2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（完形填空）：说明文（10题）

第1页（共1页）2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（完形填空）：说明文（10题）一．完形填空（共10小题）1．（2023•包河区一模）Onceuponatime，thereweresixrubbishbins（垃圾桶）.Eachhadadifferentcolourandnamedependingontherubbishinit.Andtheytooktheirjob（1）.Wheneversomeoneputtherubbishinawrongplace，thebinwouldpassitintothe（2）onefortheywereverygoodfriends.Thatway，therubbishwasalwayscorrectly（3）sothatitcouldberecycledproperly.Often，thecleanerswouldcomealongto（4）them.Andtheywerealwayshappytoseetherightkindof（5）goingintotherightrubbishbin.Butafterafewdays，thebinsgotverytiredbecausetheworkwasquite（6）.Peoplewereusedtothrowingtherubbishwithoutsorting（分类）.Soonthebin"Glass"（7）working.Itspatout（吐出）somethingthatwasn'tglassintothestreet.Then"Plastic"begantoexperiencethesameand"Paper"（8）.Finally，allthebinsbegantospitoutthewrongrubbish.Oneday，asmartboycalledJackfoundtherubbishonthestreetandwasquicktorealizeitwasallspatoutbytherubbishbins.Hepickedupeachbitofrubbishfromthe（9）andputitintotherightbinatonce.Thesixbinshopedotherpeoplewould（10）Jackandsortrubbishcarefully.Evenasmallactcouldmaketheplanetabetterplace.（1）A．seriouslyB．loudlyC．secretlyD．nervously（2）A．niceB．nextC．correctD．same（3）A．coveredB．countedC．canceledD．divided（4）A．hideB．emptyC．smellD．burn（5）A．wasteB．medicineC．clothD．wood（6）A．heavyB．lightC．funD．noisy（7）A．continuedB．stoppedC．keptD．enjoyed（8）A．shinedB．followedC．succeededD．refused（9）A．yardB．seaC．groundD．factory（10）A．believeinB．careforC．laughatD．learnfrom2．（2023•石峰区二模）Manyofusdon'tcaremuchabouteyes.Wewon'tseeanythingwithouteyes.Thatis（1）weshouldprotect（保护）oureyes.Naturaleyecareshouldbeputinanumberoneplace.Therearemany（2）ofpooreyesightlikenoenoughfood，genes（基因）andaging（老化）.Televisions，computersandreadingarealsothereasonsofhavingpooreyesight.Ifyouhappentowork（3）thecomputer，itisbesttotakearest.Somethingdirtycancauserednessanditwillmakeyoufeeluncomfortable.Itisbadforyoureyes，too.Ifthishappens，thebestwayistocleanyoureyesby（4）coldwater.Youmaywearsunglasseswhenyougoout（5）theycanprotectyoureyesight.Eatinghealthyfoodswillbe（6）foryoureyesight.RememberthatvitaminsA，CandEareusefulforeyes.Trytoeatfoodthathavethesevitamins.Andyoushoulddo（7）exercisesbecauseexerciseprotectsyoureyesight，too.Ifapersonexercisesregularly（定期地）andeatstherightkindoffood，hiseyeswillstayingoodcondition（8）alongtime.Allabovearenatural（9）ofeyecarethathelpuskeepeyeshealthy.Beinghappyallthetimecanbe（10）toone'seyesight，too.Inaword，eyecareisveryimportant，nomatterhowoldapersonis.（1）A．whenB．whatC．why（2）A．problemsB．suggestionsC．reasons（3）A．infrontofB．atthebackofC．inthecenterof（4）A．usingB．drinkingC．getting（5）A．soB．becauseC．and（6）A．goodB．badC．hard（7）A．armB．morningC．eye（8）A．inB．forC．of（9）A．roadsB．waysC．streets（10）A．usefulB．helpfulC．beautiful3．（2023•广阳区二模）ThankstoWebster'sDictionaryof1828，spellingisnow（1）forAmericansthanitusedtobe.NoahWebsterwasproudofbeinganAmerican.TheEnglishsaidtherewasnosuchthingasAmericanlearning.WebstersaidAmericanlearningwasasgoodasEnglishlearning.Itwas（2）abitdifferent.ThegreatEnglishdictionaryof1，755was（3）bySamuelJohnson.Johnsonstandardizedspelling.Thatmeanshegaveonespellingforeachword.Thatwas（4）peopleweresupposedtospellit.Upuntilthattime，mostpeoplespelledwordsanywaythey（5）spellingthem.Whenpeoplespellanywaytheywantto，otherpeoplemaynotunderstandwhatiswritten.Ifpeoplespellwordsinthe（6）way，anybodywhocanreadcanunderstandthem.WebsterusedmostofJohnson'sspellings.HeusedmanyofJohnson's（7）forwords.ThatisbecauseAmericansspokeEnglish.Americanslivedinanewcountry.Theyhadnewwords.TherewereIndianwords.TherewereFrenchandSpanishwords.Therewerenewwordsfornewanimals.Webster（8）thesenewwordstohisdictionary.Onewordwasskunk（臭鼬）.（9）wasapplesauce.TheEnglishcalledthesewords"Americanisms."Websteralsomadespellingeasier.TheEnglishwrote"plough."Websterchangedit（10）"plow."TheEnglishwrote"colour"and"honour."Websterspelledthewords"color"and"honor."Webster'sDictionaryisstillused.（1）A．harderB．easierC．closerD．fresher（2）A．almostB．everC．justD．yet（3）A．writtenB．sungC．speltD．read（4）A．whatB．whyC．whenD．how（5）A．gaveupB．keptupC．feltlikeD．putoff（6）A．sameB．differentC．necessaryD．primary（7）A．mistakesB．meaningsC．questionsD．discussions（8）A．tookB．addedC．appearedD．tried（9）A．OthersB．OtherC．TheotherD．Another（10）A．withB．underC．intoD．by4．（2023•咸丰县模拟）HowareAmericanfamiliesdifferentfromChinesefamilies？Insomeways，AmericanfamiliesareverydifferentfromChineseones，andinotherways，theyare（1）.Americanfamilies，forexample，enjoyfamilydinners，supportandloveeachotherjustasChinesefamilies（2）.Thedifferencescomefromculture，however.ManyChinesestudentsare（3）tolearnthatAmericanteenagersareallowedtomakemanydecisionsontheirown，andthatparentswanttheirchildrento（4）homeateighteen.InmostAmericanfamilies，childrenareencouragedtomaketheirownchoices（5）ayoungage.Theystartwithsmallchoicesandgradually（6）onesuntiltheygraduatefromhighschool.Thatiswhentheyfacethebiggestdecisionoftheirlives：（7）todonext.Parentsandfamilywillhelpwiththechoice，butthechildrenthemselvesmakethefinaldecision.Americans（8）movebackintofamilyhomeswhentheygetolder.Instead，theyprefertohavetheirown（9）foraslongaspossible.Itisimportanttorememberthattheseareculturaldifferences，andthatAmericansseethisas（10）oftheculture.（1）A.toomuchB.allrightC.thesameD.different（2）A.doB.goC.workD.see（3）A.worriedB.surprisedC.movedD.sad（4）A.leaveB.returnC.getD.reach（5）A.ofB.forC.atD.in（6）A.largerB.worseC.easierD.smaller（7）A.whichB.howC.whatD.why（8）A.oftenB.seldomC.onceD.always（9）A.chancesB.choicesC.livesD.homes（10）A.halfB.partC.allD.both5．（2023•绵阳一模）Tokeephealthyinspaceisnotaseasyasthatonearth.Duringthethreemonthsinspace，thethreeastronautshadtodoexerciseregularly.InTianhe'sexercisearea，theydid（1）exerciseaccordingtotheirphysicalcondition.Forexample，whentheygotinto（2）atfirst，theydidmoderate﹣intensity（中等强度）exerciseeveryday.Andtheintensitygradually（3）astheirtimeinspaceprogressed.Onlyinthiswaycouldthey（4）theenvironmentinspace.Therewasalsoadevicefortheastronautstousetokeeptheirmusclesinagoodcondition.Expertsonthe（5）couldadjustthedeviceaccordingtotheirconditions.（1）A．dailyB．simpleC．specialD．creative（2）A．rocketB．carC．stateD．space（3）A．droppedB．lostC．increasedD．held（4）A．befullofB．getusedtoC．comeupwithD．goalongwith（5）A．moonB．planeC．groundD．laboratory6．（2023•沿河县一模）PekingOperaisoneoftheformsofChinesetraditionalculture.InPekingOpera，eachcharacterhastheirownfacepaintedina（1）way.Theaudience（观众）canknowwhothegoodguyisandwhothebadguyisbylookingatthefacepainting.Wheredidthiskindoffacepaintingcomefrom？AnoldstorytellsusthatitwasrelatedtoPrinceLanling.Thisprincewasoneofthefourmost（2）meninancientChina.Somesoldiersintheprince'sarmythoughtthathewas（3）becauseofhisgood﹣lookingface.So，tomakehimselflookstronger，theprinceworeamaskwithan（4）facepaintedonit.Anotherstoryaboutfacepaintinghas（5）todowithLiLongji，anemperorintheTangDynasty.Helovedoperaverymuch.Oneday，theactorwhoplayedtheclowninPekingOperafellillrightbeforeaperformance，sothe（6）decidedtoplaythisrolehimself.Hecoveredpartofhisface（7）apieceofwhitesquarejade（玉）sothatotherswouldn'tbeabletorecognizehim.Therefore，thecoverontheclown'sfacebecameaconvention（惯例）.Later，theactor（8）playedtheclownreplacedthejadewithwhitepowder.Astimewenton，facepaintingstartedbeingusedto（9）thecharactersofdifferentroles.Ithasbecomeoneofmanyspecial（10）ofexpressionofPekingOpera.（1）A．strangeB．naturalC．special（2）A．interestingB．handsomeC．important（3）A．wellB．strongC．weak（4）A．uglyB．niceC．unwell（5）A．nothingB．somethingC．everything（6）A．actorB．playerC．emperor（7）A．fromB．withC．in（8）A．whoB．whatC．whom（9）A．serveB．showC．order（10）A．waysB．reasonsC．skills7．（2023•咸宁一模）PuttinglionstatuesoutsideofbuildingsisquitecommoninChina.Itwasespecially（1）inancienttimes.Theycanbeseenatthegatesoftemples，governmentofficesandthehomesof（2）people.Thestatuesareusuallymadeof（3）.Peoplebelievetheycanscareawayevil（邪恶的）spiritsandbringgood（4）.However，thelionisnota（5）ofChina.Itwasnotuntilabout2，000yearsago，whenlionswere（6）toChineseemperorsasgifts，thattheanimal（7）beseeninChina.Emperorslovedlionsbecausetheylooked（8）.Theykeptlionsaspetsandasasymbolofpower.Theanimalswerealsobelievedto（9）SuanNi（狻猊），oneoftheninelegendarysonsofthedragon.LionsbecameevenmorepopularinChinesecultureasBuddhism（佛教）was（10）tothecountrylater.Buddhasridelionsandthelion'sroar（咆哮）was（11）tobetheteachingsoftheBuddhas.Sinceancienttimes，peoplehaveputlionstatuesoutsidetheirhousesto（12）theirfamilies.Theyusuallyput（13）stonelionsoneachsideofthegatetotheirhome.Amalelionstandsonthe（14）playingwithaball.Itstandsforpower.Afemalelionisontherightwithababylionunderherpaw.Shestandsforalargeandthriving（兴旺的）（15）.（1）A．commonB．specialC．strangeD．fresh（2）A．smartB．wealthyC．politeD．good（3）A．stoneB．woodC．plasticD．gold（4）A．senseB．viewC．ideaD．luck（5）A．secretB．choiceC．nativeD．symbol（6）A．receivedB．lentC．givenD．returned（7）A．shouldB．couldC．needD．might（8）A．helpfulB．gentleC．funnyD．strong（9）A．looklikeB．lookforC．lookafterD．lookat（10）A．providedB．createdC．introducedD．invented（11）A．seenB．doneC．gottenD．said（12）A．pleaseB．protectC．serveD．fight（13）A．apairofB．apieceofC．afewofD．acopyof（14）A．topB．middleC．bottomD．left（15）A．motherB．familyC．futureD．wealth8．（2023•吉州区校级模拟）Dragonsarenotrealanimals，buttheylooklikeamixofmanyanimalssuchassnakes，fishandtigersinChineseculture.Theyhavetwohorns（角）andalong（1）.Withfantasticpowers，theycan（2）intheskyorswiminthesea.Theycanmakerain，too.TheChineseDragonisasymbolof（3）andgoodluck.ThekingofancientChina（4）dragons.Theirclothesareoftencoveredwith（5）ofdragons.Todayweare（6）tocallourselvesthe"descendants（后代）ofthedragon".InChinese，excellentpeopleareoftencalled"dragons".AnumberofChinesesayingstalkaboutdragons，suchas"Hopeone'schildwillbecomeadragon"whichmeansthat（7）hopesthechildwillbesuccessful.Itis（8）thatpeoplebornintheYearoftheDragonhavecertaincharacters.Theyarecreative，active，bravebuttheybecomeangry（9）.Therearesomefamous"dragons"whohavedoneexcellentthingsandarevery（10）.Therearealsosometraditional（11）aboutdragonsinChina，suchastheDragonHead﹣RaisingDayandtheDragonBoatFestival，whichare（12）indifferentways.Thesetwofestivalscomeeveryyear，（13）theYearofDragoncomeseverytwelveyears.ThedragonisoneofthemostimportantpartsinChineseculture.Someone（14）isinterestedinChineseculturemaystudyitandit'llbehelpfulforabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.Asthe"descendantsofthedragon"，it'sourdutytoworktogetherto（15）ourtraditionalcultureontomoreandmorepeople.（1）A．bodyB．hairC．faceD．arm（2）A．cryB．flyC．jumpD．eat（3）A．contributionB．jobC．energyD．treasure（4）A．strokeB．laughedC．hatedD．loved（5）A．smellB．picturesC．tasteD．appearances（6）A．amazedB．proudC．shyD．interested（7）A．someoneB．anybodyC．someD．anything（8）A．studiedB．shockedC．saidD．suggested（9）A．completelyB．hardlyC．gladlyD．easily（10）A．naturalB．successfulC．strangeD．impolite（11）A．messagesB．informationC．festivalsD．service（12）A．celebratedB．promisedC．decidedD．offered（13）A．untilB．whileC．unlessD．before（14）A．whereB．whatC．whichD．who（15）A．passB．pickC．chooseD．save9．（2023•白云区二模）Weoftensay，"WheninRome，doastheRomansdo."SowhenyoueatWesternfood，doasWesternersdo.Herearesomethingsthatyoumayneedtoknowabout（1）togetherintheWest.InsomeWesterncountries，（2）isusuallyeatenatabout1pm.Dinnerisservedaround7pmorevenlater.InSpainitisusualtohavelunchat3pmanddinnerat10pm!Atthestartofa（3），theFrenchsay"Bonappétit"，andtheItalianssay"Buonappetito".ButthereisnothingsimilartosayinEnglish."Enjoyyourmeal"isusuallyonlysaidbythepersonwhobringsthefood.Forksand（4）areusedformostWesternfood.Theforkisheldinyourlefthandandtheknifeinyourright，andthefoodisheldwiththeforkandcutwiththeknife.Duringthemeal，youmaybe（5）toserveyourselfbysomeonewhosays，"Helpyourself."Youcantakeitandsay，"Thankyou."Ifyouaregivensomethingyoudonotlike，youcanjustsay，forexample，"I'm（6）.Idon'teatmeat"，or"Idon'teatfish".Noonewillbecross.Ifyouareofferedmorefoodbutcan'teatanymore，justsay，"No，thanks.Itwas（7），butI'vehadenough."Rememberthatitis（8）tosaythatyouenjoyeverydishwhenitisserved，andthatyouhaveenjoyedthefoodattheendofameal.Itissometimesdifficulttoknowwhenthemealis（9）.IfyouareinvitedtodinnerbyWesternfriends，youwillbeexpectedtostayandtalkaroundthedinnertablelongafterthelastdishisserved，soitisnotpoliteifyou（10）assoonasyoufinisheating.Theruleis：Watchtheotherpeople.Doastheydo.（1）A．runningB．playingC．eating（2）A．breakfastB．lunchC．supper（3）A．mealB．filmC．game（4）A．knivesB．spoonsC．chopsticks（5）A．praisedB．allowedC．invited（6）A．fullB．sorryC．tired（7）A．crispyB．sweetC．delicious（8）A．politeB．seriousC．relaxing（9）A．niceB．overC．ready（10）A．leaveB．drinkC．smile10．（2023•蜀山区三模）It'saterriblefeeling.Youfeelsick，（1），andtheroomwon'tstopspinning（旋转）.What'swrongwithyou？Perhapsyouareexperiencingmotionsickness（晕动病）.Motionsickness，alsocalledtravelsickness，isacommonexperience.Dependinghowyou（2），itcanbenamedcarsickness，seasicknessortrainsickness.Youmaygetthefeelingwhenyoutrytoreadabookinacaroronaboat.Even（3）trainhardtofightmotionsicknessbeforeflyingtheplane.Butwhydowegetmotionsickness？Andhowcanwestayawayfromit？Justthink：Whilewe'reina（4）carandreadingabook，oureyesseewearemovingwhenwelookoutofthewindow，butstillwhenweread.Theearshearthecarmoving，yettheskin（皮肤）sayswearesittingdown.Maybeonlythebody（5）movementifthecarturns.Sooursensesarealldisorder，andwestarttofeel（6）.Butherearesomegood（7）tofightmotionsickness.Choosetheseatsfarawayfromthedoororwindowonaplaneortrain.Orwecansitinthefrontofacar.Avoidstandinginthecar，trainorbus.Don'tturnyourheadveryoften.Soyoushouldalways（8）thesamedirectionwhenyou'reinacar.You'dbetter（9）yourbooksathome.Whydon'tsomepeoplegetmotionsickness？（10）arestillworkingonit，buttheythinkgenes（基因）mayplayanimportantpart.（1）A．fullB．tiredC．crowdedD．thirsty（2）A．eatB．prepareC．exerciseD．travel（3）A．patientsB．doctorsC．pilotsD．officers（4）A．cleanB．quietC．movingD．comfortable（5）A．feelsB．smellsC．hearsD．misses（6）A．sickB．wellC．boredD．hungry（7）A．notesB．waysC．inventionsD．chances（8）A．standB．jumpC．faceD．rush（9）A．leaveB．buyC．forceD．hide（10）A．InventorsB．EngineersC．DirectorsD．Scientists

2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（完形填空）：说明文（10题）参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共10小题）1．（2023•包河区一模）Onceuponatime，thereweresixrubbishbins（垃圾桶）.Eachhadadifferentcolourandnamedependingontherubbishinit.Andtheytooktheirjob（1）A.Wheneversomeoneputtherubbishinawrongplace，thebinwouldpassitintothe（2）Conefortheywereverygoodfriends.Thatway，therubbishwasalwayscorrectly（3）Dsothatitcouldberecycledproperly.Often，thecleanerswouldcomealongto（4）Bthem.Andtheywerealwayshappytoseetherightkindof（5）Agoingintotherightrubbishbin.Butafterafewdays，thebinsgotverytiredbecausetheworkwasquite（6）A.Peoplewereusedtothrowingtherubbishwithoutsorting（分类）.Soonthebin"Glass"（7）Bworking.Itspatout（吐出）somethingthatwasn'tglassintothestreet.Then"Plastic"begantoexperiencethesameand"Paper"（8）B.Finally，allthebinsbegantospitoutthewrongrubbish.Oneday，asmartboycalledJackfoundtherubbishonthestreetandwasquicktorealizeitwasallspatoutbytherubbishbins.Hepickedupeachbitofrubbishfromthe（9）Candputitintotherightbinatonce.Thesixbinshopedotherpeoplewould（10）DJackandsortrubbishcarefully.Evenasmallactcouldmaketheplanetabetterplace.（1）A．seriouslyB．loudlyC．secretlyD．nervously（2）A．niceB．nextC．correctD．same（3）A．coveredB．countedC．canceledD．divided（4）A．hideB．emptyC．smellD．burn（5）A．wasteB．medicineC．clothD．wood（6）A．heavyB．lightC．funD．noisy（7）A．continuedB．stoppedC．keptD．enjoyed（8）A．shinedB．followedC．succeededD．refused（9）A．yardB．seaC．groundD．factory（10）A．believeinB．careforC．laughatD．learnfrom【考点】说明文；垃圾分类．【答案】ACDBAABBCD【分析】本文讲的是六个垃圾桶把人们扔的垃圾进行分类，但是时间长了，它们都累了，就把扔错的垃圾吐到地上，一个小男孩发现了，把地上的垃圾捡起来仔细分类，希望大家向小男孩学习。【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：他们认真对待自己的工作。A严肃地；B大声地；C秘密地；D焦虑地。take...seriously"认真对待"。故选A。（2）考查形容词。句意：每当有人把垃圾放在错误的地方，垃圾箱就会把它传递到正确的地方，因为他们是非常好的朋友。A美好的；B下一个的；C正确的；D相同的。根据下一句Thatway，therubbishwasalwayscorrectly（这样，垃圾总是正确地）可知是传到正确的地方。故选C。（3）考查动词。句意：这样，垃圾总是被正确地分类，以便它可以被适当地回收。A覆盖；B数数；C取消；D分开。根据sothatitcouldberecycledproperly（以便它可以被适当地回收）可知垃圾被正确分类。故选D。（4）考查动词。句意：通常，清洁工会来清理它们。A隐藏；B清空；C闻；D燃烧。根据常识可知清洁工会清理垃圾桶。故选B。（5）考查名词。句意：他们总是很高兴看到正确的垃圾进入正确的垃圾桶。A垃圾；B药；C布；D木头。根据上段Thatway，therubbishwasalwayscorrectly（这样，垃圾总是正确地）可知放进垃圾桶的是垃圾。故选A。（6）考查形容词。句意：但几天后，垃圾箱变得很累，因为工作很重。A沉重的；B轻的；C有趣的；D吵闹的。根据下一句Peoplewereusedtothrowingtherubbishwithoutsorting（分类）.（人们习惯于不加分类地乱扔垃圾。）可知人们不分类乱扔垃圾使工作繁重。故选A。（7）考查动词。句意：不久，"玻璃"箱停止了工作。A继续；B停止；C保持；D享受。根据下句Itspatout（吐出）somethingthatwasn'tglassintothestreet.（它把一些不是玻璃的东西吐到了街上。）可知"玻璃"箱不再工作了。故选B。（8）考查动词。句意：。然后"塑料"开始经历同样的事情，"纸"紧随其后。A照耀；B跟随；C成功；D拒绝。根据下一句Finally，allthebinsbegantospitoutthewrongrubbish.（最后，所有的垃圾箱开始吐出错误的垃圾。）可知"纸"箱也随着"玻璃""塑料"一样吐出了扔错的垃圾。故选B。（9）考查名词。句意：他从地上捡起每一点垃圾，并把它放入正确的垃圾箱。A院子；B大海；C地面；D工厂。根据asmartboycalledJackfoundtherubbishonthestreet（一个叫杰克的聪明男孩在街上发现了垃圾）可知垃圾在地上。故选C。（10）考查动词短语。句意：六个垃圾箱希望其他人能向杰克学习，仔细分类垃圾。A相信；B照顾；C嘲笑；D向学习。根据sortrubbishcarefully（仔细分类垃圾）可知向杰克学习分类垃圾。故选D。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。2．（2023•石峰区二模）Manyofusdon'tcaremuchabouteyes.Wewon'tseeanythingwithouteyes.Thatis（1）Cweshouldprotect（保护）oureyes.Naturaleyecareshouldbeputinanumberoneplace.Therearemany（2）Cofpooreyesightlikenoenoughfood，genes（基因）andaging（老化）.Televisions，computersandreadingarealsothereasonsofhavingpooreyesight.Ifyouhappentowork（3）Athecomputer，itisbesttotakearest.Somethingdirtycancauserednessanditwillmakeyoufeeluncomfortable.Itisbadforyoureyes，too.Ifthishappens，thebestwayistocleanyoureyesby（4）Acoldwater.Youmaywearsunglasseswhenyougoout（5）Btheycanprotectyoureyesight.Eatinghealthyfoodswillbe（6）Aforyoureyesight.RememberthatvitaminsA，CandEareusefulforeyes.Trytoeatfoodthathavethesevitamins.Andyoushoulddo（7）Cexercisesbecauseexerciseprotectsyoureyesight，too.Ifapersonexercisesregularly（定期地）andeatstherightkindoffood，hiseyeswillstayingoodcondition（8）Balongtime.Allabovearenatural（9）Bofeyecarethathelpuskeepeyeshealthy.Beinghappyallthetimecanbe（10）Btoone'seyesight，too.Inaword，eyecareisveryimportant，nomatterhowoldapersonis.（1）A．whenB．whatC．why（2）A．problemsB．suggestionsC．reasons（3）A．infrontofB．atthebackofC．inthecenterof（4）A．usingB．drinkingC．getting（5）A．soB．becauseC．and（6）A．goodB．badC．hard（7）A．armB．morningC．eye（8）A．inB．forC．of（9）A．roadsB．waysC．streets（10）A．usefulB．helpfulC．beautiful【考点】说明文；卫生与健康．【答案】CCAABACBBB【分析】本文介绍了保护视力的方法。【解答】（1）考查疑问词。A.什么时候；B.什么；C.为什么。根据Wewon'tseeanythingwithouteyes（没有眼睛我们什么也看不见），可知这是为什么我们应该保护眼睛的原因。故选C。（2）考查名词。A.问题；B.建议；C.原因。根据likenoenoughfood，genes（基因）andaging（老化）.（例如食物不够，基因和老化），可知这写是视力不好的原因。故选C。（3）考查介词短语。A.在前面；B.在后面；C.在中间。根据Ifyouhappentowork...thecomputer（如果刚好你在电脑工作），可知应该是在电脑面前工作。故选A。（4）考查动词。A.使用；B.喝；C.得到。根据thebestwayistocleanyoureyes（最好的办法是清洗你的眼睛），可知应该是用凉水清洗眼睛。故选A。（5）考查连词。A.所以；B.因为；C.和。根据Youmaywearsunglasseswhenyougoout...theycanprotectyoureyesight（你外出的时候可以戴上太阳镜它们可以保护你的视力），可知前后是因果关系，前果后因。故选B。（6）考查形容词。A.好的；B.坏的；C.艰难的。根据Eatinghealthyfoodswillbe...foryoureyesight（吃健康的食品你的视力），可知此处用固定短语begoodfor，表示"对有利"。故选A。（7）考查名词。A.胳膊；B.早上；C.眼睛。根据becauseexerciseprotectsyoureyesight（因为锻炼保护你的视力），可知此处是指做眼保健操。故选C。（8）考查介词。A.在之内；B.时间长达；C的。根据hiseyeswillstayingoodcondition...alongtime（他的眼睛会长期处于健康状态），可知此处用foralongtime，表示"长时间"。故选B。（9）考查名词。A.路；B.方法；C.街道。根据Allabovearenatural...ofeyecarethathelpuskeepeyeshealthy（以上这些是帮我们保持眼睛健康的天然的），可知是保护眼睛健康的方法。故选B。（10）考查形容词。A.有用的；B.有帮助的；C.美丽的。根据Beinghappyallthetimecanbe...toone'seyesight，too（一直快乐对一个人的眼睛也是），可知是有帮助的。故选B。【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。3．（2023•广阳区二模）ThankstoWebster'sDictionaryof1828，spellingisnow（1）BforAmericansthanitusedtobe.NoahWebsterwasproudofbeinganAmerican.TheEnglishsaidtherewasnosuchthingasAmericanlearning.WebstersaidAmericanlearningwasasgoodasEnglishlearning.Itwas（2）Cabitdifferent.ThegreatEnglishdictionaryof1，755was（3）AbySamuelJohnson.Johnsonstandardizedspelling.Thatmeanshegaveonespellingforeachword.Thatwas（4）Dpeopleweresupposedtospellit.Upuntilthattime，mostpeoplespelledwordsanywaythey（5）Cspellingthem.Whenpeoplespellanywaytheywantto，otherpeoplemaynotunderstandwhatiswritten.Ifpeoplespellwordsinthe（6）Away，anybodywhocanreadcanunderstandthem.WebsterusedmostofJohnson'sspellings.HeusedmanyofJohnson's（7）Bforwords.ThatisbecauseAmericansspokeEnglish.Americanslivedinanewcountry.Theyhadnewwords.TherewereIndianwords.TherewereFrenchandSpanishwords.Therewerenewwordsfornewanimals.Webster（8）Bthesenewwordstohisdictionary.Onewordwasskunk（臭鼬）.（9）Dwasapplesauce.TheEnglishcalledthesewords"Americanisms."Websteralsomadespellingeasier.TheEnglishwrote"plough."Websterchangedit（10）C"plow."TheEnglishwrote"colour"and"honour."Websterspelledthewords"color"and"honor."Webster'sDictionaryisstillused.（1）A．harderB．easierC．closerD．fresher（2）A．almostB．everC．justD．yet（3）A．writtenB．sungC．speltD．read（4）A．whatB．whyC．whenD．how（5）A．gaveupB．keptupC．feltlikeD．putoff（6）A．sameB．differentC．necessaryD．primary（7）A．mistakesB．meaningsC．questionsD．discussions（8）A．tookB．addedC．appearedD．tried（9）A．OthersB．OtherC．TheotherD．Another（10）A．withB．underC．intoD．by【考点】说明文；文化．【答案】BCADCABBDC【分析】本文讲述了韦伯斯特在编纂词典过程中所做的贡献。【解答】（1）考查形容词辨析。句意：多亏了1828年的韦伯斯特词典，现在美国人的拼写比以前更容易了。harder更难；easier更容易的；closer更近；fresher更新鲜。根据前文ThankstoWebster'sDictionaryof1828（多亏了1828年的韦氏词典）可知，这本词典使得拼写更容易。故选B。（2）考查副词辨析。句意：只是有点不同。almost几乎；ever曾经；just只是；yet然而。根据前文WebstersaidAmericanlearningwasasgoodasEnglishlearning.（韦伯斯特说美式学习和英式学习一样好。）可知，此处表示只是有一点不同。故选C。（3）考查动词辨析。句意：1755年的伟大英语词典是塞缪尔•约翰逊写的。written写；sung唱；spelt拼写；read读。根据前文ThegreatEnglishdictionaryof1，755（1755年的伟大英语词典）可知，此处是指这本词典是塞缪尔•约翰逊写的。故选A。（4）考查疑问词辨析。句意：这就是人们应该怎么拼写它。what什么；why为什么；when什么时候；how怎么。根据前文Thatmeanshegaveonespellingforeachword.（这意味着他给出了每个单词的一种拼写。）可知，此处是怎么拼写。故选D。（5）考查短语辨析。句意：直到那个时候，大多数人都是按照自己喜欢的方式拼写单词。gaveup放弃；keptup坚持；feltlike想要；putoff推迟。根据后文Whenpeoplespellanywaytheywantto，otherpeoplemaynotunderstandwhatiswritten.（当人们随心所欲地拼写时，其他人可能不理解所写的内容。）可知，是用他们喜欢的方式拼写。故选C。（6）考查形容词辨析。句意：如果人们用同样的方式拼写单词，任何会阅读的人都能理解。same同样的；different不同的；necessary必要的；primary最初的。根据后文anybodywhocanreadcanunderstandthem.（任何识字的人都能理解它们。）可知，是指用同样的方式拼写单词。故选A。（7）考查名词辨析。句意：他用了约翰逊的许多词的意思。mistakes错误；meanings意思；questions问题；discussions讨论。根据前文WebsterusedmostofJohnson'sspellings.（韦伯斯特使用了约翰逊的大部分拼写。）可知，韦伯斯特也用了约翰逊的很多单词的意思。故选B。（8）考查动词辨析。句意：韦伯斯特把这些新词加入了词典。took拿走；added添加；appeared出现；tried尝试。根据前文Theyhadnewwords.TherewereIndianwords.TherewereFrenchandSpanishwords.Therewerenewwordsfornewanimals.（他们有新词。有印第安文字。有法语和西班牙语单词。新的动物有了新的词汇。）可知，韦伯斯特将一些新词加入到词典中。故选B。（9）考查代词辨析。句意：另一个是苹果酱。Others其他的人或物；Other其他的；Theother剩余的全部；Another再一个，又一个。根据前文Onewordwasskunk（臭鼬）.（一个词是臭鼬。）可知，此处是指另一个单词。故选D。（10）考查介词辨析。句意：韦伯斯特把它改成了"plow"。with和……一起；under在……下；into在……里面，转变成；by通过。o..."把……变成……"，固定短语。故选C。【点评】做完形填空时，首先要通读全文，了解文章大意。然后在掌握文章大意的前提下再进行逐句分析，选择答案时要整句分析，这篇文章尤其要注意：在选择答案时要联系上下文，关注时态，语态，搭配及用法等，然后再确定答案。答案全部填完后，要再通读检查一遍，检查所填内容是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。4．（2023•咸丰县模拟）HowareAmericanfamiliesdifferentfromChinesefamilies？Insomeways，AmericanfamiliesareverydifferentfromChineseones，andinotherways，theyare（1）C.Americanfamilies，forexample，enjoyfamilydinners，supportandloveeachotherjustasChinesefamilies（2）A.Thedifferencescomefromculture，however.ManyChinesestudentsare（3）BtolearnthatAmericanteenagersareallowedtomakemanydecisionsontheirown，andthatparentswanttheirchildrento（4）Ahomeateighteen.InmostAmericanfamilies，childrenareencouragedtomaketheirownchoices（5）Cayoungage.Theystartwithsmallchoicesandgradually（6）Aonesuntiltheygraduatefromhighschool.Thatiswhentheyfacethebiggestdecisionoftheirlives：（7）Ctodonext.Parentsandfamilywillhelpwiththechoice，butthechildrenthemselvesmakethefinaldecision.Americans（8）Bmovebackintof