英语四级真题试卷参考

英语四级真题试卷参考

英语四级真题是对高校生的英语力量进行客观、精确的测量，为

提高我国高校英语课程的教学质量服务。下面是我收集推举的英语四

级真题试卷，仅供参考，欢迎阅读。

历年英语四级真题

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutesto

writeashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityand

howtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutno

morethan180words.

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenews

千里之行，始于足下。

reports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoor

threequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswill

bespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoose

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejust

heard.

1.A)Thereturnofabottledmessagetoitsownersdaughter.

B)ANewHampshiremansjokewithfriendsonhiswife.

C)Afathersmessageforhisdaughter.

D)Thehistoryofacentury-oldmotel.

2.A)Shewantedtoshowgratitudeforhiskindness.

B)Shewantedtohonorherfatherspromise.

C)Shehadbeenaskedbyherfathertodoso.

D)Shewasexcitedtoseeherfathershandwriting.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejust

heard.

3.A)Peoplewereconcernedaboutthenumberofbees.

第2页/共27页

B)SeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.

C)Twomillionbeeswereinfectedwithdisease.

D)Zikavirushaddestroyedsomebeefarms.

4.A)Itapologizedtoitscustomers.

B)Itwasforcedtokillitsbees.

C)Itlostahugestockofbees.

D)Itlost2.5milliondollars.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejust

heard.

5.A)Itstayedintheairforabouttwohours.

B)Ittookoffandlandedonafootballfield.

C)Itprovedtobeofhighcommercialvalue.

D)Itmadeaseriesofsharpturnsinthesky.

6.A)Engineeringproblems.

B)Theairpollutionitproduced.

C)Inadequatefunding.

千里之行，始于足下。

D)Theoppositionfromthemilitary.

7.A)Itusesthelatestaviationtechnology.

B)Itfliesfasterthanacommercialjet.

C)Itisasafermeansoftransportation.

D)Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolong

conversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhear

fourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswill

bespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoose

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhave

justheard.

8.A)Itseemsadepressingtopic.

B)Itsoundsquitealarming.

C)Ithaslittleimpactonourdailylife.

D)Itisgettingmoreseriousthesedays.

第4页/共27页

9.A)ThemandoesntunderstandSpanish.

B)Thewomandoesntreallylikedancing.

C)Theydontwantsomethingtoonoisy.

D)Theycantmakeittothetheatreintime.

10.A)ItwouldbemorefunwithoutMr.Whiteheadhosting.

B)Ithastoomanyactstoholdtheaudiencesattention.

C)Itisthemostamusingshowhehaseverwatched.

D)Itisashowinappropriateforanightofcharity.

11.A)Watchacomedy.

B)Goandseethedance.

C)Booktheticketsonline.

D)Seeafilmwiththeman.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhave

justheard.

12.A)Mostofherschoolmatesareyoungerthansheis.

B)Shesimplyhasnoideawhatschooltotransferto.

千里之行，始于足下。

C)Therearetoomanyactivitiesforhertocopewith.

D)Sheworriesshewontfitinasatransferstudent.

13.A)Seekadvicefromseniorstudents.

B)Pickupsomemeaningfulhobbies.

C)Participateinafter-schoolactivities.

D)Lookintowhattheschooloffers.

14.A)Giveherhelpwheneversheneedsit.

B)Acceptherasatransferstudent.

C)Findheraccommodationoncampus.

D)Introducehertoherroommates.

15.A)ShehasinterestssimilartoMr.Lees.

B)ShehasbecomefriendswithCatherine.

C)ShehaschosenthemajorCatherinehas.

D)Shehasjusttransferredtothecollege.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.

第6页/共27页

Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.

Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfrom

thefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust

heard.

16.A)Toinvestigatehowbeingoverweightimpactson

health.

B)Tofindoutwhichphysicaldriveisthemostpowerful.

C)Todiscoverwhatmostmiceliketoeat.

D)Todeterminewhatfeelingsmicehave.

17.A)Whentheyarehungry.

B)Whentheyarethirsty.

C)Whentheysmellfood.

D)Whentheywantcompany.

18.A)Theysearchforfoodingroups.

B)Theyareoverweightwhenfoodisplenty.

千里之行，始于足下。

C)Theyprefertobewithothermice.

D)Theyenjoythecompanyofotheranimals.

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust

heard.

19.A)ItsconstructionstartedbeforeWorldWarI.

B)Itsconstructioncostmorethan$40billion.

C)Itisefficientlyusedfortransport.

D)Itisoneofthebestintheworld.

20.A)Toimprovetransportationinthecountryside.

B)Tomovetroopsquicklyfromplacetoplace.

C)Toenablepeopletotravelatahigherspeed.

D)Tospeedupthetransportationofgoods.

21.A)Inthe1970s.

B)Inthe1960s.

C)Inthe1950s.

D)Inthe1940s.

第8页/共27页

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust

heard.

22.A)Chattingwhiledriving.

B)Messagingwhiledriving.

C)Drivingunderage.

D)Speedingonhighways.

23.A)Agadgettoholdaphoneonthesteeringwheel.

B)Agadgettochargethephoneinacar.

C)Adevicetocontrolthespeedofavehicle.

D)Adevicetoensurepeopledrivewithbothhands.

24.A)Thecarkeepsflashingitsheadlights.

B)Thecarslowsdowngraduallytoahalt.

C)Theyarealertedwithalightandasound.

D)Theygetawarningontheirsmartphone.

25.A)Installingacamera.

B)Usingaconnectedapp.

千里之行，始于足下。

C)Checkingtheiremails.

D)Keepingadailyrecord.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithten

blanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfrom

alistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.

Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.

Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemark

thecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2with

asinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthe

wordsinthebankmorethanonce.

AnofficetoweronMillerStreetinManchesteris

completelycoveredinsolarpanels.Theyareusedtocreatesome

oftheenergyusedbytheinsurancecompanyinside.Whenthe

towerwasfirst26in1962,itwascoveredwiththinsquare

stones.Thesesmallsquarestonesbecameaproblemforthe

buildingandcontinuedtofalloffthefacefor40yearsuntil

amajorrenovationwas27.Duringthisrenovationthebuildings

owners,CIS,28thesolarpanelcompany,Solarcentury.They

agreedtocovertheentirebuildinginsolarpanels.In2023,

thecompletedCIStowerbecameEuropeslargest29ofvertical

solarpanels.Averticalsolarprojectonsuchalarge30has

neverbeenrepeatedsince.

Coveringaskyscraperwithsolarpanelshadneverbeendone

第10页/共27页

before,andtheCIStowerwaschosenasoneofthe10bestgreen

energyprojects.Foralongtimeafterthisrenovationproject,

itwasthetallestbuildingintheUnitedKingdom,butitwas

31overtakenbytheMi11bankTower.

Greenbuildingslikethisarent32cost-efficientforthe

investor,butitdoesproducemuchlesspollutionthanthat

causedbyenergy33throughfossilfuels.Assolarpanelsget

34,theworldislikelytoseemoreskyscraperscoveredinsolar

panels,collectingenergymuchliketreesdo.Imagineaworld

wherebuildingthetallestskyscraperwasntaraceof35,but

ratheronetocollectthemostsolarenergy.

A)cheaperB)cleanerC)collectionD)competedE)

constructedF)consultedG)dimensionH)discoveredI)

eventuallyJ)heightK)necessarilyL)productionM)rangeN)

scale0)undertaken

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassage

withtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontains

informationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifythe

paragraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychoose

aparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwitha

letter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorresponding

letteronAnswerSheet2.

SomeCollegeStudentsAreAngryThatTheyHavetoPayto

DoTheirHomework

千里之行，始于足下。

A)Digitallearningsystemsnowchargestudentsforaccess

codesneededtocompletecoursework,takequizzes,andturnin

homework.Asuniversitiesgodigital,studentsarecomplaining

ofanewhittotheirfinancesthatsreplacing一andsometimes

joining-expensivetextbooks:priceyonlineaccesscodesthat

arerequiredtocompletecourseworkandsubmitassignments.

B)Thecodes-whichtypicallyrangeinpricefrom$80to

$155percourse一givestudentsonlineaccesstosystems

developedbyeducationcompanieslikeMcGrawHillandPearson.

Thesecompanies,whichlongreapedbigprofitsastextbook

publishers,haveboastedthattheirnewonlineofferings,when

pushedtostudentsthroughuniversitiestheypartnerwith,

representthefutureoftheindustry.

C)Butcriticssaythedigitalaccesscodesrepresentthe

sameprofit-seekingethos(观念)ofthetextbookbusiness,and

areevenharderforstudentstooptoutof.Whiletheycould

oncebuysecond-handtextbooks,orsharecopieswithfriends,

thedigitalsystemsareessentiallyimpossibletoavoid.

D)Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenew

faceofthetextbookmonopoly(垄断)，anewwaytolockstudents

aroundthissystem,saidEthanSenack,thehighereducation

advocatefortheU.S.PublicInterestResearchGroup,to

BuzzFeedNews.Ratherthan$250(foraprinttextbook)youre

paying$120,saidSenack.Butbecauseitsalldigitalit

eliminatestheusedbookmarketandeliminatesanysharingand

becausehomeworkandtestsarethroughanaccesscode,it

eliminatesanyabilitytooptout.

第12页/共27页

E)SarinaHarpet,a19-year-oldstudentatVirginiaTech,

wasfacedwithatoughdilemmawhenshefirststartedcollege

in2023—payrentorpaytoturninherchemistryhomework.She

toldBuzzFeedNewsthatherfreshmanchemistryclassrequired

hertouseConnect,asystemprovidedbyMcGrawHillwhere

studentscansubmithomework,takeexamsandtracktheirgrades.

Butthecodetoaccesstheprogramcost$120-abigsumfor

Harper,whohadalreadyputdown$450fortextbooks,andhad

rentdayapproaching.

F)Shedecidedtowaitforhernextwork-studypaycheck,

whichwastypically$150-$200,topayforthecode.Sheknew

thatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveasaresult.Itsa

balancingact,shesaid.CanIreallyaffordtheseaccesscodes

now?Shedidnthandinherfirsttwoassignmentsforchemistry,

whichstartedheroutintheclasswithafailinggrade.

G)Theaccesscodesmaybeanotherfinancialheadachefor

students,butfortextbookbusinesses,theyrethefuture.

McGrawHill,whichcontrols21%ofthehighereducationmarket,

reportedinMarchthatitsdigitalcontentsalesexceededprint

salesforthefirsttimein2023.Thecompanysaidthat45%of

its$140millionrevenuein2023wasderivedfromdigital

products.

H)APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthatdigital

materialsarelessexpensiveandagoodinvestmentthatoffer

newfeatures,likeaudiotexts,personalizedknowledgechecks

andexpertvideos.Itsdigitalcoursematerialssavestudents

upto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,the

companyadded.McGrawHilldidntrespondtoarequestfor

千里之行，始于足下。

comment,butitsCEODavidLevintoldtheFinancialTimesin

Augustthatinhighereducation,theeraoftheprintedtextbook

isnowover.

I)Thetextbookindustryinsiststheonlinesystems

representabetterdealforstudents.Thesedigitalproducts

arentjustmechanismsforstudentstosubmithomework,they

offerallkindsoffeatures,DavidAnderson,theexecutive

directorofhighereducationwiththeAssociationofAmerican

Publishers,toldBuzzFeedNews.Ithelpsstudentsunderstand

inawaythatyoucantdowithprinthomeworkassignments.

J)DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyat

AugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitaltextbooks

acrossitsmathandpsychologydepartments,toldBuzzFeedNews

thatheunderstandstheutilityofusingsystemsthatrequire

accesscodes.Buthedoesntrequirehisstudentstobuyaccess

toalearningprogramthatcontrolstheclassassignments.I

trytomakethingsasinexpensiveaspossible,saidHunt,who

usesfreedigitaltextbooksforhisclassesbutdesignshisown

curriculum.Theonlinesystemsmaymakemylifealoteasier

butIfeellikeImgivingupcontrol.Thediscussionsarethe

thingswheremyexpertisecanbenefitthestudentsmost.

K)A20-year-oIdjunioratGeorgiaSouthernUniversitytold

BuzzFeedNewsthatshenormallyspends$500-$600onaccess

codesforclass.Inonecase,theprofessordidntrequire

studentstobuyatextbook,justanaccesscodetoturnin

homework.Thisyearshesaidshespent$900onaccesscodes

tobooksandprograms.Thatstwomonthsofrent,shesaid.You

cantsellanyofitback.Withatraditionaltextbookyoucan

第14页/共27页

sellitfor$30-$50andthathelpstopayforyournew

semestersbooks.Withanaccesscode,youreoutofthatmoney.

L)BenjaminWolverton,a19-year-oldstudentatthe

UniversityofSouthCarolina,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatits

ridiculousthatafterpayingtensofthousandsintuitionwe

havetopayforalltheseaccesscodestodoourhomework.Many

oftheaccesscodeshespurchasedhavebeenrequiredsimplyto

completehomeworkorquizzes.Oftenitsonly10%ofyourgrade

inclass,hesaid.Yourepayingsomuchmoneyforsomethingthat

hardlyaffectsyourgrade—butifyoudidnthaveit,itwould

affectyourgradesenough.Itwouldbebadtostartoutata

BorC.Wolvertonsaidhespent$500onaccesscodesfordigital

booksandprogramsthissemester.

M)Harper,apoultry(家禽)sciencemajor,istaking

chemistryagainthisyearandhadtobuyanewaccesscodeto

handinherhomework.Sherentedhereconomicsandstatistics

textbooksforabout$20each.Butheraccesscodesforhomework,

whichcantberentedorboughtsecond-hand,werehermost

expensivepurchases:$120and$85.

N)Shestillremembersthestingofherfirstexperience

skippinganassignmentduetothehighprices.Wedontreally

haveamissedassignmentpolicy,shesaid.Ifyoumissit,you

justmissit.Ijustgotzerosonacoupleoffirstassignments.

Imanagedtopulleverythingbackup.Butasascaredfreshman

lookingattheirgrades,itsnotfun.

36.Astudentsyearlyexpensesonaccesscodesmayamount

totheirrentfortwomonths.

千里之行，始于足下。

37.Theonlineaccesscodesmaybeseenasawaytotiethe

studentstothedigitalsystem.

38.Ifastudenttakesacourseagain,theymayhavetobuy

anewaccesscodetosubmittheirassignments.

39.McGrawHillaccountsforoverone-fifthofthemarket

shareofcollegetextbooks.

40.Manytraditionaltextbookpublishersarenowoffering

onlinedigitalproducts,whichtheybelievewillbethefuture

ofthepublishingbusiness.

41.Onestudentcomplainedthattheynowhadtopayfor

accesscodesinadditiontothehightuition.

42.Digitalmaterialscancoststudentslessthanhalfthe

priceoftraditionalprintedbooksaccordingtoapublisher.

43.Onestudentdecidednottobuyheraccesscodeuntil

shereceivedthepayforherpart-timejob.

44.Onlinesystemsmaydepriveteachersofopportunities

tomakethebestuseoftheirexpertisefortheirstudents.

45.Digitalaccesscodesarecriticizedbecausetheyare

profit-drivenjustlikethetextbookbusiness.

SectionC

第16页/共27页

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Each

passageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.

ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)and

D).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46and50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.

Weknowtheriskofdementia(痴呆症)increaseswithage.But

ifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedntworry.Thereare

prettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaand

age-relatedmemoryloss.

Afterage50,itsquitecommontohavetroubleremembering

thenamesofpeople,placesandthingsquickly,saysDr.Kirk

DaffnerofBrighamandWomensHospitalinBoston.

Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainparts

shrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportantto

learning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscan

affectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.

Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.

Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,for

example,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplot

ofthemovieordontrememberevenseeingit,thatsfarmore

concerning,Daffnersays.

千里之行，始于足下。

Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,thatsared

flagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved.Forgetting

howtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,or

forgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyouvevisited

manytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.

Buteventhen,Daffnersays,peopleshouldntpanic.There

aremanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,

includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathing

duringsleep,highbloodpressure,ordepression,aswellas

medications（药物）likeantidepressants.

Youdonthavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Daffner

suggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,health

problemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory.And

thebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventit

bybuildingupyourbrainscognitive（认知的）reserve,Daffner

says.

Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivities

thatforceonetothinkinnovelways,hesays.Inotherwords,

keepyourbrainbusyancworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,

becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster.

46.Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedntbeconcerned

aboutmemoryslips?

A）Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.

B）Theyoccuronlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.

第18页/共27页

C)Notallofthemarerelatedtoonesage.

D)Theyarequitecommonamongfifty-year-olds.

47.Whathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassage?

A)Ourinteractionskillsdeteriorate.

B)Somepartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.

C)Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.

D)Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.

48.Whichmemory-relatedsymptomshouldpeopletake

seriously?

A)Totallyforgettinghowtodoonesdailyroutines.

B)Inabilitytorecalldetailsofoneslifeexperiences.

C)Failuretorememberthenamesofmoviesoractors.

D)Occasionallyconfusingtheaddressesofonesfriends.

49.Whatshouldpeopledowhensignsofseriousmemoryloss

showup?

A)Checkthebrainscognitivereserve.

千里之行，始于足下。

B)Stopmedicationsaffectingmemory.

C)Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.

D)Exercisetoimprovetheirwell-being.

50.WhatisDr.Daffnersadviceforcombatingmemoryloss?

A)Havingregularphysicalandmentalcheckups.

B)Takingmedicinethathelpsboostonesbrain.

C)Engaginginknownmemoryrepairactivities.

D)Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturned

totheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives(档案馆)bytheFBI

afterbeingstolentwice.

Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing,saysEffie

Kapsalis,headoftheSmithsonianInsitutionArchives.Itwas

notedasmissingandlikelytakenbyanintern(实习生)，from

whattheFBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissing

whensomeoneaskedtoseetheletterforresearchpurposes,and

theinternputtheletterback.Theinternlikelytookthe

letteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit.

第20页/共27页

Decadespassed.Finally,theFBIreceivedatipthatthe

stolendocumentwaslocatedveryclosetoWashington,D.C.

Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbutwereunableto

presschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.The

FBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethatthe

letterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsoniansproperty.

TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmerican

geologist,Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden,forsendinghim

copiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwould

becomeYellowstoneNationalPark.

Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition,inspiteofbeing

outofthecareoftrainedmuseumstaffforsolong.Itwas

luckilyingoodshape,saysKapsalis,andwejusthavetodo

someminorthingsinordertobeabletounfoldit.Ithassome

glueonitthathascoloreditslightly,butnothingthatwill

preventusfromusingit.Afteritisrepaired,wewilltake

digitalphotosofitandthatwillbeavailableonline.Oneof

ourgoalsistogetitemsofhighresearchvalueorinterest

tothepubliconline.

Itwouldnowbedifficultforanintern,visitororathief

tostealadocumentlikethis.Archivingpracticeshavechanged

greatlysincethe1970s,saysKapsalis,andwekeepourhigh

valuedocumentsinasafethatIdontevenhaveaccessto.

51.WhathappenedtoDarwinsletterinthe1970s?

A)ItwasrecoveredbytheFBI.

千里之行，始于足下。

B)Itwasstolenmorethanonce.

C)Itwasputinthearchivesforresearchpurposes.

D)ItwaspurchasedbytheSmithsonianArchives.

52.WhatdidtheFBIdoaftertherecoveryoftheletter?

A)Theyproveditsauthenticity.

B)Theykeptitinaspecialsafe.

C)Theyarrestedthesuspectimmediately.

D)Theypressedcriminalchargesinvain.

53.WhatisDarwinsletterabout?

A)TheevolutionofYellowstoneNationalPark.

B)HiscooperationwithanAmericangeologist.

C)Somegeologicalevidencesupportinghistheory.

D)Hisacknowledgementofhelpfromaprofessional.

54.WhatwilltheSmithsonianInstitutionArchivesdowith

theletteraccordingtoKapsalis?

A)Reserveitforresearchpurposesonly.

第22页/共27页

B)Turnitintoanobjectofhighinterest.

C)Keepitapermanentsecret.

D)Makeitavailableonline.

55.Whathasthepasthalfcenturywitnessedaccordingto

Kapsalis?

A)Growinginterestinrareartobjects.

B)Radicalchangesinarchivingpractices.

C)Recoveryofvariousmissingdocuments.

D)Increasesinthevalueofmuseumexhibits.

PartIVTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutesto

transl