Unit-1单元话题七选五专项练习

Unit1单元话题七选五专项练习(名校最新真题)（2022·湖南·长沙一中高二阶段练习）AlbertEinsteinheldasmall,roundinstrumentwithaglasscoverandashakingneedleinhispalm.___1___Albert’sfathercalleditacompassAlbertcalleditamystery.Nomatterhowhemovedthecompass,theneedlealwayspointedtothenorth.Somethingwasintheroomwithhim,Albertrealized—somethinghecouldn’tseeorfeel,butthatactedonthecompassjustthesame.Puzzledandattracted,Albertlistenedtohisfatherexplainmagnetism,thestrangeforcethatmadethecompassneedlepointnorth.___2___Tomanychildrenthecompasswouldhavebeenjustanothertoy.ToAlbertthecompasswasamiraclehewouldneverforget.___3___BornonMarch14,1879,Alberthadn’tlookedlikeotherbabies.Asshecradledhernew-soninherarms,PaulineEinsteinthoughtthebackofhisheadlookedstrange.WassomethingwrongwithAlbert?AlthoughthedoctortoldPaulineeverythingwasfine,severalweekspassedbeforetheshapeofAlbert’sheadbegantolookrighttoher.WhenAlbertwasone,hisfamilymovedtoMunich,wherehissister,Maja,wasbornayearlater.___4___Wherewerethebaby’swheels?Thedisappointedtwo-year-oldwantedtoknow.Alberthadexpectedababysistertobesomethinglikeatoy,andmostofhistoyshadwheels.Atanagewhenmanychildrenhavelotstosay,Albertseemedstrangelybackward.Thenine-year-oldstillhadtroubleputtinghisthoughtsintowords.ButAlbertwasagoodlistenerandagoodthinker.WhenhewenthikingwithhisparentsandMaja,hethoughtabouthisfather’scompassandwhatithadrevealedtohim.Theclear,opengrasslandswerefilledwithmorethanthewindorthepleasantsmellofflowers.___5___Theverythoughtofitquickenedhispulse.A．Theywerealsofilledwithmagnetism.B．Alberthadalwaysbeendifferentfromotherchildren.C．Thefive-year-oldstaredathishandasifitheldmagic.D．Theinvisibleforcemakesthecompassmorethanatoytoall.E．Lookingdownatthetinysleepingparcel,Albertwaspuzzled.F．Somewhere,thewind,softandmagic,clickedthroughtreebranches.G．Butnothinghesaidmadetheinvisiblepowerlessmysteriousorwonderful.（2022·河南安阳·高二期末）CharacteristicsofanexcellentscientistThedictionarydefinesascientistasapersonhavingprofessionalknowledgeononeormoresciences,especiallynaturalscienceorphysicalscience.____6____Let’slookatsomecharacteristicsofanexcellentscientist.CuriosityAnexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.ScientistssuchasThomasEdisonandGeorgeWestinghousediscoveredthingsmainlybecausetheywantedtoknowhowthingswork.____7____PatienceBecomingascientisttakesalongtime.____8____Evenifyouthinkyouhavereceivedsomeeducationonscience,youstillhavealotofscientificresearchtodo.Ifyou’reaninstant-gratificationtypeofperson,thismaynotbethebestchoiceforyou.Ethical(道德的)qualitiesInordertotrulydiscoveranduseknowledgeforthegreatergood,ascientistmusthaveadesiretoimprovepeople’slifeaswellastheenvironment,sincetheyarelinkedandtheycanaffectoneanotherinthelongrun.____9____Stickingtoanoldbeliefcontradictedwithevidenceisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn’tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.Workinghabits____10____He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat’sneededandalsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.Networkingconnectshim/herwithcolleaguesworkingonsimilarprojectswherehe/shemaydiscoversomethingnew.A．Tomakediscoveries,youhavetothinkdifferently.B．Thereareveryfewjobsthattakelongerthanthisone.C．Italsodefinesascientistassomeonewhousesscientificmethods.D．Ascientistmustreportfindingshonestlyregardlessofpersonalinterestsorpublicopinion.E．Oneofthemainplacesthatmanyscientistsworkinistheresearchlaboratory.F．Anexcellentscientisteventakesnotesofthesmallestobservationandkeepsitinmind.G．Withoutadrivetoaskquestionsorevenwonder,ascientistwillnevergettothefirststageofthescientificprocess.（2022·陕西西安·高二期末）Asisknown,AlbertEinsteinwasoneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime.Hewasalsoareallygreatperson.Einsteinlearnedfrommakingmistakes____11____,someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded.Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandpencil.Healsoneededabaskettoholdhismistakes.Thisshowsthathekneweventhecleverestmanintheworldcanonlylearnbymakingmistakes.____12____Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.EinsteinconsideredtimetobeimportantHeneverworesocksbecausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughtrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.____13____.Heknewwhatwasworthremembering.Itistruethatifwearegoingtodogreatthingsinourlives,wecannotwastetime.EinsteinlikedtojoketooInoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent.____14____!WhenEinsteinwasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.____15____,weshouldthinkofhim.So,neverbediscouraged!A．EinsteinwasalsoverymodestB．WhatahumorouspersonheisC．EinsteinwasalsostrictwithhisstudentsD．WhenEinsteinstartedtoworkinAmericaE．GivestudentsachancetocorrecttheirmistakesF．IfweeverfeellikegivingupwhenwehaveproblemsG．That’swhyheneverrememberedhisownphonenumber（2021·广东·北京师范大学珠海分校附属外国语学校高二阶段练习）FourSecretstoSteveJobs’SuccessHowisitthatacollegedropout,whowasoncekickedoutofhisowncompany,becameoneoftheworld’sforemostinnovators?CarmineGalloliststhefourwaysJobsmanagedtosucceedinthefaceofdiscouragingcircumstances.___16___Dowhatyoulove,nomatterwhatithappenstobe.ThisiswhatJobstoldStanfordUniversitygraduatesinaspeechin2005,GallosaysthefamoustalkshowhostRachaelRayagreeswiththisadvice.RachaelRaydoeswhatsheloves.____17____Shedidthatbecauseshelovedcooking.Saynoto1000things.SimplifyinghisbusinesswasthekeytoJobs’success,Gallosays.In1997,whenJobsreturnedtoApple,Applewasclosetobankruptcy（破产）.Hetook300productsandcondensedthemto10withinatwo-yearperiod.___18___Inhislatteryears,hedecidedhewouldwearthesamedresseverydaysothathedidn’thavetothinkaboutit.Kick-start（启动）yourbrainbydoingsomethingnew.DoingnewthingshelpedJobs,inthewordsofApple'sownslogan,“Thinkdifferently.”TheinspirationfortheAppleStorecamefromtheFourSeasonsHotel.That’swhywhenyouwalkintoanAppleStore,youwillnotfindacashier.____19____.Walktothebackofthestoreandthere’sabar.Itdoesn’tservealcohol,butitcollectsadvice.___20___“ForJobs,itwasn’tjustaboutselling29millioniPadsthissummerbutentertainingthecustomeratthesametime,”Gallosays.“Whetheryourunamulti-billiondollartechcompanyorapizzarestaurant,innovationmeanscreatinganewexperienceforyourcustomers,”Jobssays.A．Dowhatyouarecuriousabout.B．Createfreshexperiences.C．Instead,you’llfindadoorkeeper.D．CarmineGallosaysthatyoucandothesame.E．ShewasgivingcookinglessonsatMacy’sforfree.F．SimplicityalsoextendstoJobs’personallife.G．JobsexplainedthatiPadwasnotjustaphonebutalifestyle.（2016·全国·高二课时练习）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThingsYouDidn’tKnowAboutStephenHawkingEvenifyoudon’tkeepacloseeyeonnewdevelopmentsinphysics,you’veprobablyheardofthefamousphysicistStephenHawking._____21_____Thesedays,weknowHawkingasabrilliantmindwhosetheoriesaredifficultforanonscientificmindtograsp.ThisiswhyitmaycomeasashocktolearnthatHawkingwasaslackerwhenitcametohisschoolstudies.___22___Withalittlemoreeffort,hebroughtthosegradesuptoaboutaverage,butnotmuchbetter.However,fromanearlyagehewasinterestedinhowthingsworked.Hehastalkedabouthowhewasknowntotakeapartclocksandradios.However,headmitshewasn’tverygoodatputtingthembacktogethersotheycouldworkagain.StephenHawkingtookalikingtomathematicsfromanearlyage,andhewouldhavelikedtohavemajoredinit._____23_____HehopedStephenwouldinsteadstudymedicine.But,forallhisinterestinscience,Stephendidn’tcareforbiology.Hehassaidthathefoundittobe“tooinexact,toodescriptive(叙述的)”._____24_____Oneproblem,however,wasthatOxforddidn’thavemathematicsasamajor.TheresultwasthatStephenwouldattendOxfordandmajorinphysics.______25______That’swhyhechosetostudyuniverse.A．HisfatherwantedtosendhimtoOxford.B．Hisfather,Frank,however,haddifferentideas.C．Actually,hefocusedonthebiggerquestions.D．Hewouldhaveratherdevotedhismindtomorepreciseconcepts.E．Infact,whenhewas9,hisgradesrankedamongtheworstinhisclass.F．However,there’remanyinterestingfactsyoumightnotknowabouthim.G．Bothhisteachersandpeersseemedtounderstandthattheyhadafuturegenius.（2022·广东·佛山一中高二阶段练习）CeciliaPaynewasborninEnglandtohighlysuccessfulparents.HerfatherwasafellowofOxfordUniversity,andhermotherwasatalentedartist.Sheshowedagreattalentformusic.___26___However,itwassciencethatstoleherheart.Hermotherhadtoldherofabeeorchid,aplantthatresembled(类似)abumblebee,andupondiscoveringthisPayne’smindwassetonpursuingacareerinscience.AsayoungadultshewonherselfascholarshiptostudyattheUniversityofCambridge’sNewnhamCollege,whereshebeganstudyingbotany,chemistryandphysics.___27___AfteronelecturegivenbyArthurEddingtononthegeneraltheoryofrelativity,Paynelostsleepthinkingaboutitsmeaning.Herdestiny(命运)hadbeenset,andfortherestofherundergraduateyearsshemajoredinphysicsandbecameabsorbedinastronomy,hertruelove.___28___ShewenttheretoworkwithHarlowShapleyandPrinceton’sHenryNorrisRussell,twoofthemostnotableresearchersinherfieldatthetime.Injusttwoyears,PaynecompletedherPhDessayonthechemicalcompositionofthestars.Herresultsprovedgroundbreaking:theSunwasmadeupmainlyofhydrogenandhelium.ButRusselldisagreedwithherfindingsastheyconflictedwiththeacceptedtheoriesoftheday.___29___HereachedthesameconclusionasPaynebydifferentmeans.PayneremainedatHarvardfortherestofheracademiccareerandgrewintoahugesuccessstory.Inthemid-1950sshemadehistoryagainbybecomingthefirstwomaninherdepartmenttobepromotedtoaprofessorship.Shediedoflungcancerin1979.___30___.A．Itwasherethatshemetthesuperstarsofphysics.B．Shewouldlatergoontobecomeaskilledpianist.C．Itchangedthewayastronomersunderstoodtheuniverse.D．PaynegaveupherstudiesunderthepressurefromRussel.E．However,Russellstatedherfindingswerecorrectfouryearslater.F．AftercompletingherstudiesintheUK,PaynesetsailforHarvard.G．Now,sheisrememberedasoneofastronomy’smostinspirationalwomen.（2021·黑龙江·农垦佳木斯学校高二期中）Asisknown,AlbertEinsteinwasoneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime.____31____Einsteinlearnedfrommakingmistakes.WhenEinsteinstartedtoworkinAmerica,someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded.Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandapencil.____32____Thisshowsthathekneweventhecleverestmanintheworldcanonlylearnbymakingmistakes.____33____Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.Einsteinconsideredtimetobeimportant.Heneverworesocks,becausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.That’swhyheneverrememberedhisownphonenumber.____34____Itistruethatifwearegoingtodogreatthingsinourlives,wecannotwastetime.Einsteinlikedtojoketoo.Inoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent!Ifweeverfeellikegivingupwhenwehaveproblems,weshouldthinkofEinstein.Whenhewasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.____35____A．Meanwhile,hewasalsostrictwithhisstudents.B．Givestudentsachancetocorrecttheirmistakes.C．Hewasalsoareallygreatperson.D．So,neverbediscouraged!E．Heknewwhatwasworthremembering.F．Einsteinwasalsoverymodest.G．Healsoneededabaskettoholdhismistakes.参考答案：1．C

2．G

3．B

4．E

5．A【导语】这是一篇人物传记。主要讲述了在阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦一开始就与众不同。1．根据上文“AlbertEinsteinheldasmall,roundinstrumentwithaglasscoverandashakingneedleinhispalm.(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦手里拿着一个小而圆的仪器，有一个玻璃罩，手掌上握着一根摇晃的针)”以及后文“Albert’sfathercalleditacompassAlbertcalleditamystery.Nomatterhowhemovedthecompass,theneedlealwayspointedtothenorth.(阿尔伯特的父亲称它为指南针，阿尔伯特称它为一个谜。无论他怎样移动罗盘，指针总是指向北方)”可知，本句应当是在说明阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦对手里这个东西的看法：好像手上有魔法。故C选项“这个五岁的孩子盯着他的手，好像手上有魔法”符合语境，故选C。2．根据上文“Puzzledandattracted,Albertlistenedtohisfatherexplainmagnetism,thestrangeforcethatmadethecompassneedlepointnorth.(阿尔伯特既迷惑又被吸引，他听父亲解释磁力——使指南针指针指向北方的奇特力量)”后文“Tomanychildrenthecompasswouldhavebeenjustanothertoy.ToAlbertthecompasswasamiraclehewouldneverforget.(对许多孩子来说，指南针只是另一个玩具。对阿尔伯特来说，指南针是他永远不会忘记的奇迹)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出虽然父亲解释了其中的原理，但阿尔伯特仍然觉得很神奇。故G选项“但是他所说的一切都没有减少这种无形的力量的神秘和奇妙”符合语境，故选G。3．根据后文“BornonMarch14,1879,Alberthadn’tlookedlikeotherbabies.Asshecradledhernew-soninherarms,PaulineEinsteinthoughtthebackofhisheadlookedstrange.(阿尔伯特出生于1879年3月14日，他和其他婴儿不一样。当波琳·爱因斯坦把她刚出生的儿子抱在怀里时，她觉得他的后脑勺看起来很奇怪)”可知，本句旨在说明阿尔伯特和别的孩子不一样，B选项Alberthadalwaysbeendifferentfromotherchildren对应后文Alberthadn’tlookedlikeotherbabies，故B选项“阿尔伯特一直和别的孩子不一样”符合语境，故选B。4．根据上文“WhenAlbertwasone,hisfamilymovedtoMunich,wherehissister,Maja,wasbornayearlater.(阿尔伯特一岁的时候。他的家人搬到了慕尼黑，一年后他的妹妹Maja在那儿出生)”以及后文“Wherewerethebaby’swheels?(婴儿的轮子在哪里？)”可知，本句是在说明阿尔伯特对婴儿的迷惑，故E选项“阿尔伯特低头看着襁褓中熟睡的小婴儿，感到迷惑不解”符合语境，故选E。5．根据上文“WhenhewenthikingwithhisparentsandMaja,hethoughtabouthisfather’scompassandwhatithadrevealedtohim.Theclear,opengrasslandswerefilledwithmorethanthewindorthepleasantsmellofflowers.(当他与父母和Maja一起去徒步旅行时，他想到了父亲的指南针，以及它给他揭示的东西。清新开阔的草原上，充满了风和花香)”可知，本句承接上文说明上文提到的这些事物对阿尔伯特的影响，A选项中they指代上文grasslands和thewindorthepleasantsmellofflowers。故A选项“它们也充满了吸引力”符合语境，故选A。6．C

7．G

8．B

9．D

10．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然，一定是一些特别的品质和性格才造就了那么多的伟人和成功人士。学习本文，让我们一起来欣赏这些成功科学家们的性格特点吧。6．C选项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人。”承接上文“Thedictionarydefinesascientistasapersonhavingprofessionalknowledgeononeormoresciences,especiallynaturalscienceorphysicalscience.(字典将科学家定义为在一门或多门科学，特别是自然科学或物理科学方面具有专业知识的人)”讲字典对科学家这一名词的解释和理解，故选C项。7．G选项“如果科学家没有发问甚至好奇的动力，就永远无法进入科学过程的第一阶段。”承接小标题“Curiosity(好奇心)”和上文“Anexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.(一个优秀的科学家必须对事物非常好奇)”讲科学家要具备的一个特征就是有好奇心，故选G项。8．B选项“很少有工作比这一项需要更长时间。”承接小标题“Patience(耐心)”和上文“Becomingascientisttakesalongtime.(成为一名科学家需要很长时间)”讲成为科学家时间很长，需要一定的耐心，故选B项。9．D选项“科学家必须诚实地报告研究结果，而不考虑个人利益或公众舆论。”和下文“Stickingtoanoldbeliefcontradictedwithevidenceisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn’tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.(坚持与证据相矛盾的旧信念是不诚实的。然而，没有强有力的证据，这种信念不应该改变)”一起表明科学家要诚实，坚持真理，这是科学家特征“Ethical(道德的)qualities(道德素质)”的体现，故选D项。10．由小标题“Workinghabits(工作习惯)”可知，下面一段主要谈到工作习惯，且下文“He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat’sneededandalsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.(他/她可以单独或在团队中很好地工作，这取决于需要什么，还需要在纸上和口头上交流想法)”就是在讲科学家的工作习惯，F选项“一个优秀的科学家甚至会记下最微小的观察结果并牢记在心。”也是一种工作习惯和方式。故选F项。11．D

12．A

13．G

14．B

15．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱因斯坦个人的一些伟大之处。11．分析句子结构可知，该空缺乏一个从句。D选项“当爱因斯坦开始在美国工作时”用When引导时间状语从句，表明下文“someoneaskedhimwhatheneeded(有人问他需要什么)”事情发生的时间点，引出下文“Hesaidheneededadesk,somepaperandpencil.(他说他需要一张桌子，一些纸和铅笔)”讲工作需要的工具。故选D项。12．该空为小标题，起总结段落作用。由下文“Manychildrenwroteletterstoaskhimforhelpwiththeirhomework.Oneday,hewrotealettertoayounggirltotellhernottoworryaboutherMathshomeworkbecausehethoughtMathswasdifficulttoo.(许多孩子写信要求他帮他们做作业。一天，他写信给一个年轻女孩，告诉她不要担心她的数学作业，因为他认为数学也很难)”可知，下文讲最伟大的科学家爱因斯坦也认为数学也很难，说明他谦虚的品质，承接下文，A选项“爱因斯坦也很谦虚”是最佳小标题。故选A项。13．由小标题“Einsteinconsideredtimetobeimportant(爱因斯坦认为时间很重要)”和上文“Heneverworesocksbecausehethoughtputtingonsockswasawasteoftimeaspeoplealreadyworeshoes.Healsothoughtrememberingthingsfoundinbookswasnotworthit.(他从不穿袜子，因为人们已经穿鞋子了，所以他认为穿袜子是浪费时间。他还认为，记住书本上的东西是不值得的)”可知，上文用具体事例讲明爱因斯坦不会做浪费时间的一些事，表明他注重时间的重要性，G选项“这就是为什么他从不记得自己的电话号码”承接上文举出另一个爱因斯坦看重时间的例子，也讲明爱因斯坦为什么会这样做。故选G项。14．由小标题“Einsteinlikedtojoketoo(爱因斯坦也喜欢开玩笑)”和“Inoneexam,astudentaskedhimwhyallthequestionswerethesameaslastyear’s.Einsteinrepliedthequestionswerethesame,buttheanswersweredifferent.(在一次考试中，一个学生问爱因斯坦为什么所有的问题都和去年的一样。爱因斯坦回答的问题都一样，但答案不同)”可知，B选项“他是一个多么幽默的人啊”承接上文讲爱因斯坦拥有幽默感。故选B项。15．分析句子结构可知，该空缺乏一个从句。由上文“WhenEinsteinwasachild,histeachersusedtosayhewasnotclever.However,Einsteinkeptworkinghardandsurprisedtheworldwithhisachievements.(爱因斯坦小时候，老师们常说他不聪明。然而，爱因斯坦一直在努力工作，他的成就令世界惊讶)”可知，爱因斯坦被老师说不聪明，也没有放弃努力工作，可见永远不要遇到问题就放弃、气馁，承接上文，F选项“如果我们遇到问题时想放弃”用If引导条件状语从句，表明下文“weshouldthinkofhim(我们应该想想他)”事情发生的条件。故选F项。16．D

17．E

18．F

19．C

20．B【分析】本文属于说明文，介绍CarmineGallo列举了乔布斯面对困境，却依然成功的四个秘诀。16．上一句“CarmineGallo列举了乔布斯面对困境，却依然成功的四个秘诀”.D选项，“你也可以从这四方面做到”切题，该选项中的“thesame”与上文“fourways”对应，故选D。17．本段的小标题就是建议人们做自己喜欢的东西，而下一句RachaelRay喜欢做饭，因此她免费教人们做饭，故选E。18．根据后一句“在乔布斯后来的日子，每天只穿同一款式的衣服，为了不必考虑穿什么”可以得出本段的大概意思，乔布斯生活过的简单，故选F。19．上句“当你走进苹果商店时，你遇见的不是收银员”，而C选项“相反，你会遇见迎宾员”与上一句形成对比关系，说明苹果商店的不一样，故选C。20．本段主要阐述乔布斯的观点，无论是高科技产品还是卖披萨之类的生活用品，都应该创新，给顾客提供新的体验，故选B。21．F

22．E

23．B

24．D

25．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描写了著名的物理学家史蒂芬·霍金的一些有趣的事情。21．根据上文“Evenifyoudon’tkeepacloseeyeonnewdevelopmentsinphysics,you’veprobablyheardofthefamousphysicistStephenHawking.(即使你不密切关注物理学的新发展，你也可能听说过著名的物理学家史蒂芬·霍金)”可知，上文提及我们很可能听说过著名物理学家霍金。再结合文章的标题“ThingsYouDidn’tKnowAboutStephenHawking(关于史蒂芬·霍金，你不知道的事情)”可推断出，设空处是要引出话题，F项“然而，关于他很多事有趣的事情我们可能并不知道”紧承上文进行论述。故选F。22．根据上文“Thesedays,weknowHawkingasabrilliantmindwhosetheoriesaredifficultforanonscientificmindtograsp.ThisiswhyitmaycomeasashocktolearnthatHawkingwasaslackerwhenitcametohisschoolstudies.(如今，我们知道霍金是一个才华横溢的人，他的理论对于一个非科学的人来说是很难掌握的。这就是为什么当得知霍金在学校学习时是个懒鬼时，人们可能会感到震惊)”可知，接下来文章要讲述霍金让人感到惊讶的事。结合后文“Withalittlemoreeffort,hebroughtthosegradesuptoaboutaverage,butnotmuchbetter.(再努力一点，他就把这些成绩提高到了平均水平，但并没有好多少)”可知，即使霍金付出很多努力，他的成绩仍然不太好，由此可知，E项“事实上，当霍金9岁时，他是班里成绩最差的学生之一”引起对下文的论述，符合语境。故选E。23．根据上文“StephenHawkingtookalikingtomathematicsfromanearlyage,andhewouldhavelikedtohavemajoredinit.(史蒂芬·霍金从小就喜欢数学，他本想主修数学)”可知，霍金小时候喜欢数学，而且本来想学数学专业的。再结合后文“HehopedStephenwouldinsteadstudymedicine.(他希望斯蒂芬改学医学)”可知，家人与霍金意见不一致。B项“然而他的父亲弗兰克有不同的观点”符合语境。故选B。24．根据上文“Hehassaidthathefoundittobe“tooinexact,toodescriptive(叙述的)””（他说，他发现它“太不精确，太具有描述性”）可知，霍金认为生物太不精确。由此可知，他想学习更加精确的专业。由此可知，D项“他宁愿在那些更为精确的概念上下功夫”符合语境。故选D。25．根据后文“That’swhyhechosetostudyuniverse.(这就是他选择研究宇宙的原因)”可知，霍金选择了研究宇宙。由此可推断，设空处讲霍金选择研究宇宙的原因。由此可知，C项“事实，也把重点放在更大的问题上”符合语境。故选C。26．B

27．A

28．F

29．E

30．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天文学家塞西莉亚·佩恩。她年轻时进入剑桥大学纽纳姆学院学习物理学、化学和植物学。后来因为她听了阿瑟·爱丁顿的广义相对论演讲，激起对天文的兴趣。后来她在天文学上取得了较大成就，第一个提出首次提出恒星主要由氢和氦所组成。26．根据上文“Sheshowedagreattalentformusic.(她表现出极大的音乐天赋。)”可知，她应在音乐上有所成就。而选项B“Shewouldlatergoontobecomeaskilledpianist.(她后来成为了一名娴熟的钢琴家)”与上文一致。故选B。27．根据下文“AfteronelecturegivenbyArthurEddingtononthegeneraltheoryofrelativity,Paynelostsleepthinkingaboutitsmeaning.(在听了阿瑟·爱丁顿关于广义相对论的讲座后，佩恩因为思考它的意义而失眠。)”可知，她开始对物理感兴趣。而选项A“Itwasherethatshemetthesuperstarsofphysics.(正是在这里，她遇到了物理学的大师。)”与下文一致。故选A。28．根据下文“ShewenttheretoworkwithHarlowShapleyandPrinceton’sHenryNorrisRussell,twoofthemostnotableresearchersinherfieldatthetime.(她去那里与哈洛·沙普利和普林斯顿大学的亨利·诺里斯·拉塞尔合作，他们是当时她所在领域最著名的两位研究人员。)”以及最后一段“PayneremainedatHarvardfortherestofheracademiccareerandgrewintoahugesuccessstory.(佩恩在哈佛度过了她余下的学术生涯，并成长为一个成功人士。)”可知，佩恩是去了哈佛大学。选项F“AftercompletingherstudiesintheUK,PaynesetsailforHarvard.(在英国完成学业后，佩恩前往哈佛大学求学。)”正是说她去了哈佛大学。故选F。29．根据下文“HereachedthesameconclusionasPaynebydifferentmeans.(他以不同的方式得出了与佩恩相同的结论。)”可推断出，佩恩的结论是正确的。选项E“However,Russellstatedh