陕西2020-2024年中考英语五年真题汇编教师版-专题02 完形填空

陕西2020-2024年中考英语五年真题汇编教师版——专题02完形填空【五年考情回顾】年份体裁主题内容2024年记叙文本文主要介绍乌龟觉得生活很无趣，想要尝试飞翔，他让鹰把自己带到山上，但最终结果可想而知。故事告诉我们：我们需要更好地了解自己，这样我们才能做出更明智的决定。2023年记叙文本文是一位失聪女孩AmeliaGrant写给HelenKeller的一封信。2022年记叙文本文主要讲述了刘涛和他爸爸建造了一个树屋。2021年记叙文本文讲述了一个猩猩Remy的妈妈在他生下来时就生病了，所以他不得不找一个养母来照顾他，他很幸运地找到了从来没有自己孩子的Madu，Madu教他吃东西，教他如何悬挂和攀爬。2020年记叙文作者居住的城镇附近原本有一片森林，但是被砍伐了。于是在老师的呼吁下，同学们一起在那里播种、栽树、几年后，森林又恢复了原貌。（2024·陕西·中考真题）阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。TheTurtlewasnotsatisfiedwithhislife.Hewantedsomuchto1beingaturtle.“I’mtiredofswimmingaboutintheseaandmovingaroundonthebeach.Lifeisnot2,”hethought.“Iwanttobeabletoflyintheairlikeaneagle.”HespoketotheEagleaboutit.“You’renotbuiltfor3,”theEagletoldtheTurtle.“Youdon’thaveanywings.”“Don’t4that,”answeredtheTurtle.“I’vewatchedhowthebirdsdoitforalongtime.I’vewatched5howtheyflyanddothingsintheair.IthinkIreallygotit.6Idon’thavewings,Icanmakemyfourflippers(鳍足)actlikewingsofbirdsintheair,thewayIdointhewater.Justgetmeupthere,andyou’llseeIcanflyaswellasanyofthebirds—probablyeven7!Besides,ifyoucarrymeashighastheclouds,Iwillbringyoulotsofnicepearls(珍珠)fromtheseatoshowmythanks.”TheEagle8atlast,andcarriedtheTurtleuphighintothesky.“Nowthen!”criedtheEagle.“Fly!”ButthemomenttheTurtlewasonhisown,hefellfromthe9.Hefelllikeastone,andonastonehelanded.Hehititwithsuchforcethathebrokeintolittlepieces.Weneedto10ourselvesbettersothatwecanmakewiserdecisions.1．A．continue B．stop C．try D．enjoy2．A．interesting B．healthy C．busy D．hard3．A．swimming B．running C．flying D．climbing4．A．lookafter B．hearabout C．preparefor D．worryabout5．A．quickly B．carefully C．strangely D．helplessly6．A．Though B．Before C．Unless D．Until7．A．better B．lower C．nearer D．earlier8．A．refused B．agreed C．won D．left9．A．tree B．house C．sky D．mountain10．A．relax B．express C．teach D．understand【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．D5．B6．A7．A8．B9．C10．D【导语】本文主要介绍乌龟觉得生活很无趣，想要尝试飞翔，他让鹰把自己带到山上，但最终结果可想而知。故事告诉我们：我们需要更好地了解自己，这样我们才能做出更明智的决定。1．句意：他非常想不再做一只乌龟。continue继续；stop停止；try尝试；enjoy欣赏。根据“TheTurtlewasnotsatisfiedwithhislife.”可知，乌龟对自己的生活并不满意，所以他非常想不再做一只乌龟。故选B。2．句意：生活是无趣的。interesting有趣的；healthy健康的；busy忙碌的；hard困难的。根据“Iwanttobeabletoflyintheairlikeaneagle.”可知，乌龟想能够像鹰一样在空中飞翔，所以乌龟是觉得生活很无趣，故选A。3．句意：你不是为飞行而生的。swimming游泳；running跑；flying飞；climbing爬。根据“Youdon’thaveanywings.”可知，鹰告诉乌龟他不是为飞行而生，故选C。4．句意：别担心。lookafter照顾；hearabout听说；preparefor准备；worryabout担心。根据“IthinkIreallygotit.”可知，乌龟让鹰不要担心，故选D。5．句意：我仔细观察过它们是如何飞行和在空中做事情的。quickly迅速地；carefully仔细地；strangely奇怪地；helplessly无助地。根据“I’vewatched...howtheyfly”可知，乌龟仔细观察过鸟儿如何飞行，故选B。6．句意：虽然我没有翅膀，但我可以让我的四个脚蹼像鸟的翅膀一样在空中运动，就像我在水里一样。Though虽然；Before在之前；Unless除非；Until直到。前后两句构成让步关系，用Though引导让步状语从句，故选A。7．句意：只要把我抬上去，你就会看到我飞得和任何鸟一样好——甚至可能更好！better更好；lower更低；nearer更近；earlier更早。根据“Icanflyaswellasanyofthebirds—probablyeven...”可知，乌龟说自己甚至可能飞得更好，故选A。8．句意：鹰最后同意了，把乌龟抬上了天。refused拒绝；agreed同意；won赢得；left离开。根据“andcarriedtheTurtleuphighintothesky”可知，鹰最后同意了，故选B。9．句意：但是当乌龟独自一人的时候，他从天上掉了下来。tree树；house房子；sky天空；mountain山。根据“ButthemomenttheTurtlewasonhisown,hefellfromthe...”可知，乌龟从天上掉了下来，故选C。10．句意：我们需要更好地了解自己，这样我们才能做出更明智的决定。relax使放松；express表达；teach教；understand理解。根据“Weneedto...ourselvesbettersothatwecanmakewiserdecisions.”可知，我们需要更好地了解自己，故选D。（2023·陕西·中考真题）DearHelenKeller,I’mgladtowritetoyouagaintotellyouhowyourbookhasinfluencedme.Ireadthatyoureallybroughtyourparentslotsof11andtheydidn’tknowwhattodo!Thentheyfoundagreat12foryou—Ms.Sullivan.Withgreatpatience,sheshowedandtaughtyouthattherewasawordtodescribeeveryobjectandidea.BecauseofMs.Sullivan,you’renowableto13andwritebytouch.Ialsoreadthatyoulovetoaskquestions.Sonow,Idothesamethingasyoudo.Itreallyhelpsmealotto14.IamlearningmorenowthanIeverdidbeforeIlostmyhearing.Maybemymotheris15whenshesays“everycloudhasasilverlining.*”Evenwhensomethingseemsreallybad,a16thingcancomefromit.IhaveabestfriendAnnaBaileyinmycity.WhenIlostmyhearing,I17Iwouldlosethisfriend.Ithoughtshemightwanttoplayonlywithpeoplewhocouldhear.ButIwaswrong.Annastayed18withme.Sheevenhelpedme.ShetoldmeIwouldgetusedtobeingdeaf.“Itmighttakesometime,”shesaid.“Butyou’llfindyourfeet.**”Shemademefeel19.WhenIfirstheardaboutyou,Iwasreally20andinterested.Eventhoughyouaredeafandblind,youcandoalmostanything!Youevenwenttocollege.Youarelikeaherotome.IhopethatonedayIcanvisityou.Yours,AmeliaGrant*Thesayingmeansthat“everysadordifficultsituationhasapositiveside”.**Theexpression“tofindyourfeet”means“tobecomeconfidentinanewsituation”.11．A．trouble B．help C．advice D．luck12．A．cleaner B．worker C．teacher D．driver13．A．dance B．read C．play D．watch14．A．answer B．draw C．see D．learn15．A．wrong B．right C．free D．busy16．A．good B．strange C．funny D．usual17．A．ordered B．forgot C．hoped D．thought18．A．members B．cousins C．friends D．strangers19．A．happy B．sad C．bad D．shy20．A．worried B．bored C．tired D．surprised【答案】11．A12．C13．B14．D15．B16．A17．D18．C19．A20．D【导语】本文是一位失聪女孩AmeliaGrant写给HelenKeller的一封信。11．句意：我读到你给你父母带来了很多麻烦，他们不知道该怎么办！trouble麻烦；help帮助；advice建议；luck运气。根据“andtheydidn’tknowwhattodo!”可知是给父母带来很多麻烦。故选A。12．句意：然后他们给你找了个好老师——Sullivan。cleaner清洁工；worker工人；teacher老师；driver驾驶员。根据“Withgreatpatience,sheshowedandtaughtyouthattherewasawordtodescribeeveryobjectandidea.”可知Sullivan是老师。故选C。13．句意：因为Sullivan女士，你现在可以靠触摸来读写了。dance跳舞；read读；play玩；watch观看。根据“you’renowableto...andwritebytouch.”可知AmeliaGrant看不见，因此是通过触摸来读和写。故选B。14．句意：学习对我帮助很大。answer回答；draw画画；see看见；learn学习。根据“IamlearningmorenowthanIeverdidbeforeIlostmyhearing.”可知是在学习上对自己的帮助很大。故选D。15．句意：也许我妈妈说的“黑暗中总有一线光明”是对的。wrong错误的；right正确的；free自由的；busy忙碌的。根据“whenshesays“everycloudhasasilverlining.”和“Thesayingmeansthat‘everysadordifficultsituationhasapositiveside’.”可知作者认为妈妈说的话是对的。故选B。16．句意：“即使事情看起来很糟糕，也会有好事发生。”good好的；strange奇怪的；funny有趣的；usual通常的。根据“Thesayingmeansthat‘everysadordifficultsituationhasapositiveside’.”可知此处是指即使事情很糟糕，也会有好事发生。故选A。17．句意：当我失去听力的时候，我以为我会失去这个朋友。ordered命令；forgot忘记；hoped希望；thought认为。根据“I...Iwouldlosethisfriend.”和“Ithoughtshemightwanttoplayonlywithpeoplewhocouldhear.”可知作者以为失去听力就会失去朋友。故选D。18．句意：Anna一直是我的朋友。members成员；cousins表兄(或弟、姊、妹)，堂兄(或弟、姊、妹)；friends朋友；strangers陌生人。根据“ButIwaswrong.”可知此处表示转折，表示Anna还是自己朋友。故选C。19．句意：她让我感到快乐。happy开心的；sad悲伤的；bad坏的；shy害羞的。根据“Sheevenhelpedme.”可知朋友让自己感到开心。故选A。20．句意：当我第一次听说你的时候，我真的很惊讶和感兴趣。worried担心的；bored无聊的；tired累的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Eventhoughyouaredeafandblind,youcandoalmostanything!(即使你又聋又瞎，你几乎可以做任何事！)”可知HelenKeller又聋又瞎但是可以做很多事，这让作者感到很惊讶。故选D。（2022·陕西·中考真题）阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。OnemorningwhenLiuTaowokeup,hejumpedoutofhisbedhappily.Hehada21idea.Hewouldbuildatreehouse!LiuTaoaskedhisdad,“IsitOKifIbuildatreehouseintheoldtreeoutsidethe22?”“It’snotonlyOK,”saidDad.“I’lleven23youbuildit.”Whentheyfinishedbreakfast,bothofthemwentouttothe24intheirgardenandbegantomeasure(测量).Thentheygotsomeboardsandstartedto25themwithasaw(锯子).Whenthepieceswereready,LiuTaoclimbedupinthetreeandDadhandedhimtheboards.Theyfixedtheboardstosome26branches.Somebirdsweresingingaroundthembuttheyhadnotimetoenjoythe27ofthebirds.BuildingatreehousewasmuchworkandlotsofthingswerewaitingforLiuTaoandhisdad.Theyworkedthewhole28.Theyevenputaroofoverthetreehousesothatitcouldkeep29intherain.Atlast,theyfinishedjustbeforedark.Earlythatnight,LiuTaoaskedhisbrotherifhecouldborrowasleepingbag.“Sure,”saidthebrother.“But30Igowithyou?”“Ofcourse,youcan.”LiuTaosmiled.Thentheybothranupstairstogetready.21．A．boring B．wrong C．great D．similar22．A．park B．school C．shop D．house23．A．make B．hear C．help D．watch24．A．tree B．chair C．flower D．stone25．A．wash B．cut C．sell D．paint26．A．strong B．weak C．dead D．new27．A．shapes B．dances C．songs D．colors28．A．morning B．afternoon C．night D．day29．A．cold B．dry C．hot D．wet30．A．must B．should C．need D．can【答案】21．C22．D23．C24．A25．B26．A27．C28．D29．B30．D【导语】本文主要讲述了刘涛和他爸爸建造了一个树屋。21．句意：他有一个好的想法。boring无聊的；wrong错误；great好的；similar相似的。根据“Hehada...idea”以及后文可知，他有一个好主意，去建造树屋。故选C。22．句意：我可以在房子外的老树上建一个树屋吗？park公园；school学校；shop商店；house房子。根据“Ibuildatreehouseintheoldtreeoutsidethe”可知是在他家外面的树上建一个树屋。故选D。23．句意：我甚至会帮你建造它。make制造；hear听；help帮助；watch看。根据后文的描述可知他爸爸帮他建造树屋。故选C。24．句意：吃完早餐，两人走到花园里的树旁，开始测量。tree树；chair椅子；flower花；stone石头。根据“bothofthemwentouttothe”可知他们走到树旁开始建造树屋的工作。故选A。25．句意：然后他们拿了一些木板，开始用锯子切割它们。wash洗；cut切割；sell卖；paint画。根据“Thentheygotsomeboardsandstartedto...themwithasaw”可知用锯切割木板。故选B。26．句意：他们把木板固定在一些坚固的树枝上。strong坚固的；weak虚弱的；dead死的；new新的。根据“Theyfixedtheboardstosome...branches”可知建造树屋要在坚固的树枝上。故选A。27．句意：有些鸟儿在他们周围唱歌，但他们没有时间欣赏鸟儿的歌曲。shapes形状；dances舞蹈；songs歌曲；colors颜色。根据“Somebirdsweresingingaroundthem”可知是没有时间欣赏鸟儿的歌曲。故选C。28．句意：他们工作了一整天。morning早上；afternoon下午；night晚上；day天。根据“Whentheyfinishedbreakfast”以及“Atlast,theyfinishedjustbeforedark”可知他们工作了一整天。故选D。29．句意：他们甚至在树屋上盖了一个屋顶，这样它就可以在雨中保持干燥。cold寒冷的；dry干燥的；hot热的；wet弄湿。根据“Theyevenputaroofoverthetreehousesothatitcouldkeep”可知盖屋顶的目的是保持干燥。故选B。30．句意：但是我能和你一起去吗？must必须；should应该；need需要；can可以。此处是请求允许，用can。故选D。（2021·陕西·中考真题）Remy’smothergotsickbeforehewasborn.Shecouldnot31Remy.Soheneededafostermothertotakecareofhim.Afostermotherisamotherwhotakessomeoneelse’schildintoher32andcaresforthechildforaperiodoftimejustaswhatshewoulddotoherownchild.Inourhumansociety,whenachild’s33meettheirunfortunate（不幸的）deathsforacertainreasonorreasons,oritsparentsbecometoo34tolookafterit,thischildwillhavetofindafosterfamily,especiallywhenitisababyorataveryyoungage.Intheworldof35innature,theyoungmaynotbesoluckyoreasytofindafosterparentiftheirparentsdieor36theabilitytoraisethem.Mostofthemwillhavetofacea37end.WillRemybeasunluckyasmostoftheunfortunateyoung?Maduisagrown-uporangutan.She38hadababyofherown.Butshehadcaredfortwootherorangutanbabiesthatdidn’thavemoms.WouldMadubeafostermothertoRemy,too?Withhisblanketandtoys,Remywentto39Madu.Itwasloveatfirstsight.SoonRemyclimbedonMadu’sback.RemywatchedMadu.MadutaughtRemywhattoeat,40shealsoshowedhimhowtohangandclimb.Remylearnedhowtobeanorangutan.31．A．lookafter B．lookat C．lookfor D．looklike32．A．office B．company C．shop D．family33．A．relatives B．neighbors C．parents D．friends34．A．sick B．kind C．healthy D．rich35．A．plants B．animals C．water D．space36．A．have B．lose C．develop D．keep37．A．moving B．boring C．happy D．sad38．A．seldom B．often C．sometimes D．never39．A．refuse B．meet C．control D．hurt40．A．and B．but C．or D．so【答案】31．A32．D33．C34．A35．B36．B37．D38．D39．B40．A【分析】本文讲述了一个猩猩Remy的妈妈在他生下来时就生病了，所以他不得不找一个养母来照顾他，他很幸运地找到了从来没有自己孩子的Madu，Madu教他吃东西，教他如何悬挂和攀爬。31．句意：她不能照顾Remy。lookafter照顾；lookat看；lookfor寻找；looklike看起来像。根据“Remy’smothergotsickbeforehewasborn”可知，妈妈生病了所以无法照顾他，故选A。32．句意：养母是把别人的孩子带进自己家庭的母亲。office办公室；company公司；shop商店；family家庭。根据“Afostermotherisamotherwhotakessomeoneelse’schildintoher”可知，养母就是把别人的孩子带到自己的家里抚养，故选D。33．句意：当一个孩子的父母因为某种原因不幸死亡时。relatives亲戚；neighbors邻居；parents父母；friends朋友。根据“oritsparents…”可知，此处指父母遇见了什么意外，故选C。34．句意：或者它的父母病得不能照顾它。sick病态的；kind善良的；healthy健康的；rich富有的。根据“too…tolookafterit”可知，父母生病了才无法照顾孩子，故选A。35．句意：在自然界的动物世界里，如果它们的父母去世或失去抚养它们的能力，幼崽可能不会那么幸运或容易找到养父母。plants植物；animals动物；water水；space空间。根据“Intheworldof…innature…”且本文描述的是一个猩猩，所以可推断，此处是指动物世界里，故选B。36．句意：在自然界的动物世界里，如果它们的父母去世或失去抚养它们的能力，幼崽可能不会那么幸运或容易找到养父母。have有；lose失去；develop提高；keep保持。根据“findafosterparent”可知，父母失去了抚养孩子的能力，才需要找一个养母，故选B。37．句意：它们中的大多数将不得不面对一个悲惨的结局。moving感动的；boring无聊的；happy开心的；sad凄惨的。根据“WillRemybeasunluckyasmostoftheunfortunateyoung?”可知，大部分的结局都很惨，故选D。38．句意：她从未有过自己的孩子。seldom很少；often经常；sometimes有时；never从不。根据“Butshehadcaredfortwootherorangutanbabiesthatdidn’thavemoms”可知，她并没有自己的孩子，故选D。39．句意：Remy拿着毯子和玩具去见Madu。refuse拒绝；meet见面；control控制；hurt伤害。根据“Remywentto…Madu”可知，Remy去见了Madu，故选B。40．句意：Madu教Remy吃什么，她还教他如何悬挂和攀爬。and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。“MadutaughtRemywhattoeat”与“shealsoshowedhimhowtohangandclimb”是并列关系，故选A。（2020·陕西·中考真题）Myfathertoldmethatthereusedtobeaforestnearourtown.Butthefarmerwhoownedtheforest41treeseveryyearuntiloneyear,therewerenotreesleft.Oneday,ourteachertookusoutandwehada42inthefieldwheretheforestusedtobe.Whileeatinganddrinking,we43aboutthebeautifulforestweoncehad.Oneofmyclassmatescomesfromatribe(部落)thatlivedinthewestofourcountry.Hetolduswhathethoughtaboutthechange.“Itmakesmereally44tolearnthataforesthasdisappeared.Mypeoplehavetaughtmeto45thinksevengenerations(七代人)inthefuture.That’stosay,whenwedosomethingtotheland,weshouldnever46it.Wemustcareaboutnatureandleaveitgoodenoughforlatergenerations.Whenweheardwhathesaid,wekept47first."Let’splantsometrees!"saidourteacherafteramoment.“Itwillbeagood48!”Sothat’swhatwedid.Fortherestofthespring,weworkedhardandweplantedthousandsoftrees.Thatwasfiveyearsago.Today,whenIstandinthatfieldwhichwasonceempty,Isee49aboutastallasIam.It’sgreattoseehowwe’ve50thefield.Ittaughtusthepowerofthinkingaboutthefuture.41．A．cutup B．cutdown C．lookedfor D．lookedafter42．A．picnic B．test C．wish D．lesson43．A．planned B．feared C．knew D．talked44．A．tired B．excited C．sad D．hopeful45．A．sometimes B．always C．seldom D．never46．A．protect B．hurt C．study D．sell47．A．thankful B．happy C．silent D．shy48．A．start B．mistake C．mess D．warning49．A．trees B．leaves C．grass D．flowers50．A．broken B．bought C．wasted D．changed【答案】41．B42．A43．D44．C45．B46．B47．C48．A49．A50．D【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者居住的城镇附近原本有一片森林，但是被砍伐了。于是在老师的呼吁下，同学们一起在那里播种、栽树、几年后，森林又恢复了原貌。41．句意：但是拥有这片森林的农民每年都要砍树，直到有一年，树都不剩了。cutup切碎；cutdown砍倒；lookedfor寻找；lookedafter照顾。根据下文“therewerenotreesleft”可知，农民每年都要砍树。故选B。42．句意：有一天，老师带我们出去，我们在森林曾经所在的田野里野餐。picnic野餐；test测试；wish愿望；lesson课堂。根据下文“Whileeatinganddrinking”可知，老师带我们野餐。故选A。43．句意：我们边吃边喝，一边谈论着曾经拥有的美丽森林。planned计划；feared害怕；knew知道；talked谈论。根据下文“Hetolduswhathethoughtaboutthechange”可知，我们在一起讨论曾经美丽的森林。故选D。44．句意：知道森林消失的消息让我非常难过。tired劳累的；excited兴奋的；sad悲伤的；hopeful有希望的。根据下文“Wemustcareaboutnatureandleaveitgoodenoughforlatergenerations”可知，这位同学从小就知道保护自然的重要性，因此当他知道森林消失非常伤心。故选C。45．句意：我的族人教导我要永远为未来的七代人着想。sometimes有时；always总是，一直；seldom很少；never从不。根据下文“Wemustcareaboutnatureandleaveitgoodenoughforlatergenerations”可知，我的族人教导我要一直为未来的七代人着想。故选B。46．句意：也就是说，当我们对土地做了什么，我们永远不应该伤害它。protect保护；hurt伤害；study学习；sell售卖。根据下文“Wemustcareaboutnatureandleaveitgoodenoughforlatergenerations”可知，我们永远不能伤害土地。故选B。47．句意：我们听到他的话后，首先保持了沉默。thankful欣慰的；happy高兴的；silent沉默的；shy害羞的。根据下文“‘Let’splantsometrees!’saidourteacherafteramoment”可知，我们听完同学的话，陷入了沉默。故选C。48．句意：这将是一个好的开始！start开始；mistake错误；mess混乱；warning警告。根据上文“Let’splantsometrees!”可知，老师提议我们一起种树，这对森林来说将是一个新的开始。故选A。49．句意：今天，当我站在那片曾经是空旷的土地上，我看到了一些和我一样高的树。trees树；leaves树叶；grass草；flowers花。根据上文“weworkedhardandweplantedthousandsoftrees”可知，我看到了一些和我一样高的树。故选A。50．句意：很高兴看到我们改变了这片田地。broken打破；bought买；wasted浪费；changed改变。根据上文“whenIstandinthatfieldwhichwasonceempty,IseetreesaboutastallasIam”可知，这片田地过去是光秃秃的，但现在长满了树，所以我们改变了这片田地。故选D。（2024·陕西商洛·三模）LifeatCambridgewasexcitingforCharles.Thenbug(虫子)-collectingwasa51activityamongthestudentsthere.Theywouldspendalotoftimelookingforinsectsandholdcompetitionstoseewhocouldfindthemost52bugs!Bug-madCharlessoonbecameoneofthese“collectors”.Once,Charlesfoundadeadtree—agreatplaceto53newinsects!Hepulledawaysomeofitsbark(树皮)andfoundaverybeautifulbug.Hecaughtitwithonehand.Hethenfoundanother,andcaughtitinhisotherhand.Thatwaswhenhesawaveryunusualbugrunningaround.Thinkingquickly,heputoneoftheinsectshewasholdingintohis54sothathecouldcatchthenewone.Inasecond,herealizedhehadmadeabig55—thebuginhismouthletoutsomesourjuicethatmadehimspit(吐)itout.Inacough,he56allthreebugsandhadtostartlookingalloveragain!Hecouldn’thelpbut57atwhathadhappened:howamazing!Italsogavehimagreatidea:whynot58aclubwhereheandhisfriendscouldtasteotherunusualthings?CharlessetuptheGluttonClubtosharehisinterestin59strangecreatures.Thememberswouldservedifferentinsectsandthencomparetheirtastestoseewhichtastedbest.Theboywholovedbugsneverlosthisinterestinexploringthesecretsofnature.Hewouldgoontohavemanyexcitingadventures(冒险)anddiscovermanyamazingthings.Youmightnothaveguessedthattheboyinthis60isCharlesDarwin.51．A．hidden B．popular C．small D．polite52．A．serious B．delicious C．expensive D．unusual53．A．lookfor B．providefor C．payfor D．callfor54．A．pocket B．mouth C．hair D．shoe55．A．achievement B．success C．surprise D．mistake56．A．killed B．hurt C．lost D．caught57．A．cry B．laugh C．shake D．knock58．A．start B．throw C．choose D．control59．A．talking B．raising C．eating D．drawing60．A．film B．diary C．photo D．story【答案】51．B52．D53．A54．B55．D56．C57．B58．A59．C60．D【导语】本文讲了达尔文读书时热衷收集昆虫，创立贪吃者俱乐部品尝奇异生物，为日后探索自然奥秘奠定基础。51．句意：那时，收集虫子在那里的学生中很受欢迎。hidden隐藏的；popular流行的；small小的；polite礼貌的。根据“Theywouldspendalotoftimelookingforinsects”可知，设空处应该说收集虫子很受欢迎。故选B。52．句意：他们会花很多时间寻找昆虫，并举行比赛，看谁能找到最不寻常的虫子！serious认真的；delicious美味的；expensive昂贵的；unusual不平常的。根据“andholdcompetitionstoseewhocouldfindthemost”并结合语境，指的是最不寻常的虫子。故选D。53．句意：有一次，查尔斯发现了一棵死树——一个寻找新昆虫的好地方！lookfor寻找；providefor提供；payfor支付；callfor呼吁。根据前文“holdcompetitionstoseewhocouldfindthemostunusualbugs!”可知，这里指的是寻找昆虫的好地方。故选A。54．句意：他想得很快，把手里的一只昆虫放进嘴里，这样他就能抓住那只新的。pocket口袋；mouth嘴巴；hair头发；shoe鞋子。根据后文“thebuginhismouthletoutsomesourjuicethatmadehimspit(吐)itout.”可知，他把手里的一只昆虫放进嘴里了。故选B。55．句意：一秒钟后，他意识到自己犯了一个大错误——他嘴里的虫子吐出了一些酸汁，让他把它吐了出来。achievement成就；success成功；surprise惊讶；mistake错误。根据“heputoneoftheinsectshewasholdingintohismouth”以及“thebuginhismouthletoutsomesourjuicethatmadehimspit(吐)itout.”可知，他意识到自己犯了一个大错误。故选D。56．句意：在一次咳嗽中，他失去了所有的三只虫子，不得不重新开始寻找！killed杀死；hurt伤害；lost失去；caught抓住。根据“allthreebugsandhadtostartlookingalloveragain!”可知，应该说失去了所有的三只虫子，故选C。57．句意：他不禁对所发生的事笑了起来：多么不可思议啊！cry哭泣；laugh笑；shake摇；knock敲。根据“atwhathadhappened:”以及“howamazing!”可知，应说他对所发生的事笑了起来，考查短语laughat“笑”。故选B。58．句意：这也给了他一个好主意：为什么不成立一个俱乐部，在那里他和他的朋友们可以品尝其他不寻常的东西？start开始；throw扔；choose选择；control控制。根据“aclubwhereheandhisfriendscouldtasteotherunusualthings?”可知，应该说成立一个俱乐部，故选A。59．句意：查尔斯成立了贪吃者俱乐部来分享他对吃奇怪生物的兴趣。talking谈话；raising筹款；eating吃；drawing画。根据“Thememberswouldservedifferentinsectsandthencomparetheirtastestoseewhichtastedbest.”可知，这里指的是成立了贪吃者俱乐部来分享他对吃奇怪生物的兴趣。故选C。60．句意：你可能没有猜到这个故事中的男孩就是查尔斯·达尔文。film电影；diary日记；photo照片；story故事。根据“this”并结合上文所述的故事，这里讲的是故事中的男孩是达尔文。故选D。（2024·陕西渭南·二模）阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。Thereoncelivedanelephantinaforest.Hewasveryarrogant(傲慢的).Hewasveryproudofhisstrengthandhugebody.Theother61intheforestfearedhimalot.Heenjoyeddoingthingsthatshowedoffhisstrengthandalways62othersmallanimalsintheforest.Inthatforest,therealso63afamilyofants.Oneday,whentheantswereouttocollectfood,theelephantstoppedthemandsprayed(喷)wateronthem.Theantsgot64.“Youshouldnottroubleothersforyourownpleasure.”Theelephantshoutedangrilyandsaid,“Keepquiet,orIwillcrush(压)youtodeath.”Now,theantsdecidedtoteachthearrogantanimala65forlife.Theyslowlyspreadtohisearsandstartedbiting(咬)him.Theelephantbecamepainfulandstartedcryingforhelp.Noneoftheanimalscameforwardto66him.Theywerehappytoseehimgettingpunishedforhisacts.Hekeptsaying67totheants,buttheycontinuedtobitehim.Whentheyweresurethathehaslearnedhislesson,they68himgo.“Thisishowothersfeelwhenyouhurtthem.”saidthey.Theantsleft,leavingacryingelephantthere.Fromthenon,theelephant69troubledanyoneintheforest.Hebegantobe70andfriendlytoothersandslowlybecamepopular.61．A．trees B．animals C．mountains D．rivers62．A．left B．refused C．failed D．troubled63．A．lived B．saved C．watched D．lost64．A．happy B．angry C．excited D．afraid65．A．voice B．training C．symbol D．lesson66．A．help B．forget C．agree D．know67．A．thanks B．hello C．sorry D．goodbye68．A．felt B．let C．held D．taught69．A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．never70．A．strict B．brave C．polite D．nervous【答案】61．B62．D63．A64．B65．D66．A67．C68．B69．D70．C【导语】本文主要讲述了一头傲慢的大象，经常骚扰其他动物，有一天他朝蚂蚁们喷水，后来这群蚂蚁咬了他，他明白了当他伤害别人的时候，别人的感受会不好，从那以后，他再也不骚扰其他的动物了。61．句意：森林里的其他动物都很怕他。trees树；animals动物；mountains山；rivers河。根据“Thereoncelivedanelephantinaforest.”和“ Theother...fearedhimalot.”可知，此处应为大象以外的其他动物。故选B。62．句意：他喜欢做一些展示自己力量的事情，并且总是骚扰森林里的其他小动物。left离开（leave的过去式）；refused拒绝（refuse的过去式）；failed失败（fail的过去式）；troubled使……苦恼（trouble的过去式）。根据“Heenjoyeddoingthingsthatshowedoffhisstrength”可知，此处应是大象为了炫耀他的力量，总去骚扰其他动物。故选D。63．句意：在那片森林里，还住着蚂蚁家族。lived居住；saved拯救；watched观看；lost丢失。根据句意可知，此处表达蚂蚁家族也住在森林里。故选A。64．句意：蚂蚁们生气了。happy开心的；angry生气的；excited兴奋的；afraid担心的。根据“Youshouldnottroubleothersforyourownpleasure.”可知，蚂蚁们对大象的行为很生气。故选B。65．句意：现在，蚂蚁们决定给这个傲慢的动物一个终身的教训。voice声音；training训练；symbol符号；lesson教训。根据“theantsdecidedtoteach...a...”可知，此处表示蚂蚁们决定给傲慢的大象一个终生难忘的教训。故选D。66．句意：没有一个动物站出来帮助他。help帮助；forget忘记；agree同意；know知道。根据“Theelephant...cryingforhelp.”可知，大象寻求帮助但没有人来帮助他。故选A。67．句意：他不停地向蚂蚁道歉，但他们还是继续咬他。thanks感谢；hello你好；sorry对不起；goodbye再见。根据“... buttheycontinuedtobitehim.”可知，前后为转折关系，此处应表示虽然大象道歉了，但是蚂蚁们还是继续咬他。故选C。68．句意：当他们确信他已经吸取了教训时，就放他走了。felt感觉（feel的过去式）；let让；held保持（hold的过去式）；taught教（teach的过去式）。根据“Whentheyweresurethathehaslearnedhislesson...”可知，当蚂蚁们确信大象得到了教训，就让他走了。故选B。69．句意：从那以后，大象再也没有骚扰过森林里的任何人。always总是；usually通常；sometimes有时；never从不。根据“theelephant...troubledanyoneintheforest.”可知，“anyone”用于表示否定意义的陈述句子中，此处应表示大象再也不骚扰森林里的任何人了。故选D。70．句意：他开始对别人礼貌友好，慢慢地变得受欢迎了。strict严格的；brave勇敢的；polite礼貌的；nervous紧张的。根据“...andfriendlytoothersandslowlybecamepopular.”可知，大象变得受欢迎是因为他礼貌友好待人。故选C。（2024·陕西榆林·三模）LyuMenggrewupandbecamebetterandbetteratfighting.DengDangstartedtoseehimwith71eyes.Finally,hebecametheassistant(助手)toDengDang.Afewyearslater,DengDang72.Afterhisdeath,LyuMengbecametheleaderofhisarmy.LyuMengwasverybravebuthewasnotwell73.Theemperor(皇帝)oftheEasternWuKingdomwascalledSunQuan.Hesawthe74LyuMeng.Oneday,hesaid,“You’re75,butanarmyleaderneedsmorethanbravery.Heneedstoreadandlearn.”LyuMengclaimed(声称)thathewastoobusytoreadbooks.Theemperorsaid,“Idon’texpectyoutoreadevery76intheworld.Butyoumustreadsomeaboutwarandhistory!LyuMengwasnotsure.Theemperortoldhim,“Iusedtobethesameasyou.I77thepointofreading.Iwasonlyinterestedinlearningtofightbetter.Butoneday,I78abookandbegantoseetheworldwithneweyes.Igotalotfromreading.”Aftersomemorediscussion,LyuMengsaid,“You’re79.”Fromthenon,LyuMengbegantoreadmorebooksandSunQuanputhimina(n)80position.Finally,hebecameaveryfamousgeneralinhistime.71．A．small B．big C．new D．old72．A．laughed B．cried C．died D．returned73．A．dressed B．educated C．thought D．fought74．A．problemwith B．prideof C．interestin D．answerto75．A．clever B．brave C．honest D．strong76．A．notice B．stone C．diary D．book77．A．didn’tsee B．saw C．heard D．didn’thear78．A．turnedon B．putdown C．pickedup D．threwaway79．A．wrong B．right C．rich D．poor80．A．strange B．expensive C．peaceful D．important【答案】71．C72．C73．B74．A75．B76．D77．A78．C79．B80．D【导语】本文介绍了吕蒙骁勇善战，但是不愿意读书，在孙权的劝说下，开始读书，最后成为一带将领。71．句意：邓当开始用新的眼光看待他。small小的；big大的；new新的；old老的。根据“LyuMenggrewupandbecamebetterandbetteratfighting.”可知吕蒙长大战场了打仗，所以邓当用新的眼光看待他。故选C。72．句意：几年后，邓当死了。laughed笑；cried哭；died死；returned归还，返回。根据“Afterhisdeath”可知此处指邓当死了。故选C。73．句意：吕蒙很勇敢，但他没有受过良好的教育。dressed穿戴；educated教育；thought认为；fought打仗。根据“butanarmyleaderneedsmorethanbravery.Heneedstoreadandlearn.”可知吕蒙作为将领，还需要读书和学习，所以现在教育程度不够。故选B。74．句意：他看到了吕蒙的问题。problemwith问题；prideof自豪；interestin兴趣；answerto回答。根据“LyuMengwasverybravebuthewasnotwell...”可知此处指孙权看到了吕蒙的问题所在。故选A。75．句意：你很勇敢。clever聪明的；brave勇敢的；honest诚实的；strong强壮的。根据“butanarmyleaderneedsmorethanbravery.Heneedstoreadandlearn.”可知孙权说吕蒙很勇敢了，但是将领需要的不只是勇敢。故选B。76．句意：我不期望你读世界上的每一本书。notice注意；stone石头；diary日记；book书。根据“Butyoumustreadsomeaboutwarandhistory!”可知此处指读书。故选D。77．句意：我以前和你一样。我看不出读书的意义。didn’tsee没看见；saw看见；heard听说；didn’thear没听见。根据“thepointofreading”可知此处指没有看到读书的意义。故选A。78．句意：但有一天，我拿起一本书，开始用新的眼光看世界。turnedon打开；putdown放下；pickedup捡起；threwaway扔掉。根据“bookandbegantoseetheworldwithneweyes.”可知此处指拿起一本书看。故选C。79．句意：你是对的。wrong错误的；right正确的；rich富有的；poor贫穷的。根据“Fromthenon,LyuMengbegantoreadmorebooks”可知吕蒙认为孙权说的是对的，所以开始读书。故选B。80．句意：从那时起，吕蒙开始阅读更多的书籍，孙权把他放在一个重要的位置。strange奇怪的；expensive昂贵的；peaceful平静的；important重要的。根据“SunQuanputhimina(n)...position”可知孙权对吕蒙委以重任，所以是重要的位置。故选D。（2024·陕西咸阳·三模）阅读下面短文，理解大意，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。Fionacomplained(抱怨)toherfatherabouthowhardshethoughtlifewas.Shedidn’tknowhowtomakeitandwantedtogiveup.Fiona’sfathertookhertothe81.Hefilledthreepots(罐)withwaterandputeachonabigfire.Soonthewaterstartedtoboil.Inthefirstheputa82,inthesecondheputanegg,andinthelastheputcoffeepowder(粉).He83them,withoutsayingaword.Fionawaited,wonderingwhathewasdoing.Afterabout2084,heturnedoffthefire.