初中英语形容词与副词专项讲解与经典练习

初中英语形容词与副词专项讲解与经典练习初中英语形容词与副词专项讲解与经典练习初中英语形容词与副词专项讲解与经典练习资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月初中英语形容词与副词专项讲解与经典练习版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：形容词&副词（学习材料）形容词是用来表示人或事物的属性或特征的词，一般置于所修饰的名词之前。表示行为特征或性状特征的词叫副词，它用来修饰动词，形容词以及其他副词或整个句子。形容词和副词在语法结构中可用于比较级和最高级。一、形容词的用法1.形容词可以修饰名词和代词，在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。例如：Heisagoodactor.他是一名好演员。（定语）Thisbagislight,butthatoneisheavy.这只包很轻，但那只很重。（表语）WethinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.我们认为学好英语很重要。（宾语补足语）2.名词化的形容词某些形容词前加定冠词the,变成名词化的形容词。即“the+形容词”表示一类人或事物，作主语时要求谓语用复数动词。例如：Theoldtodayaretakengoodcareof.如今，老人受到了良好的照顾。Therichdon’tenjoythemselves.那些富人并不快乐。3.形容词的排序a.一般情况下，形容词放在被修饰的名词之前。但是，当形容词修饰由some,any,every,no等构成的复合不定代词时，要后置。例如：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我有重要的事情告诉你。b.当有几个形容词修饰名词时，这些形容词的位置由它们和被修饰名词的关系和密切程度来决定。一般来说，关系最密切的最靠近被修饰的名词，关系较远的离被修饰的名词也较远。例如：Abeautifullittleyellowflowerisonthetable.一朵美丽的小黄花在桌上。二．副词的用法副词是用来修饰动词、形容词以及其他副词的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。在句中常常作状语，也可作定语和表语。1. 频率副词和程度副词有always,usually,quite,almost,nearly。修饰动词时，一般放在助动词、情态动词和系动词之后，实义动词之前。例如：Heusuallygoestoschoolbybike.他通常骑自行车去上学。Theboycanhardlysayaword.那个男孩几乎一言不发。2. 时间副词和地点副词一般放在句尾，如果这两种副词同时出现在句中，则地点副词放在时间副词前面，也可将时间副词放在句首。例如：Theydidhomeworkintheclassroomyesterday.昨天他们在教室里作作业。3. 修饰形容词，一般情况下副词放在前面，但是enough除外。例如：Theseflowersareverybeautiful.这些花很漂亮。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他岁数够大了，可以上学了。三．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成实例规则变化1单音节词尾加-er或-est,例如long-longer-longestclean-cleaner-cleanestfew-fewer-fewestwarm-warmer-warmest2以-e结尾的词只加-r，或-st，例如Nice-nicer-nicestlate-later-latestwide-wider-widest3以辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y为i，再加-er或-est,例如busy-busier-busiestearly-earlier-earliest4以重读闭音节结尾且只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该字母，再加-er或-est,例如fat-fatter-fattestthin-thinner-thinnestred-redder-reddestbig-bigger-biggest5多音节词和部分双音节在其前加more,最高级在其前家most,例如

popular-morepopular-themostpopular(形容词前加the)slowly-moreslowly-mostslowly(副词前不加the)6少数词可有两种变化的方式，例如friendly-friendlier-friendliest或friendly-morefriendly-themostfriendly(该词既可以做形容词也可以做副词)不规则变化1good-better-bestwell-better-best2ill-worse-worstbad/badly-worse-worst3many-more-most4little-less-least5old-older-oldest或old-elder-eldestolder一般指年龄大小elder指长幼关系(一般修饰名词作定语);6far-farther/further-farthest/furthest.farther指距离更远；further指抽像的.备注：最高级前面一般要加the四．形容词变副词许多形容词后加后缀-ly变成副词，如果形容词是以辅音字母加y结尾的话，则先改y为i，然后再加ly.例如quick-quicklystrong-stronglyusual-usuallyheavy-heavilyeasy-easierbusy-busilyangry-angrilybright-brightlywonderful-wonderfullycareful-carefully下面两词的变化稍有不同true-trulyterrible-terribly需要注意的是，某些词本身既可作形容词，也可做副词，这些词有:hard,first,last,slow,fast,early,late,等；另外friendly,ugly,lovely等词虽以-ly结尾，但这些词本身都是形容词。五．含有形容词原级、比较级、最高级的句型级别意义及构成示例原级as+原级+as“与….一样”Thisboxisasheavyasyours.Freshwaterisasdearasoilinthisarea.2.not+so/as+原级+as“与……不一样”Sheisnotasenergeticassheusedtobe.Tom’spronunciationisnotasgoodashissister’s.比较级形容词-er+thanmore+形容词+thanless+形容词+than“比…..更...…”Iamfouryearsoldthanheis.NowwespeakmoreEnglishthanwedidlastterm.Ittakeslesstimetogotherebybusthanbyboat.Theoldmanisn’tinbetterhealthnowthanhewaslastyear.TheSummerPalaceismorebeautifulthananyotherparkinBeijing最高级最高级+in/of…most+形容词+in….least+形容词+of….表示“最…”AutumnisthebestseasoninBeijing.Thisisthemostdifficultofallthebookshere.Thestoryistheleastinterestingofall.Heranmostquicklyintheschoolsportsmeeting.ThisisthemostexcitingmatchI’veeverwatched.有时比较级表达的是最高级的意思Heisquiterthananyotherstudentinclass.Sydneyismorebeautifulthantheothercitiesintheworld.Nohumanbeinghastraveledfartherinspacethanthemoon.WehaveneverdrunkabetterwinethanthisFrenchone.如果有定语从句时，用最高级HeisthekindestpersonIhaveevermet.Thatistheworstfilmtheyhaveeverseen.形容词&副词（课后练习）写出下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1.fine_________________2.quick_________________3.little_________________4.early_________________5.slowly_________________6.well_________________7.interesting_________________8.safe_________________9.bravely_________________10.far_________________11.few_________________12.thin_________________二．用所给词的适当形式填空1.Theboyisthe_________(tall)ofthetwo.2.Itis____________(exciting)totravelbyairthanbysea.3.Theriveristhe_________(deep)ofall.4.Helistenstotheteacher_____________(careful)thanshe.5.Iwrite____________(good)thanyou.答案：一．1.fine–finer–finest2.quick–quicker–quickest3.little–less–least4.early–earlier–earliest5.slowly–moreslowly–mostslowly6.well–better-best7.interesting–moreinteresting–mostinteresting8.safe–safer–safest9.bravely–morebravely–mostbravely10.far–farther–farthest/far–further–furthest11.few–fewer-fewest12.thin–thinner–thinnest二．1.taller2.moreexciting3.deepest4.morecarefully5.better形容词&副词（学习测试卷）将下列形容词变为副词1.quick___________2.easy___________3.true___________4.angry___________5.terrible___________二．写出下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1.nice_________________2.careful_________________3.beautiful_________________4.busy_________________5.hot_________________6.lovely_________________7.old_________________8.bad_________________9.clever_________________10.ill_________________三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Tomisas___________(tall)asJim.2.Thisisthe___________(bad)filmtheyhaveeverseen.3.Maryisfouryears___________(old)thanSerena.4.Thiscountryistwice___________(big)thanthatone.5.Canyoushowmethe___________(near)shophere?

四、选择填空1.Tonyis________ofthetwoboys.A.thetallerB.atallerC.thetallestD.atallest2.Thekindofskirtlooks______andsells_______A.nice,wellB.nice,goodC.well,wellD.good,nice3.—Ifyoudon’tliketheredcoat,howaboutthegreenone?

—OK,butdoyouhave_______sizeingreenThisoneisabitsmallforme.A.abigB.