专题15.3 完形填空（说明建议类）（第01期） 带解析

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编（一）【2019•广东省深圳市】Nowadays,lotsofforeignersarelearningChinese.Likemanyofthem,I16knewtwowordsofChinese(＂NiHao＂and＂XieXie＂)whenIfirstcametoBeijing,Chinain2009.Asyoucanguess,mylifewas17forawhileafterIarrived.Simpletaskslikeorderingfoodortakingataxiwerequitestressful.IknewIhadtolearnmoreChinese,soI18aChineseclass.Myteacherwas19,althoughIdidn’tlearnenoughtohavearealconversation.LaterIstudiedonmyownaswell,butmyprogresswasstillslow.AndIdecidedto20.Aroundthistime,IstartedplayinginabandwithaChinesemanwhobecameoneofmybestfriendsinBeijing.Hetaughtmealotof21aboutmusic,suchas＂melody＂.HelearnedalotofEnglishfrommeinreturn,soitwasagoodwayto22languageandculture.IhavelearnedenoughChineseto23manyproblemslikebookingtraintickets.Thesedays,therearemoreforeignerswhoarestudyingChinese.Ican24whyit’sanamazinglanguage.Finally,Ifoundthatthebestwaytolearna25istomakefriendswithnativespeakersandspendtimewiththem.16.A.usually B.only C.hardly17.A.easy B.interesting C.difficult18.A.missed B.attended C.taught19.A.helpful B.cheerful C.thankful20.A.makeup B.putup C.giveup21.A.words B.names C.jokes22.A.change B.imagine C.exchange23.A.dealwith B.lookfor C.thinkof24.A.hope B.realize C.doubt25.A.language B.subject C.task16. B【解析】考查上下文语境与副词词义辨析，句意为像许多人一样，我仅仅知道两个中文词汇。only意为＂仅仅＂。17. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析，句意为你能猜到，在我到达之后很长一段时间内，我的生活过得都很艰难。＂difficult＂意为＂困难的；艰难的＂，故用difficult。easy＂简单的＂，interesting意为＂有趣的＂。18. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析，句意为我知道我必须学习中文，因此我报了一个中文班。＂attend＂意为＂参加＂。＂miss＂意为＂失去；想念＂，＂teach＂意为＂教；教学＂。19. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为尽管我学的词汇还不足以支撑我与人真正的进行交流，但是我的老师对我的帮助还是很大的。＂helpful＂意为＂有帮助的＂。＂cheerful＂意为＂振奋的＂，＂thankful＂意为＂感激的＂。20. C【解析】考查上下文语境与动词词组词义辨析，根据上下文可知我自己学习中文进度很慢，我决定放弃了。＂giveup＂意为＂放弃＂，＂makeup＂意为＂编造；弥补＂，＂putup＂意为＂举起；支起；提高＂。21. A【解析】考査上下文语境与名词词义辨析，从上文可知，作者交到一个玩音乐的朋友，他教了作者很多有关音乐的词汇，从下文＂melody＂（旋律）也可推断出是关于音乐的词汇。＂words＂意为＂词汇＂，＂names＂意为＂名字＂，＂jokes＂意为＂玩笑＂。22. C【解析】考查上下文语境与动词辨析，从上文可知，作者从他朋友那里学到了中文词汇，他也从作者学到了英文词汇，所以是一种语言文化的交流。＂exchange＂意为＂交换，交流＂；＂change＂意为＂改变＂，＂imagine＂意为＂想象＂。23. A【解析】考査上下文语境与动词词组词义辨析，句意为我学到了许多中文来解决问题，比如订火车票。＂dealwith＂意为＂处理＂，＂lookfor＂意为＂寻找＂，＂thinkof＂意为＂思考，想起，认为＂。24. B【解析】考査上下文语境与动词词义辨析，从上文得知，通过作者的经历，作者逐渐意识到中文这门语言的魅力，故用realize。25. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析，根据文意,我们学习一门语言最好的方式就是与本地人交朋友并多和他们接触。（二）【2019•黑龙江省哈尔滨市】Thesummervacationiscoming.Duringthevacation,youcandowhatyoulikeandprepareyourselfforthefuture.You’llenjoythisperiodoftimetothefullestwiththehelpofthefollowing__21__.Takeexercise.Afterworkinghardformonths,youmustbebored.Takingexerciseisthebestwaytoget__22__again.Swimmingandwalkingareperfectchoicesforyou.Allkindsofexercise__23__yourhealth.Mastersomebasiclifeskills.Youwilllivean__24__lifeoneday.Therefore,youshouldlearnsomenecessaryandusefulskillssuchaswashingclothesandcooking.Atthesametime,youcanhelpyourparents__25__houseworktoexpressyourthankstothem.Go

travelling.

The

world

is

a

book.

Those

who

don’t

travel

only

read

one

page.

Travelling

is

so__26__.

Have

you

made

yourown

travel

plan?

If

not,

do

it

__27__!During

the

trip,

you

willhave

a

chanceto

learn

more

knowledge.Whilelearningaboutdifferentcultures

andcustoms.You

will

also

make

a

lotof

friend.Enjoy

time

with

family

members.

Family

members

play

an

important

role

in

your

life.

They

giveyou

love,care

and

support

all

the

time.

Don’t

__28__

to

sparesome

time

to

get

together

with

them.

You

willfind__29__

great

to

stay

with

them,talking

aboutdreams,

hobbies

or

anything

you

like.__30__

you

follow

what

is

mentioned

above,

you

will

have

a

wonderfulvacation.21.

A.suggestions B.

classes C.teams 22.

A.danger B.money C.

energy23.A.

are

good

at B.

are

good

for C.

are

good

with24.A.

asleep B.

impolite C.

independent25.

A.

for B.

with C.

to26.

A.terrible B.

useless C.

interesting27.

A.

so

far B.

at

once C.

no

longer28.

A.

forget B.

to

forget C

forgetting29.

A.

it B.one C.

that30.

A.

Though B.

Even

if C.

As

long

as21.A【解析】结合上下文可推知，此处指＂在下面建议的帮助下，你可以把这段时间享受到极致＂。suggestion意为＂建议＂，是可数名词，class意为＂班级＂，team意为＂团队＂。22.C【解析】结合语境可知，此处指锻炼是获得能量的最好的方式。danger意为＂危险＂，money意为＂金钱＂，energy意为＂能量＂.23.B【解析】结合上文可推知，此处指锻炼对你的健康有好处。begoodat意为＂擅长……＂，begoodfor意为＂对……有好处＂，begoodwith意为＂善于应对……＂。24.C【解析】结合本段内容可推知，学习一些基本的生活技能，是为了有一天能够独立生活。asleep意为＂睡着的＂，impolite意为＂不礼貌的＂，independent意为＂独立的＂。25.B【解析】短语helpsb.withsth.意为＂在某方面帮助某人＂。26.C【解析】结合本段内容可推知，旅行是非常有趣的。terrible意为＂糟糕的＂，useless意为＂无用的＂，interesting意为＂有趣的＂。27.B【解析】此处指如果没做过，那么立刻去做。sofar意为＂到目前为止＂，atonce意为＂立刻＂，nolonger意为＂不再＂。28.A【解析】祈使句结构＂Don’t+动词原形＂意为＂不要做某事＂。29.A【解析】短语＂find+it+adj.+todosth.＂意为＂发现做某事……＂，it在其中作形式宾语，todo作真正的宾语。30.C【解析】此处指只要你遵守上面提到的（建议），你就会由一个美好的假期。though意为＂尽管＂，evenif意为＂即使＂，aslongas意为＂只要＂。（三）【2019•湖南省岳阳市】HaveyoueverbeentoThailand?ForthousandsoftouristsfromChina,thissmallcountryinSoutheastAsiaisanexcellentplaceto1.Bangkok（曼谷）isthe2ofThailand.Therearemanytemples（寺庙）inBangkok.Youcan3somemonks（僧侣）walkingalongthestreets.The4timetovisitThailandisfromApril13thto15th，becauseitisthetimeof5.Peoplesing,danceandgoonthestreetsto6waterateachother.Thelocalpeoplethinkthatwatercanwashawaybadthingsandbringgoodluck.Ontheonehand,beachesandsunshinearealotoftravelers’choices.Inthiscountry,therearemanyhotelsfacingthesea,soyoucanhavefunonthebeachor7inthesea.Ontheotherhand,Thailandisagoodplacetotry8food.Youcaneatseafoodatanyrestaurantorbuysometropical（热带的）fruitsuchasmangoesanddurians（榴莲）at9prices.IfyougotoThailand,youwon’tforgetto10anelephant.TheelephantisasymbolofThailand.It’sbelievedthatThailandisoneofthemostfascinatingtravelplaces.1.A.takeaholiday B.takethebus C.takerisks2.A.world B.countryside C.capital3.A.hear B.see C.listen4.A.most B.worst C.best5.A.theWaterFestival B.Christmas C.Thanksgiving6.A.look B.throw C.arrive7.A.swim B.walk C.lose8.A.terrible B.sour C.delicious9.A.cheap B.expensive C.low10.A.hit B.ride C.drive1.A【解析】考查动词短语.句意：这个东南亚小国是度假的好地方.takeaholiday度假；takethebus坐公交；takerisks冒险.根据ForthousandsoftouristsfromChina，成千上万的来此中国游客，可知是来度假.故选：A。2.C【解析】考查名词.句意：曼谷是泰国的首都.world世界；countryside乡下；capital首都.根据常识可知曼谷是泰国的首都.故选：C。3.B【解析】考查动词.句意：你可以看到一些僧侣在大街上走.hear听到；see看；listen听.根据walkingalongthestreets.在大街上散步应该是看见，故选：B。4.C【解析】考查形容词.句意：去泰国旅行的最佳时间是4月13日至15日，因为这是一年的泼水节.most最多；worst最糟；best最好的.根据tovisitThailandisfromApril13thto15th，可知4月13日至15日是泰国的泼水节，因此应该是去泰国最好的时候，故选：C。5.A【解析】考查名词.句意：去泰国旅行的最佳时间是四月13日至15日，因为这是一年的泼水节.theWaterFestival泼水节；Christmas圣诞节；Thanksgiving感恩节.根据Thelocalpeoplethinkthatwatercanwashawaybadthingsandbringgoodluck.当地人认为可以冲走霉运，带来好运.与水有关的节日应该是泼水节.故选：A。6.B【解析】考查动词.句意：人们走在街上，唱歌，跳舞相互泼水.look看；throw抛，扔；arrive到达.根据上文itisthetimeoftheWaterFestival.这是一年的泼水节，可知人们相互泼水.故选：B。7.A【解析】考查动词.句意：在这个国家，有许多面朝大海的宾馆，你可以在海滩玩，也可以在海里游泳.swim游泳；walk走；lose失去.根据inthesea在海里，可知是游泳.故选：A。8.C【解析】考查形容词.句意：另一方面，泰国还是一个品尝美食的地方.terrible糟糕的；sour酸的；delicious可口的.根据try品尝可知品尝的当然是美食了.故选：C。9.C【解析】考查形容词.句意：你可以以较低的价格在任何饭店吃到海鲜或买芒果，榴莲之类的热带水果.cheap便宜的；expensive昂贵的；low低的.根据prices可知，price的修饰语只能是low或high.athighprice以低价.故选：C。10.B【解析】考查动词.句意：如果你到泰国去，不要忘了骑大象.hit击打；ride骑；drive驾驶.根据anelephant可知，是骑大象.故选：B。（四）【2019•四川省凉山州】Canyouimaginethatwecouldbuildabeautifulcitywithrubbish?Maybeyouwillthinkitis48.However,itcanbetrue!Nothingisawasteifwehaveacreativemind.Letmeshowyousomethingabout49rubbish.Sometimeswecanseetonsofrubbishinthestreets,ontheroads,nearthebuildings...hereandthere.Manylargecitiesbecamesougly50it.Nobodylikesrubbish,butinfact,somerubbishcanbeusedagain.Allofuswanttosolvetheproblem,wemustdosomethingto51rubbish.Weshouldtakeactionfromnowon.52,somegoodthingswillnotbewasted.Doyouoftenthrowawaythingsyoudon’tneedanymore?Haveyoueverthoughtabouthowthesethingscanactuallybeputtogooduse?ForExample,whenacargetstooold,itmaynotrunanymore.Butwecanusethemetalofthecartomakesomethingelse.Whenabottleisempty,it53aswaste.Youdon’tknowbottleglasscanbemadeintosandandusedtobuildstreets.Rubbish54foodcanbechangedintofertilizertomakeplantsgrowbetter.Itischeapandsafe.Andotherrubbishcanalsobeusedtomakebuildingblocks.Now,55machinesaredesignedforthat.56,peoplewillwatchfilmsinabeautifulcinemawhichisbuiltoutofrubbish.Besidesbuildingsandroads,citiesmaybemadefromrubbish.Butsofar,buildingbeautifulcitiesmadefromrubbishisonly57.48.A.important B.understanding C.unbelievable D.possible49.A.returningB.reusing C.reflecting D.repeating50.A.becauseB.becauseofC.insteadof D.asfor51.A.makealivingas B.makepromisestoC.makeupourmindto D.makeuseof52.A.Ontheway B.Bytheway C.Inthisway D.Outoftheway53.A.willbethrownaway B.willthrowawayC.threwaway D.wasthrownaway54.A.from B.in C.on D.to55.A.fewerandfewer B.lessandless C.moreandmore D.moreandless56.A.Someday B.Theotherday C.Nowadays D.Intheday57.A.asymbol B.aletter C.alesson D.adream【文章大意】这是一篇议论文的完形填空，主要介绍了用垃圾建造城市的梦想，垃圾让城市变得丑陋，但是有一些垃圾是可以被回收利用的，现在很多垃圾被用于制造别的东西，未来垃圾可能被用于建造美丽的城市。48.C【解析】考查形容词，important重要的，

understanding善解人意的，unbelievable难以置信的，possible可能的，结合上文，Can

you

imagine

that

we

could

build

a

beautiful

city

with

rubbish？

你能想象我们可以用垃圾建一个美丽的城市吗？判断本句句意为也许你会觉得这难以置信.故选C。49.B【解析】考查动名词，returning归还，reusing再利用，

reflecting反映，repeating重复，

联系上文Nothing

is

a

waste

if

we

have

a

creative

mind.如果我们有一个创造性的主意没什么会浪费.因此判断本句句意为让我告诉你们有关垃圾再利用的事.故选B。50.B【解析】考查连词，because因为，后跟一个表示原因的句子，

because

of因为，后跟名词、代词或动名词，instead

of代替，as

for作为，根据上文，Sometimes

we

can

see

tons

of

rubbish

in

the

streets，

on

the

roads，

near

the

buildings…here

andthere.

有时我们在街道上、道路上、建筑附近--到处都能看到大量的垃圾.故判断本句句意为许多大城市因它而变得丑陋.故选B。51.D【解析】考查动词短语，make

a

living

as作为……谋生，make

promises

to承诺，make

up

our

mind

to下决心，makeuseof利用，根据上文butin

fact，

some

rubbishcan

be

used

again.

但是事实上，一些垃圾可以再次使用，因此判断本句句意为我们想解决这个问题，我们必须做一些事使用垃圾.故选D。52.C【解析】考查介词短语，On

the

way在路上，By

the

way顺便说一下，In

this

way用这种方法，Out

of

the

way人迹罕至的，结合上文，All

of

us

want

to

solve

the

problem，

we

must

do

something

tomakeuseofrubbish.我们想解决这个问题，我们必须做一些事使用垃圾.上文提到的是使用垃圾，故此判断用这种方法一些好的东西才不会被浪费.故选C。53.A【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，when引导的时间状语从句，从句中谓语动词为is，判断时态为一般现在时，从句用一般将来时，it代指

a

bottle，是动作的承受者，故此选用被动语态，即谓语动词为willbedone的形式.故选A。54.A【解析】考查介词，from来自，in在……里面，on在……上面，to到，根据句意，来自食物的垃圾可以变为肥料使得植物更好地生长.故选A。55.C【解析】考查形容词比较级，比较级and比较级表示越来越……的，

fewer

and

fewer越来越少的，修饰可数名词复数，

less

and

less越来越少的，修饰不可数名词，more

and

more越来越多的，more

and

less没有这种说法.machines为可数名词复数，结合上文，And

otherrubbish

can

also

be

used

to

make

building

blocks.其他的垃圾可以被用于制作积木.故判断本句句意为现在越来越多的机器被设计出来制造积木.故选C。56.A【解析】考查时间副词，Some

day有朝一日，用于一般将来时，The

other

day几天前，Nowadays现在，In

the

day在白天，结合语境，有朝一日人们会在用垃圾建造的美丽的电影院看电影.故选A。57.D【解析】考查名词，a

symbol一个象征，

a

letter一封信，a

lesson一个教训，adream一个梦想，结合上文Besidesbuildings

and

roads，

cities

may

be

made

from

rubbish.除了建筑和道路之外，城市可能由垃圾制成，本句中but表示转折，判断句意为但是迄今为止，用垃圾建造美丽城市还只是一个梦想.故选D。（五）【2019•四川省成都市】Asapoliceartist,JoeBrowndrawspicturesofsuspects(嫌疑犯)whenpeopletellhimaboutthe___16___ofeachsuspect.Then,thepoliceputthepicturesinnewspapersandontelevisiontohelp___17___thesuspects.Hisjobisinterestingbutnot___18___,becausedifferentpeopledescribethesamepersondifferentlyandsometimesmanypeopledon’thavegood___19___,especiallytheold.＂Thesuspectisofmediumheightandyoung.Hehaslongstraightbrownhairandbigeye,＂anoldwomansays.Anotherwomansays,＂He’stallandthinwithblondehair.He’saboutthirtyyearsold.＂Intheend,thereal___20___isashortheavymanandhehasshortbrownhair.16.A.act B.personality C.appearance17.A.remember B.find C.describe18.A.easy B.exciting C.useful19.A.expressions B.methods C.memories20.A.artist B.criminal C.policeman【文章大意】本文通过不同的人，特别是老年人对嫌疑犯的不同描述，说明了警察艺术家对嫌犯做的画像在帮助寻找嫌疑人中具有重要作用。16.C【解析】句意：当人们告诉他每个嫌疑犯的外貌时，乔•布朗会画出嫌疑犯的画像。考查名词辨析。A.行为；B.个性；C.外貌。根据下文Then,thepoliceputthepicturesinnewspapersandontelevision可知乔•布朗会画像，appearance符合句意，故选C。17.B【解析】句意：然后，警察把照片放在报纸和电视上，帮助寻找嫌疑人。考查动词辨析。A.记得；B.寻找；C.描述。help帮助；本句不定式表目的，根据句意语境，可知把照片放在报纸和电视上的目的是帮助寻找嫌疑人，故选B。18.A【解析】句意：他的工作很有趣，但并不容易。考查形容词辨析。A.容易的；B.令人兴奋的；C.有用的。but表转折，根据下文的原因becausedifferentpeopledescribethesamepersondifferentlyandsometimesmanypeopledon’thavegoodmemories,especiallytheold.可知他的工作并不容易，故选A。19.C【解析】句意：有时很多人没有很好的记忆力，尤其是老年人。考查名词辨析。A.表达；B.方法；C.记忆力。根据下文两人不同的描述，结合最后therealcriminalisashortheavymanandhehasshortbrownhair.可知，她们的记忆力不好，故选C。20.B【解析】句意：最终，真正的罪犯是一个矮胖的男人，他有一头棕色的短发。考查名词辨析。A.艺术家；B.罪犯；C.男警察。上文是对嫌疑犯的不同描述，根据句意语境，可知AC两项不合句意，故选B。【点睛】完形填空。完形填空集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体，考查语言的综合运用能力，是难度最大的题目。解题的方法要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景；再读全文，搞清短文内容；最后根据句意，联系上下文确定每个空的正确答案。它的主要题型有（1）考查词义辨析：名词辨析，形容词副词辨析，冠词辨析，介词连词辨析等；（2）考查句子时态，语态，要根据语境，选择正确的时态和语态的选项；（3）考查从句（宾语从句，定语从句，主语从句等）；（4）根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。本题主要考查单词或短语辨析，做此类型题时，要知道每一个词的意义，然后结合上下文背景语境，选择适合语境的选项。（六）【2019•江苏省连云港市】Azero-wastelifeisalifestylethathardlycreatesanyrubbish.Soazero-wastethemestoreisabout___16___peoplewithanumberofeveryday,practicalandpleasantzero-wasteproductstohelpthemstartonaone-stop,zero-wastelifejourney."Zerowaste"or"danshari"wasfirst___17___byaFrenchwomanBeaJohnson."Livealifeandtrynottocreateanyrubbish;usedifferentmethodstoprotecttheearth."shesaid.YuYuan,27,is___18___attractedbythisidea.SheandherboyfriendhavelivedinBeijingformanyyears.Andearliersheusedtobeacustomerwithoutthinkingalot___19___shesawavideoabout"zerowaste"The___20___isaboutafamilyoffour,andtherubbishtheyproduceeveryyearisplacedinajar.Afterwatchingthevideo,Yuwantedto___21___thiszero-wastelifestylewithherboyfriend.Yusaysthatazero-wastelife___22___the6Rprinciple--Refuse,Reduce,Reuse,Repair,RecycleandRot(腐烂）OverAugust-OctoberwhenYufollowedtheprincipleofzerowaste6R,sheandherboyfriendJoeHarveyboth___23___onlytwocansofrubbish.Now,thecouplehaveopenedasmall___24___calledTheBulkHouseinNanluoguxiang,Beijing,tosupportazero-wastelife.Atthestoretheyuseenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts.Forexample,theyusewoodproductstoreplace____25____onesandprepareclothbagsprintedwithzero-wastelogosforcustomers.Mostoftheproductssoldinthestorecanbereused,andasmallnumberof____26____whicharenotrecyclablecandegrade（分解）.Thestore____27____hassecondhandbooksandaudio-visualCD/DVDs.Forusedtoiletries(thingslikesoapandtoothpastethatareusedforcleaningyourself)thereisacompanywhichacceptsthem,andthecoupleregularlymailstheirwastetoit.Yusaysthatthosewhowereoncenot____28____inthezero-wastelifestylehavegraduallychangedbecauseofcuriosity.Thezero-wastelifestyle,sheadds,isforeveryone."It’s____29____usatourfingertips."Yuexpectssomeofherfriendsto____30____herontheroadtozerowaste.Asthesayinggoes,manyhandsmakelightwork.16.A.offering B.providing C.giving D.affording17.A.invented B.found C.discovered D.suggested18.A.hardly B.luckily C.clearly D.deeply19.A.unless B.until C.after D.when20.A.video B.film C.article D.newspaper21.A.experience B.change C.represent D.spend22.A.accepts B.receives C.follows D.believes23.A.saved B.produced C.kept D.wasted24.A.shop B.factory C.hotel D.company25.A.paper B.cloth C.silk D.plastic26.A.it B.them C.their D.its27.A.too B.either C.also D.only28.A.proud B.worried C.amazed D.interested29.A.behind B.around C.ahead D.above30.A.organize B.record C.join D.encourage【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述如今出现了＂零废物＂这样的活动，一个叫余元的人也加入了这个活动，并讲述了她为这个活动所做的事情。最后余元希望更多的朋友加入这个活动。16.B【解析】句意＂所以零废物主题商店是关于给人们提供大量每日的、实用的、舒适的零浪费产品来帮助他们开始＂一站式＂零浪费生活旅程。本题考查动词辨析。A.提供，用offersbsth结构；B.提供，用providesbwithsth结构；C.给，用givesbsth结构；D.支付得起。根据句意可知，译为提供，且根据空后peoplewith...可知，故选B。17.D【解析】句意＂零废物首先被一个法国妇女贝亚约翰逊提议的＂。本题考查动词辨析。A.发明；B.寻找；C.发现；D.建议，提议。根据"Livealifeandtrynottocreateanyrubbish;usedifferentmethodstoprotecttheearth."shesaid可知，这个提议是她提出来的，故选D。18.D【解析】句意＂余元，27岁，深深地被这个主意吸引了＂。本题考查副词辨析。A.几乎不；B.幸运地；C.清晰地；D.深深地。根据下文可知，余元开始过＂零废物的生活＂，所以她被深深地吸引了，故选D。19.B【解析】句意＂在早期，他过去是一个不会想太多的顾客，直到她看到了一个关于＂零废物＂的视频＂。本题考查连词辨析。A.除非（引导条件状语