Unit1ThemassmediaReading单词课文课件译林版(2020)高中英语选择性

XB2Unit1Reading单词&课文critical

adj.

批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的；严重的→critically

adv.

批判性地；危急地→criticize/criticise

v.

批评，批判(反praise)→critic

n.

批评家→

criticism

n.批评;批判;指责;评论becriticalof...批评...becriticalto...对...至关重要2.trapn.陷阱；圈套；困境；牢笼v.使落入险境；卡住，绊住(trapped-trapped)trappern.捕杀动物者trappedadj.捕获的；陷入困境的trap...in...=betrappedin把..困于...；被困住...；陷入…中betrappedby被...困住trapsb.intodoingsth.诱使某人做某事；使某人陷入圈套3.releasev.发布；释放；松开；发泄n.释放；发行；排放，泄露releasestress释放压力releasesb.from...把某人从……中释放出来beonrelease(电影）已经上映4.4.extendvi.&vt.延伸；扩大；延长；伸展→extensionn.拓展；延伸；扩大→extendedadj.延长了的→

extensiveadj.延长的5.constructionn.建筑，建造；建造物→constructv.建造→constructor

n.建造者→constructiveadj.建设性的;积极的;有助益的underconstruction在建设中aconstructionworker建筑工人“under+n.”相当于进行时的被动语态“正在被......”6.dozenn.许多；一打；十来个adozeneggs一打鸡蛋two/three/fourdozeneggs两/三/四打鸡蛋dozensof（=lotsof）eggs很多，许多鸡蛋7.minoradj.轻微的，次要的

→minorityn.少数，少数民族；未成年反:

majoradj.主要的；严重的；大音阶的；主修的n.少校；主修课程；主修...的学生；大型企业；大联盟v.主修→majorityn.大部分，大多数；多数票；法定成年年龄inthemajority/minority占多/少数8.bath[bɑːθ]n.洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆→bathe[beɪð]v.沐浴；洗澡；清洗；浸泡；游泳；（光线）洒满have/takeabath洗澡bebathedin沐浴在……之下9.screamv.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音

n.尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音→screaminglyadv.极其，非常screamout大声喊screamatsb.朝某人大喊大叫10.barkvi.（狗）吠叫

vt.厉声发令n.（狗）吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮barkout厉声发令；厉声质问barkat对...吠叫 bebarkingupthewrongtree把方法想偏；走错路线Abarkingdogdoesn'tbite!吠犬不咬人11.chokev.（使）哽咽，（尤指感情激动而）说不出话来（choked,choked）chokeon因…而塞息/呼吸困难choketodeath窒息而死chokeoff制止，阻止；压制chokebackone'stears/anger抑制住眼泪/愤怒chokeup（因感情激动而）哽咽；堵塞chokewithsth(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来，使哽咽bechokedupwithsth.被……堵塞Shealmostchokedtodeathinthethicksmoke.她几乎被浓烟呛死。Hisvoicewaschokingwithanger.他气得声音哽咽。cigar

n.雪茄blanket/rug毯子12.automaticadj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的

→automaticallyadv.自动地→

automationn.自动化13.investigatev.侦查，调查；研究→investigativeadj.调查研究的；侦查的→investigationn.调查；审查；调查研究→investigatorn.调查员，侦探investigatesb.调查某人investigateanaccident调查事故investigationof对……的调查underinvestigation正在调查中14.comeabout发生（常和how连用）comeaboutbyaccident偶然发生comeacross偶然遇见，被理解comeafter追查，追赶comealong进展

comeapart破灭

comeoff脱落

comeout出版，出来comeover过来；顺便来访；从远方来cometrue实现；达到；成为现实comeup走近；出现；发生comeupwith提出；想出；找出；赶上whenitcomesto...一谈到……；就……而论（to是介词）takeplace发生15.journalistn.

新闻记者，新闻工作者→journaln.杂志，报纸，日志→journalismn.新闻业，新闻工作→journalisticadj.新闻业的17.contradictvt.相矛盾；反驳→contradictionn.矛盾；否认；反驳→contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的becontradictoryto…与...矛盾incontradictionto同……相矛盾contradictoneself自相矛盾16.priorityn.首要事情，优先权，优先事项；重点；(车辆的)优先通行权prioradj.优先的；占先的；在...之前thefirst/top/mainpriority第一要务/优先事项/首要任务withpriority优先地，着重地givepriorityto

优先考虑……；给……优先权take/havepriorityoversth.优先于……；比……重要/有优先权putsth.onyourlistofpriority把......放入优先名单bepriorto在……之前18.factualadj.事实的，真实的→factuallyadv.真实地；确实地；事实地=infact19.instancen.例子，事例forinstance/example例如，比如inthefirstinstance起初，首先giveaninstanceof举例说明takesth.forexample以……为例asaninstance/example作为一个例子20.differv.相异；意见相左→differentadj.不同的（反similar）→differencen.差异，不同(反similarity）differfrom与……不同；区别于……differin在……方面不同tellthedifference辨别差别makeadifference有意义，起作用makeadifference(to)对……有影响/起作用21.conclusionn.结论，推论;结束，结果；签订，达成→concludev.推断；决定，作结论；结束；达成，订立inconclusion最后，总之cometo/reach/arriveat/drawaconclusion

得出结论leaptotheconclusion(that...)匆忙得出结论(……)leadto/pointtoaconclusionthat...得出……结论bring...toaconclusion使……结束concludewith以……结束conclude...from从……中得出/推断出……concludeanagreement/acontract达成协议/签订合同Itisconcludedthat...断定/推断出……22.falseadj.错误的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的→falselyadv.错误地；虚假地；欺诈地23.bringsth.tolight揭露，披露近义：make...public把……公之于众；揭露……bringabout引起；导致bringup提出；教育；养育；呕吐bring...down降低/打倒…throw/castlighton...阐明，使了解25.minimumn.最小值，最少量pl.minima/minimums

adj.最低的，最小的→minimaladj.最低/小/少的withaminimumeffort以最小的努力reducesth.toaminimum把某事物减至最低限度keepsth.toaminimum把……保持在最低限度aminimumof最低的……absolute/bareminimum绝对/仅够的最少量ata/theminimum最起码，至少，最少theminimumwage/price最低工资/最低价25.maximumn.最大量pl.maxima

adj.最高的，最多的→maximaladj.最大/高的amaximumamount/number最大数额/数量maximumsentence判决/刑;宣判/penalty处罚;惩罚;刑罚/fine罚款;罚金

最高判决/刑罚/罚金amaximumof..……的最大值tothemaximum最大限度地26.sumn.金额，款项;总和，总数；全部→summaryn.摘要，概要adj.概括的，总结性的→

summarizev.概括，概述，总结sumup总结，概括tosumup总之，概括地说（常作插入语）insum总之；总而言之alargesumofmoney一大笔钱thesumof......的和/总数27.accurateadj.正确无误的;精确的→accuratelyadv.正确地；准确地；精确地→accuracyn.正确;准确；精确反义词：inaccurateadj.不精确的；不准确的；有错误的

inaccuracyn.不精确；不准确；有错误beaccuratein在……方面准确fairlyaccurate相当准确tobeaccurate=accuratelyspeaking准确来说28.committedadj.尽心尽力的→commitvt.承诺，保证；犯（罪）；花（钱或时间）

vi.全心全意投入；忠于→commitment

n.献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费；已承诺的事；奉献becommittedto(doing)sth.致力于（做）某事commitoneselftodoingsth致力于、全身心投入做某事

commitsb.todo/doingsth.使某人承担做某事的义务；向某人保证做某事commitacrime犯罪commitsuicide自杀makeacommitment(todo/doingsth.）作出承诺（做某事）makeacommitmenttosb.向某人作出承诺one'scommitmenttosth.某人对某事的承诺29.discriminationn.辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待→discriminatev.区别，辨别；岐视，区别对待→discriminatingadj.有识别力、鉴赏力的；→

discriminatoryadj.歧视的，不公正的withoutdiscrimination没有识别力/鉴赏力discriminationinfavourof偏袒……discriminationagainst歧视……racial/sex/religiousdiscrimination种族/性别/宗教信仰歧视discriminate/tell/distinguishAfromB区别A与Bdiscriminate/tell/distinguishbetweenAandB区别A和B30.curiosityn.好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品→curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地raiseone'scuriosity激起某人的好奇心havethecuriositytodosth.有做某事的好奇心satisfysb.'scuriosity满足某人的好奇心outofcuriosity出于好奇withcuriosity=curiously好奇地Curiositykilledthecat.好奇害死猫【用于告诫别人不要多打听】becuriousabout对……感到好奇becurioustoknow/learn...很想知道/了解…Whattoolsdoyouuseifyouwanttogetthelatestnews?newspapersInternet

cellphone(app)radioTVMassMedia...VideowatchingPrintDigitalStep3:Self-studyClassifytypesofmassmediaWeiboWechatTiktokTVRadioNewspapersAdvertisementsDigitalmedia:Weibo,Wechat,TiktokTV,RadioBroadcastmedia:Printmedia:NewspapersOutdoormedia:AdvertisementsMostofuslearnaboutnewsthroughthemassmedia,butcanwejustbelievenewsasitispresented?Doyoubelieveeverythingyoureadinanewsreport?Ismassmedia

100%reliable?

Famoussaying(P1)Allofuswhoprofessionallyusethemassmediaaretheshapersofsociety.—WilliamBernbach我们所有专业使用大众传媒的人都是社会的塑造者。

——威廉·伯恩巴克该句意在提醒人们关注大众传媒对社会的重要影响。威廉·伯恩巴克，美国著名广告公司DDB创始人、广告创意总监。1911年生于纽约。与DavidOgilvy和LeoBernard被誉为20世纪60年代美国广告“创意革命”的三大旗手之一，是广告文学派的代表，倡导广告创意的先锋。Beacriticalnewsreader.Don’tbeakeyboardwarrior.·Let’sreadthetwonewsreports.Step4:GuidanceandexplorationWhatisthedifferencebetweentheheadlinesofthetwonewsreports?NewsOneNewsTwoFirefightersputouttowerblockfireDeadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamage高层建筑；办公大楼Subject./Maincontent.Adroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorTimePlaceDeathsandinjuriesRescueeffortsCauseNewsreport1SundaynightHendersonTower(1)(2)Newsreport24confirmeddeadanddozensofpeopleinjured(3)Thenumberofdeathcouldreach5

Fireenginesandambulancesarrivedin15minutes,firefightersgotsituationundercontrolaroun11p.m.A1A1Whatarethedifferencesbetweenthetwonewsreports?DifferentemphasesDifferentdetailsDifferentclosingsNews1:rescueeffortsoffirefightersFactualdifferences.Thenumbersofdeathsdiffer:5innews1while9innews2News1:concernNews2:furtherinvestigationNews2:thenumbersofdeathsandinjuriesNewsreportsusuallyPart1:Para..Part2:Paras._____.Part3:Para.______.12-34Therearethree______forthedifferences.1.different______________2.different______________3.different__________________

Wecaninmanyways.comewithdifferencesbecomecriticalnewsreadersreasonsprioritiesstagesapproachinformationSummarizethemainideaofeachparagraphbyfillinginthechart.ReadingnewsreportscriticallyStep6:ConsolidationWeshouldgivethetruthmoretimetoputonitsshoes.Beacriticalnewsreader!10JulyFirefightersputouttowerblockfireFirefightersquicklyputouttheHendersonTowerfirelastnight.Thefire,whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor,spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight,leavingpeopleontheupperfloorstrapped.做一名有判断力的新闻读者！7月10日

消防员扑灭高楼大火

昨晚消防员迅速扑灭了亨德森大楼的大火。周日晚上的这场火灾被认为起于九楼，并迅速蔓延至整栋大楼，导致九楼以上的人被困。Fearsgrewthatthenumberofdeathscouldreach5,accordingtofiguresreleasedbyemergencyservices.Fireenginesandambulances,

calledat9：30p.m.,reachedthescenewithin15minutes.Bythistime,thefirehadextendedtothe15thfloor.Firefightersgotthesituationundercontrol⑨around11p．m.Thereisconcernthattheconstructioncompanythatbuiltthetowerblockhadnotfollowedfiresafetyrules.根据应急服务机构公布的数据，人们更加担心死亡人数可能达到5人。昨晚9点30分，消防车和救护车接到呼叫，并于15分钟内赶到火灾现场。此时火势已蔓延至十六楼。晚上11点左右，消防员控制住了火势。有人担心建造这栋高楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规范。11July

Localnews

A2DeadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamageAterriblefirebrokeoutonSundaynight,leavingtheHendersonTowerseriouslydamaged.Emergencyservicesestimatethatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Bythismorning,4peoplehavebeenconfirmeddead.Thefirehasalsoleftdozensofpeopleinjured,5ofwhomareinacriticalcondition.LisaMayer,29,isamongtheluckyoneswhoonlysufferedminorinjuries.7月11日

当地新闻

第二版高楼致命大火造成严重损失周日晚间突发一场可怕的大火，致使亨德森大楼严重受损。应急服务机构估计死亡人数可能达到9人。截至今天上午，已有4人确认死亡。大火还造成许多人受伤，其中5人伤势严峻。29岁的莉萨·迈耶是只受了轻伤的幸运人士之一。Sherecalled,“IwasabouttohaveabathwhenIheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.Ilookedoutsideandthesmokewaschokingme.Itwaslikeanawfuldream.”MrPeterson,headofthefireservice,confirmsthatadroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorstartedthefireandthattheautomatic

firealarmsdidnotgooff

quicklyenoughtopreventthedisaster.Ateamiscurrently

investigating

theaccidentfurther.她回忆说：“我正要洗澡，就听到有人尖叫，还有狗在叫。我向外看，却被浓烟呛住。这就像一场可怕的梦。”消防队队长彼得森先生证实，一根掉在九楼一块地毯上的烟头引起了火灾，而自动火警报警器没有及时报警，因而导致了灾难的发生。调查组目前正在进一步调查这起事故。ReadingnewsreportscriticallyWerelyonnewstolearn

aboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.However,weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontaindifferentorevencontradictoryinformation.Howdothesedifferencescomeabout?批判性地阅读新闻报道

我们依赖新闻来了解周围的世界正在发生什么事情。然而，我们经常发现，对同一事件的不同报道往往包含不同甚至互相矛盾的信息。这些差异是如何产生的？Itisadvisabletorememberthatjournalists

mayhavedifferentpriorities,whichwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.Let'stakethetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfireasanexample.Wecanseethatthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.明智的做法是记住记者眼中的首要事项可能会有所不同，这会影响他们如何报道一则事件。让我们以这两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道为例。我们可以看到，第一篇新闻报道更关注救援工作，而第二篇谈论更多的则是伤亡情况。Whenwereadmorethanonereport,wecometounderstandaneventinamorecomprehensiveway.Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrombasicallythesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsof

factual

details,aseventsintherealworldareusuallycomplicatedandconstantlychanging.Forinstance,thenumbersofdeathsdiffer

inthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusion

thatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalse

information