重庆市南开中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题含听力

重庆市高2025届高三第四次质量检测英语试卷注意事项：1.全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。2.请在答题卡规定的地方填写好个人信息，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码是否与本人的信息一致。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节;满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcouldthewomanseefromtheroom?A.Thewaterfalls. B.Thepowerstation. C.Themountains.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Howwasyourvacation?IheardyoustayedinahotelbytheVictoriaFalls.W:Yeah.Wewereexpectingtoseethefallsandmountainsfromourroom,butinstead,weonlyhadaviewofthepowerplantthatwasfedbythefalls.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodrink?A.Coffee. B.Tea. C.Water.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Wouldyoulikeacupofteaandsomebiscuits?W:Well,Idon’tdrinktea.Doyouhaveanysoda?Orcoffee?M:Icanmakeyousomecoffeebutwedon’thaveanythingelsebesidesteaandwater.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydidthesweatergetsmaller?A.Itwaslinedried. B.Itwasdriedinamachine. C.Itwaswashedinhotwater.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whathappenedtoyoursweater?M:Well,Irememberednottowashitinhotwater,butafterIwashedit,Iputitinthedryeranditgotsmaller.W:Sweatersneedtobelinedried.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdothespeakersthinkofthenewofficemanager?A.Strict. B.Unfriendly. C.Ambitious.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoumetthenewofficemanageryet?W:Yes.Itriedtotalktohimandhemusthavebeeninabadmood.M:Well,Itriedtomakeanappointmentwithhimandhetoldmehedidn’thavetimeinaverycoldtone.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theweather. B.Apicnic. C.Adisaster.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Theysaytheyareexpectingathunderyshower.W:Howcanthatbe?Lookatthebrightdaylightoutside.M:Yourememberlasttimewewereonthatpicnicanditstartedrainingallofasudden?W:Yeah,butthatwasjustaspringshower.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Hostandguest. B.Neighbors. C.Strangers.7.Whatarethespeakersplainingabout?A.Limitedparkingspaces. B.Annoyingnoiseatnight. C.People’srandomparking.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:HiCarla,Ihopemyguestsdidn’tdisturbyouwhentheyleftlastnight.Itoldthemtoleavequietly,butitwasprettylate.W:HiRichard,no,notatall.Butthanksforthinkingofme.You’reoneoftheonlyconsiderateonesonthisstreet!M:Don’tgetmestarted!Peoplejustleavetheircarswherevertheywant,includingplacesthey’renotsupposedtopark.Thisneighborhood’sreallygoingdownhill..W:Yes,andit’sdefinitelyhappeningmoreandmore.It’ssoannoying!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthemandoing?A.Havingajobinterview. B.Attendingthenewstafftraining. C.Discussinghiscareerdevelopment.9.Whatdoesthewoman’spanyoffer?A.petitivesalaries. B.Flexibleworkinghours. C.Advancementopportunities.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:So,James,whydoyouchoosetoworkforus?M:Well,I’llbehonest.I’vehadoffersfromotherpanieswithhighersalaries,butthat’snotmypriority.W:Isee.Andareyouawarethatwiththisjob,youmayhavetoworklate?M:Yes,I’mfinewiththat.MyconcernisthatifIwenttoabiggerpany,I’dbestuckinthesamepositionforyears.ButyouradvertisementsaysthatthereareopportunitiesforbetterpositionsinthefutureW:That’scorrect.Andweencouragepeopletobeactiveabouttheircareergrowthhere.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatisthewomangoingtodonextweek?A.Makeamailinglist. B.Meetallhercustomers. C.Posttheprintedmaterials.11.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Carrythebrochuresout. B.Offerhiscreditcardnumber. C.Returntheoverchargedmoney.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atapostoffice. B.Ataprintingshop. C.Atabookstore.【答案】10.C11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Ms.Parkinson.Areyouhereforthebrochuresyouaskedustoprint?W:Yes.AndIreallyappreciatethatyouwereabletoprintthemsoquickly.I’mgoingtomailthemouttoallmycustomersonmymailinglistnextweek.M:Noproblem.Ihopetheyprovetobehelpfultoyourbusiness.Herearethebrochures.W:Thanks.Oh…Ithinkyougavemeanextraone.Ijustorderedahundred10pageones,butthereseemstobea20pageonehereaswell.HaveIbeenchargedforthatone?M:Oh,sorry,yes...I’mnotsurehowthathappened.I’llgivethatamountbacktoyounowifyougivemeyourcreditcardagain.WhileI’mdoingthat,mycolleaguewillcarrytheseouttoyourcarforyou.W:Thanksalot.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatwasthemostchallengingforAmyinthefirststage?A.Avoidingwastingtheingredients.B.Reflectinghercharacterinthedish.C.Buyingenoughthingswithinbudget.14.Whatdidthepetitorsdointhesecondstage?A.Theycookedfortherestaurant.B.Theysubmittedafourcoursemenu.C.Theypreparedadishforthejudges.15.WhathappenedtoAmyinthesecondstage?A.Shefailedtousetheoven.B.Shedidn’thavethepizzastonewithher.C.Shemadethesamedishasherpetitor.16.Whatwasthejudges’reactionwhentastingthefood?A.Excitement. B.Calmness. C.Disappointment.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.B【解析】【原文】M:Amy,IheardyoutookpartintheYoungChefpetition.Whatwastheruleofthepetition?W:Well,inthefirststage,everyonehadtosubmitafourcoursemenuforconsideration.Wehadabudgetandhadtorevealourcharacterinthedishes.Wealsohadtomakesurenothingwasthrownaway—thatwaswhereIreallyhadtothink.M:Andyougotthroughtothesecondstage!W:Right!Thatinvolvedcookingadishforthejudges.Wepreparedourdishesinthekitchenofanactualrestaurant.M:Dideverythinggoasplanned?W:Notexactly!Iwasrelievedtofindnoonewasmakingdishesanythinglikemine.ButasIwasabouttostartcooking,IrealizedthatthepizzastoneIwantedtocookmypizzaonwasinthebackofmymom’scar,andshe’dgonehome!Anyway,theovendidthejobjustaswell.However,itwastensewatchingthejudgestastethefood.TheirfacespletelylackedexpressionsoIhadnoideawhethertheylikeditornot.ButtheylovedmydishandIwon!M:Congratulations!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WheredoesRichardmentiontheimportanceofchoosingalivingplace?A.Inabook. B.Inaprogram. C.Inapieceofnews.18.Whataffectpeople’sdecisionaboutwheretoliveaccordingtoRichard?A.People’sfinancialsituations.B.People’soccupationandcharacters.C.Thecity’stechnologyandinnovation.19.WhatisLosAngelesmainlyfamousfor?A.Manufacturing. B.Financialservices. C.Filmproduction.20.WhatareresidentsofBostonlikeaccordingtothetalk?A.Active. B.Disciplined. C.Hardworking.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:ThisisEllenCoylewithTalkAbouttheNews.Intoday’sworld,somemightarguethatitdoesn’treallymatterwhereyoulive.That’snottrue,accordingtoRichardFlorida.InhisbookWho’sYourCity?RichardFloridasaysthedecisionaboutwheretolivemaybethemostimportantoneyoumake.Richardthinksthatpeopletendtogatherincertaincitiesaccordingtotheworktheydoandeventhetypeofpersonalitiestheyhave.Somecities,suchasBoston,leadthewayintechnologyandinnovation.NewYorkandLondonarefinancialcenters.CitieslikeLosAngelesmakequalityfilms.OtherslikeGuadalajaraareknownmainlyforproducingvariousproducts.Whyaresomecitiescentersofcreativitywhileothersaremorelikelytofocusonproducingthings?Richardusesrecentresearchtosuggestthatpersonalitymayplayarole.CitieslikeBostonarehometopeoplewhoareopentoexperience.Theylikehighlevelsofactivityandnewideas.Mosttechnologypaniesareinornearthesecentersofcreativity.IncitieslikeGuadalajara,residentsarebothhardworkingandagreeable.Theytendtofollowrulesandworkwellonteams,qualitiesthatareimportantinmanufacturing.第二部分阅读理解(共两节;满分50分)第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AWhetheryouwanttocooklikeaprofessionalorjustdosomethingfunforateambuildingexercise,NewYorkoffersvariouscookingclassestofityourappetite.Herearefourvenues(场所)withclassesyearroundtohelpreleaseyourinnerchef.MilleFeuilleStudentsefromallovertostudyandtastethetwospecialties—croissantandmacaron—inthebackofchefOlivierDessyn’spopularGreenwichVillageBakery.Classesacmodatenomorethaneightstudentsandrun11.5hours,andeveryonegetstobringhometheirfinishedbakedgoodsanddoughtopracticemoreathome.Don’tmissclass:Both!Abigail’sKitchenChefAbigailHitchcockisarenownedculinaryauthoritywhohasappearedonshowslikeChopped.Mostlessonsarelimitedto10studentsandare3hourslong,thoughShopandCookclasses,wherestudentsvisitsomeofNewYork’sbestinternationalmarkets,are5hours.Don’tmissclass:FreshPastaisHitchcock’smostpopularclass,featuringhomemadepastaandseasonalsauces.HomeCookingNewYorkForthepasttwodecades,aspiringcookshavesoughtoutJenniferClair’sclasses.Clair,aprofessionalcookandformermagazinefoodeditor,offersclasses(2.5hours)intwomodern,fullystockedkitchenloftsdowntown.Whilekidsaged1215canattendwithanadult,therearekidsonlyweekendandholidayclassesaswell.Don’tmissclass:SixBasicCookingTechniques,whereyou’lllearnknifeskills,meatcookeryandvegetableroasting.TasteBudsKitchenTasteBudsistheleadingcookingschoolforkidsbyday,butatnightittransformsintoaspaceforgrownupstocookupforfun.Kids’popularclass—JuniorChef—happensafterschoolandonweekends.Mostare2hours,butlookformoreindepth,longerclassesforholidaycamps.Don’tmissclass:Sushi&Dumplings.21.Whichofthefollowingofferstheshortestclass?A.MilleFeuille. B.Abigail’sKitchen.C.TasteBudsKitchen. D.HomeCookingNewYork.22.WhatdoHomeCookingNewYorkandTasteBudsKitchenhaveinmon?A.Bothofferclassesforkidsonweekends.B.BothfeaturefamouschefsinNewYork.C.Bothinvolvemakingsushianddumplings.D.Bothareequippedwithtraditionalkitchens.23.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanthetextprobablybefound?A.Entertainment. B.Cuisine. C.Travel. D.Sports.【答案】21.A22.A23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章为想要学习厨艺的人介绍了纽约市内四个厨艺学习项目。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据MilleFeuille部分中“Classesacmodatenomorethaneightstudentsandrun11.5hours,(课程最多容纳8名学生，时间为11.5小时)”可知，MilleFeuille的课程时长为11.5小时；根据Abigail’sKitchen部分中“Mostlessonsarelimitedto10studentsandare3hourslong,(大多数课程限制为10名学生，时长为3小时)”可知，Abigail’sKitchen的课程时长为3小时；根据HomeCookingNewYork部分中“Clair,aprofessionalcookandformermagazinefoodeditor,offersclasses(2.5hours)intwomodern,fullystockedkitchenloftsdowntown.(Clair是一名专业厨师和前杂志食品编辑，在市中心的两个现代化、储备充足的厨房里提供课程（2.5小时）)”可知，HomeCookingNewYork的课程时长为2.5小时；根据TasteBudsKitchen部分中“Mostare2hours,butlookformoreindepth,longerclassesforholidaycamps.(大多数是2小时，但度假营有更深入、更长的课程)”可知，TasteBudsKitchen的课程时长为2小时，所以课堂时间最短的是MilleFeuille。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据HomeCookingNewYork部分中“Whilekidsaged1215canattendwithanadult,therearekidsonlyweekendandholidayclassesaswell.(虽然1215岁的孩子可以和成年人一起参加，但也有周末和假期的只对儿童开放的课程)”和TasteBudsKitchen部分中“Kids’popularclass—JuniorChef—happensafterschoolandonweekends.(孩子们最喜欢的课程——初级厨师——安排在放学后和周末)”可知，这两个场所共同之处在于，都在周末提供针对孩子们的厨艺课程。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。总览全文，尤其是根据第一段“Whetheryouwanttocooklikeaprofessional,orjustdosomethingfunforateambuildingexercise,NewYorkoffersvariouscookingclassestofityourappetite.Herearefourvenues(场所)withclassesyearroundtohelpreleaseyourinnerchef.(无论你是想像专业人士一样做饭，还是只是为了团队建设而做一些有趣的事情，纽约都能提供各种烹饪课程来满足你的食欲。这里有四个场所全年都有课程，可以帮助你解放内心的厨师天分)”可知，文章主要是介绍了几个厨艺课程项目，由此推知，可能选自杂志的烹饪版块。故选B。BIt’shardtoimaginethatMohamedJihad,ayoungmanfromEgypt,couldperformatraditionalChinesetonguetwisterinafluentway.WhenMohamedwaschoosinghisuniversitymajor,heinitiallyconsideredEnglish.Buthismotheroffereddifferentadvice:“You’veknownEnglishsinceyoung.AlmosteverythingismadeinChina,sochoosingChineseshouldbeveryhelpful.”Thankstohismother’swisdom,MohamedembarkedonhisjourneyoflearningChinese.HegraduatedfromAinShamsUniversityinEgyptwithadegreeinChinesein2019,andthenpursuedhismaster’sdegreeinbroadcastingandanchoring(主持)fromthemunicationUniversityofChina.WhenMohamedfirstbeganhisstudyinChina,hefeltconfused——whatisthelowerabdomen(dantian)?Howdoesonesinkqitodantian?Hepracticedopeninghisvoiceandrecitingtonguetwisters.Soon,hisclassmateswereastonishedtofindhehadbeethebestChinesespeakerintheclass.Aftergraduation,MohamedbecameaforeignexpertattheChinaInternationalmunicationGroup,focusingonthespreadofChineseculture.AfterlearningtheoperatingmodelofsharedbikesinChina,MohamedsharedhisthoughtsonhowEgyptcouldemulatethisonhisFacebookaccount,taggingEMOT(EgyptianMinisterofTransport).Twodayslater,hesawtheofficialaccountofEMOTrepostinghisthoughts,menting,“Greatidea,lookingforwardtoimplementation.”Ayearlater,Egypt’scapitalbegancarryingoutthe“CairoBike”sharingprojectasapilotforaddressingtrafficcongestionissues.InJuly2023,whenMohamedgraduatedfromthemunicationUniversity,heworeEgyptianpharaohclothingtoreceivehiscertificateonstage.Thephotoofhimwearingthepharaohclothingsoonwentviral.ManyChinesebegantolearnaboutEgyptandthepharaohclothing.ThisgaveMohamedthechancetotellEgyptianstoriestoChineseaudiencesandhesubsequentlychangedthenameofhisChinesesocialmediaaccounttothe“EgyptianPharaoh”.MohamedisstillworkingtobuildabridgethatallowsEgyptianstobetterunderstandChina.“IfIcanbethisbridge,itwouldbeagreathonor.”saidMohamed.24.WhydidMohamedbeginhisjourneyoflearningChinese?A.BecauseofhisinterestintraditionalChineseculture.B.Duetohismother’sbeliefthatChineseisbeneficial.C.Onaccountoftherequirementforhismaster’sdegree.D.OwingtohisdesiretoperformChinesetonguetwisters.25.HowdidMohamedimprovehisChinese?A.Throughvoicepracticeandtonguetwisters.B.ByspendingtimewithEgyptianclassmates.C.ThroughmunicationwithChinesepeers.D.Bydistinguishingthelowerabdomenfromqi.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”inParagraph5mean?A.Criticize. B.Ignore. C.Praise. D.Copy.27.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CairoBike:ASuccessfulEgyptianProjectB.TongueTwister:AnEgyptian’sPathtoFluencyC.EgyptianPharaoh:SpreadingEgyptianCulturetotheWorldD.MohamedJihad:BuildingBridgesBetweenChinaandEgypt【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了埃及人穆罕默德・吉哈德学习中文、在中国求学及毕业后工作的经历，包括听从母亲建议选中文专业，在中国克服学习困难成为优秀汉语演讲者，毕业后传播中国文化、分享经验推动埃及借鉴中国共享单车模式，以及因毕业照走红更改社交媒体账号名讲述埃及故事等。重点突出他致力于搭建中埃相互了解的桥梁这一内容。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AlmosteverythingismadeinChina,sochoosingChineseshouldbeveryhelpful.(几乎所有东西都是中国制造，所以选择中文应该会很有帮助。)”可知，穆罕默德开始学习中文是因为他母亲相信汉语是有益的。故选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Hepracticedopeninghisvoiceandrecitingtonguetwisters.Soon,hisclassmateswereastonishedtofindhehadbeethebestChinesespeakerintheclass.(他练习打开声音，背诵绕口令。很快，他的同学惊讶地发现他已经成为班上说中文最好的人。)”可知，穆罕默德是通过发音练习和绕口令来提高他的汉语水平的。故选A项。【26题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段的“Twodayslater,hesawtheofficialaccountofEMOTrepostinghisthoughts,menting,“Greatidea,lookingforwardtoimplementation.”Ayearlater,Egypt’scapitalbegancarryingoutthe“CairoBike”sharingprojectasapilotforaddressingtrafficcongestionissues.(两天后，他看到EMOT的公众号转发了他的想法，并评论说：“好主意，期待实现。”一年后，埃及首都开始实施“开罗自行车”共享项目，作为解决交通拥堵问题的试点。)”可知，画线句子表示：在了解了中国共享单车的运营模式后，穆罕默德在他的Facebook账户上分享了他对埃及如何效仿这一模式的想法，并标记了EMOT（埃及交通部长）。故画线单词emulate为“效仿”的意思，结合选项D项Copy“模仿，效仿”意思一致。故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段提出穆罕默德来自埃及，却能流利地表演绕口令，吸引读者兴趣；第二至四段简介穆罕默德的中文求学历程；第五段中，穆罕默德致力于传播中国文化，并将中国的共享单车运行模式通过网络介绍给埃及交通部，促成了开罗共享单车项目；第六段中，穆罕默德让更多中国人了解了埃及和法老服饰。再结合最后一段，全文体现穆罕默德在中国和埃及之间的桥梁作用。故文章最好的标题是“穆罕默德·吉哈德：在中国和埃及之间架起桥梁”。故选D。CHaveyoueverjoyouslysteppedouttoyourbackyardgardenonlytofindyourwellcaredforplantswitheredanddying?Wasthesoiltoodry?Didpestsfindtheirwayin?Duringtimeslikethese,somefrustratedgardenersmaywishtheirplantswouldjusttellthemwhattheyneed.AnewMicrosoftpartneredprojectintheUKistryingtoseeifthatconceptcanbedemonstratedintherealworld.Nextyear,attheChelseaFlowerShow,theRoyalHorticulturalSocietyinEnglandwillshowoffan“intelligentgarden”thatusesanAImodeltomonitorthegarden’senvironmentandinformgardenerswhenitneedscare.VisitorscanasktheAIpoweredgardenquestions.Themodelcouldthenrespondwithphraseslike“Ineedabitmorewater,”or“Icoulduseahaircut”dependingondatacapturedinthesoil.Asidefromthepleasantnoveltyofchattingwithplants,thegardenwillprovidevisitorswithaphysicalrepresentationofthemanywaysAItechnologiescouldbeusedtoenhancesustainabilityefforts.TheIntelligentgardenwillrelyonanetworkofsensorsnestledthroughoutthegardenmeasuringenvironmentalfactorslikesoilmoistureandnutrientlevelsaswellaswindandrainfall.AllofthatdataisthensenttoaspeciallydesignedAImodel.Themodel,poweredbyMicrosoft’sAzureOpenAIService,canthenanalyzethosefactorsandinformgardenersonfeeding,watering,ortrimming.Onsiteplantcaretakersaren’ttheonlyoneswhocaninteractwiththegarden.Visitorstotheshowcanalsowalkuptovirtualplatformsandasktheintelligentgardenquestionsaboutitscurrentenvironmentalstate.TheAIlanguagemodulewilltheninterpretthedataandrespondtothevisitorsinaconversationaldialogue.Intheory,insightsprovidedbymodelslikethiscouldhelpgardenersallocateresourcesefficientlyandavoidoverwateringplantsbeforerainfall,bothofwhichcanaidinsustainabilityefforts.Thosetoolscouldbringconveniencetocasualgrowersorbusinesseslookingtoreducecosts.It’sunclear,however,whethereventhebestmodelscanprovidethesamelevelofcareasexperiencedgardeners.28.What’sthepossibleeffectoftheintelligentgardenproject?A.It’llincreasetheprofitsforgardeningindustry.B.It’llreplacehumangardenerswithAItechnology.C.It’llpromotesustainabledevelopmentofgardening.D.It’llcreateanattractionattheChelseaFlowerShow.29.Howdoestheintelligentgardenknowwhatplantsneed?A.Viadialogueswithgardeners.B.Throughputersinthegarden.C.Byanalyzingdatafromthesensors.D.Byexaminingplantsforsignsofpests.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.TheAImodelwillbewidelyused.B.TheAImodelhelpssaveresources.C.TheAImodelcanforecasttheweather.D.TheAImodelmakesgardenersunnecessary.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.FuturegardenswillbecontrolledbyAI.B.TheChelseaFlowerShowamazesaudience.C.Theintelligentgardenisembracedbygardeners.D.AItechnologyhelpstomakegardenssustainable.【答案】28.C29.C30.B31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了微软在英国的一个合作项目将AI技术运用于园艺，文章介绍了智能花园及其应用潜力，通过监测环境数据，智能花园可以帮助促进园艺的可持续发展。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Asidefromthepleasantnoveltyofchattingwithplants,thegardenwillprovidevisitorswithaphysicalrepresentationofthemanywaysAItechnologiescouldbeusedtoenhancesustainabilityefforts.(除了与植物聊天这一令人愉快的新事物之外，这个花园还将为游客提供一个实体展示，展示人工智能技术可以以多种方式促进可持续发展工作)”可知，智能花园项目可能产生的效果是促进园艺的可持续发展。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“TheIntelligentgardenwillrelyonanetworkofsensorsnestledthroughoutthegardenmeasuringenvironmentalfactorslikesoilmoistureandnutrientlevelsaswellaswindandrainfall.AllofthatdataisthensenttoaspeciallydesignedAImodel.Themodel,poweredbyMicrosoft’sAzureOpenAIService,canthenanalyzethosefactorsandinformgardenersonfeeding,watering,ortrimming.(智能花园将依靠遍布花园的传感器网络来测量环境因素，如土壤湿度和营养水平以及风和降雨量。所有这些数据然后被发送到一个专门设计的AI模型。该模型由微软的AzureOpenAI服务提供支持，然后可以分析这些因素，并告知园丁施肥、浇水或修剪)”可知，智能花园是通过AI模型分析来自传感器采集的数据从而了解植物的需求。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Intheory,insightsprovidedbymodelslikethiscouldhelpgardenersallocateresourcesefficientlyandavoidoverwateringplantsbeforerainfall,bothofwhichcanaidinsustainabilityefforts.Thosetoolscouldbringconveniencetocasualgrowersorbusinesseslookingtoreducecosts.(从理论上讲，像这样的模型所提供的见解可以帮助园丁有效地分配资源，并避免在降雨前过度浇水，这两点都有助于可持续发展工作。这些工具可以为偶尔种植者或寻求降低成本的企业带来便利)”可推断，人工智能模型有助于节约资源。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。短文第一段介绍了有时植物会枯萎，但园丁们并不知道原因，并提到英国一个与微软合作的项目试图将这个概念在现实中展现出来。第二段提到皇家园艺学会将在切尔西花展上展示一个使用AI模型来监测花园环境并告知园丁何时需要照顾的“智能花园”，并提到这个花园将为游客提供一个实体展示，展示人工智能技术可以以多种方式促进可持续发展工作。第三段详细说明了智能花园是如何知道植物需要什么的。第四段提到游客也可以与智能花园互动。最后一段提到这种模型所提供的见解可以帮助园丁有效地分配资源，并避免在降雨前过度浇水，这两点都有助于可持续发展工作。综合各段内容可知，短文主要讲述了AI技术有助于使花园可持续，选项D“人工智能技术有助于使花园可持续发展”是本文最佳主旨大意，故选D。DTheabdominalcerebrumtheory(肠脑理论)isaconceptthatsuggeststhegut(肠)hasaplexnetworkofneuronscapableofindependentactionanddecisionmaking,whichiscalledthe“secondbrain”.Thistheorystressestheimportanceoftheenteric(肠道的)nervoussystem(ENS),whichisresponsibleforcontrollingdigestion,butrecentresearchsuggestsitmayplayalargerroleinoverallhealthandwellbeing.TheENSconsistsofover100millionneurons.Theseneuronsmunicatewitheachotherandwiththecentralnervoussystem(CNS),allowingforbothlocalreflexesandcoordinationwiththeCNS.OneofthemostconvincingaspectsoftheabdominalcerebrumtheoryistheENS’sabilitytofunctionautonomously.WhileitreceivesinputfromtheCNS,itcanoperateindependently,regulatingprocessessuchasbloodflowandgutmovement.Thisnaturedemonstratesitsresemblancetoa“secondbrain”.ThegutbrainaxisisabidirectionalmunicationnetworklinkingtheENSandtheCNS.Thisinteractiongoesbeyondmeresignaling;itinvolvesneurotransmitterslikeserotonin(90%ofwhichisproducedinthegut)anddopamine.Thesechemicalsinfluencemoodanxiety,andevencognition,suggestingthatguthealthdirectlyimpactsmentalhealth.Emergingresearchindicatesthatconditionsliketiredness,andevendepressionandanxietyarelinkedtoanimbalanceinthegutmicrobiota(肠道菌群).TheENSalsoplaysacrucialroleindiseasessuchasobesityanddiabetes.Despiteitsappeal,theabdominalcerebrumtheoryfacesseveralcriticisms.SomearguethatwhilethetheoryacknowledgestheENSisplex,labelingitasa“secondbrain”mayoversimplifyormislead.Otherspointoutthatmoreresearchisneededtofullyunderstanditspreciseroleinvarioushealthconditions.Moreover,translatingbasicresearchintoclinicalapplicationsremainschallenging.Theinterplaybetweengenetics,lifestylefactors,andenvironmentalinfluencesplicateseffortstodeveloptargetedtherapiesbasedonthetheory.32.Whyisthegutoftencalledthe“secondbrain”?A.Becauseitcontainsmillionsofneurons. B.Becauseitcanfunctionindependently.C.Becauseitcontrolsallbodyfunctions. D.Becauseitimpactsoverallwellbeing.33.WhichofthefollowingisamongthefunctionsoftheENS?A.ControllingtheoperationoftheCNS. B.DisturbingtheperformanceoftheCNS.C.Regulatingdigestionandgutmovement. D.Coordinatingbloodflowandmusclemovement.34.Accordingtoparagraph4,whatcanbelearntaboutneurotransmitters?A.Theyaremostlyproducedinthebrain. B.Theyimpactbothmoodandcognition.C.Theyarenotimportantforguthealth. D.Theyonlyaffectourphysicalhealth.35.Whyisthetheorycriticized?A.Becauseithasnoprospectsofclinicapplications. B.BecauseitdeniestheplexityoftheENS.C.Becauseitmaycausemisunderstanding. D.Becauseithasn’tbeenstudiedsofar.【答案】32.B33.C34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“肠脑理论”以及肠被称为“第二大脑”的原因。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theabdominalcerebrumtheory(肠脑理论)isaconceptthatsuggeststhegut(肠)hasaplexnetworkofneuronscapableofindependentactionanddecisionmaking,whichiscalledthe“secondbrain”.(肠脑理论是一个概念，认为肠道有一个复杂的神经元网络，能够独立行动和决策，被称为“第二大脑”)”和第三段中“OneofthemostconvincingaspectsoftheabdominalcerebrumtheoryistheENS’sabilitytofunctionautonomously.(肠脑理论最引人注目的方面之一是肠神经系统能够自主地发挥作用)”可知，肠之所以被称为“第二大脑”,是因为它能够独立运作。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thistheorystressestheimportanceoftheenteric(肠道的)nervoussystem(ENS),whichisresponsibleforcontrollingdigestion,butrecentresearchsuggestsitmayplayalargerroleinoverallhealthandwellbeing.(这一理论强调了肠道神经系统（ENS）的重要性，它负责控制消化，但最近的研究表明，它可能在整体健康和福祉中发挥更大的作用)”以及第三段“WhileitreceivesinputfromtheCNS,itcanoperateindependently,regulatingprocessessuchasbloodflowandgutmovement.Thisnaturedemonstratesitsresemblancetoa“secondbrain”.(当它接受来自中枢神经系统的输入时，它可以独立运作，调节血液流动和肠道运动等过程。这种特性表明了它与“第二大脑”的相似之处)”可知，肠神经系统的功能是调节消化、血液循环和肠道蠕动。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thesechemicalsinfluencemood,anxiety,andevencognition,suggestingthatguthealthdirectlyimpactsmentalhealth.(这些化学物质会影响情绪、焦虑，甚至认知，这表明肠道健康直接影响心理健康)”可知，神经递质会影响情绪和认知。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“SomearguethatwhilethetheoryacknowledgestheENSisplex,labelingitasa“secondbrain”mayoversimplifyormislead.(一些人认为，虽然该理论承认ENS是复杂的，但将其称为“第二大脑”可能过于简化或误导)”可知，该理论受到批评的主要原因是因为这可能会引起误解。故选C。第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Conversationsareliketwowaystreets:wetaketurnsspeakingandlistening.Whileweoftenfocusonwhatwesay,there’ssomethingprofoundlypositiveintheactoflistening.___36___Buthere’swhereitgetstricky:beingagoodlistenerisn’teasy.Itcanbeemotionallydraining,especiallyintoughconversations.MycolleaguesandIrecentlyexploredthedownsidesoflisteninginastudywithschoolteachers.Weaskedtheteachershowmuchefforttheyputintolisteningtotheirstudents.Andwefoundthatthemoreeffortteachersputintolistening,themoretheyreportedfeelingburnedout.Whydoesthishappen?Forteachers,listeningisn’tjustabouthearingwords.___37___Thiscanbeincrediblydraining,especiallywhenteachersfeelresponsibleforsolvingproblemstheymaynothavetheresourcesortimetoaddress.Thisisn’tjustaproblemforteachers,itaffectsallofus.Whetherwe’reparents,partners,friends,orcolleagues,weallfindourselvesinsituationswherewehavetolistentoothers’worriesandstresses.Andwithoutrealizingit,weabsorbthatemotionalweight.___38___In