专题02 名词+阅读理解+完成句子-【查漏补缺】冲刺2023年中考英语高分之易错题组合练（重庆专用）（解析版）

备战2023年重庆中考英语三轮复习易错题组合练专题02名词+阅读理解+完成句子易错分析（解析版）易错分析易错点1近义名词辨析常考名词辨析information，message与newsjob与worknoise，sound与voiceplace，room与spacequestion与problemhome，house与familyadvice与suggestion易错点2名词的数1.可数名词不规则变化表（规则变化略）构成方法举例a变eman-men,woman-womenoo变eefoot-feet,tooth-teeth单复同形people；family；3动物（fish，sheep，deer），2国家人（Chinese,Japanese）其他形式mouse-mice，child-children2.常见不可数名词类别举例饮食类food，drink，water，bread，rice，meat，beef，milk，tea，coffee，juice，soup，oil学科类maths，geography，physics，chemistry自然类weather，rain，air,grass,snow，sand抽象time，advice，information，news，homework，fun,knowledge3.常见既可作可数又可作不可数的名词:名词可数不可数room房间空间orange橘子橙汁time次数；倍数时间chicken小鸡鸡肉exercise练习；（早）操锻炼experience经历经验易错点3名词所有格1.’s型所有格分别拥有与共同拥有2.of型所有格3.双重所有格易错点4名词作定语1.一般情况，名词修饰名词，前面的名词需用单数形式，只有3个词例外，那就是man,woman和sports.man和woman修饰复数名词的时候要变复数，如menteachers,womendoctorssports修饰名词时都用复数形式2.含有连字符afive-yearplanafive-year-oldboy易错演练1．（2022·重庆·统考一模）Thehospitalis_________fromhere.A．fortyminutes’swalk B．fortyminute’swalk C．fortyminuteswalk D．fortyminutes’walk【答案】D【详解】句意：医院离这里有40分钟的步行路程。考查名词所有格。根据句中“fromhere”提示，此处指的是医院距离此处有40分钟的步行路程。fortyminutes’walk表示“40分钟的步行路程”，故选D。2．（2022·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考一模）Anumberof_______doctorsdidagoodjobinthefightagainstCOVID-19.A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s【答案】C【详解】句意：许多女医生在抗击新冠肺炎方面表现出色。考查复合名词的复数形式。woman妇女，名词单数形式；woman’s女人的，名词单数形式的名词所有格；women名词复数形式；women’s复数形式的名词所有格。Anumberof“许多”修饰复数名词；根据语境，可知此处表达的是“女医生们”，应用“man/woman+名词”构成的复合名词，变成复数形式时，两个词都要变成复数，即womendoctors。故选C。3．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）Ihearwewillhavea______holidayin______.A．twoday's；twoday'stime B．two-day；twoday'stimeC．two-day；twodays'time D．twodays；two-daytime【答案】C【详解】句意：我听说我们在两天之后将有两天的假期。考查复合形容词和名词所有格的用法。twoday's两天的，名词所有格形式，但是表达错误，因day是可数名词，所以“两天的”的英文是twodays'；two-day两天的，复合形容词作定语，修饰名词；twodays两天，名词词组。第一空缺少定语修饰名词holiday，故排除AD；第二空指在两天之后，day“天”，是可数名词，所以“两天的时间”的英文表达是twodays'time，故排除B。故选C。4．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）ZhongNanshan,doctor,becameaheroagaininthefightagainstCOVID-19（新冠肺炎)inthespringof2020.A．a83-year-old B．an83-year-old C．an83yearsold D．a83years'old【答案】B【详解】句意：钟南山，一位83岁的医生，2020年春天在抗击新冠肺炎的斗争中再次成为了一名英雄。考查复合词作定语。83首字母发音为元音音素，用an，首先排除AD两项。其次空格处作定语，用连字符连接，且名词用单数，即83-year-old。而C选项常常用作表语。故选B。5．（2022·重庆渝北·统考模拟预测）________Dayisaspecialholidayforustoshowourloveforourmothers.A．Mother B．Mothers C．Mother’s D．Mothers’【答案】C【详解】句意：母亲节是一个特殊的节日，让我们表达我们对母亲的爱。考查专有名词。根据“aspecialholidayforustoshowourloveforourmothers”可知此处指母亲节，即“妈妈的节日”，一个人只有一个妈妈，用名词所有格mother’s，此处用专有名词Mother’sDay表示“母亲节”。故选C。6．（2022·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考模拟预测）Therearemany________alongthestreet.Youcangointoanyoneyoulike.A．shoestore B．shoestores C．shoesstore D．shoesstores【答案】B【详解】句意：沿街有很多鞋店。你可以进入你喜欢的任何一个。考查名词作定语。此处是shoe作定语，修饰store；当表示复数概念时，shoe不变，store需变为复数，故选B。7．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）Tomrunssixmileseverymorning,soheisinveryexcellent________.A．suggestion B．condition C．tradition D．pollution【答案】B【详解】句意：汤姆每天早上跑六英里，所以他有好的健康状况。考查名词辨析。suggestion建议；condition状况；tradition传统；pollution污染。根据“Tomrunssixmileseverymorning”可知每天早上跑步应该是健康状况好。故选B。8．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）Eddieeats_________foodeveryday.Hobothinksheneedssome_________.A．toomuch;exercises B．toomany;exercisesC．toomany;exercise D．toomuch;exercise【答案】D【详解】试题分析：句意：Eddie每天吃太多的食物。Hobo认为他需要一些锻炼。此题考查固定短语toomuch+不可数名词，太多的……，因为exercise当锻炼讲是不可数名词，根据句意，故选D。9．（2022春·重庆沙坪坝·九年级校考期中）Lookat________.Howtidyitis!A．Lucy’sandLily’srooms B．Lucy’sandLily’sroomC．LucyandLily’srooms D．LucyandLily’sroom【答案】D【详解】句意：看露西和丽丽的房间。它是多么整洁呀！考查名词所有格。根据“itis”可知，“露西和丽丽”共有一个房间，表示两人共有的房间，只在最后一个名字后加’s，且room用单数。故选D。10．（2022·重庆九龙坡·校联考模拟预测）—Whatkindofnoodlesdoyouprefer?—The_________noodles,ofcourse.A．eggandtomato B．eggsandtomatoC．eggandtomatoes D．eggsandtomatoes【答案】A【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么样的面条？——当然是鸡蛋西红柿面。考查名词辨析。此空作定语修饰名词noodles，名词要用单数形式，故选A。11．（2022秋·九年级课时练习）Myparents________thatItakemyteacher’s________.A．advice;advise B．advise;advice C．advices;advises D．advises;advices【答案】B【详解】句意：我父母建议我接受老师的建议。考查动词和名词辨析。advise“建议”，动词；advice“建议”，名词。根据主语为“Myparents”，时态为一般现在时可知，第一空要用动词原形；再根据“Itakemyteacher’s...”可知，takeone’sadvice“采纳某人的建议”，advice是不可数名词，无复数形式。故选B。12．（2023春·全国·九年级专题练习）Therearesome________and________inthefridge（冰箱）.A．tomatos;milk B．tomatos;milks C．tomatoes;milk D．tomatoes;milks【答案】C【详解】句意：在冰箱里有一些西红柿和牛奶。考查名词的数。根据“Thereare”可知，第一个空应该填可数名词复数，tomato变复数需要在末尾加es，故排除A和B。又因milk“牛奶”为不可数名词，故选C。13．（2023·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—Whydoyouthinkspringisthemostbeautiful?—Ilovespringbecausewhenspringcomes,the______alloverthemountainsturngreen.A．leaf B．leafs C．leafes D．leaves【答案】D【详解】句意：——为什么你认为春天是最漂亮的？——我喜欢春天，因为当春天来的时候漫山遍野的树叶会变绿。考查名词。根据“alloverthemountainsturngreen”可知，此处“leaf”应该用复数。名词“leaf”的复数形式是“leaves”。故选D。14．（2023·全国·模拟预测）TheInternetisveryuseful.Wecangetmuch________fromit.A．idea B．message C．game D．information【答案】D【详解】句意：互联网非常有用。我们可以从中得到很多信息。考查名词辨析。idea想法；message信息；game游戏；information消息。much修饰不可数名词，而ABC都是可数名词，故选D。15．（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）UncleTomkeepsmany________onhisfarmandlivesahappylifethere.A．cat B．dog C．sheep D．chicken【答案】C【详解】句意：汤姆叔叔在他的农场里养了很多羊，过着幸福的生活。考查名词辨析。cat猫，可数名词；dog狗，可数名词；sheep羊，是单数也是复数；chicken鸡，可数名词。根据many可知，此空应填复数形式，故选C。16．（2023·天津红桥·统考模拟预测）MissZhangisverypatientwithus,soweseeherasafriendof________.A．us B．we C．ours D．theirs【答案】C【详解】句意：张老师对我们很有耐心，所以我们把她看作是我们的朋友。考查名词性物主代词。us我们，宾格；we我们主格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“afriendof...”可知，此处为双重所有格，空处应填写名词性物主代词，由“we”可知，用ours。故选C。17．（2022·重庆巴南·校联考模拟预测）Many________wenttoShanghaitohelpthepatientsatthebeginningofthismonth.A．womandoctors B．womendoctor C．womandoctor D．womendoctors【答案】D【详解】句意：本月初，许多女医生去上海帮助病人。考查复合名词的数。womandoctor表示“女医生”，为复合名词。根据空前的“Many”可知，要用名词复数；由man或woman组合的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数；因此womandoctor的复数为womendoctors。故选D。18．（2023·新疆·统考一模）—Youlooksoyoung,MrsGreen.Couldyoutellmehowoldyouare?—Oh,sorry.It’sa(n)________.A．problem B．instruction C．secret D．business【答案】C【详解】句意：——格林夫人，你看起来好年轻。可以告诉我你的年纪吗？——噢，对不起。这是一个秘密。考查名词辨析。problem“问题”；instruction“指导”；secret“秘密”；business“生意”。从题干可知，格林夫人不想告知，年龄是个秘密。选项C符合。故选C。19．（2023·湖北武汉·统考一模）—CanIhelpyou,sir?—Yes,please.I’dlike________.A．twocupoftea B．twocupsofteas C．twocupofteas D．twocupsoftea【答案】D【详解】句意：——先生，我可以帮助你吗？——是的。我想要两杯茶。考查不可数名词的表达。tea是不可数名词，没有复数形式，acupof“一杯”，根据two可知，cup用复数形式，故选D。20．（2022·河北石家庄·统考二模）Dr.Zhonggaveusmuch________onhowtoprotectourselvesfromthevirus.A．idea B．suggestion C．advice D．tip【答案】C【详解】句意：钟医生给了我们许多关于保护我们自己免受病毒危害的建议。考查名词辨析。idea想法，可数名词；suggestion建议，可数名词；advice建议，不可数名词；tip提示，可数名词。根据“much”可知此处应填不可数名词，故选C。21．（2022秋·河北石家庄·九年级统考期中）Anewstudyshowsa________walkeverydayisenoughtokeepthin.A．30minutes’ B．30minute’s C．30-minutes D．30minute【答案】A【详解】句意：一项新的研究表明，每天散步30分钟足以保持苗条。考查名词所有格。空格后是名词，此处用形容词或名词所有格，复合形容词的表达方式为：数词-名词单数；排除C；此处要用复数名词的所有格，结合选项可知，选项A正确。故选A。22．（2022秋·九年级课时练习）Couldyougiveus________onhowtoprotectthewildanimals?A．anadvice B．someadvices C．someadvice D．advices【答案】C【详解】句意：你能给我们一些关于如何保护野生动物的建议吗？考查advice的用法。advice“建议”，不可数名词，someadvice“一些建议”。故选C。23．（2022秋·九年级课时练习）Therearelotsof________betweenEnglishnamesandChinesenames.A．different B．differently C．difference D．differences【答案】D【详解】句意：英文名和中文名之间有很多的不同之处。考查可数名词的复数。different不同的，形容词；differently不同地，副词；difference不同，名词单数；differences不同，名词复数。根据“Therearelotsof...”可知，后跟可数名词复数。故选D。24．（2021秋·广西贵港·九年级统考期中）一Excuseme,IwanttovisitMr.Black.Couldyoupleasetellmehis________?一Sure.Heismyneighbor.Justfollowme.A．warmth B．stranger C．relative D．address【答案】D【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我想去拜访布兰克先生。请问你能告诉我他的地址吗？——当然。他是我的邻居，跟我来吧。考查名词辨析。warmth温暖；stranger陌生人；relative亲戚；address地址，位置。由“IwanttovisitMr.Black.Couldyoupleasetellmehis...?”及“Sure.Heismyneighbor.Justfollowme.”可知问句说话人在询问李先生的地址。故选D。25．（2021秋·四川攀枝花·九年级统考期中）MissGreenalwaystreatsherstudentswith________and________,sosheishonoredbyheadmaster.A．kind;warm B．kindness;warm C．kind;warmth D．kindness;warmth【答案】D【详解】句意：格林小姐对她的学生总是很友好和热情，因此她受到校长的尊敬。考查名词辨析。kind善良的，形容词；kindness善良，名词；warm温暖的，形容词；warmth温暖，名词。根据“and”可知，两个空格为并列结构，所以词性一样，排除选项B和C；再根据“with”和逗号可知，空格应用名词形式，即kindness和warmth。故选D。26．（2021秋·安徽安庆·九年级安庆市石化第一中学校考期中）Atlast,thepooroldmanwas________.Butpeopledidn’tknowthereasonforhis________.A．died;death B．dead;death C．death;dead D．die;dead【答案】B【详解】句意：最后，可怜的老人死了。但是人们不知道他的死因。考查词义辨析。died死亡，动词过去式；dead死的，形容词；death死亡，名词；die死，动词原形。第一处在句中作表语，用形容词；第二处在介词后作宾语，用名词。故选B。27．（2022秋·九年级单元测试）Canyouofferme_________useful_________.A．some,advices B．apieceof,adviceC．apieceof,suggestion D．some,suggestion【答案】B【详解】句意：你能给我一条有用的建议吗？考查名词辨析。advice建议，是不可数名词；suggestion建议，可数名词。A选项advices错误，排除；D选项suggestion被some修饰，应用复数。advice是不可数名词，可以用量词apieceof“一条”修饰，故选B。28．（2022春·九年级单元测试）Theyhavelotsof______todo,sotheydon’thaveenoughtimetotrymore_______.A．exercise;exercises B．exercises;exerciseC．exercises;exercises D．exercise;exercise【答案】B【详解】句意：他们有很多练习题要做，所以没有足够时间锻炼更多。考查名词用法。exercise作可数名词时，表“练习题”；作不可数名词时，表“锻炼”。根据语境可知，由于课业较多，没时间锻炼。故选B。29．（2022·安徽·模拟预测）—Couldyougivemesome________onlearningEnglish?—Ithinkyoushoulddomorereading.A．advice B．newsC．messages D．information【答案】A【详解】句意：——你可以给我一些关于学英语的建议吗？——我认为你应该多阅读。考查名词辨析。advice建议，不可数名词；news新闻，不可数名词；messages消息，可数名词；information信息，不可数名词。根据回答“你应该多阅读”可知，回答的是建议的内容。故选A。30．（2020·广西南宁·南宁十四中校考三模）—Peteroftenanswerstheteacher’s________inclass,doesn’the?—Yes,heisveryactive.A．problems B．questions C．messages D．difficulties【答案】B【详解】句意：——彼得经常在课堂上回答老师的问题，不是吗？——是的。他非常活跃。考查名词辨析。problems难题；questions问题；messages信息；difficulties困难。根据谓语动词“answers”可知，此处对应的宾语为“questions”。故选B。阅读理解（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模）AHowtimeflies.It’sbeen3monthssinceIcametoChina.I’mhavingagreattimeonmystudentexchangeprogramhere.Sofar,I’vecompletelygotusedtothelifehere,whichistotallydifferentfromthatinEngland.IhaveknownalotabouttraditionalChineseculture.I’dliketosharesomewithyou.InChina,therearemanydifferentkindsoftraditionalartforms,suchaspapercutting,Chineseclayartandsoon.Amongthem,thekiteinterestsmemost.ThefirstancientChinesekiteappearedmorethan2,000yearsago.ThenflyingkiteswasspreadintoJapan,KoreaandMalaysiaduringtheTangDynastyandtheSongDynasty.Kitesareregardedastheearliestcraft(飞行器).Theyplayedanimportantroleintheprocessofinventingtheplane.TeacultureisimportantinChina.Teawasdiscoveredasakindofdrinkbyaccidentabout5,000yearsago.ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Itdidn’tappearinEnglanduntilaround1660.TheteatradefromChinatoWesterncountriestookplaceinthe19thcentury.Nowteahasbecomeoneofthemostpopulardrinksaroundtheworld.Lastly,I’dliketotellyousomethingaboutoneofthetraditionalChinesefestivals—theMid-AutumnFestival.ItisonthefifteenthdayoftheeighthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar(阴历).ChinesepeoplehavebeencelebratingtheMid-AutumnFestivalandenjoyingmooncakesforcenturies.Ifyou’dliketoknowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture,Iwilltalkaboutitinthenextletter.Bestwishes!Yours,John31．Fromthispassage,weknowthatJohnSmithisfrom________.A．Canada B．theUS C．theUK D．France32．Whichofthefollowingisn’tatraditionalChineseartform?A．Papercutting. B．Chineseclayart.C．TheMid-AutumnFestival. D．Kites.33．JohnwrotethislettertoDavidinordertoA．sharesomethingabouttraditionalChineseculturewithhimB．tellhimtheteatradefromWesterncountiestoChinatookplaceinthe19thcenturyC．lethimknowtheMid-AutumnFestivalisinAugusteveryyearD．tellhimteawasbroughttoJapanafterKoreaduringthe6thcentury【答案】31．C32．C33．A【导语】本文主要是外国交流生John给David写的一封信，信中介绍中国文化。31．细节理解题。根据“Sofar,I’vecompletelygotusedtothelifehere,whichistotallydifferentfromthatinEngland.”可知，约翰来自英国。故选C。32．细节理解题。根据“InChina,therearemanydifferentkindsoftraditionalartforms,suchaspapercutting,Chineseclayartandsoon.Amongthem,thekiteinterestsmemost.”可知，剪纸，中国陶艺，风筝都是中国的艺术形式。中秋节不是艺术形式。故选C。33．细节理解题。根据“Ifyou’dliketoknowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture,Iwilltalkaboutitinthenextletter.”可知约翰给大卫写这封信，主要是向他介绍一些中国传统文化。故选A。B（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模）2021istheyearoftheox（牛）.InMarch,asetofstampsaboutthefamousTangDynastypainting,FiveOxen,cameout.ItallowsmorepeopletoknowbetterthegreatartofancientChina,aswellastheimportanceofagriculture（农业）inhistory.HanHuang(723-787)wasthepainterofFiveOxen.HeworkedasagovernmentofficialintheTangDynasty.Hispaintingswerelovedbymanybecausetheanimalshepaintedweresoalive.Unluckily,FiveOxenisprobablyhisonlypaintingleft.FiveOxenisoneofthebestanimalpaintingsinChina’sarthistory.Inthepainting,thefiveoxenareinaline.Theyareofdifferentcolorsandshapes.Andeachhasadifferentappearance（形态）,walkingorstanding,holdingtheirheadshighorlow.Withlivelyexpressionsandbrighteyes,theoxenshowthespiritofdoinghardworkwithoutcomplaints（抱怨）.Asthenamesuggests,▲.Itmakespeoplefocus（关注）ontheoxenthemselves.Thepaintingwasmissingin1900.Luckily,itreturnedtoChinaduringtheearly1950s.However,itwasterriblybrokenwithmanyholesinit.Greateffortsweremadetosaveit.NowFiveOxen,probablytheoldestChinesepaintingonpaper,iskeptwithcareinthePalaceMuseuminBeijing.34．Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph1refersto“________”.A．Theyearoftheox B．ThesetofstampsC．TheTangDynasty D．ThepaintingFiveOxen35．HanHuang’spaintingswerelovedbymanybecausetheanimalshepaintedwereso________.A．alive B．bright C．lucky D．colorful36．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe▲?A．theoxisverypopularintheTangDynastyB．theoxisasymbolofChinesetraditionalcultureC．thepaintingisofthefiveoxenwithnospecialbackgroundD．thepaintingwantstotellpeopletoworkhardandcreatively37．Thispassagemainlywantstotellusthat________.A．FiveOxenisHan’sonlypaintingleft B．oxenhavedifferentcolorsandshapesC．oxenareveryhard-workinganimals D．FiveOxenisvaluableandmeaningful【答案】34．B35．A36．C37．D【导语】本文介绍了《五牛图》的作者以及画的内容。34．词义猜测题。根据“InMarch,asetofstampsaboutthefamousTangDynastypainting,FiveOxen,cameout.”可知，it指代前文提到的《五牛图》的邮票，故选B。35．细节理解题。根据“Hispaintingswerelovedbymanybecausetheanimalshepaintedweresoalive”可知，因为他画的动物很生动，故选A。36．句意猜测题。根据后文“Itmakespeoplefocus（关注）ontheoxenthemselves”可知，这幅图只是让人们关注牛本身，而无其他的特殊意思，所以此处应介绍这副图的背景内容，C选项“这幅画是五头公牛，没有特殊的背景”符合，故选C。37．主旨大意题。根据“FiveOxenisoneofthebestanimalpaintingsinChina’sarthistory”及“NowFiveOxen,probablytheoldestChinesepaintingonpaper,iskeptwithcareinthePalaceMuseuminBeijing”可知，本文主要想告诉读者这幅图的价值和意义，故选D。C（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模）Doyouwashyourclothesyourself?Doyouprefertowashyourclothesbyhandoruseawashingmachine?Lastweek,mywashingmachinestoppedworkingandwouldn’twashmyclothes.Itriedtofixitbysearchingonline,buttherepairsweretooexpensive.Then,thisweek,mydaughter’solderwashingmachinealsobrokedown.Itriedtofixitmyself,butitwasbeyondrepair.Unfortunately,Ihadtobuytwonewmachinesnow.Butthen,amemoryfrommychildhoodcamefloodingback.IrememberedwatchingmyNanauseanold-fashionedwashingmachinetowashmydirtyclothes.Thismachinedidn’thaveaspincycle(甩干模式),soNanawouldsqueezeout(挤出)everydropofwaterfromeachpieceofclothingthroughapairofrollers(滚轮).Once,Ievencaughtmyfingersinthem,whichwasverypainful.Afterwashingtheclothes,Nanawouldpatthemachinelovinglybeforehangingthemoutsideontheclotheslinetodry.Shegrewuphand-washingclothes,sohavingamachinethatdidmostoftheworkwasagreathelptoher.Thinkingbackonthismemorymademerealizesomethingimportant.Ihavemoreluxuries(奢侈品)thanmyNana,mom,anddadhadwhentheywereyounger.Insteadoffocusingonmodern-dayproblems,IshouldfeelluckyforwhatIhaveandwhoIam.It’seasytogetcaughtupinourownworld,butrememberingwherewecamefromandhowfarwe’vecomecanhelpusappreciatewhatwehavetoday.Andwhoknows?Maybesomedaywe’lllookbackonthesemomentsasthegoodolddaystoo.Weshouldtakeamomenttoappreciatethelittlethingsinlife,whetherit’sawarmcupofteaorthesoundofbirdschirpinginthemorning.It’sthesimplethingsthatmakelifeworthliving.38．Howdidtheauthorfirstreacttoherdaughter’swashingmachine?A．Sheexchangeditwithhers.B．Sheaskedsomebodytorepairit.C．Sheboughtanotheroneonline.D．Shetriedtofixitherselfbutfailed.39．Whatchildhoodmemorydidtheauthorthinkof?A．WatchingherNanawashclothes.B．Hergrandma’shardlifeasachild.C．Herfirstexperienceofwashingclothesbyhand.D．Gettinghurtbyusingawashingmachine.40．Afterwashingclothes,Nanawouldpatthemachine,showingthat________.A．shethoughtthemachinewaslikeapoorpetB．shewasthankfulforhavingthismachineC．shewantedtoreplaceitwithanewoneD．shedidn’tthinkitwasuseful41．Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromherchildhoodmemory?A．Focusonmodern-dayproblems.B．Appreciatewhatwehavetoday.C．Dreamofhavingmoreluxuries.D．Trytomakelifeworthrecalling.【答案】38．D39．A40．B41．B【导语】本文讲述作者因为连续糟糕的经历而心烦，回忆起小时候妈妈因为有台老式洗衣机就很感激的事，告诉我们生活虽苦，但也有欢乐，重要的是我们如何生活以及从它们身上学到什么。38．细节理解题。根据“Then,thisweek,mydaughter’solderwashingmachinealsobrokedown.Itriedtofixitmyself,butitwasbeyondrepair.”可知，作者起初尝试自己修理，但是失败了，故选D。39．细节理解题。根据“Butthen,amemoryfrommychildhoodcamefloodingback.IrememberedwatchingmyNanauseanold-fashionedwashingmachinetowashmydirtyclothes.”可知，作者想到了小时候看奶奶洗衣服的事情，故选A。40．推理判断题。根据“Afterwashingtheclothes,Nanawouldpatthemachinelovinglybeforehangingthemoutsideontheclotheslinetodry.Shogrewuphand-washingclothes,sohavingamachinethatdidmostoftheworkwasagreathelptoher.”可知，洗完衣服奶奶会亲切地拍拍洗衣机，然后把衣服晾在外面的晾衣绳上晾干。她是手洗衣服长大的，所以有一台洗衣服的机器帮了她很大的忙。所以奶奶拍拍洗衣机是因为她很感激拥有这台机器，故选B。41．细节理解题。根据“Insteadoffocusingonmodern-dayproblems,IshouldfeelluckyforwhatIhaveandwhoIam.It’seasytogetcaughtupinourownworld,butrememberingwherewecamefromandhowfarwe’vecomecanhelpusappreciatewhatwehavetoday.”可知，作者认为应该为我们所拥有的和自己是谁而感到幸运，珍惜我们今天所拥有的。故选B。D（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模）China’sfirstfemalepilotsfortheJ-11Bfighterjet(战斗机)haverecentlycompletedtheirfirstsoloflight.“Wehaveprovedthatfemalepilotscandothesamethingsasmen;wecanoperateheavycombatfighters,YanZhongyue,oneofthefivefemalepilotsfromXi’anFlyingCollegeoftheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyAirForce,toldGlobalTimes.Thefivefemalepilots,atanaverageageof23,havehadstricttrainingandtests.Duringthesoloflight,theyflewalongtheleftboundaryofcertainairspaceandperformedstunts(特技)totesttheirsituationalawarenessandtactical(战术的)skills.“Ifyouwanttofly8fighterjet,yourpayload(载荷)willbelarger,whichwillcausemoredamagetoyourbody,”saidRuiPingfan,afemalepilotoftheJ-11Bfighterjet.“ButIwanttoflyfighterjets.”Besidestoughphysicaltrainingandtrainingoftacticalskillsintheair,thefemalepilotsweretaughthowtoteamwithotherpilotstoperformcomplexmovesinbattles.Althoughfemalepilotsareweakinphysicalstrengthcomparedwithmen,theyhavetheirownadvantages.They’reoftenmorecareful,patient,andbetterabletodealwithstress.“Flyingthesejetsisnotaboutarmwrestling(扳手腕).Whatmattersisdecision-makingandcontrolofthejets,”Yansaid.“Withstrongerenduranceandtolerance,womenwouldbebetteradaptingtolong-hourfighting.”TrainingfemalefighterpilotsisanimportantmovetoimprovethequalityoftheAirForce’stalentpool.42．WhatdoweknowaboutChina’sfirstgroupoffemalepilotsforJ-11Bfighterjet?A．Theywerechosenfromflyingcollegesacrossthecountry.B．Theyhavefinishedtheirfirstsoloflightsuccessfully.C．Theyhavepassedthesametestasmalepilots.D．Theyareonlytrainedtooperateheavycombatfighters.43．Howdidthefemalepilotsfeelaftertheirfirstsoloflight?A．Nervous. B．Disappointed. C．Interested. D．Confident.44．AccordingtoRuiPingfan,_________.A．flyingfighterjetscausesmoredamagetofemalesthantomalesB．performingcomplexmovesisthekeytowinningbattlesC．womenarebetteratadaptingtolong-hourfightingthanmenD．sheiswillingtoflyfighterjetsthoughitmaycausedamage45．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Womenintheair B．ThefirstsoloflightoffemalepilotsC．Strongwomenpilots D．Theimportanceoftrainingfemalepilots【答案】42．B43．D44．D45．B【导语】本文主要讲J-11B战斗机的女飞行员成功完成她们的第一次单飞。42．细节理解题。根据“China’sfirstfemalepilotsfortheJ-11Bfighterjet(战斗机)haverecentlycompletedtheirfirstsoloflight.”可知女飞行员成功完成她们的第一次单飞。故选B。43．推理判断题。根据“Wehaveprovedthatfemalepilotscandothesamethingsasmen;wecanoperateheavycombatfighters”可知通过飞行员的话，可以看出她们不比男飞行员差，她们也可以操作重的战斗机。说明现在女飞行员们很自信，故选D。44．细节理解题。根据“‘Ifyouwanttofly8fighterjet,yourpayload(载荷)willbelarger,whichwillcausemoredamagetoyourbody,’saidRuiPingfan,afemalepilotoftheJ-11Bfighterjet.‘ButIwanttoflyfighterjets.’”可知尽管会对身体造成损害，但是她仍然想要飞行战斗机，故选D。45．最佳标题题。根据“China’sfirstfemalepilotsfortheJ-11Bfighterjet(战斗机)haverecentlycompletedtheirfirstsoloflight.”可知本文要讲J-11B战斗机的女飞行员成功完成她们的第一次单飞。故选B。E（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模）ChatGPTisbackintheheadlines.OpenAI,thecompanybehindthepopularchatbothasnowintroducedapowerfulnewlanguagemodel:GPT-4.OnMarch14,GPT-4showedtheworldhowsmarteritisthanthepreviousGPT-3.5.Oneofitsbestnewfeaturesisthatitcanunderstandpictures.Forexample,ifyoushowapictureofaphoneusingthewrongcharger,GPT-4cantellwhythepicturelooksstrangeorfunny.ButGPT-4’sdevelopmentsdon’tstopthere.ThenewlanguagemodelcancodeclassicgameslikeTetris(俄罗斯方块)inamatterofminutes,andproducethecodeandlayout(布局)forawebsitebasedonahandmadedrawing.Itcanalsochangethetoneandstylebasedonwhatyouaskittodo.GPT-4ismuchbetterthantheolderGPTatpassingtests,whichmayworryteachers.AccordingtoCNN,GPT-4didreallywellonalawschooltest,withascoreinthetop10percentoftesttakers.ButGPT-3.5onlygotascoreinthebottom10percent.GPT-4willalsoseegreateruseasatooltopowerotherappsandservices.Forexample,thelanguageleaningappDuolingoplanstouseGPT-4intheirupcomingDuolingoMaxfunction(功能).UserscanlearnlanguagebytalkingwithAI.Anotherapp,BeMyEyes,willhaveadigitalassistanttohelpblindpeoplebetterunderstandtheworldaroundthem.ThegovernmentofIcelandalsoplanstouseGPT-4toprotecttheIcelandiclanguage.Therearestillproblemswiththenewlanguagemodel,however.GPT-4stillstrugglestogetcompletelycorrectanswers,especiallywithnewerinformationafterSeptember2021.GPT-4alsosometimes“hallucinates”,meaningthatitwillinsistthatwronginformationistrue.46．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．GPT-3.5cannotunderstandpictures.B．GPT-4canrespondinafunway.C．GPT-4cantellifaphoneisrecharging.D．GPT-4cancreatefunnypictures.47．Theunderlinedphrase“inamatterofminutes”inparagraph3showsthatA．gameslikeTetrisareeasytocodeB．GPT-4cancodegameslikeTetrisquicklyC．hand-madedrawingshelpGPT4workbetterD．anyonecancodegamesusingGPT-448．WhatdoesGPT4“hallucinates”meaninthetext?A．Itcouldn’tgetcorrectanswersbeforeSept2021.B．Itmaynottellthepastfromthepresent.C．Itsanswersarepartlyrightandpartlywrong.D．Itisunabletodecidewhethertheinformationistrueornot.49．Whichofthefollowingisthebestwaytodividethepassageintothreeparts?A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤【答案】46．A47．B48．D49．A【导语】本文主要讲GPT-4的一些强大功能及仍然存在的问题。46．推理判断题。根据“OnMarch14,GPT-4showedtheworldhowsmarteritisthanthepreviousGPT-3.5.Oneofitsbestnewfeaturesisthatitcanunderstandpictures.”可知GPT-4可以理解图片，比GPT-3.5要智能，即GPT-3.5不能理解图片。故选A。47．细节理解题。根据“ButGPT-4’sdevelopmentsdon’tstopthere.Thenewlangu