山西省大同市煤矿第四中学2025届高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析

山西省大同市煤矿第四中学2025届高三下第一次测试英语试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Takingtargetedmeasurestohelppeopleliftthemselvesoutofpoverty,_____hasbeenpredicted,isfruitful.A．whatB．whichC．asD．that2．makesmestressedistheentranceexaminationiscomingnearerandnearer.A．It;what B．What;that C．What;what D．That;that3．Thefirstsnowdidn’tfalluntilFebruaryinourprovincethisyear,________wasunexpected.A．it B．which C．that D．what4．Sinceyouaremydaughter'sclassmate,we'dliketo______you_______tonight.A．put;down B．put;in C．put;off D．put;up5．Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool,_____theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni（校友）fromhomeandabroad.A．Attend B．Toattend C．Attending D．Havingattended6．Forallthefailureofhisbusiness,heremainsoptimisticand________untroubledbyhisproblems.A．hopefully B．seeminglyC．rarely D．frequently7．-Oh,wehavefinishedourtaskandcanhaveagoodrest．-________．Ourmanagertookanotherorderyesterday．A．Yes,itwill B．Idon'ttakemuchofitC．It'spossible D．It'shardtosay8．Mikeislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoeshisboss.A．serves B．satisfiesC．promises D．supports9．Manypeoplemaybesurprisedbythenumberofchemicalsthattheyare________tothrougheverydayhouseholdproducts.A．devoted B．addicted C．exposed D．applied10．Ourcountryhaslaunchedacampaigntobansmokinginpublicplaces,whichwithsomeheavysmokers.A．concernsB．wasconcernedC．concernedD．isconcerned11．Youcanneverbe________whencrossingthestreet.A．verycareful B．toocareful C．carefullyenough D．enoughcareful12．You________havebookedtheticketsinadvance;therewereplentyleft.A．needn’t B．can’tC．shouldn’t D．mustn’t13．Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity,butitwillbesometime_________thesituationimproves.A．since B．whenC．unless D．before14．Idon’tthinkRosemarywillbeupsetaboutit,butI’llgotoseeherincaseshe_______.A．is B．willbe C．does D．need15．Withthedevelopmentofeconomy，ourincomehasincreased________10%inlessthanayear.A．forB．byC．onD．at16．Intheearlymorningallofusstoodatthetopofthemountain___________eastofthecity,watching__________burningsunrising.A．/;a B．the;aC．the;the D．/;the17．Hefelt________ofcheatingintheexam,decidingnevertodosuchthingsagain.A．shame B．ashamedC．sorry D．shameful18．---I’llsendyouthesignedcontractpersonallythistimetomorrow.---Sorry,I______ameetingthen.A．amattending B．attendedC．haveattended D．willbeattending19．Look,____fashionableclothesisshewearingthatalltheeyesarefixedonher!A．so B．such C．how D．what20．Youcan’timaginehowexcitedwewere________thatourschoolmateshadwonthefirstplaceinNationalRobotCompetition.A．learning B．havinglearnedC．tobelearning D．tolearn第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Ifyou’veeverhadtochopanonion，youprobablyknowthatit’soneofthemostannoyingcookingexperiences．Itjustfillsyoureyeswithtears．Scientistsandfarmershavebeenworkingonasolutiontothisproblemfordecades，andthey’veapparentlycomeupwithatearlessonion．Calledthe“Sunion”，thisnewvegetableistheresultofanaturalcross-breedingprogramthat’sbeengoingonfarmsinNevadaandWashingtonsincethe1980s．It’ssupposedlyasweet，mild-tastingonionthatdoesn’tleavethatstrong，pungentaftertaste，butwhatreallysetsitapartfrommostotheronionvarietiesisthatitdoesn’tcausetearyeyeswhenit’schopped．Whenyoucutintoanormalonion，itreleasesacompoundcalledlachrymatory-factorsynthase，and’whenthathitsyoureyes，yourbodyproducestears．Now，theinterestingthingaboutregularonionsisthattheamountsoflachrymatory-factorsynthaseincreasethelongerthevegetablesarestored，sotheolderthey，themoreyoucry．InSunions，ontheotherhand，thelevelsofthatannoyingcompounddropthemoretimegoesby，untilitnolongerhasanyeffectonyoureyeswhenyoucutit．That’swhatSuniongrowersareclaiminganyway，butreportsfromthoseluckyenoughtohavetriedthemseemtoconfirmtheseclaims．TheHuffingtonPosthadthreeofitsreporterschopsomeSunions，andapparently，noneofthemshedasingletear．AccordingtotheWashingtonPost，theydon’thavethepungencyofregularonionsandaresosweetthatyoucaneatthem“likepopcorn”．Sothegoodnewsisthattearlessonionsarenowarealthing．ThebadnewsisthattheyarecurrentlyonlygrowninWashingtonandNevada，andeventhoughtheyaresoldnationwide，theyarestillinrelativelyshortsupply．ThefirstSunionbatcheshittheshelvesofgrocerystoresinDecember，butwe’11probablystartseeingtheminmostgroceryshopsandsupermarketsinthenextfewyears，asmorepeoplelearnaboutthem．1、WhatisspecialabouttheSunion?A．It’seasilychopped．B．It’ssweetandtastesstrong．C．It’stearlessandmild．D．It’sgrownnationwideintheUSA．2、HowdoestheauthorintroducetheSunioninParagraph3?A．Bycomparison．B．Bytellingastory．C．Bygivingexamples．D．Byaskingquestions．3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pungency”inParagraph4mean?A．Roundshape．B．Strongsmell．C．Specialcharacter．D．Medicalfunction．4、Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．TheSunionhasbeenlargelyonthemarket．B．TheSunionisstillontrialatpresent．C．TheSunionwillsoonbegrownworldwide．D．TheauthorisconfidentaboutthefutureoftheSunion．22．（8分）PerformancesLet’sFacetheMusicRiaJones,theworld-famousstarofEvita,Cats,andLesMiserables,returnshomefortwospecialconcerts.Provingthatthereismoretoherthanagreatgiftforsingingthegreatshowsongs,Riainvitesyouonamemorablejourneythatgoesfrommusicaltoclassicalandfromclassicaltopop.SongsfromMissSaigonperfectlymixwithDisneyfavoritesfromBeautyandtheBeastalongwithsomepopularstandardsforagreateveninginthecompanyofaveryspecialvocaltalent.SongRecitalJudyCoeperformswidelyasasoloist(独唱者)inAmericaandisalsoamusicteacher.TheprogrammeincludessongsfromPorgyandBess,asuccessfulAmericanopera,withspecialsolopianoarrangementsbyKatherineMorris.JudyendstheconcertwithsongswhosetextsarebyShakespeare,Yeats,Eliot,OscarWildeandEmilyDickinson.TheconcertwillbeframedbythesingingofWelshandAmericanmusicbythepopularGyrlaisMaleVoiceChoir,directedbyMeirwynThomas.MayteMartinMayteMartiniseasilythebest-knownCatalansinger.Shehasbeenverypopularsinceherearlytwenties,whenshewonastringofprizes.ShehastakenpartinBarcelona’sWOMADfestivalsandintheGipsyKing’scelebratedfestivalMosaiqueGitaneatNimes.Shewillbeaccompaniedbyherregularsologuitarist,twodancersanda“clapper”.TheAdventureofMalicThisshowisaboutthefantasticallydangerouslifeofanimaginaryIberiancharactercalledMalic.InthisshowhevisitsChinaandgetsintofightswithdragonsandthentravelstoBarcelonawherehecomesacrossmanydangerouscharacters.TheshowistoldusingChineseshadowpuppets(皮影),beautifullyhandled,withalivenarrator-musicianwhogiveslifetotheshowinEnglish.1、WhowillperformDisneysongs?A．JudyCoe. B．RiaJones.C．MayteMartin. D．KatherineMorris.2、Inwhichperformancecanyouenjoyfamouswriters’works?A．SongRecital B．MayteMartinC．Let’sFacetheMusic D．TheAdventureofMarlic3、Whatdoweknowabout“TheAdventureofMarlic”A．ItwasmadeinChinese.B．ItwasshotinBarcelona.C．Itisbasedonatrueadventurestory.D．ItispresentedthroughatraditionalChineseartform.23．（8分）Moneyistherootofallevil(邪恶)andnewstudyclaimstheremaybesometruthbehindthesaying.ScientistsattheUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,US,announcedonFebruary27thatrichpeoplearemorelikelytodoimmoralthings,suchaslieorcheat,thanpoorerpeople.Thescientistsdidaseriesofeightexperiments.TheypublishedtheirfindingsonlineintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences(PNA《美国国家科学院院刊》).TheycarriedoutthefirsttwoexperimentsfromthesidewalknearBerkeley.Theynotedthatdriversofnewerandmoreexpensivecarsweremorelikelytocutoffothercarsandpedestriansatcrosswalks.Nearly45percentofpeopledrivingexpensiveearsignoredapedestriancomparedwithonly30percentofpeopledrivingmowmodestcars.Inanotherexperiment,agroupofcollegestudentswasaskediftheywoulddoimmoralthingsinvariouseverydaysituations.Examplesincludedtakingprinterpaperfromworkandnottellingasalespersonwhenheorshegavebackmorechange.Studentsfromhigher—classfamiliesweremorelikelytoactdishonestly.Accordingtothescientists,richpeopleoftenthinkmoneycangetthemoutoftrouble.Thismakesthemlessafraidtotakerisks,Italsomeanstheycarelessaboutotherpeople’sfeelings.Finally,itjustmakesthemgreedier.“Higherwealthstatusseemstomakeyouwantevenmore,andthatincreasedwantleadsyoutobendtherulesorbreaktherulestoserveyourself-interest,”saidPaulPiff,leadscientistofthestudy.Piffpointedoutthatthefindingsdon’tmeanthatallrichpeopleareuntrustworthyorallpoorpeoplehonest.Hesaidtheexperimentsweretoshowhowpeoplelivingindifferentsocialsituationsexpresstheirinstincts（本能）andvaluesindifferentways.1、Bysaying“moneyistherootofallevil”,theauthorwantsto.A．linkwealthwithbadbehaviorB．drawreaders’attentiontotheresearchC．showhowthesayingprovesthefindingsD．defendrichpeoplewhodoimmoralthings2、Accordingtothescientists,whichisNOTthefactorthatmakesrichpeopleimmoral?A．Theywelcomerisks.B．Theyhavemoredesires.C．Theybelievemoneytalks.D．Theybecomemoreselfish.3、Whydidthescientistsdotheexperiments?A．Toshowhowsocialstatusaffectspeople’smorality.B．Toshowpeople’sinstinctsandvaluesindifferentways.C．Totestwhetherthesaying“moneyistherootofallevil”istrue.D．Toshowthedifferencebetweenhigher-classpeopleandlower-classpeople.4、Whatdoesthepassagereallywanttoshowus?A．Thepoorarerespectable.B．Moneyistherootofallevil.C．Allrichpeopleareuntrustworthy.D．Thericharemorelikelytoactbadly.24．（8分）Asuccessfulbusinessman,addressingthecommercialclubofhiscity,toldastoryofanorphan(孤儿)namedJim.Jimwas12yearsold,whowasthelaughingstockofthewholetown.Heneverrememberedhavingakindwordspokentohiminhiswholelife.OnedayasJimwalkeddownthestreet,hesawsomeflowersslipfromalittlelady’sarmsjustinfrontofhim.Jimgathereduptheflowersandreplacedtheminherarms.“Thankyou,dear;youareanicelittleboy.”shesaidkindly,andwentonherwayaftergivinghimabrightsmile.Jimwasamazed.Thesewerethefirstkindwordshehadeverheardinhiswholetwelveyearsofexistence.Hestoodandstaredafterheruntilshewasoutofsight,thenhemadestraightforastream.Hesatdownonthebankofthestreamanddidsomethinking.“Thankyou,dear;youareanicelittleboy,”hethought.Finallytheboypulledfromhispocketsapieceofbrokenmirrorandlookedathimself.Hesawnothingbutdirt.Hewentdowntothewaterandwashedhisfacecarefully,almostpainfully.Thenhelookedagain.Hescarcelyrecognizedhimself.Hestoodstraightandlookedupinsteadofdownforthefirsttimesincehecouldremember.Afeedingofself-respectawokewithinhisbeing.Atthatmomentthecourseofhislifewaschanged;adeterminationtobeworthyofthekindwordsspokentohimbythelittlelady,andtopassthemon,tookpossessionofhissoul.AftertellingthisstoryofJim,thespeakerpausedandthenheshockedtheaudiencebysaying,“Gentlemen,Iwasthatboy.Thatgentlewomanimplantedinmylifethefirstseedofkindness.AsatributetohermemoryIhavetoldyouthisstory.”1、Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thelaughingstock”inparagraph2?A．Jimlikedplayingjokesonothers.B．Jimwasalwayslaughedatbyothers,C．Jimwasgoodatmakingothershappy.D．Jimhadinterestintellingfunnystories.2、Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribethelady?A．Brave.B．Clever.C．Friendly.D．Honest.3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Jimwantedpeopletosaykindwordstoothers.B．Theladybecameveryfamousbecauseofthatstory.C．ItwasthefirsttimeforJimtotellhisstorytoothers.D．Jimmadeatotofmoneybytellinghisstoriestoothers.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AStoryofJimB．AGoodLadyC．AKindWordD．ASuccessfulBusinessman25．（10分）TheWorld’sLargestLibrariesBritishLibrary(UnitedKingdom，London)TheBritishLibrarywascreatedbyActofParliamentin1972；previously，thelibraryhadbeenpartoftheBritishMuseum，wherethefamouscircularreadingroomhadaccommodatedresearchersincludingKarlMarx，whoworkedon‘DasKapital’there，aswellasOscarWideandMahatmaGandhi．TheBritishLibraryisnowhousedinanewbuildinginSt．Pancras，London，whereitstreasuresincludetwoGutenbergbibles，theLindisfarneGospelsandoneofLeonardodaVmci’snotebooks．LibraryofCongress(UnitedStates，Washington，D．C．)Foundedin1800withtheprivatecollectionofThomasJefferson，theLibraryofCongressisineffecttheUSA’sNationalLibrary．ItreceivestwocopiesofeverythingpublishedintheUnitedStates．TheLibraryofCongresswagburnedbytheBritishArmyin1812，andseverelydamagedbyfireagainin1851．Thecollectionincludesmanyrarebooks，drawingsandtwoStradivariusviolins．NewYorkPublicLibraryTheNewYorkPublicLibrarydevelopedgraduallyinthenineteenthcenturyfromthemergerandacquisition(收购兼并)ofanumberofpublicandprivatecollections；ithasmanybranchesindifferentdistrictsofNewYorkCity．Itremainsastructurewhichcombinespublicandprivatefinanceandgovernance．TreasuresheldatthelibraryincludeaGutenbergBible．RussianStateLibrary(Moscow)Foundedin1862astheMoscowpubliclibraryandmuseum，thiscollectionbecametheStateLibraryin1925．InconsequenceitreceivescopiesofallRussianpublications，andalsoholdslargecollectionsofmaps，journals，musicscoresandrecordings．ItspossessionsincludetheArchangelGospel，acodexintheSlavoniclanguagedatingfrom1092．1、Whichlibrarymetwithtwobiglossesinhistory?A．BritishLibrary． B．LibraryofCongress．C．NewYorkPublicLibrary． D．RussianStateLibrary．2、WhatcanwefindintheRussianStateLibrary?A．LindisfameGospels． B．Stradivariusviolins．C．AGutenbergBible． D．TheArchangelGospel．3、Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A．KarlMarxandOscarWideworkedaslibrariansintheBritishLibrary．B．TheLibraryofCongressreceivestwocopiesofallpublicationsinRussia．C．TheNewYorkPublicLibraryissupportedbystateandpersonaldonation．D．TheRussianStateLibrarypossessesaGutenbergBibleinSlavonic．第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。Fromherlifeguardstationattheshallowendoftheswimmingpool,Jessicanoticedcloudsgatheringinthesky.Bythetimeshetookabreakat2:30,thewindwaspickingupandtheskywasgetting1Thepoolmanager2overtheloudspeakerthatthepoolwasclosing3,duetoasevereweatherwarning.Allofthe4hadleftby3:30exceptforJessica’sneighbor,eight-year-oldZackHill.Zack’smotherhadplannedto5himuplater,butthestormwasapproachingfast.Jessicadecidedthatshewould6Zackoffonherwayhome.TheminuteJessicaandZacklefttheparkinglot,itwas7thatthiswasno8storm.TherainhitjustasJessicaturnedontoherstreet,comingdowninsheetsandmakingit9toseeclearly.Jessicasaid,“Zack,I’mgoingtotakeyoutomyhouse.Weneedtogetinsiderightaway,andyourhouseisfartherawaythan10”Shepressedthegarage-dooropener,butnothinghappened.Theelectricitywas11Thefrontdoorwasonlyafewfeetaway,12thewindwassostrongthatJessicaandZackhadto13theirwayoutofthecarandintothehouse.Rememberingeverythingshecouldfromher14training,JessicadraggedZacktothebasement(地下室).“We’llbesafeinhere,Zack,”shesaid,tryingtosound15Theyhadjustgotteninside16everythingwentdeadlyquietforamoment.Thentheycouldhearthesoundofglassbreaking.Adeafeningroar,likethesoundofatrain,filledtheir17Afterafinalcrash,JessicaandZack18dropsofrainontheirarms.Theysawaflashoflightningthroughacrackintheceiling.Thesoundofthestormgrew19Jessicabegantobreatheeasier.SheandZackweresafe,andwhata20theywouldhavetotell!1、A．blue B．bright C．sunny D．dark2、A．announced B．murmured C．wept D．whispered3、A．slowly B．tightly C．immediately D．quietly4、A．swimmers B．lifeguards C．managers D．parents5、A．get B．pick C．dress D．cheer6、A．put B．send C．lay D．drop7、A．probable B．clear C．impossible D．unlikely8、A．severe B．impressive C．ordinary D．violent9、A．hard B．comfortable C．useless D．worthwhile10、A．ours B．hers C．yours D．mine11、A．back B．out C．on D．up12、A．and B．thus C．but D．so13、A．jump B．find C．fight D．thread14、A．teacher B．character C．flight D．emergency15、A．nervous B．calm C．humorous D．polite16、A．when B．since C．after D．as17、A．mouths B．eyes C．noses D．ears18、A．heard B．tasted C．felt D．smelt19、A．distant B．near C．sharp D．loud20、A．joke B．story C．lie D．difference第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Gettingfitnolonger1．(require)apencil-and-paperworkoutplanorafooddiary.Ifyou’relookingforsomenewand2．(create)waystoimproveyourhealth,tryFitTime.It’slikeyourpersonaltrainer.After3．(get)alltheinformationitneeds-yourheight,weight,age,andexercisehabits-itgivesyouacustomizedtrainingcourse,4．asksyoutoworkoutfourtimesaweekforabouttwo5．(month).Theexercisesfocus6．adifferentpartofyourbodyeveryday.Forinstance,onMonday,youdopush-ups(俯卧撑)tobuildupyourarms,andonTuesday,youbuildup7．(strong)inyourlegsbydoingdeepkneebends.8．exerciseplanchangesastimegoesby.Thebestpartofthisappisthateveryonecanshare9．(they)workoutresultsandfollowtheirtraining.Itisagreatwayforyouandyourfriends10．(encourage)eachothertobuildstrongbodies.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearChris,Ilearnthatsomepeoplelaughatmeforbeingoverweight、Don’tbesoworriedaboutyourfigure、IknowagroupcallingHOOPfromtheInternet,whichisestablishedtobethevoiceoftheoverweightpersons、Itmadeupofagroupoffriendlyandsupportivepeople,allunderstandingthestruggleofbeingoverweight、Soyouwillnotfeellonelywhenyouexercise、Thereareaplentyofactivitiesandtrainerwhodon’tpushyoutodowhatyoudislike、Withtheirsupportandencourageit’seasyforyoutoleaveyourcomfortzoneandtrysomethingnew、IwouldhighrecommendHOOPtoyou、Whetherit’stocompleteapersonalchallengeandstartahealthierlifestyle,HOOPcan