2024届湖南省长沙市高三上学期1月新高考适应性考试英语试卷（解析版）

长沙市2024年新高考适应性考试英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhoisSam?A.Peter’steacher.B.Peter’sfriend.C.Peter’sfather.2.Whyisthewomanleaving?A.Shehasafever.B.Herchildisill.C.Theworkisdone.3.Whichshirtwillthemanprobablybuy?A.Theblueone.B.Thewhiteone.C.Thegreenone.4.Whatwillthemandofirst?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Seeadoctor.C.Goouttolunch.5.Whatdidthewomandoinherchildhood?A.Shemadeaspeechontruth.B.Sheblamedherbrotherwrongly.C.Shethoughthighlyofherparents第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题6.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Sad.B.Excited.C.Tired.7.Howdidthespeakerstravel?A.Byplane.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Intherestaurant.B.Inthehospital.C.Atschool.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Formerschoolmates.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.10.Howlonghasitbeensincethemanlefttheschool?A.12years.B.13years.C.15years.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatarethespeakerslookingat?A.Amap.B.Abook.C.Aphone12.What’sthespeakers’destination?A.Thelake.B.Theforest.C.Therocks.13.Whatdothespeakersdonow?A.Startwalking.B.Viewthefallentree.C.Haveadrink.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?A.Security.B.Flight.C.Prices.15.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atanairport.B.Attherailwaystation.C.Ontheplane.16.Whichmealhasthewomanhadtoday?A.Breakfast.B.Lunch.C.Dinner.17.Whichcountrydothespeakerscomefrom?A.China.B.Britain.C.Canada.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthemostimportantpartofchoosingagoodplayer?A.Watchingthemplay.B.Testingtheirweight.C.Assessingtheirstrength.19.Whatphysicalqualitydoesalinemanhave?A.Heisthesmallest.B.Heisthequickest.C.Heisthestrongest20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.B.Firstimpressioncan’talwaysbetrusted.C.Hethatfallstodaymaybeupagaintomorrow第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARichincultureandrootedintradition,winterinBudapestherenotonlyfeelslikeafairytale,itlookslikeone,too.HerearefourtopthingstodoinBudapestduringthewinter.●CityParkIceRink(滑冰场)Budapest’sCityParkIceRinkisbyfarthemostfamousskatingdestinationintheregion.SkatersfloodedtotherinkeachwinterbetweenlateNovemberandmidFebruary.Firstopenedin1870,thisicerinkisoneoftheoldestandlargestinEurope.It’sfilledupwithwaterduringthesummermonths.Itservesasaboatinglakefortouristslookingtobikearoundwhilebathinginthesun.●SpasandthermalbathsBudapestisquiterightlynicknamedthe“CityofSpas”.Thebathsofhereareastonishinglybeautiful,whicharefamousfortheirrelaxingandmedicinalbenefitsTakingadipinthefamousbathsduringwinterisanexperiencelikenoother.Jumpingfromoneindoorpooltotheoutsidebathingareaisamemorableandpleasurableexperience.●HungarianStateOperaHouseTheHungarianStateOperaHouseisclosedforrenovations(翻新).However,visitorscanstillseepartsofitvia(通过)guidedtours.TheHungarianStateOperaHouse,whichwascompletedin1884,remainsexactlythesameasthatwhenitwasconstructed.EachyearthousandsofvisitorsarrivedinBudapesttotakeinthesheer(十足的)beautyoftheoperahouse,whiletheluckyonesareabletosecureaticketforashow.●AndrassyAvenueandFashionStreetShoppinginBudapestduringwinterisamagicalexperience.AndrassyAvenueandFashionStreetaretwoofitsmostpopulartouristdestinationsatanytimeofyear.Coveredwiththousandsoflights,thetree-linedavenuecomestolifeduringthewintermonths,offeringupmanyattractions.Theshopshereareusuallyopenfrom10a.m.to9p.m.inthewintermonths.1.WhatdoesCityParkIceRinkactasinsummer?A.Arelaxingpool. B.Aboatinglake.C.Athermalbath. D.Afashionstreet.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinHungarianStateOperaHouseiftheyhaveaticket?A.Enjoyashow. B.Takeaswim.C.Haveaguidedtour. D.Performanopera.3.Whatbringslifetothetree-linedavenueduringthewintermonths?A.Touristcenter. B.Operahouse. C.Lights. D.Shops.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。布达佩斯的冬天美得像童话一样，文章介绍了布达佩斯冬季必须打卡的四个景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Itservesasaboatinglakefortouristslookingtobikearoundwhilebathinginthesun.(它是一个划船湖，游客们可以一边骑车一边晒太阳。)”可知，城市公园溜冰场在夏天是作为一个划船湖。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“EachyearthousandsofvisitorsarrivedinBudapesttotakeinthesheer(十足的)beautyoftheoperahouse,whiletheluckyonesareabletosecureaticketforashow.(每年都有成千上万的游客来到布达佩斯欣赏歌剧院的美景，幸运的人还能买到演出的门票。)”可知，如果游客有票，他们可以在匈牙利国家歌剧院看演出。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Coveredwiththousandsoflights,thetree-linedavenuecomestolifeduringthewintermonths,offeringupmanyattractions.(在冬季的几个月里，这条绿树成荫的大道被成千上万的灯覆盖着，变得生机勃勃，提供了许多景点。)”可知，冬日里灯光给这条林荫大道带来了生机。故选C。BByteDance’sDouyinhasbeentrialingafooddeliveryservicesinceDecemberasitlookstoexpanditsbusinessbeyondadvertising.Itpotentiallycompetesitselfagainstmajore-commercecompanieslikeAlibabaandMeituan.Andthecompanyisnowconsideringextendingtheservicebeyondthetrial.ADouyinspokespersonsaysthatthecompanyhasbeen“testingafeatureinBeijing,ShanghaiandChengduthatenablesmerchants(商人)topromoteandsell‘group-buying’packagestoDouyinusersintheseselectcitiesandhavethemdelivered”.RestaurantownersoftenlivestreamonDouyintomarkettheirbusiness.Whiledoingthis,theycanofferdiscountsandcoupons(优惠券)fortheirfoodtouserswatchingthevideos.Multipleuserscanthenpurchasethatoffermainlyandchooseatimewithintwodaysforthefoodtoarrive.ThemodelisverydifferentfromMeituanandAlibaba’sEle.mewhicharebothon-demandfooddeliveryservices.Thedigitalgianthasapproachedrestaurantownersandfoodenterprisesinthethreecitiestopromotetheirdishesontheapp.Douyinstatesthatthesuccessofthetrialrunwilldeterminewhetherthein-appmealdeliveryservicewillbeexpandedtoothercities.“Wewouldconsiderexpandingthefeaturetomorecitiesinthefuturedependingonthetestingresults.Thereisnodetailedtimelineyet,”aDouyinspokespersonsays.China’sfooddeliveryindustryisdominatedbyMeituanandEle.me.DouyinhasfewerfoodbuyingoptionsthanMeituanandEle.me.ButByteDance’stentative(暂定的)stepsintothemarketsuggestitwantsasliceofthemarket.Majore-commerceplatformsaregettingintothefooddeliverybusiness.OneWeibopostreads,“Moreplatformscouldbeadvantageousforbothfoodbusinessownersandregularconsumers.”Usersthinkthecompetitionwillhelpregisteredvendors(销售商)andusersbecausecustomerswillhavemoreoptionsandfoodbusinessownerscanusetheplatformthatchargesthelowestservicefee.4.WhatdoesDouyinwanttodo?A.Expanditsmarketintestedcities. B.Getintothefooddeliveryindustry.C.GaincontroloverMeituanandEle.me. D.Livestreamtosellgroup-buyingpackages.5.WhatmaymostattractuserstobuyfoodfromDouyinaccordingtothetext?A.Fastandon-demanddeliverytime. B.Excellentafter-salesserviceC.Wonderfulandeffectivelivestream. D.Shopowners’discountsandcoupons.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Ele.mehaslessfoodchoicesthanDouyin.B.Douyinisexpectingtooccupyitsshareinthemarket.C.Detailedtimelinehasbeenmadebythedigitalcompany.D.OrderedfoodcanbedeliveredbyMeituanwithinaweek.7.What’speople’sattitudetowardsDouyininthelastparagraph?A.Supportive. B.Demanding. C.Intolerant. D.Concerned.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了字节跳动旗下的抖音想要进入外卖行业，文章分析了其优势和特点以及人们对此的看法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ByteDance’sDouyinhasbeentrialingafooddeliveryservicesinceDecemberasitlookstoexpanditsbusinessbeyondadvertising.Itpotentiallycompetesitselfagainstmajore-commercecompanieslikeAlibabaandMeituan.(字节跳动旗下的抖音自去年12月以来一直在试用一项送餐服务，希望将业务扩展到广告之外。它可能会与阿里巴巴和美团等大型电子商务公司竞争)”可知，抖音想进入外卖行业。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whiledoingthis,theycanofferdiscountsandcoupons(优惠券)fortheirfoodtouserswatchingthevideos.(与此同时，他们可以向观看视频的用户提供食品折扣和优惠券)”可知，店主的折扣和优惠券最能吸引用户从抖音购买食品。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ButByteDance’stentative(暂定的)stepsintothemarketsuggestitwantsasliceofthemarket.(但字节跳动进入该市场的试探性举措表明，该公司希望在该市场分一杯羹)”可知，抖音希望占据市场份额。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“OneWeibopostreads,“Moreplatformscouldbeadvantageousforbothfoodbusinessownersandregularconsumers.”Usersthinkthecompetitionwillhelpregisteredvendors(销售商)andusersbecausecustomerswillhavemoreoptionsandfoodbusinessownerscanusetheplatformthatchargesthelowestservicefee.(一条微博写道：“更多的平台可能对食品企业主和普通消费者都有利。”用户认为，竞争将有助于注册供应商和用户，因为客户将有更多的选择，食品企业主可以使用收费最低的平台)”可推知，人们对抖音的态度是支持。故选A。CFortherapidlydecreasingnumberofAmericanswho’veneverheardofpickleball,thelittle-knownpaddleballgameisoneofAmerica’sfastest-growingsports.Inventedin1965bythreemiddle-agedfathersinWashingtonstate,pickleballisanoddcrossamongtennis,ping-pongandbadminton,playedwithapaddleandaperforated(穿孔的)plasticball.ThefoundersaresaidtohavenamedthegameafterafamilydogcalledPickles.Mostofpickleball’scoreplayers—thosewhoplaymorethaneighttimesperyear—areoverage65,butthegameisgettingyounger,withthestrongestgrowthamongplayersunder55,accordingtoUSAPickleball.Butwithsomanynewplayers,theUSisstrugglingtokeepupwiththedemandforcourts.Thecountryhasonlyabout10,000placestoplay,byUSAPickleball’scount,butthatcontinuestogrowbyseveraldozeneverymonth.Pickleballisalsofastbecomingaspectatorsport(观赏性运动).Itsfirstprofessionaltournament,theProfessionalPickleballAssociation(PPA)Tour,wasformedin2018andtheprofessionalplayersarebeingabletoreallybecomecelebritiesandspotlights.Traditionalbroadcasters’interestinthesportisgrowing.Sofar,pickleballfanscanwatchamateurandprofessionalmatchesonsportsorsocialchannels,mostlyonline.“Theabilityforasporttofindanaudiencequicklyviasocialmediaisunprecedented(前所未有的),”saysBenShields,wholecturesatMIT’sSloanSchoolofManagementandstudiesthesportsindustry.Shieldsaddsthatpickleballstillneedsafamousstartodrawinwideraudiences,ashasbeenthekeytosuccessforothersportsleagues—thatalsostartedwithgrassrootsandunusualnames.“Ithinkifpickleball,initsownhumbleway,cancontinuetogrowitsparticipationandfindwaystomakethesportanappealingfanproduct,whoknows,10,or20years,itcouldbeabigcompetitorintheglobalsportsindustry.”8.Whatdoweknowaboutthepickleballgamefromthetext?A.Itwasnamedafteradog.B.Itwaspopularamongyoungkids.C.It’sacrossbetweentennisandvolleyball.D.Itwasinventedbythreeordinarywomen.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theplayingtime. B.Theformofmatches.C.Thenumberofcourts. D.Theparticipationrate.10.Whichbestdescribes“afamousstar”topickleballaccordingtoBenShields?A.Humble. B.Inflexible. C.Harmful. D.Influential.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheHistoryofPickleball B.TheGrowingPopularityofPickleballC.TheRiseandFallofPickleball D.TheRulesofPlayingPickleball【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。匹克球这项新兴运动在美国迅速兴起，文章对其进行了介绍。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“ThefoundersaresaidtohavenamedthegameafterafamilydogcalledPickles.(据说该游戏的创始人是以家里一只名叫Pickles的狗的名字命名的。)”可知，匹克球比赛是以一只狗的名字命名的。故选A。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“Thecountryhasonlyabout10,000placestoplay(这个国家只有大约一万个比赛场地)”可知，此处是指比赛场地的数量会继续增长，所以that是指比赛场地的数量。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Shieldsaddsthatpickleballstillneedsafamousstartodrawinwideraudiences,ashasbeenthekeytosuccessforothersportsleagues—thatalsostartedwithgrassrootsandunusualnames.(希尔兹补充说，匹克球仍然需要一个著名的明星来吸引更多的观众，这是其他体育联盟成功的关键——这些联盟也是从草根和不寻常的名字开始的。)”可知，根据本·希尔兹的说法，“著名明星”对匹克球是很有影响力的。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“FortherapidlydecreasingnumberofAmericanswho’veneverheardofpickleball,thelittle-knownpaddleballgameisoneofAmerica’sfastest-growingsports.(对于那些从未听说过匹克球的美国人来说，这种鲜为人知的桨球运动是美国发展最快的运动之一。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项在美国快速兴起的运动——匹克球。故选B。DNothingearnsattentionlikerarity.Inthenaturalworld,rarityismostclearlyrepresentedbythelastmembersofadecliningspecies.Thesescarce(稀有)plantsandanimalsareextremelyvaluable;theyrepresentthefinalhopeforpreventingextinction.Theeffortstowardconservingrarespecieshavemadeanenormousdifference.Inthepastfewdecades,declinesofmanyendangeredplantsandanimalshavebeenreversed(逆转).Buttheattentiontoscarcitycouldcomeattheexpenseofoverlookingtheordinary.Ifwearetoconservenature,wemustmaintainourfocusonthefamiliar.Increasingly,conservationisturningitssightsinthisdirection—tosafeguardwhatiscommon,notjustwhatisrare.Therearegoodreasonstoconsiderthecommon.AstudyofNorthAmericanbirdsuncoveredthatwehavelostthreebillionbirdsonthiscontinentwithinthepasttwogenerations.Thesedeclinesincludespeciesonceconsideredwidespreadandsecure,likethecommonredpoll,whosenumbersaredownby29millionandthecommonnighthawk,downby26million.Theshockinglossesareareminderthatthemarkofaspeciesintroubleisnotrarity,butrateofdecline.Notably,theshiftsinabundanceofcommonspeciescantranslateintosizeableshiftsinecosystemfunctioning.Onecaribouherd(北美驯鹿群),numberinginthehundredsofthousands,removesmillionsofkilogramsoffoodforanimalseveryyearandreturnsnutrientstothesoilintheformofmillionsofkilogramsofanimalwastes.Thevalueofcommonspeciesisnotjustecologicalandeconomic,butpsychological.Studyafterstudydemonstratesthatencounterswiththenaturalworldimproveourmentalstate.Losingfamiliarspecies—whetherbirdsinourbackyardorbutterfliesonourdoorstep—islikelytoshrink(收缩)suchopportunitiesforengagement.Raritywillalwaysoccupyasignificantplaceinconservation.Butinourpursuitforasustainableandbiodiversefuture,wemustavoid“theextinctionofcommonness”.12Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakeasurvey. B.Toofferasuggestion.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Toprovideanexample.13.Whatdoestheexampleofbirdstudysuggestaccordingtothetext?A.Specieslossbalancestheecosystem.B.Birdsproducemanynutrientstothesoil.C.Speciesrateofdeclinearousespeople’sconcern.D.Birdsaredescribedaswidespreadandsecureanimals.14.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Raritymattersmostinconservation.B.Familiarspeciesshouldn’tbeignored.C.Biodiversityresultsintheextinctionofcommonness.DPeople’sphysicalstateshrinksforthesustainabledevelopment.15.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Ahealthcolumn.C.Abiologymagazine. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出了过去几十年来，对稀有物种的保护努力已经取得了巨大成功，同时强调对普通物种的保护也重视至关重要。他提到了一项关于北美鸟类的研究，指出了普通物种数量的急剧下降，以及这些物种数量减少对生态系统功能的影响。最后，作者强调了普通物种在心理、生态和经济上的重要性，并呼吁保护普通物种以实现可持续和生物多样化的未来。【12题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段“Nothingearnsattentionlikerarity.Inthenaturalworld,rarityismostclearlyrepresentedbythelastmembersofadecliningspecies.Thesescarce(稀有)plantsandanimalsareextremelyvaluable;theyrepresentthefinalhopeforpreventingextinction.Theeffortstowardconservingrarespecieshavemadeanenormousdifference.Inthepastfewdecades,declinesofmanyendangeredplantsandanimalshavebeenreversed(逆转).Buttheattentiontoscarcitycouldcomeattheexpenseofoverlookingtheordinary.(没有什么比稀有更吸引人了。在自然界中，稀有最明显地体现在一个正在衰退的物种的最后成员身上。这些稀有的动植物极其珍贵；它们是防止物种灭绝的最后希望。保护稀有物种的努力已经产生了巨大的影响。在过去的几十年里，许多濒危动植物的数量下降趋势已经逆转。但是，对稀缺性的关注可能是以忽视普通物种为代价的)”中先肯定了我们对稀有物种的保护和取得的成就，但最后一句“Buttheattentiontoscarcitycouldcomeattheexpenseofoverlookingtheordinary.”把话题由对稀有物种的保护引到普通物种上来，再结合第二段中“Ifwearetoconservenature,wemustmaintainourfocusonthefamiliar.Increasingly,conservationisturningitssightsinthisdirection—tosafeguardwhatiscommon,notjustwhatisrare.(如果我们要保护自然，我们必须把注意力集中在熟悉的事物上。自然资源保护越来越多地将目光转向这个方向——保护常见的东西，而不仅仅是稀有的东西)”可知，对普通物种的保护才是本文的主题，所以第一段的目的是引入话题。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Therearegoodreasonstoconsiderthecommon.(我们有充分的理由考虑普通的物种)”和第四段中“Thesedeclinesincludespeciesonceconsideredwidespreadandsecure,likethecommonredpoll,whosenumbersaredownby29millionandthecommonnighthawk,downby26million.Theshockinglossesareareminderthatthemarkofaspeciesintroubleisnotrarity,butrateofdecline.(这些减少的物种包括曾经被认为分布广泛和安全的物种，比如普通的红背鸟，它们的数量减少了2900万只，普通的夜鹰，减少了2600万只。这些令人震惊的损失提醒我们，濒危物种的标志不是稀有，而是减少的速度)”可推知，对普通鸟类研究的这些例子表明这些物种的减少速度令人震惊，引起了人们的担忧。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Notably,theshiftsinabundanceofcommonspeciescantranslateintosizeableshiftsinecosystemfunctioning.(值得注意是，普通物种数量的变化可以转化为生态系统功能的巨大变化)”和第六段中“Thevalueofcommonspeciesisnotjustecologicalandeconomic,butpsychological.(普通物种的价值不仅仅是生态和经济上的，还有心理上的)”可推知，普通物种有生态、经济和心理上的价值，不应该被忽视。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段“Ifwearetoconservenature,wemustmaintainourfocusonthefamiliar.Increasingly,conservationisturningitssightsinthisdirection—tosafeguardwhatiscommon,notjustwhatisrare.(如果我们要保护自然，我们必须把注意力集中在熟悉的事物上。自然资源保护越来越多地将目光转向这个方向——保护普通的东西，而不仅仅是稀有的东西)”和最后一段中“Raritywillalwaysoccupyasignificantplaceinconservation.Butinourpursuitforasustainableandbiodiversefuture,wemustavoid“theextinctionofcommonness”.(稀有物种总是在保护中占有重要地位。但是，在我们追求可持续和生物多样性的未来时，我们必须避免“普通物种的灭绝”)”可推知，本文论述在生物保护中对普通物种的保护的重要性，与生物学相关，所以很更能出自生物学杂志。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Microplasticsarefoundalmosteverywhereinfood,drinkingwater,cosmetics(化妆品),householdproducts.____16____.However,therearestepswecantaketominimizeourmicroplasticintake.AvoidingreheatingtakeawayfoodinplasticboxesAnytimeplasticcontainersareheated,chemicalchangesinthematerialmeanitcanleach(渗入)micro-particlesintoyourfood.Ifyoucan’tavoidthetakeawayboxes,trynottoreheatfoodinthemwhenhavingleftovers.____17____.EmployingaglasswaterbottleinsteadofaplasticoneCanadianresearchfrom2019foundthatbottledwatercontains22timesmoremicroplasticsthantapwater,meaningsomeonewhoonlydrinksbottledwaterwouldtakein130,000moreparticlesayear,comparedto4,000fromtapwater.____18____.Theyalsosuggestfillingitwithwaterthathasgonethroughareverseosmosisfilter(反渗透过滤器)whichcanhelptoremovethemicroplasticsintapwater.____19____Theheatofthecoffeewillencouragetheplastictoleachintoyourdrink.Instead,bringareusableglassormetalcupfortakeawaysorconsiderdrinkingyourcoffeeinacafe.Itisbothenvironmentally-friendlyandgoodforhealth.Stoppingchewingontheendofpens____20____.Putawayorstoppurchasingbabychewingtoysordummies(玩偶)whichareparticularlyharmfulbecausetheygointhemouth.Similarly,aresearcherrecommendsthatadultsstopchewingontheendofpens.A.UsingmetalorglasscoffeecupsB.AvoidingusingplasticmaterialonhotfoodC.Remember:doplacetheminanon-plasticplateD.Expertsrecommendusingaglassbottlewhenyou’reonthegoE.It’salmostimpossibletogetridofplasticfromourmodernlivesF.Whateveryoueat,neverputitinaplasticcontainerconsideringheathG.Expertssuggestlookingatothersourcesofplasticinyourchildren’slives【答案】16.E17.C18.D19.A20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了微塑料无处不在，介绍了一些可以避免微塑料的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Microplasticsarefoundalmosteverywhereinfood,drinkingwater,cosmetics(化妆品),householdproducts.(微塑料在食品、饮用水、化妆品、家用产品中几乎无处不在。)”可知，上文提到了微塑料无处不在，即想要摆脱塑料是不可能的。故E选项“从我们的现代生活中摆脱塑料几乎是不可能的。”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Ifyoucan’tavoidthetakeawayboxes,trynottoreheatfoodinthemwhenhavingleftovers.(如果你不能避免使用外卖盒，那么在吃剩菜的时候尽量不要在里面重新加热食物。)”可知，上文提到不要在外卖盒里加热食物，可知本句是说明加热剩菜的正确做法。故C选项“记住：一定要把它们放在非塑料盘子里。”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Canadianresearchfrom2019foundthatbottledwatercontains22timesmoremicroplasticsthantapwater,meaningsomeonewhoonlydrinksbottledwaterwouldtakein130,000moreparticlesayear,comparedto4,000fromtapwater.(加拿大2019年的一项研究发现，瓶装水的塑料微粒含量是自来水的22倍，这意味着只喝瓶装水的人每年会多摄入13万个塑料微粒，而自来水则多摄入4000个。)”可知，上文提到了瓶装水会导致摄入微塑料，可知本句是在建议避免摄入微塑料的正确做法。故D选项“专家建议在旅途中使用玻璃瓶。”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据后文“Theheatofthecoffeewillencouragetheplastictoleachintoyourdrink.Instead,bringareusableglassormetalcupfortakeawaysorconsiderdrinkingyourcoffeeinacafe.Itisbothenvironmentally-friendlyandgoodforhealth.(咖啡的热量会促使塑料渗入你的饮料中。相反，带一个可重复使用的玻璃或金属杯，或者考虑在咖啡馆喝咖啡。它既环保又有益健康。)”可知，本段的建议是使用可重复使用的玻璃或金属杯，故A选项“使用金属或玻璃咖啡杯”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文“Putawayorstoppurchasingbabychewingtoysordummies(玩偶)whichareparticularlyharmfulbecausetheygointhemouth.Similarly,aresearcherrecommendsthatadultsstopchewingontheendofpens.(收起或停止购买婴儿咀嚼玩具或玩偶，因为它们进入口腔特别有害。同样，一位研究人员建议成年人不要嚼笔的末端。)”可知，后文提到收起或停止购买婴儿咀嚼玩具或玩偶，以及成年人不要嚼笔的末端，即要从生活中发现微塑料的来源，故G选项“专家建议看看孩子生活中的其他塑料来源。”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenworkinginperson,mostofushaveanaturalunderstandingofnon-verbal(非语言的)signals.Thatistosay,allthewaysinwhichwe____21____workoutwithoutwords.____22____,inthedigitalworkspace,thiskindofcommunicationcanseemless____23____.Manywork____24____nowhappenviaonlinechats,andevenvideomeetingscangoaheadwithcamerasoff.Partsofnon-verbalcommunicationhavealways____25____outsideface-to-faceinteraction,ofcourse.Forexample,theseunnoticeable____26____couldbeginwithaprofilepictureonyourCV(简历);evendecidingwhetherornottoaddanemoji(表情图标)inaworkgroupchatcanchangethe____27____oftheinteraction.Yetthenewworkplaceshiftinwhereandhowweworkhas____28____theworldofnon-verbalcommunicationgreatly.Forinstance,invideocalls,backgroundscangiveallsortsofnon-verbal____29____aboutco-workers’lifestyles,____30____andlevelofprofessionalism.Let’ssayifaco-workerpositionsthecamerabelowthechin(下巴),____31____otherstolookup,youbegintodislikehimorher,almost____32____.Indeed,datahaveshownthatduringvideocalls,factorslikecameraangles,distancefromthecameraandabilitytomakeeyecontactall____33____howlikeablepeoplearenoticedtobe.Inanewworldwhere____34____workingisrapidlydeveloping,beingwillingtoengagenon-verballymakesit____35____tounderstandothersandtobeunderstood.21.A.unite B.communicate C.recognize D.cooperate22.A.Besides B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore23.A.important B.separable C.adventurous D.flexible24.A.conditions B.conversations C.seats D.paces25.A.survived B.proved C.transformed D.existed26.A.signals B.maps C.journeys D.articles27.A.milestone B.analysis C.feel D.study28.A.quitted B.expanded C.failed D.reduced29.A.information B.change C.application D.concern30.A.meetings B.suggestions C.interests D.videos31.A.inspiring B.forcing C.permitting D.warning32.A.continuously B.willingly C.carefully D.instantly33.A.impact B.accomplish C.report D.harm34.A.diligent B.crazy C.remote D.abstract35.A.easier B.harder C.moretraditional D.moreexciting【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。当面工作时，我们大多数人对非语言信号有一种自然的理解，但是在远程工作迅速发展的时代，这种交流似乎不那么重要了，但是愿意以非语言的方式参与会让你更容易理解别人，也更容易被别人理解。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，我们所有的交流方式都是不需要语言的。A.unite团结；B.communicate交流；C.recognize认出；D.cooperate合作。根据“Whenworkinginperson(面对面工作时)”可知，此处是指交流的所有方式。故选B。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在数字工作空间中，这种交流似乎不那么重要了。A.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Otherwise否则；D.Therefore因此。根据“thiskindofcommunicationcanseemless”可知，此处和前文构成转折关系。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在数字工作空间中，这种交流似乎不那么重要了。A.important重要的；B.separable可分离的；C.adventurous勇于冒险的，敢于创新的；D.flexible灵活的。根据后文“andevenvideomeetingscangoaheadwithcamerasoff(甚至视频会议也可以在关闭摄像头的情况下进行)”可知，此处是指在数字工作空间中这种交流似乎不那么重要了。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，许多工作对话都是通过在线聊天进行的，甚至视频会议也可以在关闭摄像头的情况下进行。A.conditions条件；B.conversations对话；C.seats座位；D.paces节奏。根据“viaonlinechats”可知，此处是指许多工作对话。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，部分非语言交流一直存在于面对面的互动之外。A.survived幸存；B.proved证明；C.transformed转变；D.existed存在。根据“ofcourse”和“Partsofnon-verbalcommunication”可知，此处是指部分非语言交流一直存在于面对面的互动之外。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，这些不引人注意的信号可以从你简历上的头像开始；甚至决定是否在工作组聊天中添加表情符号也会改变互动的感觉。A.signals信号；B.maps地图；C.journeys旅行；D.articles文章。根据“Partsofnon-verbalcommunication”可知，此处是指这些不引人注意的信号。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，这些不引人注意的信号可以从你简历上的头像开始；甚至决定是否在工作组聊天中添加表情符号也会改变互动的感觉。A.milestone里程碑；B.analysis分析；C.feel感觉；D.study研究。根据“whetherornottoaddanemoji(表情图标)inaworkgroupchat”可知，此处是指改变互动的感觉。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，新的工作场所在工作地点和工作方式上的转变，极大地扩展了非语言交流的世界。A.quitted停止；B.expanded拓展；C.failed失败；D.reduced减少。根据yet和前文“Partsofnon-verbalcommunicationhavealwaysexistedoutsideface-to-faceinteraction,ofcourse.”可知，此处是指极大地扩展了非语言交流的世界。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，在视频通话中，背景可以提供关于同事的生活方式、兴趣和专业水平的各种非语言信息。A.information信息；B.change改变；C.application申请；D.concern担忧。根据“aboutco-workers’lifestyles”可知，此处是指提供各种非语言信息。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，在视频通话中，背景可以提供关于同事的生活方式、兴趣和专业水平的各种非语言信息。A.meetings会议；B.suggestions建议；C.interests兴趣；D.videos录像。根据“co-workers’lifestyles”和“andlevelofprofessionalism”可知，此处是指关于同事的生活方式、兴趣和专业水平的各种非语言信息。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：比方说，如果一个同事把镜头放在下巴以下，迫使其他人抬头看，你几乎立刻就会开始讨厌他或她。A.inspiring激励；B.forcing强迫；C.permitting允许；D.warning警告。根据“ifaco-workerpositionsthecamerabelowthechin”可知，此处是指迫使其他人抬头看。故选B。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：比方说，如果一个同事把镜头放在下巴以下，迫使其他人抬头看，你几乎立刻就会开始讨厌他或她。A.continuously连续不断地；B.willingly愿意地；C.carefully仔细地；D.instantly立即。根据“youbegintodislikehimorher”可知，此处是指你几乎立刻就会开始讨厌他或她。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，数据显示，在视频通话过程中，摄像头角度、与摄像头的距离以及眼神交流的能力等因素都会影响人们的受欢迎程度。A.impact影响；B.accomplish成就；C.report报告；D.harm伤害。根据“factorslikecameraangles,distancefromthecameraandabilitytomakeeyecontactall”可知，此处是指影响人们的受欢迎程