北京汇文中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语试题 含解析

2024高三东城汇文中学中期中试卷第一节完形填空Whenmostteenagershisagearepreparingforcompetitiveexamsortrainingtobeathletes,HenryBurner,strugglingwithdyslexia(阅读障碍),decidestocharthisownrouteforsuccess.Attheageof10,hisclass____1____atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.Hismomsuggestedmakingcupcakes,butBurnerrefused.“Mom,thebakedgoodsmarketisgoingtobetotallyoversaturated(过度饱和的).Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong.Weneedtomakesomething____2____.”Sohepulledouthismom’soldbuttonmachineandmadebuttons.WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.“CanImakeitarealbusiness?”Thatwasthe____3____ofButtonsmith,aretailcompanywhichnowhasover10,000productsavailable.Alongwithhisregularschooling,Burnerplayedalargeroleinthecompany’sstrategicdecisionmakingand____4____hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany.Buttonsmithstartedfromthefarmer’smarketbeforegoingonlineand____5____,developingitsownwebsite.Aftergoingonline,Buttonsmith’ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople,andthatwasa(n)____6____point.Sincethenhehasgreatly____7____productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.Startingwithbuttons,thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct____8____andcurrentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.Tostayaheadofcompetitors,BurnerhasoptimizedButtonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing____9____andmakessuretheproductsareinthecustomers’handswithintwodays.Aftercreatinganimpressiveretailcompanyathome,Buttonsmithisstrategizingtospreadits_____10_____toothercountries.“Ilovebeinganentrepreneur.”concludedBurner.1.A.ran B.spotted C.decorate D.swept2.A.portable B.durable C.stable D.flexible3.A.mission B.advantage C.initiation D.performance4.A.killed B.invested C.balanced D.delayed5.A.hesitantly B.frequently C.eventually D.accidentally6.A.crucial B.temporary C.regular D.urgent7.A.slid B.poured C.packed D.expanded8.A.costs B.sizes C.offerings D.supplies9.A.placed B.deleted C.tracked D.shipped10.A.research B.wishes C.taste D.roots【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.B5.C6.A7.D8.C9.A10.D【解析】【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文。通过叙述主人公HenryBurner克服阅读障碍，从一个学校交易活动出发，创立并发展Buttonsmith公司的经历，展示了个人奋斗、创新思维和企业成长的过程。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他10岁的时候，他的班级经营了一个交易站，学生们在那里用硬币买卖商品。A.ran经营；B.spotted发现；C.decorated装饰；D.swept扫除。根据后文的“atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.”可知，此处指班级内部进行的一种商业活动，他的班级经营了一个交易站。故选A。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要做一些持久的东西。A.portable便携的；B.durable持久的；C.stable稳定的；D.flexible灵活的。根据前文的“Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong.”可知，亨利想要制作持久耐用的商品。故选B。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那就是Buttonsmith的起源，现在这家零售公司已经有超过1万种产品上市。A.mission使命；B.advantage优势；C.initiation起源；D.performance表演。根据前文的“WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.“CanImakeitarealbusiness?””可知，这里指的是Buttonsmith公司的开始或者起源。故选C。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了正常的学业，伯纳还在公司的战略决策中发挥了重要作用，并投入休息时间和周末为公司工作。A.killed杀死；B.invested投资，投入；C.balanced平衡；D.delayed延迟。根据后文的“hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany.”可知，此处表示他将个人时间投入到公司工作中。故选B。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Buttonsmith从农贸市场起步，之后转到线上，最终开发了自己的网站。A.hesitantly犹豫地；B.frequently频繁地；C.eventually最终；D.accidentally偶然地。根据后文的“developingitsownwebsite”可知，此处应填入表示最后结果的副词，表示最终开发了自己的网站。故选C。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在线销售后，Buttonsmith的销售额显著上升，达到了数百万人，这是一个关键点。A.crucial关键的；B.temporary临时的；C.regular常规的；D.urgent紧急的。根据前文的“Buttonsmith’ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople,”和后文的“Sincethenhehasgreatly____7____productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.”可知，销售额的大幅提升，极大地扩展了产品线，对于公司来说是一个关键性的转折点。故选A。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，他极大地扩展了产品线，推出了许多让人们能够向世界表达自我的可负担高质量产品。A.slid滑动；B.poured倾倒；C.packed打包；D.expanded扩展。根据后文的“productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproducts”可知，此处指产品线的增加和多样化，因此“扩展”最符合语境。故选D。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从纽扣开始，公司已经多样化其产品供应，目前提供狗项圈、牵引绳、名片、横幅等。A.costs成本；B.sizes尺寸；C.offerings供应，产品；D.supplies物资。根据前文的“thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct”和后文的“andcurrentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.”可知，这里指的是公司提供的产品种类，所以使用“供应”最为合适。故选C。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了领先于竞争对手，伯纳优化了Buttonsmith，使得订单被下单后几分钟内就能生产出定制产品。A.placed放置，下单；B.deleted删除；C.tracked跟踪；D.shipped运输。根据前文的“Buttonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing”可知，此处指客户下单后快速生产。故选A。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在国内创建了一家令人印象深刻零售公司后，Buttonsmith正在制定战略，将其根基扩展到其他国家。A.research研究；B.wishes愿望；C.taste品味；D.roots根源，根基。根据后文的“toothercountries.”可知，这里指公司业务或影响范围的扩大，Buttonsmith正在将其根基扩展到其他国家。故选D。二、语法填空A语法填空Awhitetelephonebooth,knownasthePhoneoftheWind,____11____(sit)inagardenontopofahill.Though____12____(disconnect),thephoneservesasurprisingpurpose:helpingpeoplespeakoutwhattheyfeelembarrassedtosayinfrontofothers.Havingthoughtabouttheideaforalongtime,Sasakifinallybuiltthebooth,“Mythoughtscan’tberelayed____13____regularphoneline,soIwantthemtobecarriedonthewind.Ihopeotherscanalsoexpresstheirfeelingsinthesameway.”【答案】11.sits12.disconnected13.over【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Sasaki在山顶建立一座电话亭，帮助人们说出他们在别人面前感到尴尬的话。【11题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一座白色的电话亭，被称为“风的电话”，坐落在山顶的花园里。文章通篇时态是一般现在时，主语Awhitetelephonebooth是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数形式sits。故填sits。【12题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然电话是断开的，但它有一个意想不到的作用：帮助人们说出在别人面前不好意思说的话。Though引导让步状语从句，从句中省略了主语thephone和系动词is，完整的表达应该是Thoughthephoneisdisconnected。故填disconnected。【13题详解】考查介词。句意：我的想法不能通过普通的电话线传递，所以我想让它们通过风来传递。名词phoneline前用介词形式。介词over表示“通过（某种通讯途径、媒介等）”，符合句意。故填over。B语法填空Everyonehasasenseofhumor,____14____noteverybodyhasagoodsenseofit.Psychologists____15____(divide)onwhetherhumorisinbornorlearnable.However,thereisonethingthatisacceptedwidelysofarthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman.Itisassociatedwithhappinessandcourage.Thesearequalities____16____canbesharedwithotherformsoflife.Butifhappinessisoneofthegoalschasedinlife,thenitisthesenseofhumorthatprovidesthekey.【答案】14.but15.aredivided16.that##which【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了幽默是人类所特有，是幸福的关键。【14题详解】考查连词。句意：每个人都有幽默感，但不是每个人都有好的幽默感。分析句子，设空处应该使用连词，连接前后两个句子，此处表示转折关系，用表转折的并列连词but。故填but。【15题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：心理学家对幽默是天生的还是后天习得的存在分歧。陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时。主语Psychologists为复数形式，与divide之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填are

divided。【16题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些品质可以与其他形式的生命共享。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，先行词qualities，其意为“品质”为物，应用关系代词which或者that。故填that/which。C语法填空Zhaobi,orscreenwalls,havealongandstoriedhistory.Zhaobicanbefoundoutsidethe____17____(enter)ofbuildings,andintheirearliestform,theywerebuiltforonlythehighestmembersofsociety____18____(show)theirsocialstatusandprotectprivacy.Itwasbelievedthatwouldalsoactasthespiritualprotection.Thentheybecameanimportantformofartisticexpression,representinggoodfortunateappearingonthewalls.Nowadays,zhaobiarestill____19____theylookedinthedistantpast.Byevolvingtheirfunction,thesewalls____20____(witness)China’sdevelopment,givingusasnapshotoflifeataparticulartimeinhistory.【答案】17.entrance18.toshow19.how20.havewitnessed【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了照壁从古至今的功能变化。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：照壁可以在建筑物的入口处找到，在它们最早的形式中，它们仅是为社会最高成员建造的，以显示他们的社会地位和保护隐私。of名词所有格，用名词entrance(入口)。故填entrance。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：照壁可以在建筑物的入口处找到，在它们最早的形式中，它们仅是为社会最高成员建造的，以显示他们的社会地位和保护隐私。show用不定式形式作目的状语。故填toshow。【19题详解】考查表语从句。句意：如今，照壁仍然是遥远的过去的样子。分析句子结构可知，这里为表语从句，描述其呈现的状态方式保持了过去的样子，用连接副词how引导。故填how。【20题详解】考查时态。句意：通过这些功能的不断演变，这些墙见证了中国的发展，让我们了解了历史上某个特定时期的生活。无灵主语常与有灵动词搭配使用，这些动词原本用于描述人或社会团体的动作和行为，如“see”（看见）、“witness”（见证）等，当它们与无灵主语结合时，能够赋予非生命事物以生命般的特性和动作，使句子更加生动有趣。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，根据句意可知，见证这一动作从过去发生一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时have/hasdone，无灵主语thesewalls和有灵谓语动词witness是主动关系，且主语是复数，应用havedone，witness的过去分词为witnessed。故填havewitnessed。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，共38分)第一节(共14小题：每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每路所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInourhyper-connectedworld,informationisbeingcollectedandsharedeverynanosecond.Theproblemisthatyourpersonalinformationmightbeusedagainstyouinthefutureinwaysyoucan’timaginetoday.Sowhatdoyouhavetoworryabout,andwhatcanyoudotoprotectyourself?Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourpersonalinformationgettinglifted...Don’thandoveryourname,address,phonenumber,oremailaddressunlessthereceiverreallyneedsit.Ifpressed,youcanalwaysmakesomethingup.Optapaperreceiptornoreceiptratherthangettingoneviatextoremail,whichrequiressharingyourinformationandexposesyoutopossibledataloss.IfyoupreferthatyourInternetsearchesstayprivate..Browse(浏览)withFirefox.Itsprivacycontrolsarestrongerthanotherbig-namebrowsers.OruseDuckDuckGo,andalternateserviceyoucaneasilysetasyourdefault(默认)searchpartnerat.Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourphoneactingasatracker...TurnoffLocationServicesforallappsexceptmapsandothersthatneedtoknowwhereyouare,YoucandothisinSettings,underPrivacyandLocation.andLocation.Ifyouwantcompaniestostoptryingtosellyouthings...Stopadsfromtrackingyoubyoptingoutofinformationcollecting.Thewebsiteisagoodplacetostart.YoucanalsoaddyourphonenumbertotheNationalDoNotCallRegistryat1-888-382-1222or.Ifyou’reworriedaboutbeingtagged(标记)inphotosonsocialmedia...Tellfriendsyoudon’twanttobetagged,andoptoutofbeingautomaticallytaggedinotherpeople’sFacebookphotosbygoingtoSettings,thenFaceRecognition.AlwayskeepinmindthatInternetisnotaprivateplaceandyourprivacyisnotjustaboutfreedomfromembarrassment.Althoughyoucan’tpreventallInternetSpying,youcanminimizesomeunwantedspyingbytakingthesesteps.21.Whichofthefollowingwillmostpossiblyrevealyourpersonalinformation?A.LookingforinformationwithFirefox.B.Receivingareceiptthroughtextmessages.C.SwitchingoffLocationServicesinSettings.D.Givingyouraddresstothereceiverwhoneedsit.22.Ifyoudon’twanttobedisturbedbyads,youcan________.A.avoidusing.B.refuseacallfromDuckDuckGo.C.deleteyourphonenumberat.D.registeryourphonenumberat.23.Thepassageisintendedto________.A.giveadvice B.introducewebsitesC.showworries D.explainsocialmedia【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在高度互联的世界中如何保护个人隐私，给出了一系列实用的建议。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一个标题下“Optapaperreceiptornoreceiptratherthangettingoneviatextoremail,whichrequiressharingyourinformationandexposesyoutopossibledataloss.(选择纸质收据或不收收据，而不是通过短信或电子邮件接收，因为后者需要共享你的信息，并可能使你面临数据丢失的风险)”可知，通过短信接收收据可能会泄露你的个人信息。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四个标题下“Stopadsfromtrackingyoubyoptingoutofinformationcollecting.Thewebsiteisagoodplacetostart.YoucanalsoaddyourphonenumbertotheNationalDoNotCallRegistryat1-888-382-1222or.(通过选择退出信息收集来阻止广告跟踪你。是一个很好的起点。你还可以通过拨打1-888-382-1222或访问将你的电话号码添加到国家禁止呼叫注册表中)”可知，如果你希望不被广告打扰，可以在注册自己的电话号码。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Inourhyper-connectedworld,informationisbeingcollectedandsharedeverynanosecond.Theproblemisthatyourpersonalinformationmightbeusedagainstyouinthefutureinwaysyoucan’timaginetoday.Sowhatdoyouhavetoworryabout,andwhatcanyoudotoprotectyourself?(在我们这个高度互联的世界里，信息每分每秒都在被收集和共享。问题在于，你的个人信息可能会在未来以你今天无法想象的方式被用来对付你。那么，你需要担心什么，又能做些什么来保护自己呢？)”以及全文内容可知，文章从多个方面(如个人信息保护、网络搜索隐私、手机定位服务、广告追踪以及社交媒体照片标记等)给出了具体的建议，以帮助读者在日常生活中更好地保护自己的隐私，所以文章写作的目的是给出建议。故选A。BAsacluelessfreshman,Iwaltzedintomyfirstcreativewritingcoursebyaccident,thinkingitwasaliteratureclassonhowtoreadstories,nothowtowritethem.Whentheteacherintroducedthecourse,Irealizedmymistake.ThecreditsIearnedfromthecoursewouldn’tcounttowardmymajor.Bytheendofthesession,however,IdecidedthatIhadtobeapartofthecourse.Perhaps,asalifelongreader,Iwaseagertounderstandhowstoriesworkedtheirmagic.Buttakingtheclasswouldbeimpossible:Iwasn’tevenonthewaitlist.That’swhentheteacheraskedforavolunteertosubmitthefirstworkshopstory.Silenceblanketedtheroom.Nooneriskedeyecontact.Whoevervolunteeredwouldhavetowriteawholestoryinaweek.Perhapsthey,likeme,hadneverwrittenonebefore.Seizingmychance,Iraisedmyhandandasked,“IfIgofirst,willyougivemeaspotintheclass?”Hesaidhewould.So,insteadofkeepingmyheaddownandavoidingeyecontact,Ididtheopposite.Yearslater,I’dcompletedadegreeincreativewritingandwasworkingonanovelwhenaliteraryagentaskedtoreadthefirst50pagesofmydraft.ButIwasn’tcomfortableshowingheranything;thenovelwasfarfromdone.Throughoutgraduateschool,I’dbeenadvisedmanytimesnottocontactagentsuntilIhaveacompletedraft.Inthemeanwhile,Iknewthebeginningofmystorywasattractiveandthattheagentmightnotremembermeafterayear.So,onceagain,insteadofkeepingmyheaddownandavoidingeyecontact,Ididtheopposite.Isentherthefirstthreechapters.Amonthlater,shesignedmeonthestrengthofthosechaptersalone.Shehassinceseenmethroughthepublicationofthreenovels.Determination,focus,perseverance-thequalitiesthatIconsidercrucialingettingmeintoStanfordnodoubthelpedmebecomethenovelistIamtoday.AndyetifI’dtrainedmygazeonlyonthepathahead,Iwouldhavemissedsomanyhappyaccidents,somanybeautifulopportunitiestolookup,raisemyhand,andsayyes.24.Whatmadetheauthorfinallydecidetotakethecourse?A.Thepopularityofthecourse. B.Herconfidenceinherwritingskills.C.Hercuriosityaboutstorywriting. D.Theneedtogetcreditsforherdegree.25.Theauthorvolunteeredtowritethefirstworkshopstoryto________.A.challengeherself B.winaplaceintheclassC.displayhertalent D.impresstheteacher26.Theauthorsentherfirstthreechapterstotheagentbecause________.A.shewantedtogetthechanceofpublicationB.herstorywasattractivetoreadersC.theagentaskedhertoturnintheworkD.herfriendsadvisedhertodoso27.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.B.Confidenceleadstogrowthandfulfillment.C.Successcomestothosewhodare.D.Chancefavorsonlythepreparedmind.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从误打误撞参加创意写作课程，到决定加入并努力争取机会，再到后来成为小说家的经历。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Bytheendofthesession,however,IdecidedthatIhadtobeapartofthecourse.Perhaps,asalifelongreader,Iwaseagertounderstandhowstoriesworkedtheirmagic.(然而，在那堂课结束时，我决定自己必须成为这门课程的一部分。或许，作为一个终身读者，我渴望了解故事是如何施展其魔力的。)”可知，作者决定选修这门课程是源于作者对故事写作的好奇心和渴望。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Buttakingtheclasswouldbeimpossible:Iwasn’tevenonthewaitlist.That’swhentheteacheraskedforavolunteertosubmitthefirstworkshopstory.(但参加这门课程是不可能的：我甚至都不在候补名单上。就在这时，老师要求一名志愿者提交第一篇工作坊故事。)”以及第五段“Seizingmychance,Iraisedmyhandandasked,“IfIgofirst,willyougivemeaspotintheclass?”Hesaidhewould.(我抓住机会，举手问道：“如果我第一个来，你会给我一个上课的名额吗？”他说他会。)”可推测，作者自愿写第一个工作坊故事是为了赢得一个上课的名额。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“So,onceagain,insteadofkeepingmyheaddownandavoidingeyecontact,Ididtheopposite.Isentherthefirstthreechapters.Amonthlater,shesignedmeonthestrengthofthosechaptersalone.(所以，我再次没有低头避开眼神交流，而是反其道而行之。我给她发了前三章。一个月后，她仅凭这三章就与我签约了。)”可知，作者给代理人发前三章的目的是为了得到出版的机会。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Determination,focus,perseverance-thequalitiesthatIconsidercrucialingettingmeintoStanfordnodoubthelpedmebecomethenovelistIamtoday.AndyetifI’dtrainedmygazeonlyonthepathahead,Iwouldhavemissedsomanyhappyaccidents,somanybeautifulopportunitiestolookup,raisemyhand,andsayyes.(决心、专注、毅力——我认为这些品质对于我被斯坦福大学录取至关重要，它们无疑也帮助我成为了今天的我——一名小说家。然而，如果我只盯着前方的道路，我就会错过许多意外的惊喜，许多抬头、举手、说“是”的美好机会。)”以及全文内容可知，文章讲述的是作者原本并不是为了写作而参加创意写作课程的，但她在课堂上勇敢地采取了行动，最终成为了一名小说家。这表明成功属于那些敢于尝试的人。故选C。CEnlightening,challenging,stimulating,fun.TheseweresomeofthewordsthatNaturereadersusedtodescribetheirexperiencesofart-sciencecollaborationsinaseriesofarticlesonpartnershipsbetweenartistsandresearchers.Nearly40%oftheroughly350peoplewhorespondedtoanaccompanyingpoll,saidtheyhadcollaboratedwithartists;andalmostallsaidtheywouldconsiderdoingsoinfuture.Suchanencouragingresultisnotsurprising.Scientistsareincreasinglyseekingoutvisualartiststohelpthemcommunicatetheirworktonewaudiences.“Artistshelpscientistsreachabroaderaudienceandmakeemotionalconnectionsthatenhancelearning,”onerespondentsaid.OneexampleofhowartistsandscientistshavetogetherrockedthescenescamelastmonthwhentheSydneySymphonyOrchestraperformedareworkedversionofAntonioVivaldi’sTheFourSeasons.Theyreimaginedthe300-year-oldscorebyinjectingthelatestclimatepredictiondataforeachseason-providedbyMonashUniversity’sClimateChangeCommunicationResearchHub.TheperformancewasacreativecalltoactionaheadofNovember’sUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow,UK.Butagenuinepartnershipmustbeatwo-waystreet.FewerartiststhanscientistsrespondedtotheNaturepoll;however,severalrespondentsnotedthatartistsdonotsimplyassistscientistswiththeircommunicationrequirements.Norshouldtheirworkbeconsideredonlyasanobjectofstudy.Thealliancesaremostvaluablewhenscientistsandartistshaveasharedinterestinaproject,areabletojointlydesignitandcancritiqueeachother’swork.Suchanapproachcanbothpromptnewresearchaswellasresultinpowerfulart.Morethanhalfacenturyago,theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyopeneditsCenterforAdvancedVisualStudies(CAVS)toexploretheroleoftechnologyinculture.Thefoundersdeliberatelyfocusedtheirprojectsaroundlight—hencethe"visualstudies"inthename.Lightwassomethingthatbothartistsandscientistshadaninterestin,andthereforecouldformthebasisofcollaboration.Asscienceandtechnologyprogressed,anddividedintomoresub-disciplines,thecentrewassimultaneously(同时地)lookingtoatimewhenleadingresearcherscouldalsobeartists,writersandpoets,andviceversa.Nature’spollfindingssuggestthatthistrendisasstrongasever,but,tomakeacollaborationwork,bothsidesneedtoinvesttime,andembracesurpriseandchallenge.Thereachofart-sciencetie-upsneedstogobeyondthenecessarypurposeofresearchcommunication,andparticipantmustnotfallintothetrapofstereotyping(对…产生成见)eachother.Artistsandscientistsalikeareimmersedindiscoveryandinvention,andchallengeandcritiquearecoretoboth,too.28.AccordingtoParagraph1,art-sciencecollaborationshave________.A.caughttheattentionofcritics B.receivedfavorableresponsesC.promotedacademicpublishing D.sparkedheatedpubliccontroversy29.ThereworkedversionofTheFourSeasonsismentionedtoshowthat________.A.artcanofferaudienceseasyaccesstoscienceB.sciencecanhelpwiththeexpressionofemotionsC.publicparticipationinsciencehasapromisingfutureD.artiseffectiveinfacilitatingscientificinnovations30.Whatdoestheunderlinedworld“alliances”inParagraph4probablymean?A.associations B.attachments C.disputes D.involvements31.Accordingtotheauthor,art-sciencecollaborationsA.arelikelytogobeyondpublicexpectationsB.willintensifyinterdisciplinarycompetitionC.shoulddomorethancommunicatingscienceD.arebecomingmorepopularthanbefore【答案】28.B29.A30.A31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术-科学合作得到了良好的反响。在一系列关于艺术家和研究人员合作的文章中，《自然》杂志的读者用启发、挑战、刺激、有趣这些词来描述他们在艺术与科学合作方面的经历。在参与调查的350人中，近40%的人表示他们曾与艺术家合作过；几乎所有人都表示，他们会考虑在未来这么做。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Enlightening,challenging,stimulating,fun.TheseweresomeofthewordsthatNaturereadersusedtodescribetheirexperiencesofart-sciencecollaborationsinaseriesofarticlesonpartnershipsbetweenartistsandresearchers.Nearly40%oftheroughly350peoplewhorespondedtoanaccompanyingpoll,saidtheyhadcollaboratedwithartists;andalmostallsaidtheywouldconsiderdoingsoinfuture.(启发、挑战、刺激、有趣。在一系列关于艺术家和研究人员合作的文章中，《自然》杂志的读者用这些词来描述他们在艺术与科学合作方面的经历。在参与调查的350人中，近40%的人表示他们曾与艺术家合作过；几乎所有人都表示，他们会考虑在未来这么做)”可知，根据第1段内容可以了解到，艺术-科学合作得到了良好的反响。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中““Artistshelpscientistsreachabroaderaudienceandmakeemotionalconnectionsthatenhancelearning,”onerespondentsaid.(“艺术家帮助科学家接触到更广泛的受众，并建立情感联系，从而增强学习能力。”一位受访者说)”以及第三段“OneexampleofhowartistsandscientistshavetogetherrockedthescenescamelastmonthwhentheSydneySymphonyOrchestraperformedareworkedversionofAntonioVivaldi’sTheFourSeasons.Theyreimaginedthe300-year-oldscorebyinjectingthelatestclimatepredictiondataforeachseason-providedbyMonashUniversity’sClimateChangeCommunicationResearchHub.TheperformancewasacreativecalltoactionaheadofNovember’sUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow,UK.(上个月，悉尼交响乐团(SydneySymphonyOrchestra)演奏了安东尼奥·维瓦尔第(AntonioVivaldi)的《四季》(theFourSeasons)的重做版本，这是艺术家和科学家一起震撼感官的一个例子。他们利用莫纳什大学气候变化传播研究中心提供的每个季节的最新气候预测数据，重新想象了300年前的分数。在11月于英国格拉斯哥举行的联合国气候变化会议之前，这一表演是一种创造性的行动呼吁)”可推知，重新制作的《四季》是为了说明艺术可以让观众更容易地接触科学。故选A项。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“Butagenuinepartnershipmustbeatwo-waystreet.FewerartiststhanscientistsrespondedtotheNaturepoll;however,severalrespondentsnotedthatartistsdonotsimplyassistscientistswiththeircommunicationrequirements.Norshouldtheirworkbeconsideredonlyasanobjectofstudy.(但真正的伙伴关系必须是双向的。回应《自然》调查的艺术家比科学家少；然而，一些受访者指出，艺术家不仅仅是帮助科学家满足他们的沟通需求。他们的工作也不应该仅仅被视为研究的对象)”可知，本段真正的伙伴关系必须是双向的，也就是艺术家不仅仅是帮助科学家满足他们的沟通需求，而且能够共同设计这个项目，并能互相批评对方的工作，这种联盟是最有价值的，推知alliances应是“联盟”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nature’spollfindingssuggestthatthistrendisasstrongasever,but,tomakeacollaborationwork,bothsidesneedtoinvesttime,andembracesurpriseandchallenge.Thereachofart-sciencetie-upsneedstogobeyondthenecessarypurposeofresearchcommunication,andparticipantmustnotfallintothetrapofstereotyping(对……产生成见)eachother.Artistsandscientistsalikeareimmersedindiscoveryandinvention,andchallengeandcritiquearecoretoboth,too.(《自然》杂志的民意调查结果表明，这种趋势一如既往地强劲，但是，为了使合作奏效，双方都需要投入时间，并接受惊喜和挑战。艺术与科学结合的范围需要超越研究交流的必要目的，参与者不能陷入彼此刻板印象的陷阱。艺术家和科学家都参与发现和发明，挑战和评论也是两者的核心)”可推知，根据作者的说法，作者认为艺术与科学的合作应该做的不仅仅是传播科学。故选C项。DTheweatherinTexasmayhavecooledsincetherecentextremeheat,butthetemperaturewillbehighattheStateBoardofEducationmeetinginAustinthismonthasofficialsdebatehowclimatechangeistaughtinTexasschools.PatHardy,whosympathizeswiththeviewsoftheenergysector,isresistingproposedchangestosciencestandardsforpre-teenpupils.“Thereareasmanyscientistsworkingagainstallthepanicofglobalclimatechangeastherearethosewhoarepushingit,”sheclaims.“Texasisanenergystateandweneedtorecognizethat.Youneedtorememberwhereyourbreadisbuttered.”MostscientistsandexpertssharplydisputeHardy’sviews.Boardmemberslikeher“casuallydismissthecareerworkofscholarsandscientistsasjustanothermisguidedopinion,”saysDanQuinn,seniorcommunicationsstrategistattheTexasFreedomNetwork,anon-profitgroupthatmonitorspubliceducation.SuchdebatesreflectfiercediscussionsacrosstheUS,asresearchers,policymakers,teachersandstudentsstepupdemandsforagreaterfocusonteachingaboutthefactsofclimatechangeinschools.AstudylastyearbytheNationalCenterforScienceEducation,anon-profitgroupofscientistsandteachers,lookingathowstatepublicschoolsacrossthecountryaddressclimatechangeinscienceclasses,gavebarelyhalfofUSstatesagradeB+orhigher.Amongthe10worstperformersweresomeofthemostpopulousstates,includingTexas,whichwasgiventhelowestgrade(F)andhasadisproportionateinfluencebecauseitstextbooksarewidelysoldelsewhere.GlennBranch,thecentre’sdeputydirector,cautionsthatsettingstate-levelsciencestandardsisonlyonelimitedbenchmarkinacountrythatdecentralizesdecisionstolocalschoolboards.Evenifastateisconsideredahighperformerinitssciencestandards,“thatdoesnotmeanitwillbetaught”,hesays.Anotherissueisthat,whileclimatechangeiswellintegratedintosomesubjectsandatsomeages-suchasearthandspacesciencesinhighschools—itisnotaswellrepresentedincurricula(教学大纲)foryoungerchildrenandinsubjectsthataremorewidelytaught,suchasbiologyandchemistry.Itisalsolessprominentinmanysocialstudiescourses.Branchpointsoutthat,evenifagrowingnumberofofficialguidelinesandtextbooksreflectscientificconsensusonclimatechange,unofficialeducationalmaterialsthatconveymorebiasedperspectivesarebeingdistributedtoteachers.Theyincludematerialssponsoredbyenergyindustryassociations.32.WhatdoesQuinnthinkofHardy?A.Sheexaggeratestheexistingpanic. B.Sheshowsnoconcernforpre-teens.C.Sheexpressesself-contradictoryviews. D.Shedeniesthevalueofscientificwork.33.ThestudymentionedinParagraph5showsthat________.A.TexasisreluctanttorewriteitssciencetextbooksB.policymakershavelittledriveforscienceeducationC.climateeducationisinsufficientatstatepublicschoolsD.environmentalteachinginsomestateslackssupervision34.AccordingtoBranch,state-levelsciencestandardsintheUS________.A.callforregularrevision B.havelimitedinfluenceC.requireurgentapplication D.prioritizelocalneeds【答案】32.D33.C34.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论了在气候问题日益严重的情况下，我们应该如何加强公立学校的气候教育工作。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Boardmemberslikeher“casuallydismissthecareerworkofscholarsandscientistsasjustanothermisguidedopinion,”saysDanQuinn,seniorcommunicationsstrategistattheTexasFreedomNetwork,anon-profitgroupthatmonitorspubliceducation.(监督公共教育的非营利组织德克萨斯自由网络的高级传播策略师DanQuinn说，像她这样的董事会成员“随意地驳回学者和科学家的职业工作只是另一种误导性的观点”。)”可知，DanQuinn认为Hardy随意地驳回学者和科学家的职业工作，由此可知，Quinn认为Hardy否认了科学工作的价值。故选D项。33题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段关键句“AstudylastyearbytheNationalCenterforScienceEducation,anon-profitgroupofscientistsandteachers,lookingathowstatepublicschoolsacrossthecountryaddre