2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit3Theworldofscience四Writing知识基础练含解析外研版必修第三册

PAGEUnit3Theworldofscience课时作业(四)Writing必备学问基础练进阶训练第一层Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Inanyunsafesituation,simply________(按)thebuttonandahighly­trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.2．Theguardswereorderedto________(放射)onsightanyonetryingtoescape.3．Heisperfectly________(有实力的)offinishingtheworkbyhimself.4．Ihaveno________(欲望)todiscussthematterfurtherwithyou.5．Blindchildrentendtobemore________(被动的)inthisareaofmotordevelopmentthansightedchildren.6．ThebeautyoftheWestLakeisentirely________(无法)expression.7．Inarecentstudy，ProfessorBetsySparrowperformedsome________(试验)．8．Sheissufferingfromphysicaland_________(精神的)illnesses.9．Thiskindofmaterial________(传导)heatwell.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Technologicaladvancesmeanmoreinformationcanbedeliveredonlinerapidlyand____________(flexible)．2．AyearlaterIfoundoutthetrue____________(significant)ofthename.3．Thetestcan____________(accurate)predictwhatabiggerexplosionwoulddo.4．Wereadthe____________(declare)postedontheboard.5．Schoolsaresupposedtoattachmoreimportance____________students'physicaltraining.6．Inthissituation，alivertransplant(肝脏移植)maybetheonlycure____________liverfailure.7．Howmanycars____________(produce)inthefactorysince1990?8．Threenewschools____________(open)inourcityinthepastfiveyears.9．NeitherInorhe____________(be)toblame.10．Shealongwithherfriends,____________(like)shopping.关键实力提升练进阶训练其次层Ⅰ.阅读Someday,umbrellasmaydomorethanjustkeeppeopledry.AresearcherintheNetherlandshasdesignedasimplesensor(传感器)that“listens”torain.Andthatsensorcanturnanumbrellaintoarain­measuringexpert.Toolslikethiscanletanyonegaugetheweather.Thatcanhelpscientistsmakesurethatsatellitesandradar(雷达)systemsthattrackstormsaredoingagoodjob.“Rainradarisabeautifulwayofseeingwhererainfallisupintheair.Butyouneverknowwhereithitstheground，”saysRolfHut.Hedesignedtheumbrellasensor.Researcherswanttoknowhowmuchrainmakesittotheplanet'ssurface.Notallrainthatfallsfromacloudreachestheground.Anditcanbedifficultforradarandsatellitestomeasurethatrain,particularlyincities.Ahostofbigbuildingscanchangehowairandrainmoveduringastorm.“Italsoexplainswhyasingle,expensivesensor—thekindthatmightbefoundatanofficialweatherstation—won'tgiveaccuratecitywidedata，”Hutsays.Butbyputtingalow­costrainmeasuringtoolintopeople'shands,scientistscanlearnmoreabouthowmuchrainfalldiffersintheseandotherhard­to­measureplaces.Ontheinsideoftheumbrellaisasmall,yellowdisk(磁盘).Itistherainfallsensor.ThesensorisattachedtoablackBluetoothheadsetthatsendsthecollecteddatatoasmartphone.Hutcameupwiththeideatostickthesametypeofsensoronanumbrellawhenhewastalkingtokidsaboutscience.Heshowedthemaphotoofapolicemanwhowasholdinganumbrellaandtalkingtoacrowdintoamicrophone.Whynotputthetwotogether?Hethoughtitcouldmakeacoolrainfallsensor.Whenthedataofastormcamethrough,Hutcomparedtheumbrella'snew“ear”forraintoofficialrainmeasuringequipment.Andtohisdelight,hefoundtheumbrella'smeasurementswereprettygood.Hisnextstepistoimprovetheumbrellasensortobemoreaccurate.1．Thepurposeofthispassageisto________.A．promoteauniqueumbrellaB．informusofanewinventionC．makereadersinterestedinscienceD．praisearesearcherforhisinvention2．Theunderlinedword“gauge”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans“________”．A．changeB．controlC．measureD．sense3．Whycanitbehardforofficialweatherstationstomeasuretherainincities?A．Theircollecteddatacannotbesenttosmartphones.B．Theyarelackinginweathermeasuringequipment.C．Rainfalldiffershugelydependingonvariousareas.D．Bigbuildingsinfluencethemoveofairandrain.4.WhatdoweknowaboutHut'snewinvention?A．Hutisnotsatisfiedwithhisnewinventionatall.B．Hut'sinventionissomethingusefulbutexpensive.C．Hutwillpaymoreattentiontotheaccurancyofthesensor.D．ApolicemanintherainhelpedHutwiththeinvention.Ⅱ.七选五Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.__1__.Inthunderstorms,lightningcanstrike(击中)peopleandbuildingsandisverydangerous.Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatreeanddiedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.__2__.Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?Scientistssaythataperson'schancesofbeingstruckbylightningare1in600,000.__3__.Ifyouareindoorsduringathunderstorm：*Stayawayfromanythingthatismetalbecauselightningcancomeintothehousethroughit.*Don'tstandnearthewindows.*Don'ttakeashowerorbath.Lightningcantravelthroughwater.*Neverusethephone.__4__.Ifyouarecaughtinathunderstormoutdoors：*__5__.Ifthere'snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.*Donotgounderatreebecauselightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.*Alsoneveruseacellphone.A．TrytogethomeassoonaspossibleB．GointoanearbybuildingrightawayC．ButitisveryimportantforustolearnaboutlightningD．Infact,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyearE．LightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityouF．Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon'ttakethemseriouslyG．ButyoucanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrulesⅢ.语法填空TwonewsatellitesoftheBeiDouNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem(BDS)1.________(send)intospaceonaLongMarch­3BcarrierrocketfromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCentreinSichuanProvince,Chinaat2：07a.m.onNovember19,2024.ThesatellitesenteredaMediumEarthorbit2.________(safe)morethanthreehourslaterandwillworkwith17otherBDS­3satellitesalreadyinspace.Theyarealsothe42ndand43rd3.________(member)oftheBDSsatellitefamily.Chinalaunchedthesesatelliteswith4.________aimofprovidingnavigationservicesforcountriesandregionswhichparticipateintheBeltandRoadInitiative(倡议)bytheendof2024.“ThisisakeystepforBDSdeveloping5.________aChineseexperimentalsystemtoaregionalandthena6.________(globe)navigationsystem,saidYangChangfeng,chiefdesigneroftheBeiDousystem.“Thepositioning7.________(accurate)oftheBDS­3systemhasbeenimprovedto2.5metresto5metres，”saidYang.8．________(name)aftertheChinesetermforthePlough,theBeiDousystemhasbeenservingChinafor18years9.________anothersixBDS­3satelliteswillbeputintotheMediumEarthorbitfrom2024to2024.Thesystemisexpected10.________(provide)first­classservicesaroundtheglobebytheendof2024.Ⅳ.写作(共两节)第一节应用文写作假定你是光明中学的李华，请依据以下要点向你的美国笔友Tom写一封英文信，介绍你校刚刚建成的试验室和同学们上试验课的状况。内容包括：1.试验室设备齐全、先进；2.老师特别优秀，试验课生动、好玩、有意义；3.同学们动手动脑，主动活跃；视察和实践实力快速提高。留意：1．词数80左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3．可以适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。DearTom，Howareyougoing?NowI'mwritingto________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua其次节概要写作阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Asadultswerealizethattherearedifferencesinvolvingboysandgirls.Onehugedifferencebetweenboysandgirlsismotion(运动).Boystendtomovefromtheminutetheyareborn.Girlswillfocusonaperson'sface,butaboyontheotherhandlikestofocusonmovement.Becauseboysaremorelikelytobeinmotion,theyaremorelikelytoharmthemselves,soIguessboysreallywillbeboys.Itappearsthatgirlsaresmarterthanboyswhenthey'rebabiesandtoddlers(学步的儿童).Evenoncetheystartschool,girlsappeartolearnfaster.Girlsaren'tsmarter;theyjusthavemuchmoreconcentrationwhentheyareyounger.Themotionthatbabyboysshowfrombirthstayswiththemthroughbeingatoddlerandintheirearlyschoolyears.That'swhygirlsseemtohittheirmilestonesquickerthanboys.Boyswillhavemoreconcentrationastheygetolder,andquicklycatchupinthoselaterschoolyears.Theconcentrationfactormightclarifywhyboysappearmuchlessfearfulthangirls.Whenweexplainissuestolittlegirls,theylistenbetter.Andwhenweclarifythingswithgreaterdetails,theyhaveagreaterunderstandingofwhatcouldoccur.Smallboysdon'tfocusasgirls,sotheyaren'tobtainingthefullreasonwhytheyoughtnottodosomething.Duetothelackofinformationtheyappeartotakegreaterrisks.Withallofthatbeingsaid,bearinmindeachboyandeachgirlisuniqueandgoesthroughmanystages.Forinstanceagirlwhoplayedwithtrucksandlovedsports,mightgrowuptobeasupermodelorthenextMarthaStewart.Thelittleboy,whousedtolovetoplaydolls'house,canbecomethebestquarterbackintheNationalFootballLeague,oracorporategiant.Childrengothroughseveralstagesinlife.Encouragethemtobewhotheyareandtrytoridyourselfofwhoyoubelievetheyshouldbe.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课时作业(四)Writing必备学问基础练Ⅰ.单词拼法1．press2.shoot3.capable4.desire5.passive6.beyond7．experiments8.mental9.conductsⅡ.单句语法填空1．flexibly2.significance3.accurately4.declaration5.to6.for7．havebeenproduced8.havebeenopened9.is10.likes关键实力提升练Ⅰ.阅读【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项独创，独创者将能够“听”雨的传感器放入雨伞内，这样这把伞就可以测量降雨量了。1．答案与解析：B考查写作目的。依据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“AresearcherintheNetherlandshasdesignedasimplesensor(传感器)that‘listens'torain”可知，文章主要介绍了一项独创，独创者将能够“听”雨的传感器放入雨伞内，这样这把伞就可以测量降雨量了。2．答案与解析：C考查词义揣测。由第一段中的“thatsensorcanturnanumbrellaintoarain­measuringexpert”可知，这个传感器能将雨伞变成一个测量降雨量的专家，也就是说这样的工具能帮助人们测量天气。故应选C项。3．答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。由第四段中的“Ahostofbigbuildingscanchangehowairandrainmoveduringastorm.”可知，在城市中，大片的高楼能够变更空气和雨的活动。这也就是正式的天气预报站难以精确地测量城市中的降雨量的缘由。4．答案与解析：C考查细微环节理解。由文章最终一句可知，Hut将会改善传感器使其更精准，故C项正确。Ⅱ.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了雷暴的危害以及几条关于削减雷暴损害的平安措施。1．答案与解析：F空处承接上文，依据空前的“Inthespringandsummermonths，thunderstormsarecommon.”可知，在春季和夏季，雷暴是常见的。综合选项可知，F项“因为雷暴时常发生，所以一些人并不重视”入选。F项中的“happenoften”照应上文中的“common”。2．答案与解析：D由上文中的“butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld”可知，但是世界上随时都有将近1800次雷暴发生。而空后及接下来的内容是应对雷暴天气的平安措施，故空处要介绍的是雷暴对人类造成的危害，故D选项入选。3．答案与解析：G空处承上启下，依据下文中介绍削减雷暴损害的平安措施可知，本空引出下文中的措施，故G项“但是通过遵守以下这些平安条例，你可以降低(被闪电击中的)可能性”入选。4．答案与解析：E依据“Neverusethephone.”可知，在雷暴天气时，你在屋内不能用电话，故接下来要说用电话带来的危害。故E项符合语境。5．答案与解析：B依据空后的“Ifthere'snobuildingaround，trytofindalowplacetostayin.”可知，假如旁边没有建筑，那就找个低矮的地方，待在那里。分析选项可知B项承接下文，告知我们在室外遭遇雷暴时，要立刻进入旁边的建筑内。故选B。Ⅲ.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北斗卫星导航系统的信息以及两颗卫星的放射升空让北斗卫星导航系统更加完善。1．答案与解析：weresent考查动词的时态和语态。两颗北斗卫星导航系统的卫星在2024年由长征三号乙运载火箭送入太空。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，send与主语为动宾关系，陈述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态weresent。2．答案与解析：safely考查副词。句意：这两颗卫星三个多小时后胜利进入中地球轨道，并将与其他17颗BDS­3卫星在太空中协同工作。修饰动词应用副词，故用safely。3．答案与解析：members考查名词。句意：它们也是北斗卫星导航系统的第42和第43颗卫星。依据the42ndand43rd可知，本空应用名词复数形式members。4．答案与解析：the考查定冠词。中国放射这些卫星的目的是为加入“一带一路”倡议的国家和地区供应导航服务。withtheaimof意为“目的是……”，故本空应用定冠词the。5．答案与解析：from考查介词。句意：这对于北斗卫星导航系统从中国的一个试验系统发展成为一个区域性的系统，再到全球性的导航系统来说是关键的一步。分析句子可知，此处的结构为“from...to”，故用from。6．答案与解析：global考查形容词。句意：这对于北斗卫星导航系统从中国的一个试验系统发展成为一个区域性的系统，再到全球性的导航系统来说是关键的一步。本空修饰名词system，故应用形容词global“全球的”。7．答案与解析：accuracy考查名词。句意：BDS­3系统的位置精确性已经提高到了2.5米至5米。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，故用名词accuracy“精确性”。8．答案与解析：Named考查非谓语动词。句意：以北斗七星的汉语名称命名的北