国际市场营销学 （原书第18版）测试题 Chapter 11 The Asia Pacific Region

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Chapter11TheAsiaPacificRegion

1)Theterm"TheGreaterChina"referstotheinformationtechnology(IT)corridorinnorthChina.

2)Intheyear2009,Germanybecametheworld'sbiggestexporteraheadofChina.

3)ThePNTRstatusgiventoChinacontributedmuchtowardincreasingtheimportbarriersonAmericanproductsandservices.

4)InviewofChina'ssize,diversity,andpoliticalorganization,itisnotpossibletohaveone-growthstrategyforChina.

5)AmajorissuethatChinahastoaddressinitspathtoeconomicgrowthisimprovinghumanrights.

6)Chinaisnowthebiggestmarketforpersonalcomputers.

7)China's"onecountry,twosystems"agreementwithHongKongguaranteesthelatterahighdegreeofautonomy.

8)TheHongKongdollarisfreelyconvertible.

9)TheHongKongSARgovernmentstressesthepredominantroleofthepublicsectorovertheprivatesector.

10)ThesectorthatwashitthehardestduringtheJapaneserecessionwastherealestatesector.

11)Accordingtoanalysts,Japan'slongentrenchedLiberalDemocraticpoliticalpartywasoneofthereasonsfortheJapanesecrisis.

12)OneofJapan'scoreadvantagesoverothercountriesisitslanguage;thesyntaxoftheJapaneselanguageissimilartothatofcertainprogramminglanguages.

13)TheJapanesehaveanaffinityforunitedeffort.

14)Owingtothedeeplycorruptsystem,mostoftheU.S.manufacturersinIndiaareleavingforothercountriesorpullingtheirmoneybackhome.

15)TheFourAsianTigersare:China,Thailand,India,andNorthKorea.

16)TheUnitedStateshasgrantedNTR(normaltraderelations)statustoVietnam.

17)Bottom-of-the-pyramidmarkets(BOPMs)arealwaysdefinedbynationalborders.

18)Inrecentyears,theUnitedStateshasemergedasJapan'ssinglelargesttradingpartner,surpassingtheSoutheastAsiancountries.

19)TheAsianfinancialcrisisledtothecreationoftheASEAN+3.

20)APECisabodyformedbythemajorgovernmentsoftheAsiancountrieswiththeprimarypurposeofprotectingtheirlocalindustriesagainstthemarketdominationbytheirwesterncounterparts.

21)NortheastChinawastheindustrialandtechnologicalcenterofthecountryinthe1970sand1980s.

22)TheUnitedStatesisnowJapan'smostimportanttradingpartner,evenaheadofChina.

23)LiaoningandJilinprovincesofChinashareborderswithNorthKorea,andbothprovinceshavesubstantialnumbersofKoreanminorities.

24)China'slongestborderiswithRussia.

25)TianjinisChina'slargestindustrialcity.

26)HongKongwasdesignatedasChina'sfirstSpecialEconomicZone.

27)Atpresent,lowvalue-addedmanufacturingintextilesandheavyequipmentmanufacturingindustriesaccountforthevastmajorityofShanghai'sindustrialemployment.

28)TheChinesecentralgovernmentspendsalmost50percentofitsbudgetfortheruralpoorwhoamounttoalmostthree-fourthsoftheChinesepopulation.

29)HumilityandindirectionaremoreemphasizedinnorthernthaninsouthernChina.

30)Astheywereclosesttoforeigninfluences,negotiatorsinTaiwanareconsideredtobethemostliberal.

31)WhatisthetermusedtorefertoboththePeople'sRepublicofChina(PRC)andtheRepublicofChina(ROC)orTaiwan?

A)IntegratedChina

B)YellowRoute

C)NeoChina

D)MainlandChina

E)GreaterChina

32)WhathascontributedtothedecreaseinthehistoricaltensionamongcountriesinEastAsia?

A)ROCacquiringtheUNmembership

B)riseofcommunism

C)increaseindirecttrade

D)Americanmilitaryinvolvementinpeacekeeping

E)ASEANmandatesoverrulingformerhostilitiesbetweenmembernations

33)AsidefromtheUnitedStates,________isthemostimportantsinglenationalmarket.

A)UnitedArabEmirates

B)UnionofSovietSocialistRepublics

C)People'sRepublicofChina

D)DominicanRepublic

E)FrenchSouthernTerritories

34)China'sastonishinggrowthratehasbeguntoslowrecently;however,mostanalystsseefastgrowthcontinuingforChina.Allofthisgrowthisprimarilydependent,inpart,onChina's

A)abilitytoderegulateindustry.

B)preventionoftheprivatizationofitsstate-ownedenterprises.

C)preparednesstoresistthecapitalistwave.

D)abilitytoputembargoesonforeigninvestment.

E)abilitytoupholditstraditionallegalsystem.

35)Twomajoreventsthatoccurredin2000hadaprofoundeffectonChina'seconomy.OneoftheseistheUnitedStatesgrantingnormaltraderelations(NTR)toChinaonapermanentbasis(PNTR).Whatistheotherone?

A)inclusionofstateownedcompaniesinNASDAQ

B)admissiontotheWorldTradeOrganization

C)signingofthenewASEANpact

D)thehandoverofHongKongbytheBritishtoChina

E)inclusionofHongKongasaspecialadministrativeregion(SAR)ofChina

36)ThetwomostimportantstepsChinamusttaketoensuresmootheconomicgrowthareto

A)decreaseexportbarriersandpromoteindigenoustechnology.

B)strengthentheholdofitscommunistpartyandpromoteinnovativethinking.

C)investinmoredevelopingcountriesandchangeitseducationsystem.

D)acquiremembershipinmoreregionaltradeblocsandincreaseembargoes.

E)improvehumanrightsandreformthelegalsystem.

37)Oneofthereasonsthereisnoone-growthstrategyforChinais

A)theregionshavenolinktothecentralgovernment.

B)eachregioninChinaisatadifferentstageeconomically.

C)theinabilitytopreventtheprivatizationofitsstate-ownedenterprises.

D)eachregionwithinChinaiscompletelyisolatedfromotherregions.

E)thecompleteabsenceofautonomyinthevariousregionsofChina.

38)IBMenteredintoaventurewiththeChineseRailwaysMinistrythatallowedIBMtosetupanationalnetworkofIBMservicecentersinrailwaystationssothatIBMcouldshipcomputerpartsviatherailroadaroundthecountrywithin24hours.Thisventurewasdubbedthe

A)BlueConnect.

B)ChinaExpress.

C)ChinaBlue.

D)BlueExpress.

E)ChinaConnect.

39)WhatisaculturalhurdleinthepathofChinabecomingavastmarketinthelongrun?

A)castesystem

B)xenophobia

C)excessivefocusonhumanrights

D)excessivebureaucracy

E)excessivespending

40)WhatisthebiggestthreattothefastgrowthChinaisexperiencing?

A)increasedopeningofthemarkettoforeigninvestments

B)tradeisolationbyotherASEANcountries

C)losingthepermanentnormaltraderelations(PNTR)status

D)reformationofthetraditionallegalsystem

E)economicvolatility

41)SinceitsturnovertothePeople'sRepublicofChina,HongKong

A)haslostitsautonomy.

B)negotiatesbilateralagreementsandmakesmajoreconomicdecisionsonitsown.

C)operateswithnojurisdictionfromthecentralgovernmentinBeijingovermattersrelatedtoforeignaffairsanddefenseofHongKong.

D)hasceasedtobefreelyconvertibleafteritsturnovertothePeople'sRepublicofChina.

E)openlyopposeseconomicpoliciesthatstressthepredominantroleoftheprivatesector.

42)WhattenetdoesChinafollowtoensurethatHongKong'sexuberantcapitalismisretaineddespitethecommunistleaningsofmainlandChina?

A)absoluteplutocracy

B)sovereigntyoftheprovinces

C)theocracy

D)noninterventionistapproach

E)onecountry,twosystems

43)Whataccuratelyrepresentsthe"threedirectlinks"leadingtotheestablishmentofOneChina?

A)transportation,trade,andcommunications

B)culture,language,andreligion

C)history,language,andtransportation

D)federalbodies,education,andtrade

E)technology,naturalresources,andpeople

44)WhatisoneofthereasonsbehindtheeconomicstagnationinJapaninthe1990s?

A)thecastesystem

B)ineptpoliticalapparatus

C)aggressiveinternalcompetition

D)theocraticrule

E)lackofnaturalresources

45)PoliticalexplanationsofJapan'scrisisduringthe1990sidentifiedtwocauses.Oneofthemwasthecountry'slongentrenchedLiberalDemocraticpoliticalparty.Whatistheotherone?

A)Japan'stradepolicieswiththeUnitedStates

B)Japan'srefusaltojoinAsiantradeblocs

C)thepowerfulinfluenceoftheroyaltyinpoliticalissues

D)thehideboundJapanesebureaucracy

E)thesplinteringofJapan'sright-wingpoliticalparties

46)Inthe1970s,FrankGibneycalledJapan"TheFragileSuperpower,"whichwasconfirmedwiththeeconomiccrisisofthe1990s.Inhisnewappraisal,GibneywritesthatJapanhasbecomethevictimof

A)socialloafing.

B)compensatingerrors.

C)beingpenny-wiseandpound-foolish.

D)herdbehavior.

E)one-partysickness.

47)WhatwasJapan'sgreatesthindrancetothedevelopmentofsoftwareinnovationsappropriateforworldmarkets?

A)deeplyrootedbureaucraticstructure

B)riseinglobaloilprices

C)complexlanguage

D)growingfiscaldeficit

E)burgeoningpopulation

48)WhattheoryexplainsJapan'srecoveryfromWWIIasaresultofthenationadoptingaconsensusgoalfornationalrecovery?

A)theCulturalCausationtheory

B)thePowerShifttheory

C)theThirdWaytheory

D)theHybriditytheory

E)theCulturalCapitaltheory

49)AsurveyofU.S.manufacturersshowsthat95percentofrespondentswithIndianoperationsplanonexpanding,andnonesaytheyareleaving,inspiteofwidespreadcorruptioninthecountry.Whatisprimarilybehindthisnewtrend?

A)India'sgovernmentmachineryisoneofthemostefficientintheworld.

B)LivingstandardsforexpatriatesinIndiaarecomparabletotheworld'sbest.

C)Indiaofferscheapqualifiedlaborandamassivemarket.

D)India'sproximitytoChinamakessourcingofpartseasier.

E)ThereisalackofcompetitivenessamonglocalfirmsinIndia.

50)WhichnationisoneoftheFourAsianTigers?

A)India

B)Thailand

C)SouthKorea

D)Malaysia

E)SriLanka

51)WhichAsiancountrywasthefirsttomovefromastatusofdevelopingcountrytoanewlyindustrializedcountry?

A)Japan

B)HongKong

C)SouthKorea

D)Singapore

E)Taiwan

52)ThemostrapidlygrowingeconomiesintheAsiaPacificregionduringthe1980sand1990s,HongKong,SouthKorea,Singapore,andTaiwan,aresometimesreferredtoasthe

A)FourLions.

B)FourElephants.

C)FourDragons.

D)FourHorses.

E)FourSwans.

53)WhatiscommonamongtheAsiancountriesHongKong,SouthKorea,Singapore,andTaiwan?

A)TheywereamongthefirstcountriesinAsiatomovefromastatusofdevelopingcountriestonewlyindustrializedcountries.

B)Theyhaveamiddleclassnumberingsome250million,aboutthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.

C)Theexportsinthesecountriesaregrowingatarateof50percentannually.

D)Theyhavefacedaseriousdisadvantageintheinformationageduetotheircomplexlanguages.

E)Theyallhavethecustomof"baksheesh,"adeeplyingrainedsystemofbribery.

54)WhatcountryisatpresentthecenteroftradelinkswithnorthChinaandtheAsianrepublicsoftheformerSovietUnion?

A)Japan

B)SouthKorea

C)Malaysia

D)Singapore

E)India

55)C.K.Prahaladandassociatesintroducedtheconceptofaglobalmarket,notnecessarilydefinedbynationalbordersbutratherbythepocketsofpovertyacrosscountriesandconsistingof4billionpeopleacrosstheglobewithannualincomesoflessthan$1,200.Theyrefertotheseregions,concentratedintheLDCsandLLDCs,as________markets.

A)subsistence

B)third-world

C)underdeveloped

D)bottom-of-the-pyramid

E)peripheral

56)AccordingtoC.K.Prahalad,whatmisconceptionleadsinternationalmarketstoignorethebottom-of-the-pyramidmarkets?

A)ProductsdevelopedformoreaffluentconsumersarenotappropriateforBOPMs.

B)MostBOPMsaregeographicallyisolatedandthusdifficulttoaccess.

C)ProtectivepoliciesmakeBOPMsdifficulttopenetrate.

D)ExchangeratefluctuationsmakeBOPMsveryvolatile.

E)LanguageandculturalbarriersmakeBOPMsunattractiveandsometimeshostile.

57)C.K.Prahaladandhisassociatesintroducedanewconceptintothediscussionofdevelopingcountriesandmarkets—bottom-of-the-pyramidmarkets(BOPMs)—consistingofthe4billionpeopleacrosstheglobewithannualincomesoflessthan

A)$400.

B)$1,200.

C)$2,500.

D)$3,700.

E)$4,200.

58)C.K.Prahaladhascitedtwoprimarymisconceptionsbehindtheinternationalmarketersignoringthebottom-of-the-pyramidmarkets.Oneofthereasonsisthattheproductsandservicesdevelopedformoreaffluentconsumersarenotappropriateforthesemarkets.Whichofthefollowingistheothermisconception?

A)Unwillingnessofconsumersinthebottom-of-the-pyramidmarketstobuyinternationalproducts.

B)Thelackofuniformityinbottom-of-the-pyramidmarkets.

C)Theheavytaxationsysteminbottom-of-the-pyramidmarketsallowslittleprofit.

D)Consumersinthebottom-of-the-pyramidmarketslackbothmoneyandtechnology.

E)Consumersinthebottom-of-the-pyramidmarketsarecharacterizedbyconservativetraditionsandculture.

59)Whatappearstobethebestwaytostimulateeconomicdevelopmentandgrowthfromwithindevelopingcountries?

A)imposingembargoes

B)encouraginggovernmentalregulations

C)restrictingimmigration

D)increasingtariffsonexports

E)encouragingnetworkedentrepreneurialactivities

60)GrameenBankisaprivatecommercialenterprisein________thatdevelopedaprogramtosupplyphonesto300villages.

A)Bangladesh

B)China

C)Japan

D)SriLanka

E)SouthKorea

61)WhatistrueofthestandardoflivingoftheeightmostpopulouscountriesoftheAsia/Pacificregion?

A)TheJapaneserailsystemisoneofthemostunderdevelopedintheworld.

B)InthePhilippines,mostpeopletravelbytrain.

C)Asaresultofcommunism,ChinaandVietnamplacelowemphasisonhealth.

D)TheJapanesehealthcaresystemproducesthelongestlifespansintheworld.

E)ConsumptionpatternsindicatethattheChineseplacemuchloweremphasisoneducationcomparedwithIndians.

62)ASEAN+3isaforumforASEANministersplusministersfromChina,Japan,and

A)Singapore.

B)SouthKorea.

C)Russia.

D)Australia.

E)Taiwan.

63)TheprimarymultinationaltradegroupinAsiais

A)MERCOSUR.

B)COMESA.

C)CEFTA.

D)SADC.

E)ASEAN.

64)WhathelpsaccountforthevigorouseconomicgrowthoftheASEANcountriesandtheirtransformationfromcheap-laborhavenstoindustrializednations?

A)theASEANgovernments'decisiontoshifttheireconomiesfrommanufacturingbasedtocommoditybased

B)NorthKorea'semergenceasamajorprovideroftechnologyandcapitalnecessarytoupgrademanufacturingcapability

C)abilateraltradeagreementbetweentheUnitedStatesandVietnamleadingtothegrantingofNTRstatustoVietnam

D)HongKongbecomingaspecialadministrativeregion(SAR)ofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

E)theASEANgovernments'commitmenttoderegulation,liberalization,andprivatizationoftheireconomies

65)DuringtheAsianfinancialcrisis,theleadingfinancialpowersseeminglyeitherdeclinedtotakepartintherescueoperations,astheUnitedStatesdidinThailand,orproposedunattainablesolutions.Theresultwasthecreationof

A)SADC.

B)NAFTA.

C)ASEAN+3.

D)CEFTA.

E)COMESA.

66)OnetargetofASEANVision2020isto

A)implementfullyandasrapidlyaspossibletheASEANFreeTradeArea.

B)formtheASEAN+3todealwithtradeandmonetaryissuesfacingAsia.

C)shiftAsianeconomiesfrommanufacturingbasedtocommoditybased.

D)aidJapan'semergenceasthemajorprovideroftechnologyandcapitalnecessarytodevelopnewindustries.

E)preventthefurtherprivatizationofstate-ownedindustries.

67)ThefirstmeetingofthemembersoftheASEAN+3wasdevotedtodevisingasystemwherebythemembercountriescould

A)defendtheircurrenciesagainstfutureattack.

B)improvethemultilateraltrade.

C)keepinflationincheck.

D)acquirenucleartechnology.

E)improveagriculturalproduction.

68)________isauniqueforumthathasevolvedintotheprimaryregionalvehicleforpromotingtradeliberalizationandeconomiccooperation,andincludesallthemajoreconomiesaroundthePacificRim,fromRussiatoChiletoAustralia.

A)NAFTA

B)ASEAN

C)ASEAN+3

D)SADC

E)APEC

69)WhatistrueofAPEC?

A)Russiaisnotamemberofthisgroup.

B)Itisopposedtoopentrade.

C)Itsmembersmeeteverysixmonths.

D)Itpromoteseconomiccooperation.

E)Itaimstoincreasebarrierstoinvestment.

70)Whichregionisconsideredtheinformationtechnology(IT)corridorinnorthChina?

A)Beijing–Tianjin

B)Heilongjiang

C)Liaoning

D)theJilinRiverDelta

E)Fujian

71)________containsHongKong,Macau,Guangzhou,andShenzhenandisconsideredtheworld'smanufacturingbasefortheITindustry.

A)NortheastChina

B)TheYellowRiverDelta

C)TheYangtzeRiverDelta

D)ThePearlRiverDelta

E)SouthwestChina

72)ThenationallanguageofChinaisstandard________,butmorethan56dialectsandotherlanguagesarespokenacrossthecountry.

A)Wu

B)Min

C)Cantonese

D)Xiang

E)Mandarin

73)WhatismostlikelytocausethebiggestproblemsfortelevisionandradioadvertisersinChina?

A)lowlevelsoftelevisionandradiopenetration

B)therigidtheocraticrule

C)lackofcommonlanguage

D)therigidadherencetotraditionalvalues

E)lackofinvestment

74)ThethreecontiguousprovincesinNortheastChina—________,Jilin,andHeilongjiang—havelongrepresentedacohesiveunitintermsofcultureandthepoliticaleconomy.

A)Gansu

B)Shanxi

C)Henan

D)Liaoning

E)Sichuan

75)ThemostimportantadvantageofNortheastChinathatmainlycontributedtowarditsbeingtheindustrialandtechnologicalcenterofthecountryinthe1970sand1980sis

A)itsjuxtapositionwithChina'smostimportantindustrialneighbors.

B)thelackofeconomicdiversityinthisarea.

C)theexistenceofoilfieldstheseareas.

D)thatitcontainsHongKong,Macau,Guangzhou,andShenzhen.

E)itsauthoritytoimposeembargoesupontradingpartners.

76)LiaoningprovinceofNortheastChinahastheclosesteconomictieswith

A)Japan.

B)SouthKorea.

C)Russia.

D)UnitedKingdom.

E)NorthKorea.

77)WhichprovinceofChinasharestheclosesteconomictieswithSouthKorea?

A)Liaoning

B)Jilin

C)Heilongjiang

D)Guangdong

E)Hainan

78)WhichprovinceofChinasharestheclosesteconomictieswithRussia?

A)Liaoning

B)Jilin

C)Heilongjiang

D)Guangdong

E)Hainan

79)_______isnowJapan'smostimportanttradingpartner.

A)Malaysia

B)TheUnitedStates

C)Bangladesh

D)Bahrain

E)China

80)________atthesoutherntipoftheLiaodongPeninsulainChinaisthefocusofbi-nationalrelationshipsandhasoneoftheworld'slargestandmostmodernportfacilities.

A)Dalian

B)Jilin

C)Heilongjiang

D)Guangdong

E)Hainan

81)The________regioninChinaisthepoliticalandR&DcenterofChina.The75-milecorridorinthisregionhostssome5,000Chinesehigh-techcompanies,andmorethan1,000internationalITcompanies.

A)ThecoastalDaliancity

B)ThePearlRiverDelta

C)TheYangtzeRiverDelta

D)Beijing–Tianjin

E)Fujian

82)________isknownasChina'sSiliconValley.

A)Liaoning

B)Zhongguancun

C)Jilin

D)Guangzhou

E)Heilongjiang

83)________isChina'sthirdlargestindustrialcityafterShanghaiandBeijing,andthefastestgrowingone.

A)Wuhan

B)Chengdu

C)Qingdao

D)Tianjin

E)Kaohsiung

84)WhatistrueofTianjininChina?

A)ItisChina'slargestindustrialcity.

B)ItisChina'sfastestgrowingindustrialcity.

C)IthastheclosesteconomictieswithJapan.

D)Itisreferredtoas"LittleMoscow."

E)Itharborstheworld'slargestandmostmodernportfacilities.

85)HalfofShanghai'sGDPisderivedfrom

A)financialservicesindustries.

B)steelindustries.

C)electronicproducts.

D)shippingsector.

E)softwareindustries.

86)________hasreplacedNanjingasJiangsuprovince'snumberoneeconomyandforeigntradecenter.

A)Wuhan

B)Chengdu

C)Qingdao

D)Tianjin

E)Suzhou

87)The________regioninChinaincludesthreecitiesofover5millioninhabitants(HongKong,Guangzhou,andShenzhen);fivecitieswithmorethan1millioninhabitants(Zhuhai,Huizhou,Foshan,Zhongshan,andDongguan);andanumberofcitiesthateachcontainapproximatelyhalfamillioninhabitants,suchasMacau.

A)Shanghai

B)NortheastChina

C)YangtzeRiverDelta

D)TheGreaterPearlRiverarea

E)Taiwan

88)WhatcityhasanadvantageofborderingHongKong,usingitasatradeplatformtoexpandtheglobalmarket?

A)Shanghai

B)Zhongshan

C)Taiwan

D)Beijing

E)Shenzhen

89)________,aboomtownborderingHongKongandafishingvillagejust20yearsago,hasreplacedtheprovincialcapitalGuangzhoutoleadthelocaleconomy.

A)Dongguan

B)Shenzhen

C)Huizhou

D)Foshan

E)Zhongshan

90)Whatistheprimaryreasonbehindtheinaccessibilityofmostofthe1.3billionpotentialconsumersinChina?

A)Mostofthemhavelittledisposableincome.

B)Thedistributionnetworkispoororabsent.

C)TheyaremostlyCommunistpartymemberswhoavoidpurchasingimportedgoods.

D)Theyareres