thestudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencesuggestingdailyfluctuationsinfeelinglovedarecommoneveninlong-termrelationships.(越来越多的证据表明，即使在长期的关系中，每天感觉被爱的波动也是很常见的，这项研究进一步证明了这一点)”可知，从这项研究中可以推断出在长期关系中，感受到爱的日常波动是很常见的。故选D项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Parentsoftencomplainabouttheconflictstheyareexperiencingwiththeirchildren,”saidJohnCoffey,thestudy’sleadauthor,“butourstudysuggestsconflictsaremanageable.”(该研究的主要作者约翰·科菲（JohnCoffey）说：“父母经常抱怨他们与孩子之间的冲突，但我们的研究表明，冲突是可以控制的。”)”可知，选项A和C被提及了，根据第二段“Regardlessofthegeneralclosenessoftheparent-teenrelationship,theresearchersfoundthatteensreportedfeelingmorelovedondayswhenparentsreportedshowingmorewarmthintheformofaffection,understanding,orpraise.(研究人员发现，不管父母与青少年的关系是否亲密，当父母以情感、理解或赞美的形式表现出更多的温暖时，青少年会感到更被爱)”可知，选项B被提及了。文章并没有提到“研究表明父母应该花更多时间与孩子在一起”，所以选项D未提及。故选D项。CToomuchlightatnightcancutthenumberofseedsaplantmakes,anewstudyfinds.ResearchersputupstreetlightsinSwissmeadows(草地),farfromanyrealstreets.Thesetupwasbuiltsimilarlytourbanlightpollution.Inthesenow-light-pollutedfields,flowershad62percentfewernightvisitors-insectpollinators(传粉者)-thandidtheflowersindarkmeadows.Theresearchersreportedacabbagethistle(卷心菜蓟花)bloomhostsaguestinsectafterdark.Cabbagethistlesarethemostcommonflowersinthesemeadows.Fewerinsectvisitorsatnightcouldmeanlesspollen(花粉)pollinatedfromplanttoplant(thefirststepinmakingseeds).Forthethistles,daytimepollinatorvisitsdidn’tmakeupforthislossatnight,saysEvaKnop,anecologistattheUniversityofBerninSwitzerland.Overall,night-litplantsproducedone-eighthfewerseedsthandidplantsthatgotfullnightsofdarkness.Lightpollutionmightaffectawholenetworkofplantsandtheirpollinators,Knopandhercolleaguesnowsuggest.Indeed,nightpollinationwasnotjustalonelybusinessforafewspecialplants.Therewerelotsoflinksbetweenpollenhaulsbynightandbyday.Plantswithalotofnightvisitswereoftenverybusybyday,too.Lightatnightthatdecreasesseednumberscouldovertimemeanfewernewplants.Andfewerplantscouldmeanplantscouldmeanlessfoodandshelterfordaytimeinsects.Soalotofpollinatorsworkingthedayandnightshiftscouldbeaffected,Knopworries.Thenewstudyisthefirsttoshowhowartificiallightaffectsplants’abilitytomakeseeds.Thetestisalsounusualbecauseitconsidersallkindsofinsectpollinatorsinsteadoffocusingonlyonnight-flyinginsects.Theresearcherspaidspecialattentiontothecabbagethistle,buttheyalsomappedwhichkindsofinsectsvisitedotherplantsbydayornight.8.Whywerestreetlightsputupinthemeadows?A.Toattractinsectpollinators. B.Forurbandevelopment.C.Toreducelightpollution. D.Forscientificresearch.9.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcabbagethistles?A.TheyarethemostcommonSwissflowers. B.Theygrowslowlyduringthenight.C.Theyrelyoninsectstohelpmakeseeds. D.Theyattractonlynightvisitors.10.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectpollinators?A.Bydecreasingnightvisitors. B.Bydamagingtheirsight.CByincreasingseednumbers. D.Bydestroyingtheirshelter.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LightpollutionmayaffectplantsgreatlyB.Night-flyinginsectsmattermorethandaytimeonesC.PlantsattractmoreinsectsduetolightpollutionD.Researchersfoundwaystoprotecttheenvironment【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物的种子数量。文章详细介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究发现夜间过多的光照不仅会减少植物的种子数量，还会摧毁传粉者的庇护所，从而影响到植物的传粉者。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ResearchersputupstreetlightsinSwissmeadows(草地),farfromanyrealstreets.Thesetupwasbuiltsimilarlytourbanlightpollution.Inthesenow-light-pollutedfields,flowershad62percentfewernightvisitors-insectpollinators(传粉者)-thandidtheflowersindarkmeadows.(研究人员在远离任何真实街道的瑞士草地上安装了路灯。该装置的建造方式与城市光污染类似。在这些现已被光污染的田地里，花朵的夜间访客——昆虫传粉者——比在光线暗的草地上的花朵少62%)”可知，路灯挂在草地上是为了用于科学研究。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fewerinsectvisitorsatnightcouldmeanlesspollen(花粉)pollinatedfromplanttoplant(thefirststepinmakingseeds).(夜间昆虫的减少可能意味着植物间的花粉传粉量减少——这是制造种子的第一步)”可知，甘蓝蓟依靠昆虫来帮助制造种子。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Lightatnightthatdecreasesseednumberscouldovertimemeanfewernewplants.Andfewerplantscouldmeanplantscouldmeanlessfoodandshelterfordaytimeinsects.(随着时间的推移，夜间的灯光会减少种子数量，这意味着新植物的数量会减少。更少的植物意味着更少的食物和白天昆虫的较少的庇护所)”可知，光污染通过摧毁传粉者的庇护所，来影响传粉者。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Toomuchlightatnightcancutthenumberofseedsaplantmakes,anewstudyfinds.(一项新研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物的种子数量)”以及第三段中“Lightpollutionmightaffectawholenetworkofplantsandtheirpollinators,Knopandhercolleaguesnowsuggest.(Knop和她的同事现在认为，光污染可能会影响整个植物网络和它们的传粉者)”结合文章详细介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究发现夜间过多的光照不仅会减少植物的种子数量，还会摧毁传粉者的庇护所，从而影响到植物的传粉者。可知，A选项“光污染对植物的影响很大”最符合文章标题。故选A。DBrowsingvideosonTikTokorYouTubecanbeahit-and-missaffair.Butresearchershavefoundthatswitchingtoanothervideo,orskippingforwardsandbackwardsinthesameone,actuallymakespeoplemorebored.DrKatyTamattheUniversityofTorontoScarboroughsaidboredomwascloselylinkedtoattention.“Wefeelboredwhenthere’sagapbetweenhowengagedweareandhowengagedwewanttobe,”shesaid.“Whenpeoplekeepswitchingthroughvideos,theybecomelessengagedwiththevideosandtheyarelookingforsomethingmoreinteresting.Thiscanleadtoincreasedfeelingsofboredom.”Theresultsappeartochimewithotherstudies:astheteamnotes,previousresearchhassuggestedthatwhileboredomreliefisadriverforpeopletousesocialmediaorsmartphones,theuseofsuchtechnologyappearstomakethefeelingworse.WritingintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology:General,Tamandcolleaguesreporthowtheycarriedoutsevenexperimentsinvolvingatotalofmorethan1,200participants.Thefirst,involving140participants,revealedthatpeopletendedtoswitchbetweenvideosmorewhentheyratedthecontentmoreboring,whilethesecond-anonlinesurveyinvolving231participants--suggestedpeoplethoughthavingtheoptiontoskipthroughavideoorswitchtoanotherwouldmakeviewingavideolessboring.However,theteam’ssubsequentexperimentssuggestthisisnotthecase.Datafromagroupof166undergraduatessuggestsparticipantsfeltmoreboredwhenallowedtoskipaboutwithinavideothanwhentheywerenotableto,whileresultsfrom159undergraduatesrevealedtheyreportedhigherlevelsorboredomwhengivenacollectionoffive-minutevideostheycouldswitchbetween,comparedwithasingle10-minutevideo.“Ourresearchshowsthatwhilepeoplefast-forwardorskipvideostoavoidboredom,thisbehaviourcanactuallymakethemfeelmorebored,”shesaid.“Justaswepayforanimmersiveexperienceinamovietheatre,enjoymentoftencomesfromimmersingourselvesinvideosratherthanswipingthroughthem.”12.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howtoavoidboredomwhilebrowsingvideos.B.Therelationshipbetweenvideoswitchingandboredom.C.ThepopularityofTikTokandYouTubeamongyoungpeople.D.Theimportanceofimmersiveexperiencesinmovietheaters.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“chimewith”meaninParagraph3?A.agreewith B.comparewith C.contrastwith D.disagreewith14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtotheresearch?A.Skippingthroughvideosalwaysmakesviewinglessboring.B.Swipingthroughshortvideosfrequentlyleadstoincreasedboredom.C.Switchingbetweenshortvideosfrequentlyhelpspeoplereduceboredom.D.Theuseofsocialmediaorsmartphonescasesboredom.15.Torelieveboredomwhilewatchingvideos,Dr.KatyTamsuggestpeople________.A.skipthroughvideosasoftenaspossible B.fast-forwardvideostokeepinterestC.absorbthemselvesinthevideocontent D.avoidwatchingvideosonsocialmediaplatforms【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多伦多斯卡伯勒大学的研究人员关于人们浏览视频的研究，研究表明不断切换视频或在同一视频中前后跳跃实际上会让人们感到更无聊。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“BrowsingvideosonTikTokorYouTubecanbeahit-and-missaffair.Butresearchershavefoundthatswitchingtoanothervideo,orskippingforwardsandbackwardsinthesameone,actuallymakespeoplemorebored.(在TikTok或YouTube上浏览视频可能是一件偶然的事情。但研究人员发现，切换到另一个视频，或者在同一个视频中来回跳，实际上会让人更无聊)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要探讨了人们在浏览视频时频繁切换或跳过内容如何影响他们的无聊感，因此主旨是视频切换与无聊之间的关系。故选B项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“Whenpeoplekeepswitchingthroughvideos,theybecomelessengagedwiththevideosandtheyarelookingforsomethingmoreinteresting.Thiscanleadtoincreasedfeelingsofboredom.(当人们不停地切换视频时，他们对视频的参与度就会降低，他们会寻找更有趣的东西。这可能会增加无聊感)”以及后文“astheteamnotes,previousresearchhassuggestedthatwhileboredomreliefisadriverforpeopletousesocialmediaorsmartphones,theuseofsuchtechnologyappearstomakethefeelingworse.(正如研究小组指出的那样，之前的研究表明，尽管缓解无聊是人们使用社交媒体或智能手机的一个动力，但使用这些技术似乎会让感觉更糟)”可知，之前的研究和现在的研究结果一样，推知chimewith是“以……一致，同意”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Ourresearchshowsthatwhilepeoplefast-forwardorskipvideostoavoidboredom,thisbehaviourcanactuallymakethemfeelmorebored,”shesaid.(她说：“我们的研究表明，虽然人们为了避免无聊而快进或跳过视频，但这种行为实际上会让他们感到更加无聊。”)”可知，尽管人们认为切换视频会减少无聊，但实验结果表明，频繁切换或跳过视频实际上会让人感到更加无聊。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Justaswepayforanimmersiveexperienceinamovietheatre,enjoymentoftencomesfromimmersingourselvesinvideosratherthanswipingthroughthem.(就像我们花钱去电影院享受身临其境的体验一样，享受往往来自于让自己沉浸在视频中，而不是在视频中刷屏)”可知，Dr.KatyTam建议人们沉浸于视频内容中来缓解无聊。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Afoodallergy(过敏)isamedicalconditionthatoccurswhenthebody’sprotectionsystemperceivescertainfoodsasathreatandrespondstothemwithanallergicreaction.Symptoms(症状)ofafoodallergy____16____However,aseverereactioncantakeuptoafewhoursfollowingexposure.Symptomscanrangefrommildtosevere.Andtheymaydiffereachtimeaspecificallergenappears.Symptomscaninclude:askinrashorhives,swellingofthefaceorlips,orfeelinglightheadedordizzy.____17____Thatcansendthebodyintoshockormakeitdifficulttobreathe.JudgingafoodallergyDoctorsconsideranumberoffactorswheninvestigatingafoodallergy.Thoseincludebothapatient’ssymptomsandfamilyhistoryofallergies.Aphysicalexaminationmaybeperformedtoruleoutanyotherconditions.____18____TreatingafoodallergyItmaynotbepossibleforapatienttocompletelyavoidfoodsthatinduce(导致)anallergicreaction.Forminorreactions,youcantakesomemedicine.Forseverereactions,however,turntodoctorsforhelp.____19____Theonlysurewaytopreventanallergicreactiontofoodistocarefullyavoidtheallergens.Thiscanbeadifficultprocess.Thatrequirespatientstocarefullystudyfoodlabelstoensurethefoodissafeforthem.____20____Soit’snecessarytoinformfamilyorfriendsofthefoodthatcancauseafoodallergy.A.Avoidingharmfromallergy.B.Preventinganallergicreaction.C.Noteveryoneknowswhatafoodallergyis.D.Butmanypeopledon’tknowtheallergens.E.Othertestscanincludebloodtestororalfoodchallenge.F.Anallergicreactiontofoodusuallyoccurswithinminutes.G.Forsomepeople,certainallergenscanbringaseverereaction.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是食物过敏、过敏的症状以及如何预防食物过敏。【16题详解】根据下文“However,aseverereactioncantakeuptoafewhoursfollowingexposure.(然而，严重的反应可能会持续几个小时)”可知，设空处应该介绍食物过敏症状出现的时间，故F项“对食物的过敏反应通常在几分钟内就会发生。”能够承接上文。故选F项。17题详解】根据上文“Symptomscaninclude:askinrashorhives,swellingofthefaceorlips,orfeelinglightheadedordizzy.(症状包括：皮疹或荨麻疹，面部或嘴唇肿胀，或感觉头晕或头晕)”及下文“Thatcansendthebodyintoshockormakeitdifficulttobreathe.(这会使身体休克或呼吸困难)”可知，前句介绍各种过敏症状，后句提到过敏的严重反应。故G选项“对某些人来说，某些过敏原会引起严重的反应。”能够承上启下。故选G项。【18题详解】根据上文“Aphysicalexaminationmaybeperformedtoruleoutanyotherconditions.(体检可以排除任何其他情况)”可知，前句介绍通过体检来判断是否食物过敏，因此E选项可以承接上文说明其它测试的内容。故E选项“其他测试包括血液测试或口服食物挑战。”切题。信息词“Othertests”和“examination”呼应。故选E项。【19题详解】根据下文“Theonlysurewaytopreventanallergicreactiontofoodistocarefullyavoidtheallergens.(预防食物过敏反应的唯一可靠方法就是小心地避开过敏原)”可知，本段主要介绍了如何避免食物过敏。故B选项“预防过敏反应。”适合作本段主题句。故选B项。【20题详解】根据下文“Soit’snecessarytoinformfamilyorfriendsofthefoodthatcancauseafoodallergy.(所以有必要告知家人或朋友哪些食物会导致食物过敏)”可知，很多人不知道过敏原是什么。故D选项“但是很多人不知道过敏原是什么。”符合此处语境。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IntheheartoftheAmazonrainforest,thereliesasmallvillagewherepeopleliveinharmonywithnature.AyounggirlnamedMariahasalwaysbeen___21___bythestoriesoftherainforesttoldbyhergrandmother.Onesunnymorning,Mariadecidedtowanderdeeperintotherainforest.Withhergrandmother’soldcompass,she___22___alone.Assheventuredfurther,theforestbeganto___23___adifferentsidewiththetoweringtreesandthevariouscolorsoftheflowers.Suddenly,Mariaheardarustlingsoundbehindher.Sheturnedaround,herheartpoundingwith___24___.There,standingjustafewfeetawaywasajaguar.Maria’sfirstinstinctwastorun,butsherememberedhergrandmother’swords:“Respecttheanimals,andtheywillrespectyou.”Takingadeepbreath,she___25___thejaguarwithhereyes.Thejaguar,sensingMaria’scalmandrespect,slowly___26___intothebushes.Mariacontinuedherjourney,feelingasenseof___27___.Asthesunbegantoset,Mariafoundherselfattheedgeofahiddenlake,itswaters___28___theskylikeamirror.Admiringthesunset,sherealizedthattherainforestwasnotjustaplaceofadventureanddiscovery;itwasalsoaplaceof___29___andwisdom.AfterMariareturnedtothevillage,shetoldthevillagersabouther___30___withthejaguarandthebeautyofthehiddenlake.Thechiefofthevillagelistened___31___andheknewthatMariahadlearnedvaluablelessonsaboutrespectandharmony.Fromthatdayon,Mariabecamea(n)___32___figureinthevillage,knownforherbraveryandwisdom.Shecontinuedtoexploretherainforest,alwayswithasenseof___33___fornature.Thevillagers,inspiredbyMaria’sstories,begantoappreciatetheirsurroundingsmore,learningtolivein___34___withtherainforest.Yearslater,herlegacylivedonintheheartsofthosewhoheardherstoriesandinthe___35___oftherainforestitself.21.A.attracted B.frightened C.attacked D.recognized22.A.setup B.setdown C.setback D.setoff23.A.reveal B.function C.impress D.adapt24.A.excitement B.admiration C.fear D.confidence25.A.shoutedto B.tookon C.broughtout D.staredat26.A.advanced B.approached C.escaped D.retreated27.A.anger B.disappointment C.relief D.anxiety28.A.reflecting B.recalling C.regaining D.reviewing29.A.concentration B.learning C.memory D.recovery30.A.breakdown B.encounter C.response D.account31.A.thoroughly B.regularly C.fortunately D.attentively32.A.mysterious B.ignorant C.admired D.generous33.A.respect B.achievement C.contribution D.disrespect34.A.conflict B.harmony C.explosion D.nutrition35.A.application B.fashion C.spirit D.security【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.C25.D26.D27.C28.A29.B30.B31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了玛丽亚在亚马逊雨林中的一次探险经历，以及这次经历如何影响了她和村民们对自然的态度。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个名叫Maria的小女孩一直被她祖母讲的雨林故事所吸引。A.attracted吸引；B.frightened使惊吓；C.attacked攻击；D.recognized认出。根据后文“Onesunnymorning,Mariadecidedtowanderdeeperintotherainforest.”可知，Maria决定去雨林探险，所以是被她祖母讲的雨林故事所吸引。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她拿着祖母的旧指南针，独自出发了。A.setup建立；B.setdown记下；C.setback阻碍；D.setoff出发。根据前文“Mariadecidedtowanderdeeperintotherainforest.”可知，Maria决定去雨林探险，所以应是拿着祖母的旧指南针，独自出发了。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她继续冒险时，森林开始揭示出不同的一面，参天的树木和各种颜色的花朵。A.reveal揭示；B.function运转；C.impress使留下深刻印象；D.adapt适应。根据后文“thetoweringtreesandthevariouscolorsoftheflowers”可知，森林揭示了另一面。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她转过身来，害怕得心砰砰直跳。A.excitement兴奋；B.admiration钦佩；C.fear害怕；D.confidence自信。根据后文“There,standingjustafewfeetawaywasajaguar.”可知，Maria身后出现了一只美洲虎，所以应是害怕的。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她深吸一口气，用眼睛盯着那只美洲虎。A.shoutedto向......呼喊；B.tookon承担；C.broughtout推出，发布；D.staredat凝视。根据后文“withhereyes”可知，用眼睛，应是盯着那只美洲虎。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：美洲虎感觉到Maria的平静和尊敬，慢慢地退到灌木丛中。A.advanced前进；B.approached接近；C.escaped逃跑；D.retreated后退。根据后文“Mariacontinuedherjourney”可知，Maria继续她的旅程，所以应是美洲虎退到灌木丛中离开了。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maria继续她的旅程，感到一种解脱的感觉。A.anger愤怒；B.disappointment失望；C.relief宽慰；D.anxiety焦虑。根据前文“Thejaguar,sensingMaria’scalmandrespect,slowly6intothebushes.”可知，美洲虎离开了，所以Maria感到一种解脱的感觉。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当太阳开始落山时，Maria发现自己站在一个隐蔽的湖边，湖水像一面镜子一样反射着天空。A.reflecting反射；B.recalling回忆；C.regaining重新获得；D.reviewing回顾。根据后文“likeamirror”可知，湖面像镜子一样，应是反射着天空。故选A项。【2