专题41 9BU1-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）

9BU1-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）过单词短语过单词短语Comicstrip&WelcometotheunitTheGreatWallisamazing,isn’tit?【拓展】反义疑问句的几种特殊形式1.)不定代词everyone,someone,somebody,everybody等做陈述句的主语时，附加问句的主语在正式语体中用they.Eg:someonewenthome,didn’the/they?有人回家了不是吗？2.)陈述部分含有never，seldom，no,nothing,nobody,few,little等表示否定意义的词时，反问部分用肯定形式。Eg:YouhaveneverbeentoBeijingbefore,haveyou?Shehasfewclosefriends,doesshe?3.)前面是祈使句，其反义疑问句的表达方式为：

Eg:Let'smeetattheairport,shallwe?Letusgoswimming,willyou?

4.)当陈述句中出现hadbetter时，附加问句用hadn’t.Eg:you’dbetteraskthepoliceman,hadn’tyou?你最好问问警察好不好5.)this,that,something,everything,anything,nothing以及动词不定式（短语）现在分词（短语）等作陈述句的主语时，附加问句的主语长用it.Eg:Thisisn’tagoodbook,isit?Everythingisready,isn’tit?6.)therebe句型中的附加问句用“bethere/benotthere?”Eg:Thereislittlemilkintheglass,isthere?7.)当陈述句部分是“Ithink/believe…+that从句时，附加问句主语和谓语应从句的人称，数和时态保持一致。Eg:Ithinksheisright,isn’tshe?【例题】1.Theoldmancanhardlydresshimself.(改为反意疑问句)Theoldmancanhardlydresshimself,______?2.Jimisill.Let’sgoandseehimafterschool.(改为反意疑问句)Jimisill.Let’sgoandseehimafterschool，__________?3.Thereislittlefruitinthefridge.(改为反意疑问句)Thereislittlefruitinthefridge,________?【答案】canhe;shallwe;isthere2.Itistiringtoclimbthesteps.【解析】tiringadj.使人疲劳的，是人劳累的；修饰物tiredadj.疲劳的，累的，修饰人【拓展】betiredwith…因……而疲劳betiredof…对……感到厌烦3.Iamtakingarest.【解析】此处用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作，即说话前已经计划好的事情。【拓展】英语中一些表示位置移动的动词（如：gocomeleavestayarriveflystartbeginplanmovewalkridedrivetake等）通常用现在进行时表示已经计划好的，将要发生或即将发生的动作。Eg:TheBlacksareleavingforBeijingIhearyouaredrivingtoSuzhouforyourholiday.4.We’dbetterkeepmoving.（1）hadbetter意为“最好”常用来表示对别人的建议和劝告，或表达一种愿望。hadbetterdosth最好做某事/hadbetternotdosth最好不要做某事（2）keepdoingsth“继续做某事,一直做某事”相当于keepondoingsth.【拓展】keepsb.fromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepsb/sthdoingsth使某人或某物一直做某事5.Wakemeuponyourwayback.wakeup是动词+副词词组1)若后面的宾语是名词的话，可放在副词后面，也可放在两词中间；如：putupamap=putamapup2)若宾语是代词（如：it或them）的话，则只能放在动词和副词的中间。如：putituptakethemaway6.Thankyouforyoursuggestion.【解析】(1)Thankyouforsth/doingsth(2)suggestionn.“建议，意见”可数名词【拓展】suggestv.suggeststhtosbsuggestdoingsthadvicen.“建议”不可数名词一条建议apieceofadviceadvisev.建议advisesbtodosth注意：建议某人做某事不能用suggestsbtodosthReading1.InthemiddleoftheancientcityofBeijingisthePalaceMuseum,alsocalledtheForbiddenCity.inthemiddleof“在……中间”即可以用于空间也可以用于时间和活动等。Middle指长形物的中央，道路两侧的中间，或某期间，表示的位置没有center精确只与介词in连用center指圆，球或城市中心，只用于空间，可与介词in或at连用2.TheemperorsoftheMingandQingdynastiesusedtolivethere.【解析】usedtodosth.过去常常做某事e.g.1.Ohboy,Iusedtodosomecrazythings.哦，小家伙！我过去常干些傻事儿。2.Whatdidheusedtodo?他以前经常是做什么的？3.IusedtodoeverydaythingsforChairmanMao.我过去常为主席做些日常事务。【拓展】usedtodo，beusedto(doing)sth，beusedtodo，getusedto(doing)sth的区别①usedtodo，用于过去式，表示过去常常做某事（暗含现在已经不做了）②beusedto+名词或动名词表示“习惯于某事或做某事”，后面的动词须用-ing形式。I’vebecomeusedtohavingfood.我已习惯吃这样的食品。③beusedtodo表示“被用来做某事”，这里beused是被动语态，后面接不定式。Thisroomisusedtostorerice.这间屋是用来存放稻谷的。=4\*GB3④getusedto(doing)sth表示“变得习惯于...”强调习惯做某事这一动作用。3.Itwasturnedintoamuseumin1925.【解析】turnsth.intosth.把…变成…Eg:TurnthesentenceintoEnglish.【拓展】turnon/off/up/downturnto转到，把…转向turnover翻转turnaround转向，转过去takeone’sturn轮流4.Manytouristsliketogatherthereearlyinthemoringtowatchtheraisingofthenatinalflag.许多游客喜欢一大早聚集在哪里观看升旗仪式。【解析】raisingn.升起raisevt.举起，提起（某物）提高；提高（价格等）；养育；筹集，强调依靠外界的力量【拓展】rise&raise区别rise是不及物动词，而arise是及物动词。rise是不及物动词，不用跟宾语，没有被动语态。因此我们说thesunrisesup.太阳升起来了。用的是这个词的主动语态。表示主语本身的动作。raise是及物动词，后面一定要有宾语。Heraisesitup.他把它举起来了。【例句】Thesuitcaseistooheavyformetoraise.这个行李箱太重，我举不起来。Ihavetoraisemyvoicesothateveryonecanhearmeclearly.为了让每个人挺清楚，我不得不提高嗓音。Hewenttoaskforaraise.他要求增加工资。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳东升西落。5.Withwonderfulbuildingsandarttreasuresinside,itiswellworthavisit.【解析】worthadj.beworthsthbe(well)worthdoing注意：worth是表语形容词，不可以作定语。6.Itisoneofthewondersoftheword.【解析】wondern.奇迹v.Iwonderwhatreallyhappened.我想知道究竟出了什么事。adj.wonderful极好的；美妙的7.ItliesonthetwosidesofLijiangRiver.【解析】lie(liedliedlyinglies)说谎；谎言（n.）lie(laylainlyinglies)位于，躺，平放lay(laidlaidlayinglays)放置，下蛋口诀：规则的撒谎，不规则的躺，躺过就下蛋。8.Somehangdown,andotherspointupwards.【解析】hangvt.垂下，悬挂Mymotherhungthewashingonthelinetodry.hangvi.上吊，绞死Hehangedhimselftwohoursafterarrivingatamentalhospital.注意：hang意为垂下，悬挂时其过去式&过去分词分别为hung;hunghang意为上吊，绞死时其过去式&过去分词分别为hanged;hanged9.Guilinisfamousforitsbeautifullandscape.【解析】befamousfor因/以……而著名相当于bewell-knownfor【辨析】befamousfor因/以……而著名/出名/闻名表示人或物之所以闻名的原因例：GongLiisfamousforherfineacting.befamousas以……(身份)而著名as后接表示职业的名词例：QiBaishiwasfamousasanartistintheworld.befamousto对……来说是著名的to后常接人例：Thepopsingerisfamoustotheyoungpeople.10.Youneedtobuyabicycletoridearoundthecountryside.【解析】need实义动词“需要”有人称和时态的变化needtodosth【拓展】need情态动词无人称和数的变化needdoingsth主语是动作的承受者，表示被动的动作，相当于needtobedoneeg:Thebikeneedsrepairing.GrammarThepalaceisaChinesegardenandmainlyincludesahillandalake.【解析】Includevt.其后常跟名词，代词，或动词-ing做宾语。【拓展】includingprep.包括……在内后跟名词/代词构成的介词短语，在句中做状语，对主句做补充说明，一般用逗号与主句隔开。Eg:Therearethirtypeopleinall,includingus.Thelakeisverybig-ittakesupthreequartersofthearea.【解析】占据（空间）占用（时间或精力）Eg:Idon’twanttotakeuptoomuchofyourtime.【拓展】takeaway拿走takeplace发生takeoff起飞；脱掉takeaction采取行动have/takepityon同情Itwasfrozen,sowecouldnotrowaboatthere.【解析】frozenadj.冻结的；结冰的eg:Itwascoldnowandthegroundwasfrozenhard.【拓展】frozev.结冰；凝固freezingn.冰点adj.极冷的；冻结的eg:whenthetemperatureisbelowfreezing,freshwaterwillfreeze.TheexchangestudentsleftforShanghai.【解析】Leavev.动身，离开【拓展】Leavevt.留下；忘带；n.请假，休假Eg:Ileftmykeysathomethismorning.Eg:Youmustaskforleaveifyouhavenotime.注意：把某物留在某地，应用leave不用forget【解析】Leave指“遗忘某物在某地”其后可接地点或场所。Forget意为“忘记，遗忘”主要强调遗忘了某件事或某件东西，其后不接表示地点的状语。Thetrafficisoftenbusy,butpublictransporthereisquitegood,soitiseasyforpeopletogetaround.【解析】traffic不可数名词,意为“交通，路上行驶的车辆”。形容交通拥挤用heavybusybad等词。IntegratedskillsLeaveJapanforanotherAsiacountry【解析】another另一个三者或三者以上的人或事物中的另一个，其后面常跟单数可数名词或代词。【辨析】other/others意思为别的，other+名词相当于others,因前面以提到该名词，所以后面用others代替theother与one连用构成one…theother….theothers“theother+名词相当于theothers意为其余的Lookdown向下看【拓展】Lookout当心，向外看lookup查找，向上看lookthrough/around浏览Lookgoodonsb穿在某人身上看上去不错lookgoodinsth穿……看上去不错Task1…….thesecondlargestpopulationintheworld……【解析】Population意为人口，人口总数。它是集体名词，没有复数形式，不能用数词来修饰，但可以与a/the连用。(1)Population作主语时谓语动词用三单Eg:Thepopulationofthecityisgrowingveryfast.(2)当poupulation前有分数和百分数修饰并且做主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。Twothirdsofthepopulationofthattownareveryrich.(3)表示“人口众多”时习惯上用，large或big表示人口稀少时用small而不用many,much/few,little(4)询问人口多少时，通常用what,不用howmany/howmuch;常用what’sthepopulationof…?(5)表示人口增加或减少时用grow/increase或fall/decrease而不用more/lessEg:By2017thepopulationofthecitywillfallto8,000,000.表示某地有多少人口用：thepopulationof….is…./haveapopulationof… 过语法过语法人称代词it指人it指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如：Isitaboyoragirl?是男孩还是女孩?Thereisaknockonthedoor.Itmustbethepostman.有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’sme。非人称代词it1.基本用法it作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如：Itrainedalldayyesterday.昨天下了一天的雨。2.用于某些句型1）It’stimeforsth.该做某事了。2）It’stimeforsbtodosth.某人该干某事了。3）It’sone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事4）It’sfirst(second)time+that-从句.某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)5）It’s+时间段+since-从句.自从……有一段时间了=Ithasbeen+一段时间+that从句6）It’s+时间段+before-从句.过多长的时间才……7）It’sbelieved/reported/said/considered/that从句引导词it

1.Itis+被强调部分+that...ItwasyesterdaythatImetyourfatherinthestreet．

ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourfatheryesterday．注意：被强调部分为人时，可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that，用that也行。Itwasyourfatherthat/whom/whoImetinthestreetyesterday．

比较：1)Itwasteno'clockwhenwegothomelastnight．我们昨晚到家时已十点了。

2)Itwasatteno'clockthatwegothomelastnight．我们昨晚是在十点到家的。

It的一些习惯用法That’sit.这就对了。Makeit.成功做到。Gotit.明白了。can’thelpit.没有办法。重难点训练重难点训练一、翻译句子1．她常常梦想能观看升国旗仪式。2．你知道哪个国家是世界上第二大人口大国吗?3．我发现和当地人交流很困难。4．南京是一座古城，位于长江两岸。5、这个湖占了这个区域的四分之三。Thislake_______________________________________thearea.6、这家饭店给旅客提供了高水准的服务。Thishotel__________________________________thevisitor.7、据报道，到2016年，印度的人口将超过中国。It’sreportedthat________________________________thatofChinaby2016.8、我认为污染没有我所想象的严重。Idon’tthinkthepollution____________________________________.9、中国是他们参观过的第一个亚洲国家。Chinais_________________________________________.【答案】1．Shealwaysdreamsofwatchingtheraisingofthenationalflag.2．Doyouknowwhichcountryhasthesecondlargestpopulationintheworld?3．Ifoundit(was)hardtocommunicatewiththe1ocalpeople．4．Nanjingisanancientcitywhichliseonbothsides／thetwosides／eithersideof5.takesupthreequartersof6.providesahighlevelof7.thepopulationofIndiawillbelargerthan8.isas/soseriousasIimagined9.thefirstAsiancountrythattheyhavevisited二、动词填空1.Thechildren_______________(fly)kitesonthesquarewhenitbegantorain.2.Weshouldmakecontributionsto_______________(build)ourcountry.3.Listen!Howbeautifulthemusic_______________(sound).4.Nohurry!I_______________(wait)foryouuntilyoufinishdrawingyourpicture.5.Youmustn’ttouchanythinginthelabunlessyou_______________(tell)to.6.Theteacheraswellasthestudents_______________(read)thisbookmanytimes.7.—Doyouknowwhat_______________(cause)himtolosethegame?—Hewasbusydoinghishomework.8.Duringyesterday’svisitinPekingUniversity,we_______________(remind)nottowalkonthegrass.9.Doyouhaveanyproblems_______________(pass)theexam?10.—HaveyouseenthenewestmovieCinderella?—Oh,Ithinkyou_______________(talk)abouttheonewhichisverypopularatpresent.【答案】wereflying2.building3.sounds4.willwait5.aretold6.hasread7.caused8.werereminded9.passing10.aretalking三、根据句意、首字母或中文提示，完成下列句子1．TheLeaningTowerofPisaisoneofthe______(奇迹)oftheworld．2．Youwillbe_____(吸引)bythebeautifuldesignofthebuildings．3．EveryMondaymorning，wewatchthe______(升起)ofthenationalflag．4．OurEnglishteacherhasovertwentyyears’teaching______(经验)．5．Comeandseethebeautifuls______inmyhometown．6．1decidedtoh______acarforthreedaysformyholiday．【答案】wondersattractedraisingexperiencesightshire四、单项填空()1.Themooncakesaredelicious.I’dliketoeat_______thirdonebecause_______secondoneistoosmall.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a()2.—Yourwatchisquitenice.Wheredidyoubuy_______?—InSwiss.Doyouwanttohave_______likethis?A.it;oneB.it;itC.one;itD.one;one()3.—Whyareyouso_______,Lisa?—Oh,it’svery_______toclimbthehillstepbystep.A.tired;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiredD.tiring;tiring()4.It_______thathergrandmadied_______cancer.A.issaid;ofB.issaid;fromC.said;toD.says;for()5.NeilArmstrong,thefirstman_______onthemoon,passedawayonAugust25,2012.A.walkingB.walkedC.towalkD.towalking()6.Inthemiddleofthestudents_______ourmathsteacher.A.isB.areC.beD.tobe()7.Weallthink_______impolitetofool_______littlechildren.A.that;soB.that;suchC.it;soD.it;such()8.Jayisfamous_______asinger_______hissongs.A.as;asB.for;forC.for;asD.as;for()9.Readinginbedisbadforeyes,_______?A.isitB.isn’titC.isreadingD.isn’treading()10._______ofthelandinthatplace_______coveredwithsandandrocks.A.Twofifths;isB.Threeeighth;isC.Threequarters;areD.Twothird;are()11.ThepopulationofChina_______over1.3billionandChinahasabiggerpopulationthan_______intheworld.A.is;anycountryB.is;anyothercountryC.are;theothercountriesD.are;anyothercountries()12.—Whowascallingyou_______thephonejustnow?—_______wasmycousin.A.in;ThisB.on;ThisC.in;ItD.on;It()13.—HowcanIgetonwellwithothers,Mom?—Trytosmiletoothers,boy.Thatwillmake_______much_______.A.them;easierB.them;moreeasyC.it;easyD.it;easier()14.Lookingaround,hefound_______wasnochairintheroomforhimto_______.A.there;sitonitB.it;sitonitC.there;sitonD.it;siton()15.—Excuseme,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.—Sure._______?A.WhathelpB.WhatisthisC.What’sitD.Whatdoyouwant【答案】1-5CABAC6-10ADDBA11-15BDDCC五、完型填空Jenny,fromGermany,spentsometimetravelinginIndia.Whileshewasthere,shestayedwithherIndianfriend,Leela.However,therewasa1barrier(障碍)forherthere.Itwasvery2forhertocommunicateinthenewenvironment,whichwasverydifferentfromthatofherowncountry.Oneday,togetherwithLeela,Jennywentto3anorphanage(孤儿院).Allthechildrentherewereveryyoung.Atfirst,Jennywasnotsureifshecouldhaveawaytocommunicatewiththem.Shewentovertothechildren4andsatbesidethem.Aftersometime,oneofthechildren5ather.Shefeltalittlerelaxedandsmiledback.Thenshewentclosetothechild.Sheslowlyputherarmaroundthechildandstarted6asonginGerman.Thechildkeptsmilingandstartedrepeatingthewordsafterher.Jennysangalittlemoreandthechildfollowedheragain.Wantingtojoininthe7,anotherchildwentuptoJenny-andstartedsinging.Thenmorechildrenjoined.They8manysmilestogether.Fromtheothersideofthehall,Leelawassmilingandwatchingthem.NoticingLeela'seyesonher,Jennyhadan9feelingfromherheart:"See,Idon'thaveanylanguagebarriershere.Wecanspeakandcommunicate!"Atthatmoment,sheunderstood:we'reallsimplehuman,andwehavetheabilityto10witheachother.()l.A.transport B.foodC.language D.tour()2.A.niceB.strange C.lucky D.difficult()3.A.showB.visit C.build D.improve()4.A.slowlyB.early C.hardly D.easily()5.A.movedB.laughedC.shouted D.smiled()6.A.singingB.writingC.saying D.playing()7.A.clubB.talk C.fun D.dance()8.A.forgotB.rememberedC.shared D.missed()9.A.awfulB.excited C.active D.important()10.A.communicateB.laughC.stay D.travel【答案】CDBADACCBA六、阅读理解Ahabitisanyactionthatwehaveperformedsooftenthatitbecomessomethingthatwedoalmostwithoutthinking.Someofthemarethoughttobebadhabits.Peoplespendcountlesshoursanddollarseachyeartryingtogetridof(除去)thesebadhabitsbutoftenfail.Why?Changeishardworkandthereisnoshortcuttoachieveit.However,thereisstillsomeadviceforyoutofollow.First,lookatwhyyoudoit.Inotherwords,what’stheresultofdoingthisthing?Ifyourbadhabitisshoutingatpeoplewhenyouareunhappyorunderpressure,whatdoyougetfromit?Itmaymakeyoufeelalittlebetterforthemoment.Ormaybeyouhaveabadhabitofleavingyourhomeworkundone.Theresultcouldbethatyougetmoretimetospend