重庆市第一中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

2024年重庆一中高2027届高一上期期中考试英语试题卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。2．作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatisthewoman’sfavoritecolor?A．Red.B．Black.C．Blue.2．Whenwillthemaneforhispicturestomorrow?A．At9:00a.m.B．At11:00a.m.C．At2:00p.m.3．Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A．Workfromhome.B．Washthewoman’scar.C．Getaridefromthewoman.4．Wherearethespeakers?A．Attheairport.B．Atthebusstation.C．Attherailwaystation.5．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Makesometea.B．Answeraphonecall.C．Continuetalkingwiththeman.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第8至10题。6．What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Strangers.B．Motherandson.C．Coachandplayer.7．Whatdidthewomanadvisethemantodo?A．Nottoenterthatarea.B．Nottoskateonthestreets.C．Nottoskateboardwithoutahelmet.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A．Exercising.B．Health.C．Sleeping.9．Whydidthemanstartexercising?A．Toloseweight.B．Tokillsometime.C．Toimprovehishealth.10．Whatdoesthewomanwanttobewhengrowingolder?A．Smartandsuccessful.B．Healthyandactive.C．Richandindependent.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatdoesthemanthinkofcooking?A．Itisdifficult.B．Itisenjoyable.C．Itistimeconsuming.12．Whatdothewoman’sguestsusuallyhelpherdo?A．Washdishes.B．Preparefood.C．Setthetable.13．Whattypeoffoodhasthewomanlearnttocookrecently?A．Indianfood.B．Italianfood.C．Chinesefood.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．HowoftenareMartin’swildlifeprogramson?A．Onceaday.B．Onceaweek.C．Onceamonth.15．Wherewerethewildlifeprogramsfilmedintheearly1960s?A．Onislands.B．Inthemountains.C．Atthelocalzoo.16．WhendidMartingotoBorneo?A．In1960.B．In1962.C．In1964.17．Whatisafeatureoftoday’sfilming?A．Itisstrictlyplanned.B．Ittakeslesstimetoprepare.C．Ithassomeuncertainscenes.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Wheredoesthespeakerefrom?A．India.B．TheUK.C．Portugal.19．HowdidthespeakerlearntospeakEnglish?A．FromTV.B．Fromschool.C．Fromhiswork.20．Whatisprobablythespeaker’sfavoriteplacetovisitinhiscountry?A．Thebeach.B．TheHimalayas.C．Thetradingport.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共19小题;每小题2.5分，满分47.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenplanningyournextadventure,theseEuropeandestinationsstandoutasmustvisitcities.Eachoneisspecial,offeringamazingsightsandfunactivitiesforeveryone.Budapest,HungaryThecapitalofHungaryisnumberoneonyourtravelbucketlist.ThepearloftheDanubeisnotonlythebestEuropeandestination,itisalsooneofthemostbeautifulandsafestcitiesintheworld.Itoffersanunmatchedbinationofcultureandtheadvantagesofworldheritage(遗产)sights.Dinant,BelgiumDinantisbeingthequeenofInstagram,oneofEurope’strendiestdestinations.Dinantisalsoacityofadventure,gastronomyandhistory.Visitthehouseoftheinventorofthesaxophone,andyouwillrealizehowmuchDinanthasinfluencedJazz.Athens,GreeceThecityishistoricandisthecradleofEuropeanphilosophy.Athensisbothrichinhistoryandfocusedonmodernity.Travellersloveitsarchitecture,trendyshopsbutalsoitsnightlife;itsnearnesstothesea(15minutesawayfromdowntown)makesitveryattractivetoo.Florence,ItalyFlorenceisinparable:itsbeauty,lightandatmospherewillattractyouall.Florencehasforcenturiesbeeninspiringthegreatestartistswhochangedtheartworld.Thecityhasseenthebirthofthegreatestmasterpieceseverproducedbyhumankind.Itsarchitectureisveryrichanditsmuseums,sculpturesandpaintingsareknownworldwide.1.WhatmakesDinantuniqueparedtotheotherthreecities?A.Itisfullofhistoricalbuildings. B.Itisthebirthplaceofgreatartists.C.Itisoneofthesafestcitiesintheworld. D.Itisacityofmusicalinfluence.2.Whichcityisclosetothesea?A.Budapest. B.Dinant. C.Athens. D.Florence.3.Whatdothefourcitieshaveinmon?A.Theyareknownfortheirlivelynightlife.B.Theyareallculturallysignificantandrichinhistory.C.Theyarefamousfortheirmodernarchitecture.D.TheyaremajorfinancialandeconomiccentersinEurope.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了四个欧洲城市的独特之处及旅游吸引力。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Dinant,Belgium部分“Visitthehouseoftheinventorofthesaxophone,andyouwillrealizehowmuchDinanthasinfluencedJazz.(参观萨克斯风发明者的故居，你就会意识到Dinant对爵士乐有多大的影响)”可知，Dinant的独特之处在于它是一个具有音乐影响力的城市。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Athens,Greece部分“Travellersloveitsarchitecture,trendyshopsbutalsoitsnightlife;itsnearnesstothesea(15minutesawayfromdowntown)makesitveryattractivetoo.(旅行者喜欢它的建筑、时尚的商店和夜生活；它靠近大海（离市中心15分钟路程），这也使它非常吸引人)”可知，Athens离大海很近。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Budapest,Hungary部分“Itoffersanunmatchedbinationofcultureandtheadvantagesofworldheritage(遗产)sights.(它提供了无与伦比的文化与世界遗产景观优势的结合)”；Dinant,Belgium部分“Dinantisalsoacityofadventure,gastronomyandhistory.(Dinant迪南也是一个充满冒险、美食和历史的城市)”和“Visitthehouseoftheinventorofthesaxophone,andyouwillrealizehowmuchDinanthasinfluencedJazz.(参观萨克斯风发明者的故居，你就会意识到Dinant对爵士乐有多大的影响)”；Athens,Greece部分“ThecityishistoricandisthecradleofEuropeanphilosophy.(这座城市历史悠久，是欧洲哲学的摇篮)”以及Florence,Italy部分“Florencehasforcenturiesbeeninspiringthegreatestartistswhochangedtheartworld.(佛罗伦萨几个世纪以来一直在激励着那些改变了艺术世界的伟大艺术家)”可知，这四个城市都具有重要的文化意义和丰富的历史。故选B。BAttheageof16,Ilivedwithmyparentsataninstitute18milesfromDurbanwithnoneighborsaround.Onedaymyfatherneededaridetotownforameeting.Meanwhile,mymothergavealistofgroceriesandmyfatheraskedmetotakecareofseveralpendingchoressuchasgettingthecarserviced.WhenIdroppedmyfatheroffthatmorning,hesaid,“Iwillmeetyouhereat5:00p.m.,andwewillgohometogether.”Afterhurriedlypletingmychores,Iwentstraighttothenearestmovietheater.IgotsoengrossedthatIforgotthetime.BythetimeIrantothegarageandgotthecarandhurriedtowheremyfatherwaswaitingforme,itwasalmost6:00p.m.Heanxiouslyaskedme,“Whywereyoulate?”IwassoashamedoftellinghimIwaswatchingamoviethatIsaid,“Thecarwasn’tready,soIhadtowait,”notrealizingthathehadalreadycalledthegarage.Whenhecaughtmeinthelie,hesaid,“There’ssomethingwronginthewayIbroughtyouupthatdidn’tgiveyoutheconfidencetotellmethetruth.InordertofigureoutwhereIwentwrongwithyou,I’mgoingtowalkhome18milesandthinkaboutit.”So,dressedinhissuitanddressshoes,hebegantowalkhomeinthedarkonmostlyunpaved,unlitroads.Icouldn’tleavehim,soforfiveandahalfhoursIdrovebehindhim,watchingmyfathergothroughthispainforastupidliethatIuttered.IdecidedthenandtherethatIwasnevergoingtolieagain.Ioftenthinkaboutthatepisodeandwonder,ifhehadpunishedmethewaywepunishourchildren,whetherIwouldhavelearnedalessonatall.Idon’tthinkso.Iwouldhavesufferedthepunishmentandgoneondoingthesamething.Butthissingleactionwassopowerfulthatitisstillasifithadhappenedyesterday.4.Whydidtheauthordrivetothetown?A.Togetthecarreplaced. B.Toattendameeting.C.Togoforaride. D.Togivehisfatheralift.5.Howdoeshisfatherrespondtothewriter’slie?A.Hegaveforttothewriter. B.Hereconsideredhisparenting.C.Hepunishedthewriterimmediately. D.Hecalledthegaragerightaway.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhedrovebehindhisfather?A.Regretful. B.Annoyed. C.Shocked. D.Confused.7.Whatlessoncanparentslearnfromthisfather’sapproach?A.Thinkinginchildren’sshoesisimportant.B.Takingnoactiononkids’mistakesishelpful.C.Nonviolentactionsareusefulandpowerful.D.Spendingmorequalitytimeiseffective.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者送父亲去镇上开会，结果作者看电影忘记了去接父亲的时间，见到父亲后作者选择了撒谎。父亲发现作者说谎，于是选择自己步行回家来惩罚作者。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Onedaymyfatherneededaridetotownforameeting.Meanwhile,mymothergavealistofgroceriesandmyfatheraskedmetotakecareofseveralpendingchoressuchasgettingthecarserviced.WhenIdroppedmyfatheroffthatmorning,hesaid,“Iwillmeetyouhereat5:00p.m.,andwewillgohometogether.”(一天，我父亲需要搭车去镇上开会。与此同时，母亲给了我一张购物清单，父亲让我处理几件未完成的家务，比如把车修好。那天早上我送父亲回家时，他说：“下午5点我在这里和你见面，然后我们一起回家。”)”可知，作者开车去镇上是为了送他父亲一程。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenhecaughtmeinthelie,hesaid,“There’ssomethingwronginthewayIbroughtyouupthatdidn’tgiveyoutheconfidencetotellmethetruth.InordertofigureoutwhereIwentwrongwithyou,I’mgoingtowalkhome18milesandthinkaboutit.”(当他发现我在说谎时，他说：“我教育你的方式有问题，没有给你告诉我真相的信心。为了弄清楚我对你哪里错了，我要走18英里回家好好想想。”)”可知，父亲发现作者说谎后决定反思他的教育方式。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Icouldn’tleavehim,soforfiveandahalfhoursIdrovebehindhim,watchingmyfathergothroughthisagonyforastupidliethatIuttered.(我不能丢下他，所以我跟在他后面开了五个半小时的车，看着父亲为我说的一个愚蠢的谎言而痛苦不堪)”可知，当作者开车跟在他父亲后面时，作者感到后悔。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“IdecidedthenandtherethatIwasnevergoingtolieagain.Ioftenthinkaboutthatepisodeandwonder,ifhehadpunishedmethewaywepunishourchildren,whetherIwouldhavelearnedalessonatall.Idon’tthinkso.Iwouldhavesufferedthepunishmentandgoneondoingthesamething.Butthissingleactionwassopowerfulthatitisstillasifithappenedyesterday.(我当时就决定再也不说谎了。我经常想起那件事，想知道，如果他像我们惩罚孩子那样惩罚我，我是否会得到教训。我不这么想。我会受到惩罚，继续做同样的事情。但这个单一的动作如此强大，以至于它仍然像是昨天发生的一样)”并结合文章主要讲述了作者送父亲去镇上开会，结果作者看电影忘记了去接父亲的时间，见到父亲后作者选择了撒谎。父亲发现作者说谎，于是选择自己步行回家来惩罚作者。可知，文章告诉我们非暴力在教学上很有力量的。故选C。CThereare6,909languagesactivelybeingspokenintheworldtoday,althoughonlyaboutsixpercentofthemhavemorethanamillionspeakerseach.Peopleinmanydifferentcountriesseethevalueoflearningaforeignlanguagetoimprovetheirinternationalbusinessrelations.Becauseofthis,thenumberofpeoplewhospeakcertainlanguageswillcontinuetorise.Therearesomelanguagesthatcurrentlydominatetheglobe.Withmorethan1.3billionpeoplelivinginChinatoday,itisnosurprisethatChineseisthemostmonlyspokenlanguage.DuetothesizeofChina’sareaandpopulation,thecountryisabletosustainmanyuniqueandinterestinglanguages.Whenspeakingoflanguages,theterm“Chinese”containsatleast15dialects(方言)spokeninthecountryandelsewhere.WhileSpanishisnotamonlyheardlanguageinmostpartsofAfrica,Asia,andthemajorityofEurope,thathasn’tstoppeditfrombeingthesecondmostmonlyspokenlanguage.ThespreadoftheSpanishlanguageisrootedincolonization(殖民).Englishtoo,wasacoloniallanguage:Britishcolonialeffortsbeganinthe15thcenturyandlasteduntiltheearly20thcentury,includingplacesasfarflungasNorthAmerica,IndiaandPakistan.Africa,andAustralia.AfterWorldWarⅡ,theUnitedStatesledtheworldinbothtechnologicalandmedicalinnovation.Becauseofthis,itwasconsideredbeneficialforstudentspursuingworkinthesefieldstolearnEnglish.Englishisalsoausefullanguagefortravelerstolearnbecauseitisspokeninsomanypartsoftheglobe.Sincethepopularityofsocialmedia,thedevelopmentofaGlobalLanguageNetworkcanbemappedusingbooktranslations,Twitter,andWikipedia.Thesesocialnetworksareonlyavailabletoelites,peoplewithaccesstobothtraditionalandnewmedia.StatisticsofusefromthesesocialnetworksindicatethatwhileEnglishisdefinitelythecenterintheGlobalLanguageNetwork,otherintermediatecentersusedbyelitestomunicatebusinessandscienceinformationincludeGerman,French,andSpanish.Currently,languagessuchasChinese,Arabic,andHindiarevastlymorepopularthanGermanorFrench,anditislikelythatthoselanguageswillgrowinuseoftraditionalandnewmedia.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dominate”mean?A.Rule. B.Follow. C.Improve. D.Weaken.9.WhichofthefollowingdoesnotcontributetothewidespreaduseofChinese?AThelargepopulationofChina. B.ThevariousdialectsofChinese.C.ThegeographicalsizeofChina. D.Itsinfluenceinglobalcolonization.10.WhydomanypeoplechoosetolearnEnglishasaforeignlanguage?A.Itpromotesnationaltourism. B.Itishelpfulforthemtoseekjobs.C.Itismainlyusedinlocalbusiness. D.Itallowsthembeeonlineinfluencers.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Englishwillbeelesscentralinthefuture.B.Socialmediaisequallyaccessibletoallpeople.C.HindigrowsmoreimportantthanSpanishinbusiness.D.Languageuseischangingduetosocialmediause.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球范围内语言的使用情况和一些主要语言的特点及发展趋势。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Peopleinmanydifferentcountriesseethevalueoflearningaforeignlanguagetoimprovetheirinternationalbusinessrelations.Becauseofthis,thenumberofpeoplewhospeakcertainlanguageswillcontinuetorise.Therearesomelanguagesthatcurrentlydominatetheglobe.(许多不同国家的人都认识到学习一门外语对改善国际商务关系的价值。正因为如此，说某些语言的人数将继续增加。有一些语言目前dominate全球)”可知，有些语言很有用，说某些语言的人数将继续增加，所以目前有些语言在全球占据主导地位，因此dominate应意为“主导、支配”，与A选项Rule相符。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Withmorethan1.3billionpeoplelivinginChinatoday,itisnosurprisethatChineseisthemostmonlyspokenlanguage.DuetothesizeofChina’sareaandpopulation,thecountryisabletosustainmanyuniqueandinterestinglanguages.(中国有超过13亿人口，因此汉语是最常用的语言并不奇怪。由于中国的面积和人口众多，中国能够保持许多独特而有趣的语言)”可知，这说明中国庞大的人口和中国的地域面积是汉语广泛使用的原因，选项AC均为原因。根据“Whenspeakingoflanguages,theterm‘Chinese’containsatleast15dialects(方言)spokeninthecountryandelsewhere.(说到语言，“汉语”这个词包含了至少15种在中国和其他地方使用的方言)”可知，汉语包含至少15种方言，这也是汉语广泛使用的一个原因，选项B也是原因之一。但是，文中并未提到汉语在全球殖民中的影响是导致其广泛使用的原因，反而“ThespreadoftheSpanishlanguageisrootedincolonization(殖民).Englishtoo,wasacoloniallanguage:Britishcolonialeffortsbeganinthe15thcenturyandlasteduntiltheearly20thcentury,includingplacesasfarflungasNorthAmerica,IndiaandPakistan.Africa,andAustralia.(西班牙语的传播源于殖民统治。英语也是一种殖民语言：英国的殖民努力始于15世纪，一直持续到20世纪初，包括北美、印度和巴基斯坦等遥远的地方)”提到西班牙语和英语的广泛传播与殖民有关。因此，选项D“它在全球殖民中的影响”不是导致汉语广泛使用的原因。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AfterWorldWar

Ⅱ,theUnitedStatesledtheworldinbothtechnologicalandmedicalinnovation.

Becauseofthis,itwasconsideredbeneficialforstudentspursuingworkinthesefieldstolearnEnglish.(二战后，美国在技术和医疗创新方面都处于世界领先地位。正因为如此，人们认为学习英语对在这些领域寻求工作的学生是有益的)”可知，由于美国在技术和医学创新方面的领先地位，学习英语对在这些领域工作的学生来说是有益的。这说明很多人选择学习英语作为外语是为了找工作，因为英语在这些领域有广泛应用。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。最后一段提到“Sincethepopularityofsocialmedia,thedevelopmentofaGlobalLanguageNetworkcanbemappedusingbooktranslations,Twitter,andWikipedia.Thesesocialnetworksareonlyavailabletoelites,peoplewithaccesstobothtraditionalandnewmedia.StatisticsofusefromthesesocialnetworksindicatethatwhileEnglishisdefinitelythecenterintheGlobalLanguageNetwork,otherintermediatecentersusedbyelitestomunicatebusinessandscienceinformationincludeGerman,French,andSpanish.(自社交媒体流行以来，全球语言网络的发展可以通过书籍翻译、Twitter和维基百科来绘制。这些社交媒体只对精英阶层开放，即那些能够接触传统媒体和新媒体的人。这些社交媒体的使用统计表明，虽然英语绝对是全球语言网络的中心，但精英阶层用来交流商业和科学信息的其他中间中心还包括德语、法语和西班牙语)”，这说明随着社交媒体的发展，语言的使用和传播正在发生变化，英语虽然仍然是全球语言网络的中心，但其他语言如德语、法语和西班牙语等也在社交媒体上发挥着重要作用。同时，文中提到“Currently,languagessuchasChinese,Arabic,andHindiarevastlymorepopularthanGermanorFrench,anditislikelythatthoselanguageswillgrowinuseoftraditionalandnewmedia(目前，汉语、阿拉伯语和印地语等语言的受欢迎程度远高于德语或法语，而且这些语言在传统媒体和新媒体上的使用可能会增加)”，这进一步说明语言的使用正在发生变化。因此，我们可以从最后一段推断出由于社交媒体的使用，语言使用正在发生变化，选项D正确。故选D。DIfyoucouldtimetravel,wouldyouvisitthepastorthefuture?Youcouldfindyourancestors,descendants,orexperiencelifewhendinosaurswanderedyourbackgarden.Itsoundsotherworldly,butscientistshavelookedintowhethertimetravelisactuallypossible.AlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativitychangedunderstandingofspace,time,massandgravity.Thekeyelementofthistheoryisthattimeandspacearelinkedtogether,andtimedoesn’tflowataconstantrate,meaningitspeedsuporslowsdown,dependingonwhereyouare.Forexample,whenyoutravelathighspeeds,timedecreases,whichmeans,accordingtoNASA,astronautsinspacemovingathighspeedsagemoreslowlythanthoseonEarth!So,ifyouwantedtotraveltothefuture,youwouldneedtomoveclosetothespeedoflight.Then,whilecenturiespassonEarth,you’dexperiencearelativelyshortamountoftimeandcouldhypothetically(假设地)returnhome,whereitwouldbethefuture!Travellingbackwardsintimeseemsmuchmoredifficult.Theoretically,onewayofgoingbackisviaawormhole.Thatmeans,ifspaceandtimecanbefoldedlikepaper,wecouldcreateatunnel—ashortcutbetweenpointsintime.Theproblemisthatthereisnoevidencethatwormholesexist.“It’sbeenshownmathematicallythattheycanexist,butwhethertheyexistphysicallyissomethingelse,”saysEmmaOsborne,anastrophysicistattheUniversityofYork.Also,theoriesshowthatwormholeswouldbesosmallthatapersondefinitelycouldn’tfitthroughone,andtheywouldhavesuchanintensegravitationalfieldthattheywouldcollapseveryquickly.Fornow,itseemswe’llhavetobecontentwithsciencefictionandusingtelescopestolookbackintimeratherthantravellingthroughit.12.WhydoesthewritermentionEinstein’stheoryofrelativity?A.Toexplainhowtimetravelmightwork.B.Tostresstheimportanceoftimetravel.C.TodescribeEinstein’scontributionstoscience.D.Tyencourageustoworkoutthetheory.13.Whydoastronautsagemoreslowlythanthoseonearth?A.Timeflowsatthesamespeedacrosstheuniverse.B.Movingfasterslowsthepassageoftime.C.Speedandspacearecloselyconnected.D.Thespeedoflightpreventstheiraging.14.Whydoestravellingbackwardsintimeseemmuchmoredifficult?A.Wormholesmovefasterthanthespeedoflight.B.Scientistshavenotstudiedtimetraveltothepast.C.Wormholeslackscientificevidenceofexistence.D.Thespeedoflightonlyallowsforwardmovementintime.15.Whatistheauthor’sattituderegardingthepossibilityoftimetravel?A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Positive.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了时间旅行的理论及其可能性和困难。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“AlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativitychangedunderstandingofspace,time,massandgravity.Thekeyelementofthistheoryisthattimeandspacearelinkedtogether,andtimedoesn’tflowataconstantrate,meaningitspeedsuporslowsdown,dependingonwhereyouare.Forexample,whenyoutravelathighspeeds,timedecreases,whichmeans,accordingtoNASA,astronautsinspacemovingathighspeedsagemoreslowlythanthoseonEarth!So,ifyouwantedtotraveltothefuture,youwouldneedtomoveclosetothespeedoflight.(爱因斯坦的相对论改变了人们对空间、时间、质量和重力的理解。这个理论的关键要素是时间和空间是联系在一起的，时间不是以恒定的速度流动的，这意味着它会根据你的位置加速或减速。例如，当你高速旅行时，时间会减少，这意味着，根据美国国家航空航天局的说法，太空中高速移动的宇航员比地球上的宇航员衰老得慢！所以，如果你想去未来旅行，你需要接近光速)”可知，作者通过引用爱因斯坦的相对论来解释时间旅行的可能机制，即时间和空间是相互关联的，并且时间的流逝速度不是恒定的，你想去未来旅行，你需要接近光速。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Forexample,whenyoutravelathighspeeds,timedecreases,whichmeans,accordingtoNASA,astronautsinspacemovingathighspeedsagemoreslowlythanthoseonEarth!(例如，当你以高速旅行时，时间会减少，这意味着根据NASA的说法，在太空中以高速移动的宇航员比地球上的人衰老得更慢！)”可知，当宇航员以高速移动时，由于时间流逝得更慢，他们相对于地球上的人来说会衰老得更慢。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Travellingbackwardsintimeseemsmuchmoredifficult.Theoretically,onewayofgoingbackisviaawormhole.Thatmeans,ifspaceandtimecanbefoldedlikepaper,wecouldcreateatunnel—ashortcutbetweenpointsintime.

Theproblemisthatthereisnoevidencethatwormholesexist.(时光倒流似乎要困难得多。理论上，回去的一种方式是通过虫洞。这意味着，如果空间和时间可以像纸一样折叠，我们就可以创造一条隧道——时间点之间的捷径。问题是，没有证据表明虫洞存在)”可知，时间倒流看起来更加困难的主要原因是缺乏关于虫洞存在的科学证据。尽管理论上可以通过虫洞回到过去，但目前还没有证据表明虫洞真的存在。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段“AlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativitychangedunderstandingofspace,time,massandgravity.(爱因斯坦的相对论改变了人们对空间、时间、质量和引力的认识)”；第三段“Travellingbackwardsintimeseemsmuchmoredifficult.(时光倒流似乎要困难得多)”以及最后一段“Fornow,itseemswe’llhavetobecontentwithsciencefictionandusingtelescopestolookbackintimeratherthantravellingthroughit.(目前，我们似乎只能满足于科幻小说和使用望远镜回顾过去的时间，而不是穿越时空)”可知，作者在介绍时间旅行的可能性时，是基于现有的科学研究和理论进行了客观的描述，也就是说作者对于时间旅行的可能性保持一种客观立场。故选C。ENearlytwoweeksafteradevastating7.8magnitudeTurkeySyriaearthquake,firstrespondersarecontinuingtosearchandrescuesurvivors.Over40,000peoplelosttheirlivesinthenaturaldisaster,andthatnumberisexpectedtoclimb.Butpeoplearestayingstrongandholdingouthopeasrescuerscontinuetofindsurvivorsamongtherubble.And,asthesesurvivorsappear,thestoriesoftheirstrengthandcourageareamazing.Inwaitingtoberescued,manysurvivorsarefindingstrengththeydidn’tknowtheyhad.Thiswastruefor33yearoldNeclaCamuz,whowastrappedinsideherhomeinTurkey’sHatayprovincewithher10dayoldson,Yagiz,inherarms.Shewaitedforover90hoursbeforebeingrescued.Tosurvive,shebreastfedherbaby,whohadbeenrestingonherchestatthetimeoftheearthquake.Camuz,whodidnoteatordrinkanything,occasionallypoundedonthepipesthathadsavedherandherchild,hopingtodrawtheattentionofrescuers.WhileCamuzwasterrifiedthattheywouldneverbefound,shelookedtoherinfantasasourceofstrength.Sheaddedthatshewashappythathewastooyoungtorememberwhathadhappened.Eventually,Camuzheardthesoundofbarkingdogsand,shortlyafter,theywererescued.Whentherescueteamaskedhowoldhersonwas,shedidn’tknowhowtorespond.Sheknewhewas10daysoldatthetimeoftheearthquake,butwasn’tsurehowmanydaysshehadbeentrapped.Thisstoryhasanevenhappierending,aswhenshearrivedatthathospital,Camuzwasgiventhenewsthatherhusbandand3yearoldsonhadalsosurvived.Theyhadbeeninaseparateroomoftheapartmentwhentheearthquakestruckandhadbeentakentoadifferenthospitalaftersustaininginjuriestotheirlegsandfeet.Whilethefamilyhaslosttheirhome,theyhavenowbeenreunitedafterthisfrighteningexperience.Miraclesarecontinuingtohappen.Tendaysaftertheearthquake,rescuerMehmetEryilmapulledawomannamedElaandhertwochildrenfromtheruinsofacollapsedapartmentinTurkey’sHatayprovince.Asalways,thesestoriesgivehopethattherearemanypeoplestillwaitingtoberescued.Butoncepulledfromtheruins,thereisahardroadaheadaspeoplelosttheirhomes,andmanyhavealsolosttheirfamilies.Ifyouarelookingforawaytohelp,considergivingmoneytoGlobalGiving’searthquakefund.16.Howdoesthewriterexplainthedestructionoftheearthquake?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingaparison. D.Bydescribingthescene.17.WhatcanweinferaboutNeclaCamuz’sexperienceduringtheearthquake?A.Herhusbandgaveherhopewhenbeingtrapped.B.Shewastrappedwithherbabyfornearlythreedays.CShemanagedtosignalrescuersbymakingsounds.D.Shecalmlymunicatedwiththerescuersthroughout.18.Howcanpeoplehelpthesurvivors?A.Byjoiningrescueteams.B.Bycontributingtoadisasterrelieffund.C.Byvisitingtheaffectedareastooffersupport.D.Byprovidingshelterforsurvivors.19.Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?A.RebuildingtheHomesaftertheEarthquake.B.TheNighttheEarthDidn’tSleep.C.RescueEffortsinFindingSurvivors.D.RisingfromtheRuins.【答案】16.A17.C18.B19.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是土耳其—叙利亚发生7.8级地震后，救援人员持续搜救幸存者的情况，着重介绍了NeclaCamuz以及Ela等幸存者被困及获救的经历，展现了他们的坚强与勇气，同时呼吁人们为帮助幸存者向相关地震基金捐款。【16题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over40,000peoplelosttheirlivesinthenaturaldisaster,andthatnumberisexpectedtoclimb.(超过40,000人在自然灾害中丧生，预计这个数字还会上升)”可知，通过列举地震中死亡人数这一具体数字来说明地震造成的破坏程度，因此是通过列数据的方式来解释地震的破坏力。故选A。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Camuz,whodidnoteatordrinkanything,occasionallypoundedonthepipesthathadsavedherandherchild,hopingtodrawtheattentionofrescuers.(Camuz，她没有吃也没有喝任何东西，偶尔会敲打那些救了她和她孩子的管道，希望能引起救援人员的注意)”可知，她设法通过敲击来向救援人员发出信号。故选C。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Ifyouarelookingforawaytohelp,considergivingmoneytoGlobalGiving’searthquakefund.(如果你正在寻找一种帮助的方式，可以考虑向全球捐赠基金会的地震基金捐款)”可知，人们可以通过向救灾基金捐款的方式来帮助幸存者。故选B。【19题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Nearlytwoweeksafteradevastating7.8magnitudeTurkeySyriaearthquake,firstrespondersarecontinuingtosearchandrescuesurvivors.Butpeoplearestayingstrongandholdingouthopeasrescuerscontinuetofindsurvivorsamongtherubble.And,asthesesurvivorsappear,thestoriesoftheirstrengthandcourageareamazing.(在土耳其叙利亚发生毁灭性的7.8级地震将近两周后，第一批救援人员仍在继续搜寻和营救幸存者。但人们保持坚强，怀着希望，因为救援人员继续在废墟中寻找幸存者。而且，随着这些幸存者的出现，他们力量和勇气的故事令人惊叹)”、第二段中“Inwaitingtoberescued,manysurvivorsarefindingstrengththeydidn’tknowtheyhad.(在等待救援的过程中，许多幸存者发现了他们以前不知道自己拥有的力量)”、第四段中“Whilethefamilyhaslosttheirhome,theyhavenowbeenreunitedafterthisfrighteningexperience.(虽然这家人失去了他们的家园，但在这次可怕的经历之后，他们现在又团聚了)”、第五段中“Miraclesarecontinuingtohappen.(奇迹还在继续发生)”、最后一段中“Asalways,thesestoriesgivehopethattherearemanypeoplestillwaitingtoberescued.Butoncepulledfromtheruins,thereisahardroadaheadaspeoplelosttheirhomes,andmanyhavealsolosttheirfamilies.(一如既往，这些故事给人希望，仍有许多人在等待被营救。但一旦从废墟中被拉出来，前方还有一条艰难的道路，因为人们失去了家园，许多人也失去了家人)”可知，文章先是描述了地震后的救援情况，然后通过讲述幸存者被困期间展现出强大力量并最终获救与家人团聚等故事，体现出幸存者们身处废墟困境却坚强应对，在身体从废墟中被救出后，还要面对诸多后续艰难但依然心怀希望、努力振作的状态。“RisingfromtheRuins”(从废墟中崛起)这个标题既能体现幸存者从物理层面的废墟中被救出，又能体现他们精神层面在经历灾难后的坚韧与重新出发，很好地概括了文章整体传达出的在灾难后人们凭借坚强、怀揣希望去应对种种情况的主旨。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign—somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?_____20