高中英语单词天天记rough素材

PAGEPAGE1·rough·v.

[rʌf](roughs;roughed;roughing)·

·双说明义·vt.

使粗糙

makeuntidyoruneven·vt.

过简陋的生活

livewithouttheusualcomfortsandconveniencesoflife·基本要点

1.rough的基本意思是“使粗糙”,多指使质料不精细或使之不光滑。引申可表示“过简陋的生活”。2.rough通常只用作及物动词,接名词、代词作宾语。·词汇搭配

～+名词roughone'shair

弄乱头发～+副词roughcuriously

新奇地过简陋的生活roughdreadfully

非比寻常地过简陋的生活roughextremely

极端地过简陋的生活roughpleasantly

开心地过简陋的生活roughstiffly

极度地过简陋的生活roughuncomfortably

不自由地过简陋的生活roughuncommonly

不平凡地过简陋的生活roughin

画…的轮廓roughout

作出,写出·常用短语

roughin(v.+adv.)画…的轮廓putinafewpracticelinesinadrawing▲roughsth⇔inI'lljustroughintheshapeoftheheadandyoucanpainttheskyroundit.我先把头像的轮廓画出来,你再给四周的天空涂色。roughout(v.+adv.)作出,写出makeafirstplanofadrawingorpieceofwriting▲roughsth⇔outI'lljustroughoutthewholepictureandyoucandothedetails.这幅画让我先大致画出整个布局,你再加上细微环节。·句型例句

用作及物动词▲S+～+n./pron.Don'troughmyhair.别弄乱我的头发。Theexplorershadtoroughitwhentheygotintothejungle.那些探险家进入丛林后,不得不过着艰苦的生活。Livinginatentisnotforme,Idon'tlikeroughingit.住在帐篷里不合适,我不喜爱过艰苦的生活。

用于be～ed结构Satinisveryeasilyroughed.缎子很简单起毛。·补充资料

［派生词］roughly

adv.粗略地；大体上；大致上;粗暴地；粗鲁地;粗略地；粗乱地；随意地

［同义词］

adj.

coarse,rigorous,irregular,violent,uneven,unsmooth

v.

calm,upset［反义词］

adj.

smooth,refined［词源］

＜拉丁语ruga(皱纹)··rough·adj.

[rʌf](rougher;roughest)·

·双说明义·

粗糙的

havinganunevensurface;notsmooth·

粗野的,粗暴的

showingalackofgentleness,goodmanners,orconsiderationetc.·

混乱的,暴乱的,热闹的

notgentleortuneful·

艰难的,不开心的

unfortunateandunfair;unwell·

粗略的,大致的

doneormadewithoutattentiontodｅtailorexactness;approximate·

未加工的,粗制的

notdelicateorcomfortable;simple·

狂暴的,汹涌的

stormyandviolent;notcalm·基本要点

1.rough指表面看起来或摸上去不平整的东西,用于产品时则表示未经打磨的,还可引申为“(言行)粗野的”“(质量)粗劣的”“(作品)未经润色的”“(境况)艰难的”等意思。2.rough可用very修饰。·词汇搭配

～+名词roughroad

坎坷的道路roughsea

狂暴的大海roughtime

辛酸时期roughweather

恶劣的天气～+介词roughon

对…粗暴的·常用短语

givetheroughsideofone'stongue对某人说出不客气的话showalackofgentleness,goodmannerstosb

▲givesbtheroughsideofone'stongueIhadtogivehimtheroughsideofmytonguetoshowmyindignation.我不得不狠狠地骂他一顿来出这口气。·句型例句

用作定语▲～+n.

Thecathadaroughtongue.猫的舌头表面很粗糙。Theyknockedtogetheraroughboxwithwoodenboards.他们用木板草草地做成了一个粗糙的箱子。Hetooksomenailsandbitsofwood,andbuiltthemintoaroughcupboard.他拿了钉子和木头,做了一个粗糙的食品橱。Inthedarkourjeepbumpedalongtheroughmountainroad.黑夜里我们的吉普车在坎坷的山路上颠簸。ThePoet'sroughlifecontrastswithhissensitivepoetry.这个诗人的豪放生活与他缠绵悱恻的诗篇形成显明的比照。Wehadratheraroughtime.我们经验了一段艰苦的日子。Itisaroughidea.那仅仅是个初步的想法。It'sjustaroughdrawing.这只是一张草图。Itwasaroughbutplentifuldinnerwitharoughcountrywine.这尽管是一顿粗茶淡饭,但很丰富,而且还辅以乡间酿制的土酒。It'sjustaveryroughtranslation.这只是一个特别粗糙的译稿。IfyougivemetheroughdraftofyourarticleI'lllickitintoshapeforyou.假如你愿把文章的草稿给我,我会为你把它修改得像样一些的。Hefilesawaytheroughedges.他把粗毛边锉去。Hewearsaroughlinenshirtandwhiteshortpants.他穿着粗亚麻布衬衣和白色短裤。Asthejewelwasintheroughstate,hehadnoideawhatsizeitwouldbewhencut.这块宝石未经琢磨,他不知道加工后有多大。Theship-wreckedsailorswereabletofitaroughsheltertogetherfrombuildingmaterialsthattheyfoundontheisland.这些落难的水手在岛上找到一些建筑材料搭了一个简陋的房子。Woulditbewisetolaunchintothisroughsea?到这样汹涌的大海中游泳明智吗?Theshipwasbadlyknockedaboutbyaroughsea.船被巨浪颠簸得很厉害。用作表语▲S+be+～

Thispaperfeelsrough.这纸摸起来是粗糙的。IthinkJoneshastendedtogetjustalittlerough.我觉得琼斯变得有点粗鲁了。Hisreplywasabitrough.他的答复过于粗鲁了一点。Shouldtheweatherberough,wewon'tbeabletogoriding.万一是狂风暴雨的天气,我们就不能去骑马。Thewaterwasroughand,despiteourlowspeed,weweredrenchedbyspray.水上风浪很大,尽管我们的航速不快,飞溅的浪花仍湿透了我们的全身。Thetripwasrough.这次旅行很艰苦。Thingsareroughallover.状况特别困难。▲S+be+～+prep.-phrase

Sheisroughinspeech.她说话粗鲁。Heisroughinmanner.他的举止不文静。It'sratherroughonhim,havingtoworkwhenotherpeopleareonholiday.其他人度假时他得工作,他真倒霉。You'vebeenprettyroughonthechildren.你对孩子的看法太粗暴了。Don'tbesoroughwiththechild.对小孩不要这样粗暴。Herhandsareroughwithhardwork.她的手因干粗活而变得很粗糙。▲S+be+～+to-v

Thispaperistooroughtowriteon.这种纸太粗糙,不能写字。·词语辨异

rough,coarse,harsh,rude这组词的共同意思是“粗鲁的”“粗糙的”。其区分在于：1.rough强调言行是粗鲁的。例如:Manyaroughmanhasbeencivilizedbyhiswife.很多粗野的男人都被妻子教好了。Don'tbesoroughwiththechild.不要对小孩这样粗暴。Hismannersareveryrough.他的举止特别无礼。2.rude强调其源于教化差、文化低。例如:It'srudetopeep.偷看别人是不礼貌的。Hewasseverelyreproachedforhisrudebehaviour.他因行为粗鲁而受到严厉指责。AllofuswereastonishedthatMr.Whitewassorudetohim.怀特先生对他如此无礼,使我们都感到惊异。3.coarse则强调由于粗鲁而引起的厌恶心理。例如:Heiscoarseinmanner.他举止粗鲁。It'sacoarsejoke.这是个粗俗的玩笑。Sheusedtobecoarseofspeech.她过去说话很粗鲁。4.harsh侧重于指给人以感官上的粗糙、不和谐的感觉。例如:Thecolourisveryharsh.那颜色很刺眼。Theclothisharshtothetouch.这块布料摸上去很粗糙。Thenoiseisharshtotheear.那噪声很刺耳。Thesurfaceofthetableisveryharsh.那张桌子的表面特别粗糙。·正误会析

他们用那种粗暴无礼的看法顶撞我,我可受不了。［误］

Iwon'thavethemanswermebackinthatroughmanner.［正］

Iwon'thavethemanswermebackinthatrudemanner.裁判员警告运动员们不要粗鲁。［误］

Therefereewarnedtheplayersnottobesorude.［正］

Therefereewarnedtheplayersnottobesorough.［析］

rough强调粗鲁的言行不够文静;而rude强调其源于教化差、文化低。··rough·adv.

[rʌf](rougher;roughest)·

·双说明义·

简陋地

inuncomfortablecondition·

粗暴地

usingforce·

大致地

notinagentleway·基本要点

1.rough用作副词时意思是“简陋地”,引申可指“粗暴地”“大致地”。2.rough在句中主要用作状语。

·常用短语

playrough粗暴地做dosthinthewaythatisnotinagentleway;dosthinthewaythatusedforceShouldtheydecidetoplayrough,wecouldtakeasavageturn.万一他们进行粗暴干预的话,那么我们可能会实行不客气的行动。·句型例句

用作状语Icanliveroughforabitinthecountryside.在农村我的生活可随意一些。Don't