2024-2025学年高三英语第一学期期末复习模拟卷（含解析）

2024-2025学年高三英语第一学期期末复习模拟卷本试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALivingonEarth:Forests,Corals,Consciousness,andtheMakingoftheWorldPeterGodfrey-Smith★★★☆3.7359ratings·20reviewsThebestsellingauthorofOtherMindsshowshowweandourancestorshavereinventedourplanet.IfthehistoryoftheEarthwerecompressed(压缩)downtoayear,ourspecieswouldariseinthelastthirtyminutesorsoofthefinalhour.ButlifeitselfhasexistedonEarthforsomethinglike3.7billionyears.Whathavetheseorganisms—bacteria,animals,plantsandtherest—doneinallthistime?InLivingonEarth,ProfessorPeterGodfrey-Smithtellsthelongstoryoflivingaction,anditsimpact.Rangingfromtheseastotheforests,andfromanimatematter’sfirstappearancetoitsfutureextinction,heoffersanovelpictureofthecourseoflifeonEarthandhowwemightmeetthechallengesofourtime.Ratings&ReviewsTroyTradup4books34followers★★☆☆☆Feelsliketwoverydifferentbooksawkwardlycombined.Ilikedthefirstpartasmuchastheauthor’spreviousOtherMindsandMetazoa;feltthesecondpartwasamess.2stars.UlaTardigrade270reviews26followers★★★★☆Thebookisveryinformative,eveneye-openingattimes.However,forsomereasontheauthor’sstyleisnottomyliking.Elentarri1,823reviews51followers★★☆☆☆Attheendofthisbook,I’vecometotheconclusionthatthebookwasnotmeantforme.Thisbookdoesnotprovideanythingnovelororiginal.Mbuy622reviews2followers★★★☆☆Interestingandwellwritten,butitcoveredtoomanysubjectstobefullyinformativeonanyone.Asamatterofgeneralreading,itraisedagreatmanyideasandquestionedothers,whichwasveryuseful.1．WhatcategorydoesLivingonEarthfallinto?A．BiographyandLife. B．ScienceandNature.C．HistoricalFiction. D．HumorandComedy.2．WhothoughtLivingonEarthlackedfreshperspectives?A．TroyTradup. B．UlaTardigrade. C．Elentarri. D．Mbuy.3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toratethehistoricalaccuracyofabook.B．Toshowcasethesellingpointsofabook.C．Tocompareabookwithsimilarliteraryworks.D．Topresentabooksummaryandreaderfeedback.BIhadtosaysomethingafterreadingTheAnxiousGeneration.Itisgoingtosellwell,becauseJonathanHaidtistellingascarystoryaboutchildren’sdevelopmentmanyparentsareledtobelieve.However,thebook’srepeatedsuggestionthatdigitaltechnologiesarerewiringourchildren’sbrainsandcausingtheepidemic(流行病)ofmentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.Worse,therudeproposalthatsocialmediaistoblamemightdistract(分心)usfromeffectivelyrespondingtotherealcausesofthecurrentmental-healthcrisisinyoungpeople.ResearchershavesearchedfortheeffectssuggestedbyHaidt.Oureffortshaveproducedamixofno,smallandmixedassociations.Mostdataarecorrelative.Whenassociationsovertimearefound,theysuggestnotthatsocial-mediausepredictsorcausesdepression,butthatyoungpeoplewhoalreadyhavemental-healthproblemsusesuchplatformsmoreoftenorindifferentwaysfromtheirhealthypeers.Wearenotalonehere.Severalanalysesandsystematicreviewscentralizeonthesamemessage.Ananalysisdonein72countriesshowsnoconsistentormeasurableassociationsbetweenwell-beingandsocialmediaglobally.Moreover,studiesfromsomeauthoritiesfindsnoevidenceofintensechangesassociatedwithdigital-technologyuse.Asapsychologiststudyingchildren’sandadolescents’

mentalhealth,Iappreciateparents’frustration(沮丧)anddesireforsimpleanswers.Asaparentofadolescents,Iwouldalsoliketoidentifyasimplesourceforthepainthisgenerationisreporting.Thereare,however,nosimpleanswers.Thebeginninganddevelopmentofmentaldisordersaredrivenbyacomplexsetofgeneticandenvironmentalfactors.Moreyoungpeoplearetalkingopenlyabouttheirmental-healthstrugglesthaneverbefore.Butinsufficientservicesareavailabletoaddresstheirneeds.IntheUnitedStates,thereis,onaverage,oneschoolpsychologistforevery1,119students.Wehaveagenerationincrisisandindesperateneedofthebestofwhatscienceandevidence-basedsolutionscanoffer.Unfortunately,ourtimeisbeingspenttellingstoriesthatareunsupportedbyresearchandthatdolittletosupportyoungpeoplewhoneed,anddeserve,more.4．WhatispresentedinTheAnxiousGeneration?A．Scarystoriesaffectchildren’sbrains.B．Parentsareresponsibleforchildren’shealth.C．Teen’smentalillnessresultsfromscreentime.D．Theepidemicofmentalillnessisunavoidable.5．Whatdoes“thesamemessage”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A．Manycountriesdoresearchinmentalhealth.B．Well-beingandsocialmediaarecloselyrelated.C．Theyoungaretrappedinthemental-healthcrisis,D．Socialmediadon’tnecessarilycausementalillness.6．Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A．Effectiveactionsneedtobetaken. B．Positivestoriesshouldbeshared.C．Financialsupportneedstobeprovided. D．Broaderresearchshouldbedone.7．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tosuggestwaystohelpthoseinneed.B．Toencourageparentstobravethecrisis.C．Torecommendanewly-publishedbook.D．Togiveavoicetochildren’smentalissues.CTheideaofclimbingMt.Qomolangmadisgustedme.ThemountaincametorepresenttheoppositeofeverythingthatIlovedandrespectedaboutclimbing.Whathadoncebeenthefinalmountainclimbinggoalbecamethefocusofacommercialguidingindustry.Overtheyears,thecrowdsatBaseCampgrew,leavingbehindtonsoftrash.WheneverIwasaskedwhetherI’dclimbMt.Qomolangma,myanswerwasalwaysthesame:notinterested.ThatwasprobablywheremypersonalMt.Qomolangmastorywouldhaveended,wereitnotforanoldfriendThomPollardandhisobsession(迷恋)withoneofthegreatestmysteries.In1999,hebegantoexploreandfoundtheremainsofGeorgeMallory,thecelebratedBritishclimberwhodisappearedwhilehewasattemptingtobethefirsttoclimbMt.Qomolangma.ButMallory’spartner,SandyIrvine,andthecamerahehadlikelycarried,werenotfound.Themountainclimbingworldhasbeenwonderingwhethertheymighthavereachedthetopin1924.Pollard’sstorymovedme.Ibegantopackfortheclimbandexpectedthatouradvancedequipmentwouldmakeitmanageable,perhapseasy.Iwaswrong.Onthehighestpointontheplanet,IwasmoretiredthanI’deverbeeninanyclimbing.Alongtheway,Icontinuouslytippedmyhat,notjusttoMalloryandIrvinebuttoanyonewhohasthedrivetopushhimselforherselfupthisroute.Mysearchwasinvain,butIbegantoreconsiderMt.Qomolangma.Iwitnessedmanyclimbers,whoweremuchmorethanjustself-centeredtourists.Wesharedrouteinformation,weatherforecasts,andfamilyphotos—allunitedaroundacommongoal.IwenttoMt.QomolangmatoseekIrvine.Butintheend,Ifoundsomethingmoredifficulttoget:thespiritthatIrvineandMalloryshared.Itwashidinginplainsight,rightwhereithasalwaysbeen:insidethebravesoulswhorisksomuchtofollowinstoriedadventurers’footstepsupMt.Qomolangma.8．WhydidtheauthoroncehateclimbingMt.Qomolangma?A．Becausethemountainwasovercrowded.B．Becausehisoriginalclimbinggoalchanged.C．Becauseclimbingitbecameaprofit-drivenindustry.D．Becausehehadtobravetheelementsonthemountain.9．WhatmotivatedtheauthortoclimbMt.Qomolangmalater?A．TheinfluenceofThomPollard.B．Theresultsofthepreviousclimbing.C．Thedevelopmentofadvancedequipment.D．ThespiritofGeorgeMalloryandSandyIrvine.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tippedmyhat”inparagraph3mean?A．Relievedmytiredness. B．Showedmyrespect.C．Expressedmygratitude. D．Provedmydetermination.11．Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?A．Thesearchformissingadventurersholdsgreatvalue.B．Modernclimbinglacksrespectforthenaturalenvironment.C．SpiritsoftheclimbersofMt.Qomolangmaareworthrespect.D．ExperiencedclimbersarequalifiedtoconquerMt.Qomolangma.DDamianStefaniukandhiscolleaguesatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havedevelopedanovelenergystoragedevice—asupercapacitor—usingthreebasic,inexpensivematerials:water,cement,andasoot(煤灰),whichcancarryelectricity.Supercapacitorsarehighlyefficientatstoringenergybutdifferfrombatteriesinsomeimportantways.Theycanchargemuchmorequicklythanalithium(锂)batteryanddon’texperiencethesamelevelofperformancedeclineovertime.Butsupercapacitorsalsoreleasethepowertheystorerapidly,makingthemlessusefulindevicessuchasmobilephones,laptopsorelectriccarswhereasteadysupplyofenergyisneededoveranextendedperiodoftime.YetaccordingtoStefaniuk,thesesupercapacitorscouldmakeanimportantcontributiontoeffortstoreducecarbonemissionsandmaketheglobaleconomymoreenvironmentallyfriendly.“Ifitcanbescaledup,thetechnologycanhelpsolveanimportantissue—thestoringofrenewableenergy,”hesays.HeandhisfellowresearchersatMITenvisionseveralapplicationsfortheirsupercapacitors.Onemightbetocreateroadsthatstoresolarenergyandthenreleaseittorechargeelectriccarswirelesslyastheydrivealongaroad.Therapidreleaseofenergyfromthesupercapacitorswouldallowvehiclestogetarapidboosttotheirbatteries.Anotherapplicationwouldbeusingsupercapacitorsinthefoundationsorwallsofhouses,sothatthesepartsofthehousenotonlysupportthestructurebutalsostoreenergy.“Butit’sstillearlystages.Rightnow,thesupercapacitormadefrombuildingmaterialscanonlystorejustunder300watt-hourspercubicmeter,enoughtopowera10-wattLEDlightfor30hours.Thepowermightseemlowcomparedtoregularbatteries,butafoundationmadefrom30-40cubicmetersofthismaterialcouldmeetthedailyenergyneedsofahouse,”saysStefaniuk.“Sincethismaterialisusedsowidelyaroundtheworld,ithasthepotentialtobeverycompetitiveandusefulforenergystorage.”12．Whatmightbeanadvantageofsupercapacitors?A．Theyrequirelittlecare. B．Theyarelighterindesign.C．Theyreleasepowerinastablemanner. D．Theycontinuetoworkeffectivelyovertime.13．Howdoestheauthorhighlighttheapplicationofsupercapacitors?A．Byprovidingexamples. B．Bygivinginstructions.C．Bymakingcomparisons. D．Bypresentingcauseandeffect.14．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutthesupercapacitortechnology?A．Itisstilldevelopingandhasgreatpotential.B．Itwillbelimitedtosmall-scaleapplications.C．Itisefficientenoughtohelpreplacebatteries.D．Itwillbecomewidelyusedineverydaydevices.15．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Topresentadifficultproblem. B．Toadvocateatimelyaction.C．Tointroduceapossiblesolution. D．Toexplainacomplexprocess.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Withallthenewfindingsontheeffectsofbadlifestyles,itisnowonderthatsomanypeopleareeagertostartchangingtheirlifestylesforthebetter.16Onceyougetintothehabitofmaintainingahealthyroutine,youwillbeabletoexperiencethebenefitsofahealthylifestyle.Improveyourphysicalappearance.Leadingahealthylifestylecanmakeyoubringoutthebestversionofyourself.Tobespecific,ithelpsyoudevelopgoodhabitsandthesehabitsmakeiteasierforyoutoparticipateinhealthyactivities.17Promotebettermentalhealth.Whenyouenjoyahealthylifestyle,youdoseveralactivitieswhichhavesomedirectorindirecteffectsonimprovingyourmoodoremotionalside.18Thesetypesofactivitieswillalsohelpyouhavemoresocialinteractionsandinterestingconversationswithpeoplewhosharesimilarinterests.19Havingahealthylifestylecanactasprotectionagainstillnesses.Accordingtoresearch,itreducestherisksofchronicdiseaseslikediabetesandheartdisease.Nevertheless,whenriskfactorsarepresentandyou’releadingabadlifestyle,itdramaticallyincreasesthelikelihoodthatyou’lleventuallydeveloponeofanypossibleillnesses.Quiteliterally,thereareinfinitebenefitsonewillreceivebypursuingahealthylifestyle.20However,havingahealthylifestylewillcontributesignificantlytoamorefulfillinglifeovertime.Sodrinkwater,eatwell,movethebodyandchoosetobegratefulforthegiftoflife!A．Slowageingprocess.B．Thesebenefitsmaynotbeseenimmediately.C．Lowertheriskofdevelopinghealthproblems.D．Ahealthylifestylecanimproveyoursleepquality.E．Activitieslikeswimminghelpyourmindtorelaxandrefresh.F．Inreturn,youwillbefitandyourbodyposturewillalsoimprove.G．Ahealthylifestyleshouldbeawayoflivinginsteadofatemporaryfix.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文：从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。OnApril6,1909,sixmenclaimedtheirplaceasthefirstexplorerstoreachtheNorthPole.Manyhadtriedtoreachthepole,butPeary’steam21themthroughcleverplanning.Healsogave22toHenson,anAfricanAmericanexplorerwith23skills.“TheteamneededhisknowledgeoftheInuit,andHensonwasfluentintheirlanguage.Also,hehassharedallthephysicalhardshipsofmyArcticwork,”Pearysaid.24windsblow.“Freezingofthefaceisa(n)25occurrence,”Hensonwrote.“Wecouldevenlosefinger’sortoes.Whenanyone’sfootbegantofreeze,anothermamheldthebarefootagainsthisstomachto26itup.Therewasnootherwayto27thefoot.”AfterfourjourneystotheArctic,Pearylearnedhowto28betterforthetrip.Thistime,hehadotherteamsgoaheadandleave29alongthewaytoprovidefortheirfinaldash.Theydrovelonghourseveryday.“Forced30allthetime,”Pearyexplained.Theywere31becausetheycameacrossnoopenwaterto32theteam.Theyspent30hoursatthepolebeforetheybegantheir33.Theycouldn’tstaylongerasspringwascomingandtheicewasabouttomelt.HensonsetsuchafastpacethatPearywarnedhimnottoworkthedogstodeath.“Iknow,”Hensonreplied.“Wemusthurry;34wewillbecaught.”Theydidit.Theyreachedsafetyin16daysand35theirplaceinhistory.21．A．employed B．helped C．chose D．beat22．A．credit B．way C．place D．support23．A．academic B．technical C．comprehensive D．communicative24．A．Mild B．Fresh C．Scary D．Biting25．A．dangerous B．ordinary C．temporary D．challenging26．A．wrap B．lift C．warm D．put27．A．feel B．save C．lift D．hold28．A．plan B．pack C．train D．budget29．A．riches B．supplies C．footprints D．messages30．A．duties B．requests C．marches D．measures31．A．lucky B．upset C．tough D．stuck32．A．freezeup B．holdup C．letdown D．putdown33．A．work B．trip C．return D．race34．A．otherwise B．likewise C．but D．still35．A．awarded B．steadied C．reserved D．secured第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Taichiisoftendescribedas“meditationinmotion,”butitmightwell36(call)“medicationinmotion.”Thereisgrowingevidencethatthismind-bodypractice,which37(originate)inChinaasamartialartinthelateMingandearlyQingdynasties,hasvalueintreatingorpreventingmanyhealthproblems.Andyoucangetstartedevenifyouaren’tintopshapeorthebestofhealth.Inthislow-impact,slow-motionexercise,yougowithoutpausingthroughaseriesofmotions38arenamedforanimalactions—forexample,“whitecranespreadsitswings”—ormartialartsmoves,suchas“boxbothears.”Asyoumove,youbreathedeeplyandnaturally,39(focus)yourattention—asinsomekindsofmeditation—onyourbodilysensations.Taichidiffersfromothertypesofexercise40severalrespects.Duringthe41(circle)movements,themusclesarerelaxedratherthantensed,thejointsarenotfullyextendedorbent,andconnectivetissuesarenotstretched.Taichicanbe42(easy)adaptedforanyone,fromthemostfittopeople43(confine)towheelchairsorrecoveringfromsurgery.Agrowingbodyofcarefullyconductedresearchisbuilding44compellingcasefortaichiasanadjuncttostandardmedicaltreatmentforthepreventionandrehabilitationofmanyconditionscommonlyassociatedwithage.Anadjuncttherapyisonethat’susedtogetherwithprimarymedicaltreatments,either45(address)adiseaseitselforitsprimarysymptoms,or,moregenerally,toimproveapatient’sfunctioningandqualityoflife.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华,上周五你们班组织了“共读一本书”(ReadingABookTogether)的阅读分享活动,你的英国朋友Chris对此很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件分享这次经历,内容包括:1.活动介绍;2.你的收获。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearChris,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iusedtobelievethathomelesspeoplecouldonlyreceivebutnotgive.However,achanceencounterwithagirlatasoupkitchen(救济站)oneeveningcompletelychangedmyperspective.Thatevening,IwasvolunteeringwithmyschoolatAndreHouse,asoupkitchenwevisitabouttwiceamonthtohelppreparemealsforthoseinneed.Iparticularlyenjoybeinginvolvedinfoodpreparationandservingonthelinebecauseitallowsustobuildconnectionswiththoseweareserving.Whilethepeopleweencounteratthesoupkitchencomefromdiversebackgroundsandcircumstances,thesharedexpressionofgratitude,oftenintheformof“Thankyouforyourservice”,makestheexperiencealotmoremeaningful.Onthisparticularnight,therewasanunusuallyhighnumberofpeopleatAndreHouse.Wewerekeptbusyworking,concernedthattheremightnotbeenoughfoodforsomanypeople.Fortunately,wheneveryonehadbeenserved,therewasstilloneportion(份)offoodleft.Justthen,atthatlatehour,agirlappearedinthesoupkitchenandaskedforfood.“You’relucky.You’rethelastpersonwhocangetfoodherethisevening,”Isaid.“Thankyou,”theshygirlwhisperedasIhandedherthefood.Inoticedthatshewasaroundmyageandcouldn’thelpbutwonderwhatkindoftroubleshehadgonethroughtoenduphere.SeeinghermademerealizehowfortunateIwastohavearoofovermyhead,amealtoeateverydayandacomfortablebedtosleepinafteralongday.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Unfortunately,atthatmoment,anoldwomanhurriedin.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Waitaminute,Granny!”thegirlIhadjustservedsaidassheranoutwithherfood.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．B2．C3．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是LivingonEarth这本书的简介以及四位读者的评价。1．推理判断题。由标题“Forests,Corals,Consciousness,andtheMakingoftheWorld(森林、珊瑚、意识和世界的形成)”以及文章第一段“Rangingfromtheseastotheforests,andfromanimatematter’sfirstappearancetoitsfutureextinction,heoffersanovelpictureofthecourseoflifeonEarthandhowwemightmeetthechallengesofourtime.(从海洋到森林，从生物物质的首次出现到未来的灭绝，他为地球上的生命历程以及我们如何应对时代的挑战提供了一幅新颖的画面)”可知，本书属于科学与自然范畴。故选B。2．细节理解题。通过Elentarri的话“Thisbookdoesnotprovideanythingnovelororiginal.(这本书没有提供任何新颖或原创的东西)”可知，Elentarri认为本书缺少新观点。故选C。3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文包括该出版物的内容简介以及四位读者的打分和评价，所以本文目的是简单介绍一本书和读者的反馈。故选D。4．C5．D6．A7．D【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文是对《焦虑的一代》一书的评论，作者认为该书提出的数字技术导致儿童大脑重构和精神健康危机的观点缺乏科学依据。作者强调，精神障碍的成因复杂，需要基于科学和证据的解决方案，而不是简单归咎于社交媒体。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,thebook’srepeatedsuggestionthatdigitaltechnologiesarerewiringourchildren’sbrainsandcausingtheepidemic(流行病)ofmentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.(然而，这本书一再暗示数字技术正在重构我们孩子的大脑，并导致精神健康问题的流行，这一观点并没有得到科学的支持。)”可知，该书重复暗示数字技术正在重构我们孩子的大脑，并导致精神健康问题的流行。C选项“Teen’smentalillnessresultsfromscreentime.(青少年的精神疾病与看屏幕时间有关。)”与该描述相一致。故选C。5．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Whenassociationsovertimearefound,theysuggestnotthatsocial-mediausepredictsorcausesdepression,butthatyoungpeoplewhoalreadyhavemental-healthproblemsusesuchplatformsmoreoftenorindifferentwaysfromtheirhealthypeers.(随着时间的推移，他们发现社交媒体的使用并不是预测或导致抑郁症，而是已经有心理健康问题的年轻人比健康的同龄人更频繁地或以不同的方式使用这些平台。)”以及划线词后面的内容“Ananalysisdonein72countriesshowsnoconsistentormeasurableassociationsbetweenwell-beingandsocialmediaglobally.(在72个国家进行的一项分析显示，在全球范围内，幸福感和社交媒体之间没有一致的或可衡量的联系。)”可知，“同样的信息”指的是社交媒体并不一定导致心理健康问题。通过在72个国家进行的一项分析显示，在全球范围内，幸福感和社交媒体之间没有一致的或可衡量的联系。故划线词指代的是没有一致或可测量的证据表明社交媒体与幸福感之间有密切关系。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wehaveagenerationincrisisandindesperateneedofthebestofwhatscienceandevidence-basedsolutionscanoffer.Unfortunately,ourtimeisbeingspenttellingstoriesthatareunsupportedbyresearchandthatdolittletosupportyoungpeoplewhoneed,anddeserve,more.(我们这一代人正处于危机之中，迫切需要科学和基于证据的解决方案所能提供的最好的东西。不幸的是，我们的时间花在讲述没有研究支持的故事上，这些故事对那些需要、也应该得到更多支持的年轻人几乎没有帮助。)”可知，针对于年轻人的心理健康问题，我们正在浪费时间讲述没有研究支持的故事，而这些故事对需要帮助的年轻人并没有帮助，这暗示我们需要采取有效的行动来解决这个问题。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据第一段中“IhadtosaysomethingafterreadingTheAnxiousGeneration.Itisgoingtosellwell,becauseJonathanHaidtistellingascarystoryaboutchildren’sdevelopmentmanyparentsareledtobelieve.However,thebook’srepeatedsuggestionthatdigitaltechnologiesarerewiringourchildren’sbrainsandcausingtheepidemic(流行病)ofmentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.(读完《焦虑的一代》后，我不得不说些什么。这本书将会畅销，因为乔纳森·海特特讲述了一个许多父母都倾向于相信的关于儿童发展可怕的故事。然而，书中反复暗示数字技术正在重新连接我们孩子的大脑，并导致精神疾病的流行，这一观点并没有科学支持。)”以及最后一段中“Unfortunately,ourtimeisbeingspenttellingstoriesthatareunsupportedbyresearchandthatdolittletosupportyoungpeoplewhoneed,anddeserve,more.(不幸的是，我们的时间花在讲述没有研究支持的故事上，这些故事对那些需要、也应该得到更多支持的年轻人几乎没有帮助。)”以及通读全文可知，整篇文章都在批评一本书的观点，并强调需要科学和证据支持的解决方案，而不应该把时间浪费在没有科学研究支持的结论中，由此表明作者的目的是引起人们对儿童心理健康问题以及真正引发其该问题的原因进行关注和理解。D选项“Togiveavoicetochildren’smentalissues.(为孩子们的心理问题发声。)”符合作者的目的。故选D。8．C9．A10．B11．C【导语】本篇是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者从对攀登珠穆朗玛峰的态度从厌恶转向重新考虑这座山及其攀登精神的变化过程。8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheideaofclimbingMt.Qomolangmadisgustedme.ThemountaincametorepresenttheoppositeofeverythingthatIlovedandrespectedaboutclimbing.Whathadoncebeenthefinalmountainclimbinggoalbecamethefocusofacommercialguidingindustry.Overtheyears,thecrowdsatBaseCampgrew,leavingbehindtonsoftrash.WheneverIwasaskedwhetherI’dclimbMt.Qomolangma,myanswerwasalwaysthesame:notinterested.(攀登珠穆朗玛峰的想法令我厌恶。这座山成了我热爱和尊敬的攀岩运动的对立面。曾经的最终登山目标变成了商业导游业的焦点。这些年来，大本营的人越来越多，留下了成吨的垃圾。每当有人问我是否会攀登珠穆朗玛峰，我的回答总是一样的:不感兴趣)”可知，作者不喜欢攀登珠穆朗玛峰，是因为攀登这座山成为了一个商业活动，导致了营地人满为患、垃圾成堆，由此可推断出作者反感珠穆朗玛峰的原因是攀登活动被利益驱动所主导。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ThatwasprobablywheremypersonalMt.Qomolangmastorywouldhaveended,wereitnotforanoldfriendThomPollardandhisobsessionwithoneofthegreatestmysteries.(如果不是因为老朋友Mt.Qomolangma和他对最大的谜团之一的痴迷，我个人的珠穆朗玛峰故事可能就此结束了)”以及第三段“Pollard’sstorymovedme.(Pollard的故事感动了我)”可知，是ThomPollard的坚持和故事激励了作者去攀爬珠穆朗玛峰。故选A。10．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Alongtheway,Icontinuouslytippedmyhat,notjusttoMalloryandIrvinebuttoanyonewhohasthedrivetopushhimselforherselfupthisroute.(我不断地tippedmyhat，不仅是对Mallory和Irvine，也是对任何有动力推动自己走上这条路的人)”可知，作者在攀登的过程中向那些有勇气攀登的人表达敬意，推断出“tippedmyhat”意为“表示敬意”。故选B。11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“IwenttoMt.QomolangmatoseekIrvine.Butintheend,Ifoundsomethingmoredifficulttoget:thespiritthatIrvineandMalloryshared.Itwashidinginplainsight,rightwhereithasalwaysbeen:insidethebravesoulswhorisksomuchtofollowinstoriedadventurers’footstepsupMt.Qomolangma.”(我去珠穆朗玛峰寻找欧文。但最后，我发现了更难得到的东西：欧文和马洛里共有的精神。它隐藏在人们的视线中，就在它一直存在的地方：在那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇冒险家的脚步攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢的灵魂里。)可知，文章传达的信息主要是珠穆朗玛峰攀登者的精神值得尊敬。故选C。12．D13．A14．A15．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院的DamianStefaniuk及其同事开发的一种使用水、水泥和煤灰这三种基本且廉价的材料制成的新型储能装置——超级电容器，并说明了其优势、应用及潜力。12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Supercapacitorsarehighlyefficientatstoringenergybutdifferfrombatteriesinsomeimportantways.Theycanchargemuchmorequicklythanalithium(锂)batteryanddon’texperiencethesamelevelofperformancedeclineovertime.(超级电容器在储存能量方面效率很高，但在一些重要方面与电池不同。它们的充电速度比锂电池快得多，而且随着时间的推移，性能不会像锂电池那样下降。)”可知，与电池相比，超级电容器的优势是它们能长时间有效工作。故选D。13．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“HeandhisfellowresearchersatMITenvisionseveralapplicationsfortheirsupercapacitors.Onemightbetocreateroadsthatstoresolarenergyandthenreleaseittorechargeelectriccarswirelesslyastheydrivealongaroad.Therapidreleaseofenergyfromthesupercapacitorswouldallowvehiclestogetarapidboosttotheirbatteries.Anotherapplicationwouldbeusingsupercapacitorsinthefoundationsorwallsofhouses,sothatthesepartsofthehousenotonlysupportthestructurebutalsostoreenergy.(他和他在麻省理工学院的同事们为他们的超级电容器设想了几种应用。一种可能是建造能够储存太阳能的道路，然后当电动汽车在路上行驶时，释放能量为电动汽车无线充电。超级电容器快速释放能量，可以让车辆的电池快速充电。另一种应用是在房屋的地基或墙壁中使用超级电容器，这样房屋的这些部分不仅可以支撑结构，还可以储存能量。)”可知，作者通过举例说明了超级电容器在道路上无线充电和为房屋提供能源等方面的应用。故选A。14．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Butit’sstillearlystages.Rightnow,thesupercapacitormadefrombuildingmaterialscanonlystorejustunder300watt-hourspercubicmeter…Sincethismaterialisusedsowidelyaroundtheworld,ithasthepotentialtobeverycompetitiveandusefulforenergystorage.(但这仍处于早期阶段。目前，由建筑材料制成的超级电容器每立方米只能储存不到300瓦时的电量……由于这种材料在全球范围内使用如此广泛，它有可能在储能方面具有很强的竞争力和实用性。)”可推知，超级电容器技术仍在发展中，并且具有巨大的潜力。故选A。15．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“DamianStefaniuk