新课标2024高考英语一轮复习课时作业51-5NelsonMandela-amodernhero新人教版必修1

PAGEPAGE1课时作业51-5NelsonMandela—amodernheroⅠ.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。1．Althoughheisquiteold,heleadsan________life.His________includetennisandpainting.(active)2．Everyonehopestobetreated________，because________isthebasicdemand.(equal)3．Afterretiringfromthebasketballfield,YaoMingdecidedtogetfurther________(educate)inShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.4．Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitis________(cruelty)toeatanimals.5．Heoffered________(guide)tous.6.________(hopeful),I'llbeabletostayathomeforthreeweeksthistime.7．It's________(legal)todriveacarwithoutadriver'slicense.8．Hewas________(devote)tohiscareer.9．It's________(fair)totreatwomenbadly.10．Tomisa________(self)boy,whoalwaysthinksofothers.11．Henever________heartwhenhewasintrouble.12．Itwasaprisonfrom________noonecouldescape.13．Theownerofthegardenallowedus________(enter)thegarden.14．Mymotherdevotedmostofhertimeto________(care)formysickfather.15．As________matteroffact,hewas________lawyer.16．Tomwasout________workatthattime.17．Heoftenturned________hisneighbourforhelp.18.________byincreasingthenumberofdoctorsby50percentcanthepatientsbetreatedproperlyinthishospital.19．Hewasthefirstman________(explore)theouterspace.20．TheVoiceofChinahassetupastage________somepeoplecanrealizetheirdreams.答案与解析1．active;activities2.equally;cation4．cruel5.guidance6.Hopefully7.illegal8．devoted9.unfair10.selfless11．lostloseheart灰心。12．which先行词为物，定语从句用介词＋which引导。13．toenterallowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事。14．caringdevote...todoing把……献给……。15．a;aasamatteroffact事实上；alawyer一名律师。16．ofoutofwork失业。17．toturnto向……求助。18．Only19．toexplore序数词后用不定式形式作定语。20．whereⅡ.依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024年吉林省长春市高三一模)Summeristheperfecttimetorelax.Asyouplanforyourtrip,herearesometipsonhowtoprotectyourself.__1__．Fightagainstthemosquitoesinthehotspots.Therearemanymosquitoborneillnessesintropicalregions，whicharetraditionallyvacationhotspots.Therefore，mosquitorepellent(驱蚊剂)thatcontainsDEETshouldbeanessentialiteminyourtravelbag.__2__．Inlesserdevelopedcountriesthereislessequipmentforcleanwaterandpublichealth.Ifyoucan'tavoidunhealthfulwater，makesureyoubringalongateaorcoffee—makingpotthatwillboilwaterforyou.You'dbetterbuyacaseortwoofwaterandcheckthatallbottlecapsaresealedtoassurethebottledwaterisn'tjustarefilledbottleofdirtytapwater.Alwaysprotectyourfeet.It'sbesttowearslippersintheshower，butifyoumustbebarefoot，putatoweldownonthefloor.__3__．Youshouldneverwalkbarefootinanyareaofaforeigncountry，includingyourhotelroom.Besuretoeatsafefruits.__4__．Theymayhavebeenwashedinthesamewater，orwipedwiththesameragusedtocleanworksurfacesinkitchens.Thebestadviceistobringyourownpeeler(削皮器)sothatyouknowthatsomethingcleanhasbeenappliedtothefruit.Enjoythesmellofroadsidestands，notthefood.Unlessthefoodispipinghotwhenserved，it'sbesttostayawayfromroadsidestands，nomatterhowgoodthesmellofthefoodmightbe.Ifyouareconcernedaboutwhetherarestaurantisclean，orderthefoodtogo.__5__．A．Don'ttrustthelocalwaterB．AnyfruitservedfreshmaybepollutedC．LookoutforanywaternotservedinabottleD．TheboxesmaybecleanerthantheplateorforkonthetableE．YoushouldknowhowtokeepyourselfawayfromdirtyfruitsF．TheyarenecessarytoavoidcomingbackwithamajorillnessfromyourtripG．Parasites(寄生虫)canentertheskinofyourfeetandtraveltodifferentpartsofthebody答案与解析这篇短文就出游时的自我爱护提出一些建议。1．F考查上下文理解推理实力。依据本段提到夏天是放松的最佳时间，这里有一些建议关于如何爱护你自己。下文是详细建议。因此F项“他们对于避开在旅途中带着大病回来是有必要的。”符合语境。故选F。2．A考查上下文理解推理实力。依据下段内容是关于旅游地的水不健康，要自己带水或者煮水的工具，可知A项“不要信任当地的水”可以概括下一段的内容。故选A。3．G考查上下文理解推理实力。依据本段标题“爱护好你的脚”以及上句意思提到不要赤脚，可知G项“寄生虫可以进入你脚部的皮肤，并传播到身体的不同部位。”符合语境。故选G。4．B考查上下文理解推理实力。依据本段标题“肯定要吃平安的水果”以及本段下部分内容：水果可能在同一水里洗，最好用自己的削皮器，可知B项“任何簇新的水果都可以被污染”放在句首，符合语境。故选B。5．D考查上下文理解推理实力。依据本段标题“享受路边摊的气味，而不是食物。”以及本段提到远离路边摊，不管气味多么好，可知D项“这些盒子可能比桌子上的盘子或叉子更干净。”符合语境。故选D。Ⅲ.完形填空TheHomelessHero(2024年高考·北京卷)Formany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incashwouldbeasource(来源)oftemptation(诱惑).Butthe__1__wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith__2__moreremarkable.Afterspottinga__3__onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe__4__toreturn.Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he__5__insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact(联系)thedriver,onlyto__6__itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter__7__anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar'sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar,whichwasitselfworth￡35,000inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere__8__tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas__9__．ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis__10__.Mr.Andersonsaid：“Icouldn'tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight__11__hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand__12__hedidn'ttakethewalletforhimself;hethoughtaboutothers__13__.It'sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare__14__guysoutthere.”Mr.Smith'sact__15__muchofthepublic'sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson__16__abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto__17__moneyforMr.Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8，000.“Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown__18__himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghiminthestreet;he'shadjob__19__andallsorts，”Mr.Andersoncommented.ForMr.Smith,thisisapossiblelife­changing__20__.Thestoryonceagaintellsusthatonegoodturndeservesanother.1．A.hope B．aimC．urge D．effort2．A.still B．evenC．ever D．once3．A.wallet B．bagC．box D．parcel4．A.partner B．colleagueC．owner D．policeman5．A.turned B．hidC．stepped D．reached6．A.discover B．collectC．check D．believe7．A.taking B．leavingC．reading D．writing8．A.satisfied B．excitedC．amused D．shocked9．A.safe B．missingC．found D．seen10．A.service B．supportC．kindness D．encouragement11．A.when B．ifC．where D．because12．A.rather B．yetC．already D．just13．A.too B．thoughC．again D．instead14．A.honest B．politeC．rich D．generous15．A.gave B．paidC．cast D．drew16．A.learned B．postedC．cared D．heard17．A.borrow B．raiseC．save D．earn18．A.of B．atC．for D．in19．A.details B．changesC．offers D．applications20．A.lesson B．adventureC．chance D．challenge答案与解析这是一篇记叙文，讲解并描述了流浪汉拾金不昧的故事。某雨天，流浪汉看到一辆未关车窗的车内放有钱包，怕钱包被盗，在雨中等待车主两小时。苦等无果，便拿着钱包去警局寻失主。车主获知事务经过，将经验共享到脸谱网上，为该地区流浪汉筹钱，最终流浪汉得到了很多工作机会。1．C句意：对很多人而言，找到一个装满400英镑现金且无人看管的钱包都会是种诱惑。而这种欲望对于无家可归、既没食物又没钱的人而言，无疑会更加剧烈。A.hope希望；B．aim目标；C．urge剧烈的欲望；D.effort努力。由空格前的the可知此处前文提到的temptation(诱惑)，所以此处选择其近义词urge(剧烈的欲望)，故答案为C。2．B句意：这一切使得无家可归的TomSmith的举动更为不同寻常，引人注目。A.still仍旧；B．even甚至；C.ever曾经；D.once曾经；此处修饰比较级，表示强调，故答案为B。3．A句意：在发觉了在一个没有关窗子的停着的汽车的前排座位上的钱包后，他站在雨中差不多两个小时守护着钱包等着主子归来。A.wallet钱包；B.bag包；C.box盒子；D.parcel包袱。依据第一句提到的anunattendedwalletfilledwith400incash可知是钱包，故答案为A。4．C句意：他站在雨中差不多两个小时守护着钱包等着主子归来。A．partner搭档；B.colleague同事；C.owner主子；D.policeman警察；守护着钱包，当然是等它的“owner”，故答案为C。5．D句意：在寒冷的雨中几个小时后，他把手伸进车里拿出钱包，希望能找到身份证，这样他就可以联系司机了。A.turned转身；B.hid躲藏；C.stepped迈步；D.reached伸手。钱包在车的前排座位上，想要拿到当然须要“伸手”，故答案为D。6．A句意：却发觉里面有400英镑的钞票，旁边还有50英镑的零钱。A.discover发觉；B.collect收集；C.check检查；核对；D.believe信任。打开钱包，“发觉”里面有钱，故答案为A。7．B句意：然后，他在留下一张便条告知车主钱包平安，便带着钱包去了旁边的警察局。A.taking带走；B.leaving留下；C.reading读；D.writing写。短语：leaveanote/message留便条，故答案为B。8．D句意：当车主和同事回到位于格拉斯哥市中心价值35000英镑的汽车停放的位置时，他们惊异地发觉有两个警察站在车的旁边。A.satisfied满足的；B.excited兴奋的；C.amused好笑的；D.shocked震惊的。没有违法却招来了警察，所以感到“震惊”，故答案为D。9．A句意：警察告知他们史密斯先生的所作所为，还有他的钱包是平安的。A.safe平安的；B.missing丢失的；C.found被发觉的；D.seen被望见的。故答案为A。10．C句意：后来这两个人感谢史密斯先生的善意之举。A.service服务；B.support支持；C.kindness善行；D.encouragement激励；此处指前面提到帮助爱护钱包的行为，故答案为C。11．A句意：既然到他本可以偷了钱并且花钱让自己找一个地方住一晚，但是他今晚还是住在大街上。A.when考虑到；既然；B.if假如；C.where哪里；D.because因为；此处是对史密斯拾金不昧的行为的评价，依据句意，故答案为A。12．B句意：这个男的身无分文，然而他还是没有自己拿走钱包。A.rather相当；B.yet然而；C.already已经；D.just只是；表示转折，故答案为B。13．D句意：他(没有自己拿走钱包)而是想到了别人。A.too也；B.though不过；然而；C.again又；D.instead代替；而不是。依据句意，故答案为D。14．A句意：这是难以置信的，只是证明白有诚恳的人。A.honest诚恳的；B.polite有礼貌的；C.rich富有的；D.generous慷慨的。这是对史密斯先生的行为的总结，故答案为A。15．D句意：史密斯先生的行为吸引了公众大量关注。A.gave给；B.paid支付；C.cast投掷；D.drew吸引。drawone'sattention吸引人的留意，故答案为D。16．B句意：在安德森先生把这一善意之举发布在脸谱网上之后，他也赢得了社交媒体用户的赞誉。A.learned了解到；B.posted张贴；C.cared关切；D.heard听见。此处指在网上发布帖子，故答案为B。17．B句意：现在安德森先生在网上发起了一个活动，为史密斯先生和这一地区其他无家可归的人捐献。A.borrow借；B.raise募集；C.save节约；D.earn挣；赚。依据下文可知是“捐献”，故答案为B。18．D句意：我想每个人对他表现出的信任已经感动了他。show/havefaithin对……信任；故答案为D。19．C句意：在街上人们主动接近他，给他供应