高三英语专项练习(完形填空学案含答案)

高三英语专项练习（完形填空）一、为什么学生普遍认为完形填空是一种比较难的题型？1.完型填空是一种综合性很强的题型。它全面考查学生英语基础知识和综合运用语言的能力，其中包括识词能力、阅读能力、理解能力和进行逻辑推理和判断的能力。2.完形填空要求在四个选项中确定一个最佳答案，其他三个是干扰项。这三个干扰项通常不一定是错误的，而是不适合其所在语篇的特定的语言环境。近年高考题中的完形填空题越来越偏重对学生识词能力的考查。学生只有明确每个选项所表达的意义，才能找出最佳的判断。3.完形填空所考查的内容多集中在名词、动词、形容词和副词等实词上。学生选择答案时，要结合文章中出现的具体人物或事件，根据文章所提供的时间、地点和语境去体会人物的动作和情感，只有这样才能作出正确的判断。二、做完形填空应从那几方面入手？1.首先要对文章的语言表达形式和文章的措词与作者的意图有一个全面的了解。有的同学或是急于求成，总想“一步到位”，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读文章不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，没有通览全文就匆匆忙忙边读边填，结果是就句论句，就空填空，无法形成连贯的思路，或是“见木不见林”，导致自己的理解偏离了文章的主旨，欲速则不达。浏览全文是要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who,when,where,what.完形填空命题的原则一般是第一句话不挖空，目的是使读者进入语境；因此要一定认真阅读这句话。例如：DearLaura,Ijustheardyoutellanoldstoryofgivingunselfishloveinyourprogram.Youdoubtedwhethersuchunselfishlovewouldhappenintoday’sworld.Well,I’mheretogiveyou36(hope).(20XX年北京卷)通过文章开头的几句，我们可以对全文的内容做出大致的推断，对全文进行比较准确的定位，即：本文是书信，信的作者写信告诉Laura一个无私奉献的故事，消除她的疑虑，为她开始她的节目一个信心上的支持。Jenkinswasajeweller,whohadmadealargediamondringworth57,000fortheSilkstoneJewelleryShop.从这句话我们可以知道文章的主人公是一个jeweller，而且文章与diamondring有关。Whyisaspaceleftbetweentherailsofarailwaylinewhereonepiecejoinsthenext?这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，文中内容应与热胀冷缩的物理现象有关。Itwasmyunclewhotaughtmehowtobox.这是一个强调句。句子强调了uncle（而非他人）teachmehowtobox.EllaFantwasamiddle-agedladywholivedwithheronlysonJohninasmellhouse.这里应注意对EllaFant的两点描述：一是middle-aged，二是livedwithheronlyson.按照常理，她会对独生子非常钟爱。另外，要给文章进行准确定位，不仅要重视文章的首句，有时还要注意一下文章的结尾，首尾结合起来，对文章的定位会更准确。因为有些文章到最后才点出出乎意料的结局，揭示生活的哲理。只有读懂了故事的结局，吃透了文章深处所含的哲理，我们才能对文章进行准确定位。如：Icalledtheowneroftherestaurantandaskedwhatthemanhad48(wanted).“Well,”hesaid,“thatmanwasadetective.He49(followed)youherebecausehethoughtyouwerethemanhe50(waslookingfor).”“What?”Isaid,showingmy51(surprise).Theownercontinued,“Hecameintothekitchenandshowedmeaphotoofthewantedman.I52(must)sayhelookedverymuchlikeyou!Ofcourse,sinceweknowyou,wetoldhimthathehadmadea53(mistake).”“Well,it’sreally54(lucky)IcametoarestaurantwhereI’mknown,”Isaid.“55(Otherwise),Imighthavebeenintrouble.（20XX年全国卷）文章一开始讲述作者在饭馆里吃饭，发现有人盯梢，作者十分困惑。直到最后，餐馆老板“道破天机”，原来盯梢者是个侦探，他把“我”错当成了罪犯。直到结尾，我们才知道作者是在讲述自己生活中的一场“虚惊”。所以，只要我们抓住文章的主旨大意，围绕着主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会取得事半功倍的效果。抓住了大意，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的题目就会迎刃而解。2.根据故事情节的发展选词，确定所填的词语与文中哪个词有关系以及动作是在什么场合发生的。注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简单地互译命题者深知我们在英语学习过程中的弱点，往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度，考查我们的基本功和灵活运用语言的能力，所以在平常的学习中，要逐渐培养自己的“语感”，不要受母语的影响。“Ithinkit’severyyoungjournalist’s44tobeaforeignreporter,”saysMichaelNicholson,“that’s45youfindtheexcitement.”（20XX年湖北卷）44.A.beliefB.dreamC.dutyD.faith45.A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where仅凭汉语思维，我们可以理解成为一个战地记者是每一个记者的责任，而选duty,而正确的理解应该是他们的梦想。后面一句我们根据汉语思维我们很可能理解为“而这正是你觉得刺激的东西”而错选为“what”,但此处是一个由where引导的定语从句，意思是“在其中你能找到刺激”。3.试填之后将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查。三.具体操作中应注意的问题1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词和句。这些词有时可能是同义词和反义词。例如：1）Traveling_____,todaybecomesyesterday;travellingwest,itistomorrow.A.south B.east C.north D.west这是两个句式相同的并列句，可以根据第二句来确定第一句的内容。yeaterday与tomorrow相对，所填的词应与west相对，因此答案是B。2)Manyoldpeopledon’thavegood______.Theycan’twatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio.A.hearing B.health C.eyesight D.time句中与can’twatchTV信息有关的词是eyesight，因此答案是C。3)Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery,very______.A.deep B.high C.cold D.dangerous.根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案是A.4)Someonehadtakenthe_____diamondandputafaultyoneinitsplace.A.real B.pure C.right D.exact这里连词也表示一定意义的转折，所填的词应与faulty相对，因此答案是A.5)Mrs.O’Neilasked_______questions.andshedidn’tscolduseither.A.no B.certain C.many D.more and是一个并列连词；either为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此答案是A。6(1}thewallet,foundinthestreet,beputintoapocket_____turnedovertothepoliceman?Shouldtheextrachangereceivedatthestorebeforgottenorreturned?1)A.Should B.Must CWould D.Need2)A.and B.or C.then D.but这两个句子句式完全相同，很容易在第二句中找到第一句所缺的词，答案分别为should和or。2.注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如1)Thecity（Washington）wasnamed_________GeorgeWashington,thefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates.A.by B.for C.as D.afterbenamedafter意为“以。。。命名”，答案为D。2）Here’safellowwhojustwalkedintoabankandhelpedhimself_____somuchmoney.A.for B.by C.to D.of表示“自取，随便拿“这个意义的短语是helponeselfto…故答案为C.3)Theycanbuildoyrbodies,preventus________gettingtoofat．A.off B.away C.from D.in短语preventsb.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”.因此答案是C.4)Itwas4o’clockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang.MrsClarkewas______teaatthetime.A.cooking B.making C.burning D.serving“沏茶“的英语表达是maketea，答案为D。5)Itwasn’tlong_________thepolicecaughtthethief.A.before B.since C.until D.when“‘不久”的英语表达是Itisn’tlongbefore….答案为A.6.Behindthedancertherewasawoman________alargediamondring.A.carrying B.dressing C.wearing D.holding表示“穿着。。。带着。。。”用动词wear,答案为C。7.Theyareproperlyguidedtousetheknowledge______________.A.seen B.noticed C.learned D.metknowledge只能通过learn来获得，因此答案为C。3。注意同义词的辨义1）SoonIhearda_______likethatifadoorburstin,andthenaclimboffeet.A.sound B.cry C.voice D.shout选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案为A.2)Theboywas____thewaterandhiscanoewas_______away.1)A.on B.within C.in D.under2)A.running B.floating C.flowing D.pulling这句话描写的是一个孩子落水的情景。考虑到当时的情景，第一空应填in;第二空的选项中B和C容易混淆。float意为漂浮，flow意为“流动”，根据句意，答案应选B。3)”Givemeahand,”heshouted______hegotneartheboat.A.while B.till C.for D.as四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作，常与进行时连用；till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始；for表示的是动作持续了一段时间；as连接的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D.表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。4)Itwasapleasantwayofpassingthetimeforandoldwomanwholived_________.A.lonely B.alone C.away D.busilylonely和alone意义相近。lonely是“孤独”的意思，alone指的是“独自一人的”。这里应选B，意思是“一个人住的老太太。”5)Thebackdoorandthewindowswereallclosedandtherewasno_______offorcedentry.此句意为后门和窗户都锁着，而且也没有破门而入的迹象。scene意思是“风景”，sign的意思为“痕迹”，sight为“景色”因此答案为C。6)Jenkinswasajeweler,whohadmadealargediamondringworth57,000fortheSilkstoneJewelleryshop.WhenIwasready,hemadeacopyofitwhichlookedexactlylikethefirstonebutworthonly2,000.Thishetooktotheshop,which______itwithoutaquestion.从句后的withoutaquestion可以知道，这家商店最终还是收下了，因此应在选项A和B之间进行选择。accept表示主观上接受，receive指客观上的收到.答案应选为A。7)Thereisnothingreallynewabout______inexams.A.lying B.cheating C.guessing D.discussing指“考试中作弊”用cheat,lie指“撒谎”答案应选B8)”Getupearliertomorrow!Anyway,gotoour_____atthecounter.We’llbeopeninginafewminute.A.business B.job C.place D.spot选项C和D都有地点的意思，但place指particularspaceoccupiedbysomeoneorsomething;spot的意思是particularplace.因此答案为C.4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词1)Andvideocamerascanbeusedto_________people’sactionsathome.A.keep B.make C.record D.watch句中动作的发出者是videocamera，因此答案是C，意思是“记录”.2)Thewatch,whichMrsSmithhad________onthetableasshestartedherlecture,disappeared.A.seen B.dropped C.found D.laid从句中可以看出，手表是MrsSmith的，为讲课方便，她把表放在桌上，所以不能选A和C。因此答案是D.3)Whenthepaperswere_________shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadethesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.collected B.completed C.marked D.answered句中she指老师，paper指试卷。老师给试卷打分，因此答案为C.4)Japanisanislandcountryandits1goalloverthePacificlookingforthefishto2.1.A.fishingboats B.lifeboats C.planes D.trains2.A.buy b.catch C.hold D.weigh只有fishingboat能够到太平洋捕鱼，因此空1答案为捕鱼用动词catch,空2答案为B.5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项。1)…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange_______quitepleasanttaste.A.besides B.but C.and D.or句中strange和pleasant两词的词意是矛盾的，所以答案应选转折连词but.2)Atransistorradioissometimesverysmall.Itisveryeasytocarry…______,radiobroadcastsarebetterforblindpeople.A.Besides B.However C.Yet D.Sometimes句子前一部分说的是transistorradio的好处，后一部分还说的是好处。因此答案为A，表示除此之外，还。。。”3)IthasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon,________Istillremembersomethingthathappenedduringthatvisit.A.and B.for C.but D.as根据句前的manyyears和后句的stillremember,答案应选表示转折的连词but.4)Atfirstnothinghappened,suddenlyalargeratrushedoutofthehold…A.then B.and C.or D.so句子开头有Atfirst,后面就应该用then表示时间顺序。5)________solidsexpandmuchlessthanliquidsorgases,thesmallincreasescanadduptoalot…A.Although B.If C.Because D.After这句话的意思是“虽然固体不如液体和气体膨胀得厉害，但把小的量加起来也不小了。”所以应用although来引导这个让步状语从句。6）Theothergirlsrushed1me.Ifelt2.（ashamed）asIfellfartherandfartherbehind.“Hooray!”shoutedthecrowd.Itwastheloudest3Ihadeverheardatameet.Thefirst-placerunnerwastwolapsaheadofmewhenshecrossedthefinishingline.…WhenIfinished,Iheardacheer---4.louderthantheoneI’dheardearlier.1.A.frombehindB.aheadofC.nexttoD.closeto3.A.cheer B.shoutC.cryD.noise6.根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项1)(Immediately,)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothe________hospital.A.animal B.biggest C.plant D.nearest在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D.2)…,You1theinternationaldateline.Byagreement,thisisthepointwhereanewday____2____.1A.cross B.see C.areon D.arestoppedby2.A.iscoming B.begins C.isdiscovered D.isinventedtheinternationalline是”国际日期变更线“，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为A和B.3)“Don’tbeafraid,“hesaidandstartedtoswimtowardstheriverbank,_______theboywithhim.A.pushing B.dragging C.holding D.catching根据下水救人的常识，答案为B。4)Thespaceislefttolettherailexpand(膨胀)whenitgets______.A.hot B.wet C.cold D.dry根据热胀冷缩的原理，答案为A.5)Buttheringhadfallenoffandbeendamagedinthegreat_______ofthefire.A.pile B.heat C.power D.pressure真金不怕火炼，假的宝石戒指被火烧坏了。答案为B.6)Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir_______.A.jobs B.homes C.houses D.offices从earlymorninginsummer和sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly可以得知人们是赶着上班去的；但上班的人们不一定都在office工作，因此答案应选A.7)There,1,350feetabovethestreet,a_______figurewaswalkingonair.A.great B.strange C.public D.tiny从地面看，人在一千多英尺高的地方应该是很小的，答案为D.8)AslavenamedAndroclesonceescapedfromhismasterandfledtotheark _______.Ashewaswanderingaboutthere,hecameuponalion…A.street B.park C.forest D.field根据常识和所提供的选项，能遇到狮子的地方只能是forest.9）Ihadseenanagencyadvertisedinalocalnewspaper.Irushedoutofthe1insearchofit.Iwaswildlyexcited,andas21.A.bedB.houseC.agencyD.office2.A.proudB.pleasedC.nervousD.worried四、练习Ａ.基础练习1.ManyAfricansarevery________andsotheycan’taffordtoeatmuchmeatwiththeircereal.A.healthy B.poor C.rich D.weak2.Thesefloatingthingsarevery______.Itishardtoseethem.A.big B.fast C.small D.dangerous3.Manypeopleknowthattheircompanieswatchthem______work.A.in B.off C.at D.for4.SomepeopleinIndiadonoteatmeatorfish_______.A.afterall B.intheend C.atall D.nolonger5.He1hiswordsbutIdidn’t2himwell.1)A.spoke B.told C.repeated D.shouted2)A.listento B.hear C.remember D.reactto6.Hethenthoughtofgoingoutintothestreettoseewhetherhecouldpassasapolicemanoutthere.Justfor_______,ofcourse.A.joke B.fun C.play D.exercise7.Washington,D.C._______betweenVirginiaandMarylandonthePotomacRiver.A.lays B.lies C.stays D.seats8.Thebrainthenhastodecidewhattodo,and______itsorderstothemusclesofthearms,legs,andsoon.A.send B.sends C.reach D.reaches9.He1losthisjobasapostman2hesentoffallthelettersheshouldhavetakentopeople’shouses.1)A.thus B.even C.once D.only2)A.evenif B.sothat C.because D.though10.Handsup_______getout.A.or B.and C.but D.to11.Theearth______twenty-fourtimezones,onehourapart.A.gives B.isdrawn C.isdivedinto D.shows12.Switzerlandisfamousforitswatches.However,thiscountrydidn’t___1___thewatch.ItwastheBritishwho__2____it.1)A.discover B.sell C.make D.invent2)A.made B.bought C.did D.produced13.Wehadjust____1____toHolliswood,NewYork.Wehadourownhouseforthefirsttime.Ithadsomelandaroundit,even___2____.One,inparticular,wasagreatbluespruce(云杉)thatmusthavebeen40feettall.1）A.come B.left C.got D.moved2) A.yard B.field C.flowers D.trees14.Nowliberaleducationhasagreateffectontheworld.Muchworkhasbeendoneto___1___betterwaysofteaching.Studentsare____2____tohavetheirownthoughtsandtheirownideaswhentheyhavelessons,whichareoftenheldintheformofgroupdiscussions.1)A.master B.find C.make D.hold2)A.ordered B.encouraged C.used D.driven15.Anoldfriendofminefromabroad,whomIwasexpectingtostaywith,telephonedmefrom__1____tellingmethathehadarrived.Iwasstill____2___atthetime,butIhadmadearrangementforhisarrival.1)A.thebusstop B.theairport C.hishome D.apostoffice2)a.atwork B.athome C.havingmylunch D.onmywayhome16.WhenIreturnedtothehotel,Iwas____1____out;butIcouldn’tsleepbecauseI___2___hearingthefireandpolicesirens(警笛)duringthenight.Ilayawakeandthoughtaboutthebigandinterestingcity—NewYork.1)A.given B.let C.worn D.broken2)A.kept B.loved C.enjoyed D.continued1.B2.c3.c.4.c.5c,b6.b7.b8.b9.a,c10.b11.c12.d,c13.d,d14.b,b15.b,a16.c,a英语完形填空练习及答案Janeracedontothetrainplatformandaskedaporter,“IsthisthetraintoRochester?”“Yes,”saidtheporter.“butonlythe…Hey!Wait.”Hewastoo__1__.Janehadracedoff__2___hehadfinishedspeaking.Shehadjust__3___herselfinaseatwhenthetrain__4___outofthestation.Janegotoutherbookandsettleddowntoread.Afteraboutanhourorso,shelooked___5__andglancedoutofthewindow.“That’s__6__.”shethought.“thelandscape(景色)doesn’tlook__7___,anditshould;I’ve__8__thisroutesomanytimes.”Shewasgettingincreasing__9__whenthebig,red-facedconductorwalkedupandaskedforher__10__.Oneglancewasenough.He___11__hisheadinfriendlyreproach(责备)andsaid,“Now,younglady,whatdidyoudoafoolthinglikethatfor?Thisisthe__12___ticket.You__13__havesatatthebackofthetrain.TheRochester-bound(开往)sectionwas__14__atthelaststation.Jane’sfacegrewred.“I’msorry,”shesaid,“IguessIwasintoomuchofa__15__tofindout…”“Well,”saidtheconductor,“don’t__16__.Youshouldn’thavebeeninsuchahurry,butIdaresaywecan__17__youatraingoingintheright__18__atSyracuse.You’llbeacoupleofhourslate__19__,though.”WhenJanefinallysteppedontotheRochesterplatform,hermother__20__uptoher.“Oh,Jane,wehavebeensoworried.Whatonearthhappened?”“Well,Mom,”saidJane,“it’salongstory..”1.A.busyB.earlyC.lateD.quick2.A.whenB.thenC.afterD.before3.A.settledB.tookC.madeD.gave4.A.pushedB.pulledC.leftD.started5.A.aroundB.aboutC.upD.down6.A.excitingB.interestingC.strangeD.right7.A.familiarB.beautifulC.niceD.alike8.A.walkedB.goneC.followedD.traveled9.A.uneasyB.calmC.angryD.unhappy10.A.moneyB.ticketC.bookD.name11.A.putB.shookC.raisedD.nodded12.A.wrongB.usedC.onlyD.right13.A.wouldB.mustC.shouldD.could14.A.joinedB.turnedC.connectedD.separated15.A.hurryB.troubleC.worryD.difficulty16.A.sorryB.worryC.hurryD.regret17.A.makeB.giveC.findD.get18.A.timeB.placeC.stationD.direction19.A.arrivingB.leavingC.goingD.returning20.A.calledB.pickedC.rushedD.pushed1---10CDABCCADAB11---20BACDABCDACB(2011·北京卷）完形填空IusedtohatebeingcalleduponinclassmainlybecauseIdidn’tlikeattentiondrawntomyself.And36otherwiseassigned（指定）aseatbytheteacher,Ialways37tositatthebackoftheclassroom.Allthis38afterIjoinedasportsteam.ItbeganwhenateachersuggestedItryoutforthebasketballteam.AtfirstIthoughtitwasacrazy39becauseIdidn’thaveagoodsenseofbalance,nordidIhavethe40tokeeppacewiththeothersontheteamandtheywouldteaseme.Butfortheteacherwhokeptinsistingonmy“41forit”,Iwouldn’thavedecidedtogiveatry.Gettingupthecouragetogotothetryoutswasonlythe42ofit!WhenIfirststarted43thepracticesessions,Ididn’tevenknowtherulesofthegame,much44whatIwasdoing.SometimesI’dget45andtakeashotatthewrongdirection—whichmademefeelreallystupid.46,Iwasn’ttheonlyone“new”atthegame,soIdecidedto47onlearningthegame,domybestateachpracticesession,andnotbetoohardonmyselfforthethingsIdidn’t48“justyet”.Ipracticedandpracticed.SoonIknewthe49andthe“moves”.Beingpartofateamwasfunandmotivating.Verysoonthecompetitive50inmewaswinningovermylackofconfidence.Withtime,Ilearnedhowtoplayandmadefriendsinthe51Withmy52self-confidencecomesmorepraisefromteachersandclassmates.Ihavegonefrom“53”inthebackoftheclassroomandnotwantingtocallattentiontomyself,54raisingmyhand—evenwhenIsometimeswasn’tandnot100percent55Ihadtherightanswer.NowIhavemoreself-confidenceinmyself.36.A.asB.untilC.unlessD.though37.A.hopedB.agreedC.meantD.chose38.A.continuedB.changedC.settledD.started39.A.ideaB.planC.beliefD.saying40.A.rightB.chanceC.abilityD.patience41.A.goingB.lookingC.cheeringD.applying42.A.pointB.halfC.restD.basis43.A.enjoyingB.preparingC.attendingD.watching44.A.lessB.laterC.worseD.further45.A.committedB.motivatedC.embarrassedD.confused46.A.InterestinglyB.FortunatelyC.ObviouslyD.hopefully47.A.focusB.actC.relyD.try48.A.wantB.doC.supportD.know49.A.stepsB.ordersC.rulesD.games50.A.rolesB.partC.mindD.value51.A.processB.operationC.movementD.situation52.A.expressedB.improvedC.preservedD.recognized53.A.dreamingB.playingC.relaxingD.hiding54.A.byB.forC.withD.to55.A.luckyB.happyC.sureD.satisfied【答案】CDBACABCADBADCBABDDCC(2011·江西卷）完形填空Whatabusyday!Thethreeboyswerefed，bathedandchangedintotheirnightclothes.Maryhad___36___themastoryandfinallytheywereasleep.”Babysitting(照看)thethreeboysagedeight,sixandfourisextremely37,shethought.“Sleep,”sheconsidered,”ifonlyIcould!”Butshehaddifficulthomeworktocomplete.Leanigback,