专题16 7BU8-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）

7BU8-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）过单词短语过单词短语Comicstripandwelcometotheunit1.Howrudeyouare!你真粗鲁!(教材第92页)rude形容词，意为“粗鲁的，不礼貌的"，可在句中作表语或定语。其反义词polite意为“礼貌的”。Itisrudeofyoutosayso.你这样说话太粗鲁了。Weshouldn'tsayrudethingstoothers.我们不应该对别人说粗话。2.That'sit.就是这样。(教材第92页)That'sit.是句常用的口语，表示赞同或鼓励，意为“对了，就是这样，这就对了”。That'sit.Let'stellhimthenews.这就对了，咱们告诉他这个消息吧。3.goldfish金鱼(教材第93页)goldfish可数名词，意为“金鱼”,单复数同形，其复数形式仍为goldfish.Therearemanybeautifulgoldfishinthepond.池塘里有许多美丽的金鱼。[拓展]fish意为“鱼”，表示鱼的数量时，单复数同形;表示鱼的种类时,复数形式为fishes;表“鱼肉”之意时,fish为不可数名词。Helpyourselftosomefish,please.请随便吃些鱼。4.mouse老鼠(教材第93页)mouse可数名词，意为“老鼠，耗子”,复数形式为mice。mouse还可指“鼠标”，复数形式为mouses。Therearet0omanymiceinthehouse,soweneedacat.房子里的老鼠太多，因此我们需要-只猫。Thetwomousesnexttothecomputeraremine.电脑边的两个鼠标是我的。5.....Ilikewatchingthemswimaround....我喜欢看着它们游来游去。(教材第93页)watchsb.dosth.意为“看(见)某人做某事”，表示一个完整的动作过程或经常性、习惯性的动作。watchsb.doingsth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在进行。Ilikewatchingchildrenplaybasketball.我喜欢看孩子们打篮球。Theoldmaniswatchinghisgrandsonplayingonthefloor.那位老人正注视着孙子在地板上玩。[拓展]常见的含有around的短语有:lookaround到处看看walkaround四处逛逛turnaround围绕....转动;转身show..around引领...参观jumparound跳来跳去6.shelovestosleeponmyknees.....她喜欢在我的膝盖上睡觉。(教材第93页)knee此处用作可数名词，意为“膝盖”Mycatlikessleepingonmyknees.我的猫喜欢在我的膝盖上睡觉。Mymother'skneeshurtwhenitiscold.天冷时我妈妈的膝盖就疼。....it’sverysmallandsoftandIcanholditinmyhand.....双小又柔软，我可以把它拿在手里。(教材第93页)hold作及物动词，意为“握住,拿”。HoldmyhandandIcanpullyouout.握住我的手，我能把你拉出来。[拓展]hold作及物动词，还可意为:举行。Weholdasportsmeetingeveryterm.我们每学期举行一次运动会。8....canfeedhercarrotsandIlikeherlongears....我可以喂她胡萝卜,我喜欢她的长耳朵。(教材第93页)feed此处用作及物动词，意为“喂(养);......供给”。其过去式为fed。常用表达有:①feedAonB或feedBtoA给A喂BWefeedthesheepongrass.=Wefeedgrasstothesheep.我们给羊喂草。②feedonsth.以某物为食Cowsfeedongrass.奶牛以草为食。9...hecansing,andIwanttoteachhimtospeak....他会唱歌，我还想教他说话。(教材第93页)①teachsb.sth.意为“教某人某事”。此时teach后接双宾语，sb.如果是代词，要用宾格形式。Whoteachesthemmathsthisterm?这学期谁教他们数学?②teachoneself..意为“自学....”相当于learn...byoneself.TomisteachinghimselfChinese.=TomislearningChinesebyhimself.汤姆正在自学汉语。③teachsb.(how)todosth.意为“教某人(如何)做某事”。Weshouldteachthechildrentoknowgoodfrombad.我们应该教孩子们分辨是非。ReadingHereareherfavouritepoems.这是她最喜欢的诗。(教材第94页)poem可数名词，意为“诗”。Poet可数名词，意为“诗人”2Mydogisthecleverestofall我的狗是最聪明的动物。(教材第94页)Heisthecleverestboyinourclass.他是我们班最聪明的男孩。Thisisthebestoneofallhispaintings.在他所有的画中,这是最好的一幅。3.Hedoesn'tjustrunafteraball.他不仅仅会追逐球。(教材第94页)runafter.....意为“追逐，追求””。Ifyoununaftertwoharesatthesametimeyou'llcatchneither.如果同时追逐两只野兔，你将一无所得。4.Witheyesopenwide.睁大眼睛....(教材第94页)wide此处用作副词，意为“充分地”。此处修饰形容词open。Pleaseopenyourmouthwide.请把嘴张大。[拓展]wide还可用作形容词，意为“宽广的,宽阔的”。Ourclassroomis10metreslongand8metreswide.我们的教室10米长,8米宽。辨析:wide与widely两者作副词的区别①wide表示实际意义上的“宽”，意为“充分地”。Thedoorwaswideopen.门四敞大开。②widely表示抽象意义上的“宽”，意为“广泛地，普遍地”。Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英语在世界上被广泛应用。自意5...HehuntswhenIhide..我躲藏，他搜寻。(教材第94页)hunter可数名词，意为“猎人”。

The

number

of

hunters

is

becoming

smaller

andsmaller.猎人的数量正变得越来越少。

hide此处用作不及物动词，

意为“躲藏，隐藏”

hide

from

sb.意为“避开某人，躲避某人”。Miceareafraidofcats.Theyoftenhidefromthem.老鼠害怕猫。它们经常躲避它们。hideandseek捉迷藏6....Buildsmecampsoutofsticks...用树枝给我搭建营地。(教材第94页)build..outof...意为“用...建造.....”=use....tobuild....Theworkersarebuildinganewbridge.工人们正在建一座新桥。Webuildhousesoutofbricksandstones.=Weusebricksandstonestobuildhouses.我们用砖和石头建房子。7...Andhedoesn'tliketofight....他也不喜欢打架。(教材第94页)fight意为“打架，战斗，斗争”,其过去式为fought。fightwithsb.意为“和某人打架”fightforsth.意为“为某事而打架”。Theydidn'tfightwitheachotherfromthenon.从那以后，他们不相互打架了。Thetwodogsfoughtforabone.这两条狗为了一块骨头争斗。8.And'lllookafterhimtilltheend...我会照顾他一直到最后。(教材第94页)(1)lookafter意为“照顾，照料”，lookafter..well意为“照顾好.....Ilookaftermypetverywell我把我的宠物照顾得很好。till此处用作介词，意为:到....时，直到....为止与until近义。用于肯定句时，谓语动词是延续性动词，表示动作一直持续到tll/until所表示的时间为止;与not连用构成no..until结构时，谓语动词为非延续性动词，表示动作直到till/until所表示时间才开始。Iwillstayheretill/untiltwelveoclock.我将留在这儿一直到12点。Hedidn'tcometill/untillateinthemorning.他直到上午很晚才来。(3)end名词，意为“终止;结尾,末尾”，常用短语有:intheend(=atlast=finally)最后，终于attheendof...的末尾/尽头Thereisapostofficeattheendofthestreet.在街道的尽头有一家邮局。9.Sheisn'tanytrouble.她不惹麻烦。(教材第94页)trouble名词，意为“困难，麻烦”。常用短语:introuble处于困难中，陷人困境中outoftrouble脱离困境havetroublewithsth.在某方面有麻烦havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有麻烦IhavetroublewithEnglish.=Ihavetrouble(in)learningEnglish.我学习英语有麻烦。[拓展]What'sthetroublewithyou?=What'swrongwithyou?=What'sthematterwithyou?你怎么了?10Wedon'thavetofeedhermuch.我们不需要喂她很多。(教材第94页)don'thaveto意为“不必”，相当于needn't。对must引导的一般疑问句进行否定回答时通常用needn't或don'thaveto。Youdon'thavetodoyourhomeworkfirstnow.现在你没有必要先做作业。--MustIgohomenow?我现在必须回家吗?--No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.不，你不必。11.Shedoesn'tneedagentletouch.她不需要温柔的触摸。(教材第94页)gentle形容词，意为“温柔的，温和的”其副词形式gently意为“轻轻地;温柔地”Shespokeinagentlevoice.她说话声音柔和。12And"alwaysistakecareofhim.我会直照顾他。(教材第95页)takecareof意为“照顾，照料”，相当于lookafter.takegoodcareof...意为“好好照顾....”相当于lookafterwell.Weonlyhaveoneearth,soweneedtotakegoodcareofit.=Weonlyhaveoneearth,soweneedtolookafteritwell.我们只有一个地球，因此我们需要好好照顾它。Grammar1.feel摸起来(教材第97页)feel此处用作连系动词，意为“摸起来;感觉”，后接形容词作表语。Ifeeltirednow.现在我觉得很累。[拓展]常见的感官系动词还有:look(看起来)，smell(有....味)，taste(....味道)，sound(听起来)。2.Whenshegetstired,shesleepsanywhere.她累了时会在任何地方睡觉。(教材第97页)anywhere副词，意为“任何地方，无论哪里”。多用于疑问句或否定句中，代替somewhere;用于肯定句时，意为“任何地方”。Whereismypen?Ican'tfinditanywhere.我的钢笔在哪里?我哪里都找不到它。Youcansitanywhereyoulike.你喜欢坐在哪里就坐在哪里。3.Heisveryclever,andhecanrepeatmywords.他非常聪明，会重复我说的话。(教材第97页)repeat此处用作及物动词，意为“重复，重做”。Ididn'thearwhatyousaid.Pleaserepeatitagain.我没有听见你说的话,请把它重复一遍。4.Heishappyallthetime.他总是很高兴。(教材第97页)allthetime意为“总是，一直”。Iknewhimaweekago,butIdon'tknowhisnameallthetime.我一周前认识他的，但是我一直不知道他的名字。[拓展]与time有关的常用短语:atthattime在那时atthesametime同时intime及时ontime按时everytime每次haveagoodtime玩得高兴5.Idon'tagree.我不同意。(教材第98页)agree及物或不及物动词，意为“同意;应允”。主要有以下用法:agreetodosth.意为“同意做某事”。Heagreedtogetsomeonetohelpus.他同意找人来帮助我们。agreewithsb.表示“同意某人的意见”。Iagreewiththem.我同意他们的意见。6.There'snothingwrongwithkeepingasnakeifyoulikeit.如果你喜欢，养蛇(7)没有问题。(教材第98页)keep此处用作及物动词,意为“饲养”，相当于feed。Keepingapetisn'taneasyjob.养宠物不是一件容易的事情。[拓展]keep还有以下含义:借用HowlongcanIkeepthebook?这本书我能借多久?Integratedskills1.Putyourgoldfishinthesun把你的金鱼放在阳光下。(教材第99页)inthesun意为“在阳光下”。Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。2.Agoldfishcanweighupto40grams.一条金鱼可重达40克。(教材第99页)weigh此处用作不及物动词，意为“重;.....重”其名词形式为weight,意为“重量”。Howmuchdoesaparrotweigh?=What'stheweightofaparrot?一只鹦鹉有多重?[拓展]loseweight减肥putonweight体重增加，变胖3.Goldfishareeasytolookafter.金鱼易于照料。(教材第99页)宠物狗是容易养的。Apetdogiseasytokeep4.Feedthemonceaday.一天喂它们一次。(教材第99页)once副词，意为“一次”。Wehaveaclassmeetingonceaweek.我们一周开一次班会。5.Theycangrowuptobe20centimetreslongandweighupto400grams.它们能长到20厘米长，重达400克。(教材第99页)growup意为“成长;长大成人”Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?你长大后想做什么?.6.Itwasatalkaboutgoldfish.是关于金鱼的报告。(教材第100页)(1)talk可数名词，意为“讲座，演讲”Therewillbeatalkonhistorytomorrow.明天将会有一个关于历史的讲座。(2)辨析：about与on二者都表示“关于”，其区别为:用about时，表示内容较普通，不太正式;用on时,表示是严肃的、学术性的，是供专门研究用的。IhavesomebooksonChina.我有一些关于中国的书。7.Dotheymakeanynoise?它们会发出噪音吗?(教材第100页)noise此处用作不可数名词，意为“声音;噪音”makenoise意为“制造噪音”。其形容词形式为noisy,意为“吵闹的，嘈杂的"，其副词形式为noisily,意为“吵闹地，嘈杂地”。It'stoonoisy.Don'tmakeanynoise.太吵了，别弄出噪音。辨析:noise,sound与voicenoise常具有贬义，表示令人心烦的或不和谐的“嘈杂声，噪音，响声”。sound泛指一切可以听到的声音voice表示“嗓音”，指人的说话声或歌声;也可指鸟叫声8.Weonlybrushherfureveryday.我们只是每天给她梳理皮毛。(教材第100页)brush此处用作及物动词，意为“刷;擦”。Webrushteetheveryday.我们每天刷牙。[拓展]brush还可用作可数名词，意为“刷子”，其复数形式为brushes。Thereisabrushonthefloor.在地板上有一把刷子。Task1Myfavouritepetisacat.我最喜欢的宠物是一只猫。(教材第102页)favourite形容词，意为“最喜欢的”，相当于like...best。Whichisyourfavouritestar?=Whichstardoyoulikebest?你最喜欢的明星是哪一-位?2.Whatdoesitlooklike?它长什么样?(教材第103页)Whatdoes..looklike?用来询问人或物的外貌特征。Whatdoesyourfatherlooklike?你的父亲长什么样?[拓展]①"Whatis...like?"既可以用来询问外貌特征，又可以询问性格特征。---Whatareyourfriendslike?你的朋友们怎么样?---Theyarefriendlyandhelpful.他们既友好又乐于助人。②“Whatdoes....like?”用来询问喜欢什么。---Whatdoesyourcatlike?你的猫喜欢什么?---Itlikesfish.它喜欢鱼肉。过语法 过语法（一）形容词形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。如：tired,boring,busy,beautiful,easy,difficult,exciting等。1、adj.+n.形容词修饰名词。如：Itwasawindyday.那是一个有风的天。Canyouhearastrangenoise?你能听到一个奇怪的声音吗？2、系动词+adj.形容词作表语有：一be,二保持keep,stay三变become,turnget,,五个感官look,smell,feel,sound,taste,等。Sheishonestandhelpful.她诚实而又乐于助人。Thegardenlookssobeautiful.花园看起来很美。3.不定代词+adj.作后置定语修饰不定代词Thereisnothingwrongwithmycomputer.keep/make+宾语+adj.作宾语补足语eg.Weshouldkeeptheroomclean.（二）不定代词1.someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,noone/nobody(1)someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,noone/nobody都是指代人的不定代词。当我们不确定所谈论的人的名字或者不需要提及他/她的名字时，就可以用这些不定代词指代（2）someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,noone/nobody都具有单数含义，因此后面的谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Someoneiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.有人在校门口等你。（3）可以有所有格形式，指某个人所拥有的东西，相应的代词一般也用单数。如：Idon’twanttowasteanyone’stime.我不想浪费任何人的时间。2.something,anything,nothing(1)something,anything,nothing常指代物，代表不确定的某样东西或不需要提及名字的某样东西。(2)形容词修饰不定代词的时候常位于其后，作后置定语。如：Doyouwantanythingelse?你还想要点其他什么东西吗？I’mlookingforsomeonespecial.我在寻找一个特殊的人。(3)一般来说，something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句；但当问话人认为对方确实需要某物或该做某事而希望得到肯定回答时，在问句中用something如：Canyoudosomethingforme?Ireallyneedyourhelp.你能为我做件事吗？我真的需要你的帮助。重难点训练重难点训练一、单项选择Doyouoften______goodbyetoyourparentsbeforeleavinghome?A.speakB.sayC.tellD.talkMaybeyou_______tofeedyourcatmuch.Itdoesn’teatalot.A.needB.needn’tC.don’tneedD.shouldIhavenotrouble_________English.ButI’mnotverygoodatlistening.A.speakingB.spokeC.speakD.tospeakDoyouthinkparrotsarenotdifficult________.A.takecareB.takecareofC.totakecareofD.totakingcareofPleasedon’tmaketoomuch________.It’smuchtoo________.A.noise;noiseB.noise;noisyC.noisy;noisyD.noisy;noise6.Ourhouseisdifferent_______yours_______someways.A.on;inB.from;inC.from;asD.in;on7.Youshouldn’tdoeyeexercisedwithyoureyes________.A.openedB.openC.closeD.closed8.----Howdoyouliketheanimalshow?----________.A.That’sOKB.IlikeitC.VeryfunnyD.Notatall9.Ihavetworulers.Oneislong,and______isshort.A.otherB.theotherC.theothersD.another10.I_____gotobed_____mymothercameback.A.won’t;untilB.didn’t;untilC.will;untilD./;when11.----Katedidn’tcometoschoollastFriday,didshe?----_______,though(尽管)shewasn’tfeelingwell.No,shedidB.No,shedidn’tC.Yes,shedidn’tD.Yes,shedid12.Idon’tthink______necessarytotellyouaboutit.A.thisB.thatC.himD.it13.----Excuseme,Sir.Butyoucan’tsmokehere.----Sorry,I’ll______mycigarette.putupB.putoffC.putawayD.putout14.Whyaretheparents______theirbaby?----Becauseheisill.A.worryaboutB.worryingforC.worriedaboutD.worriedfor15.Youmustkeeptheparrot_____from______.Thecatiswaitingforit.A.safety;dangerousB.safety;dangerC.safe;dangerD.safe;dangerous【答案】1-5：BBACB6-10:BBCBB11-15:DDDCC二、句型转换1.Thecinemaistwentyminutes’walkfromthecitycenter.(对划线部分提问)_______________________thecinemafromthecitycenter?2.Shespenttwohourswalkingaroundthelake.(同义句)It______________twohours______________aroundthelake.3.Thecatweighsabout2kilograms.(对划线部分提问)___________________________thecatweigh?4.Somethinghappenedtoheronherwayhome.(改为一般疑问句)__________________________toheronherwayhome?【答案】1.Howfaris2.tookhertowalk3.Howmuchdoes4.Didanythinghappen三、动词填空Dadsaysthatwe_____________(have)acampingtripthisweekend.Isawtwodogs____________(fight)witheachotheratthreeyesterdayafternoon.You’dbetter____________(take)goodcareofyourgoldfish,ortheywon’tgrowwell.Thebabypanda___________(weigh)onlyabout100gramswhenitwastendaysold.Allthestudents___________(get)readyforthecomingEnglishtestnow.Remembertowashyourhandsbefore___________(have)meals.Shealwaysasksherson______________(notbe)latefordoinganything.Don’tspendtoomuchtime__________(play)withyourpet.Mothertoldme____________(notfeed)thedogatthetable.Canyouhearthechildren____________(sing)inthenextroom?Hewilltellyoursisteraboutitassoonas_________(meet)herinherofficetomorrow.Youmayhurtyourselfifyou_________(notbe)careful.Thewholeclass__________(talk)aboutthecomingexamintheclassroom.Myfather___________(write)alettertohisfriendwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.It’simportant__________(notgo)toschoolwithoutbreakfast.【答案】willhave2.fighting3.take4.weighed5.aregetting6.having7.nottobe8.playing9.nottofeed10.singing11.meets12.aren’t13.aretalking14.waswriting15.nottogo四、根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上下文，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空只写一词。1.Someparrotsarecleverenoughto(重复)someeasywords.2.Thebabycan(握，拿)thetoyinonehand.3.Thecatwaslookingfor(老鼠)everywhere.4.Themotheris(喂)thebabywithaspoon.5.―DoyouknowaboutDuFu,agreatpoet?―Yes.Iknowmanyofhis(诗).6.Iftheboy(触摸)thedog'sfood,itwillbarkathim.7.Theboynevermakesany(麻烦)atschool.8.―Doyoukeepadogasapet?―No,becausedogsaresometimestoowhentheymeetstrangers.9."Youshouldgotobednow.It'stoolate,baby,"themothersaidtoherson.10.Mikehassomedifficultyinspeaking.Hismotheroftenhimtospeaksomeeasywords.【答案】1-5repeatholdmicefeedingpoems6-10touchestroublenoisygentlyteaches五、完形填空Everyonehasaplacewhichheremembersmostfromhischildhood(童年),andsodoI.OneoftheplacesIremembermostfrommychildhoodisa1inthecountry.Itbelongedtomyparents.Ispentmysummersinthatplace2Iwasateenager(青少年),andnowIbegintomissthefarmagain.Itwaslovelyto3there.Therewerealotof4―cows,sheep,hens,andnaturallydogsandcats.MysisterandI5helpedtoworkonthefarm.Wehelpedpeoplegraze(放牧)sheepormakebreadorcheese.IcanstillrememberthatonTuesdayswe6breadandonThursdays,cheese.IlovethatfarmbecauseI7toloveanimalsandnottobeafraidofthemthere.Wesawasheepgivebirthtoitsbabythere,andweenjoyedstayingtheretoplaywiththelovely8sheep.Nowmysisterandhersonare9onthefarm.Mynephew(外甥)is10withtheplace.Ihopethathecanhaveagoodtimethereandwhenhegrowsup,hewillremembertheplaceasIdo.()1.A.houseB.farmC.villageD.park()2.A.assoonasB.untilC.though(尽管)D.since()3.A.stayB.readC.learnD.leave()4.A.flowersB.plantsC.animalsD.dogs()5.A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes()6.A.makeB.madeC.tomakeD.making()7.A.wantedB.rememberedC.learnedD.stopped()8.A.littleB.cleverC.colourfulD.white()9.A.leavingB.painting