专题16 中国进入老龄化社会-备战2023年中考英语阅读理解时文爆点专题训练（原卷版）

专题16中国进入老龄化社会备战2022-2023年中考英语阅读理解时文爆点专题训练A（2022·四川泸州·统考二模）What’sitliketobe75?Irecentlytookpartinanexperiment—Ann,anexpertonageing（老龄化）,turnedmefromaboytoanoldman.Annstartedwithmyeyes.Sheaskedmetowearapairofglasseswhichonlyallowedmetoseethingsstraightaheadofme.Shethenaddedheavystraps（带子）aroundmyarmsandlegs.Thiswastomakemebothweakerandslower.Wearingtwopairsofplasticgloveshelpedmetoexperiencethepoorsenseoftouchthatcomeswithage.Finally,shegavemeapairofthatmademeunabletohearveryclearly.Startingtofeelmynewage,wesetoutforashoppingcenter.Iwantedtobuyasweaterformy78-year-oldgrandfather.Itwasscarytostepout.Theglassesmadeeverythingseemsobright.Withmypoorhearing,theworldseemedunsafe.Icouldunderstandwhymanyoldpeopleprefertostayintheirhomes.Goingonpublictransportwasterrible.Iwaspushedbyyoungpeopleinahurry.Evenfindingtherightmoneyfortheticketwasaproblem.Ifeltquiteembarrassed.Whenwefinallyreachedtheshoppingcenter,Annguidedmetoashopsellingmen’sclothes.Itwasnoisy,andIchoseabrownsweater.“Canwestopforacupofcoffee?”IaskedAnn.SuddenlyIrealizedthatwaswhatmygrandfathersaidwheneverwewentshopping.Annagreed,andsittingdownhelpedmerelaxalittle.Itookoffmyglasses,myglovesandtookoutmyearplugs.ItalkedwithAnn.Shetoldmeshehaddonethisexperimentmanytimes.Shehopedtomakepeopleunderstandhowhardlifeisfortheold,andbemorepatientwiththem.Itwasameaningfulexperienceforme.1．Whatdoestheunderlineword“earplugs”inparagraph2probablymeaninChinese?A．耳环 B．耳洞 C．耳塞 D．耳廓2．Thewriterwenttoashoppingcenterto________.A．havelunch B．seehisfriend C．buyasweater D．buysomecoffee3．Whydidthewriter’sgrandfatheralwaysasktostopforcoffeewhileshopping?A．Becausehehatedshopping. B．Becausehewantedtotakearest.C．Becausehefeltsleepyandthirsty. D．Becausehelovedcoffeeverymuch.4．Whichofthefollowingwordsmightthewriterusetodescribehisexperienceasanoldman?A．Difficult. B．Interesting. C．Relaxing. D．Unfair.5．Thewriterwrotethepassageto________.A．showhowboringlifeisfortheold B．introduceaninterestingexperimentC．askreaderstocaremoreabouttheold D．encouragereaderstotrydifferentthingsB（2022·辽宁阜新·二模）Areyoutheonlychildinyourfamily?Haveyouheardof“thetwo-childpolicy”?Everyoneknowstheone-childpolicy.Itisapopulationcontrolmethod.Chinesegovernmentaimedtocontroltheincreasingpopulationatthattime.ManyChinesecouplesunderstoodthatandfollowedthispolicyfornearly40years.Everyoneshouldberesponsibleforourcountry.However,astimegoesby,someproblemsappearinoursociety.Atpresent,theseproblemsaremainlyabout:Thenumberofworkerschangedfromabout960millionin2010to940millionin2012.Thenumberchangedto930millionin2014andwillpossiblyfallby29millionby2020.Chinaisnowgettingintoanaging(老龄化)society.Therewillbemoreoldpeopleinthefollowingyears.Butthesocietywillbeshortofdoctorsandnursestotakecareofthem.ThepopulationofChinawillbecomesmallerandsmalleriftheone-childpolicycontinues.It’sthebasicreasonthatleadstothetwoproblemsabove.That’swhyChinesegovernmentbeganthetwo-childpolicyonJanuary1st,2016.Itallowseachfamilytohavetwochildren.Thegovernmentexpectsitcanhelpsolvethosesocialproblemsgradually.Thispolicywillhelpofferenoughworkersinthefutureandpreventourcountryfromenteringtheagingsociety.Itisreportedthattherewillbearound2.5millionnewly-bornbabieseachyear.6．Fromthepassage,weknowthat____________________.A．ourgovernmentisfacing3mainproblemsB．theone-childpolicystartedonJanuary1st,2016C．ourworkingpopulationincreasedalotfrom2010to2014D．thetwo-childpolicywon’tworkatall7．Theunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2means________.A．thefamily B．theincreasingpopulationC．theone-childpolicy D．thetwo-childpolicy8．Thenumberofworkerswas____________in2014.A．960million B．940million C．29million D．930million9．Youmayreadthispassagein________partinamagazine.A．TravellingandTransportation B．SocietyandHistoryC．FoodandHealth D．ScienceandArtC（2022春·吉林长春·九年级统考期末）Theseventhnationalpopulationcensus(人口普查)wasdoneinChinain2020.Sinceit’sonlydoneonceevery10years,itisimportantforhelpingthegovernmentmakepolicies(政策).Let’stakealookattheresearch.Annualgrowthrate(年增长率)World’slargestpopulation:Thepopulationonthemainlandisabout1.41billion.Thecountry’stotalpopulationhasbeengrowinggraduallyandwillstayabove1.4billionforsometime.Ages:Anaging(老龄化的)society:Thecountry’saverage(平均)ageis38.8yearsold.Nearly20%ofthepopulationareover60,whilethenumberofworking-agepeoplehasdroppedbyover40million.Thiswillcauseproblemssuchasbeingshortofworkers.Moreeducation:Nearly220millionpeoplehavecollegedegrees(学位).Chinahasmadegreateffortstodevelophighereducationinrecentyears,aswellasmakesureschool-agekidsgotoschool.根据短文和图表内容，选择最佳答案。China’ssixthnationalpopulationcensusis________yearsearlierthanitsseventh.A．3 B．5 C．10 D．1511．Theannualpopulationgrowthratefrom2010to2020was________lowerthanthatfrom2000to2010.A．0.04% B．0.05% C．0.06% D．0.07%12．About________ofthepopulationarebetween15and59yearsold.A．18% B．20% C．50% D．65%13．Chinaisfacingtheproblemof________.Itmaycauseashortageofworkers.A．makingpolicies B．anagingsocietyC．collegedegrees D．world’slargestpopulation14．Thesentence“________”DOESN’TshowthatChinesepeoplearegettingmoreeducation.A．School-agechildrengotoschoolB．Thecountry’saverageageis38.8C．HighereducationhasbeendevelopedinChinaD．Thereweremorepeoplewithcollegedegreesin2020thanin2010D（2022·云南·统考模拟预测）OnMay31,2021,Chinaintroducedanewpolicy（政策）,allowingallfamiliestohaveuptothreechildren.Thethree-childpolicyisexpectedtofightthedropinthenation’sbirthrate（出生率）anddealwiththechallengeofarapidlyaging（老龄化的）population.ThenumberofnewbornsinChinahasfallenforfouryearsinarow（连续）.Thecountry’stotalfertilityrate（生育率）—theaveragenumberofchildrenborntoeachwoman—stoodat1.3in2020.Buttohaveastable（稳定）population,thenumbershouldbe2.1.Ontheotherhand,theproportionoftheover-60populationrosefrom10.3percentto18.7percentoverthepast10years.Thismeanstherewillnotbeenoughyoungworkers.However,notallpeoplehaveshowntheirsupportforthisnewpolicy.Somecouplescomplainedabouttherisingcostsofraisingachild.AninternetusernamedQinfengsaid,“Thehighcostofeducationandboththephysicalandmentalexhaustionstoppedmefromhavingmorethanonechild.”Also,manywomenareunwillingtogivebirthbecausethatcouldmeanlosinggoodjobopportunities.Togivestrongersupporttofamilies,thegovernmentwillmakepoliciesintermsofmarriage,births,parentingandeducation,reportedChinaDaily.Thegovernmentwillalsoenhance（改善）tax（税收）andhousingpolicies,andprotectthelegalrightsofwomeninjobmarkets.15．Accordingtothenewpolicy,________.A．theonlychildinafamilyneedssupportB．parentsshouldcaremoreabouttheirchildrenC．three-childfamiliesareverycommonD．Chinesefamiliescanhavethreechildren16．FromtheParagraph2,weknowthat________.A．thenumberofnewbornsinChinahasfallenforfiveyearsinarowB．thecountry’sfertilityratestoodat2.1in2020C．therewillnotbeenoughyoungworkersD．allpeoplehaveshowntheirsupportforthisnewpolicy17．Theunderlinedword“unwilling”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”inChinese.A．热衷于 B．不愿意 C．讨厌 D．不擅长18．WhatstoppedQinfengfromhavingmorethanonechild?A．Thehighcostofeducation. B．Thephysicalandmentalexhaustion.C．Theriskoflosingjobs. D．BothAandB．19．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Thethree-childpolicyinChina. B．ThebirthrateinChina.C．TheagingproblemsinChina. D．ThetaxproblemsinChina.E（2022·吉林长春·校考模拟预测）Asthepopulationinourcountryages（老龄化）rapidly,wefacegreatchallenges.Thegoodnewsisthattherearemanyinventionstosupporttheelderly.Smartwatermeter（水表）CommunityworkersonJiangsuStreetinShanghaihavefixedsmartwatermetersatthehomesofelderlypeoplelivingalone.Thewatermeterwillsendanalarm（警报）tocommunityworkersiflessthan0.01m33333333³ofwaterisusedin12hours.Thatallowscommunityworkerstorushtocheckthesituationofelderlypeople.One—clickservice（一键式服务）telephoneInBeijing’sTongzhouDistrict,communityworkershavefixedone—clickservicetelephonesfortheelderly.Withjustaclickonthephone,elderlypeoplecancallforhelpinanemergency（紧急情况）.RenXiuzhen,an80—year—oldwoman,saidherhusbandisinpoorhealth.Withtheone—clickservicetelephone,shecancall120veryquicklyifsheorherhusbandisinneed.SmartwatchFor61—year—oldShaRuifang,asmartwatchhelpsalot.Itallowshertogooutwithoutworryingtoomuchaboutanunexpectedsituation.Shasaidonceshewasoutwithherfamilywhenshesuddenlyreceivedacallfromthesmartelderlycarecontrolcenter.Theysaidtheyhaddiscoveredanunusualheartbeat（心跳）throughthewatchandaskedherifshefeltunwell.Aftergoingtothehospital,Shawastoldthattherewasaproblemwithherheart.Andastheproblemwasdiscoveredearly,sheonlyneededtotakesomemedicine.根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。20．Thesmartwatermeterwillsendanalarmifitdoesn’tworkwell.21．RenXiuzhenthinkstheone—clickservicetelephoneisveryconvenient.22．ShaRuifanglosthersmartwatchwhenshewasoutwithherfamily.23．Thesmartwatchisusefulforoldpeoplewithhealthproblems.24．Thepassagemainlytalksaboutsomeusefulinventionsforoldpeople.F（2022·四川成都·四川省成都市第三中学校考二模）根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”。WorldpopulationManypeopl