Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLand词汇讲解课件高中英语人教版选择性

词汇讲解选择性必修二

Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLand单词预习检测——英汉互译1.航空公司n

__________2.古董；古玩n

__________3.令人愉快的；舒适的；礼貌而友善的adj

__________4.

补令人不愉快的；讨厌的；不友善的adj

____________5.起床；起身；起立v__________6.(尺寸、数量、规模、程度等)巨大的

adj

________7.呼吸；气息n

__________8.令某人惊叹_____________________9.风景；景色n

__________10.山峰；山顶n

__________11.最精彩的场面/部分n

__________12.钻（孔）；（在……上）钻孔v

_______13.极冷的；冻僵的______________airlinepleasantunpleasantarisemassivebreathtakesb’sbreathawayantiquescenerypeakhighlightdrillfreezingcold14.(使)结冰；(人)冻僵v

________15.预期；预料v

__________16.束；串n

__________17.一束；一串；一群____________18.打雷；轰隆隆地快速移动v

__________19.

霜；霜冻

n______20.帘；窗帘n

__________21.国界；边界n__________22.bay

n

__________23.

*craft

n___________________24.literally

adv________________________25.

补breathlessadj__________________________26.

补breathtaking

adj

___________________________________freezeanticipate

bunchabunchofthunderfrostcurtainborder湾；海湾手艺；工艺；技艺根据字面意思；真正地气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的激动人心的；惊人的；令人惊叹的27.bound

adj

_______________________________________________28.awesomeadj

___________________________________29.*spectacular

adj

__________________________30.goat

n______31.freezingadj__________________32.*grizzlybear

n

_______33.

*mall

n__________________34.*prairieadj____________35.补anticipationn__________________________36.duration

n_________________37.*harbo(u)r

n_____________38.*enrol(l)

v_______________________39.*quarry

n__________准备/正在到……去的；(车、船等)开往……的令人惊叹的；令人敬畏的；可怕的壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的山羊极冷的；冰冻的灰熊购物中心；商场北美草原预期；预料；期待；期盼持续时间；期间海港；港湾(使)加入；注册；登记采石场重难点词讲解bound名词动词化正式用语breath搭配义搭配义peakfreezearise一词多义一词多义anticipate英语释义根据所给汉语，完成句子。We_________________（起床）earlythismorning.gotup/

arose正式用语1.arise

起床；起身；起立：

ThetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise.Hearosefrom

hisseatwhenheheardhisnamecalled.

（问题或困难）出现；发生；产生：Whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?

Anumberofskyscrapershavearisenwheretherewasafactoryayearago.arisefrom/outof

因……产生；由……引起：Agreatnumberofaccidentsoftenarise

from/outofcarelessness.人“向上立起”构词：a-(向上)+rise(升起)→基本义：向上立起arise

vi【正式用语】课文同义异构：occur,happen问题、困难或新事物等“向上立起”注：日常用语中，表示出现问题或困难出现更常用

comeup。2.breath看图猜义badbreathfreshbreath口臭口气清新breathe

v

(必修一U4)vi&vt

呼吸：Youbreathelesswhenyousleep,soyougetlessoxygen.【常用搭配】breathein

吸气；吸入：

Pleasesitoutsideandbreatheinfreshairforaslongaspossible.breatheout

呼气；呼出：Pleasebreatheoutslowlyandthenholdyourbreath.Humanstakeinoxygenandbreatheoutcarbondioxide.►

breathing

n[U]呼吸【温故】breath

n

n[C]&[U]呼吸；气息：Ifnecessary,justtakeadeepbreathandsmilebeforespeaking.Whenshegetsup,sheoftenstandsout,drawinginabreathoffreshair.

【常用搭配】catchone’sbreath

缓一口气；歇口气draw(a)breath

停下来喘口气holdone’sbreath

屏息；憋住气outofbreath

上气不接下气：Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.【知新】takesb’sbreathaway

令某人惊叹：

TheytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.课文【词汇拓展】►breathlessadj

气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的：Watchinghimclimbupthecliff,everybodywasbreathlesswithanxiety.►

breathlesslyadv

上气不接下气地；气喘吁吁地►

breathtakingadj

激动人心的；惊人的；令人惊叹的同族词：breath,breathless,breathlessly,breathe

(必修一U4),breathing根据所给汉语，完成句子。Somethinggood__________________________（一定会）to

happen

intheendwhenyoudonotgiveup!（2009北京改）iscertain/sure/bound3.boundbound

adj［无比较级和最高级，不用于名词前］

必定的；一定的certaintodosth：(be)boundtodosth:

You’vedonesomuchworkthatyou’reboundtopasstheexam.

准备/正在到……去的；（车、船等）开往……的：

takeacoachboundnorthBombscarewasdeclaredatParisairportaParis-boundplane.(be)boundfor:

WelcometoXI’ANmetro,thistrainisboundforWEIQUNAN.课文

vi

跳跃；跳跃着前进：Pollycameboundingintotheroomexcitedly.

n

［复数］限制范围；界限：Asagoodparkranger,doyouwanttoletthingsgobeyond/withinthebounds?

[C]一跳by/inleapsandbounds

迅速地；突飞猛进地：Herhealthhasimprovedinleapsandboundssincesheleftthehospital.peak

的词源义和基本义是“尖”peak

n[C]

尖形；尖头：Canyouclearlyseethepeaksofaroof?

山峰；山顶：Themountainpeak

istoweringproudlyintotheskies.

［常用单数］高峰；顶峰(height)：

HewaspointedasMayoratthepeakof

hiscareer.Studiesshowyourpaintoleranceisatitspeakinthemiddleoftheday.Trafficreachesitspeak

between7:30and8:30inthemornings.4.peak

词源解读山峰的“尖”物体的“尖”抽象事物的“尖”peakvi达到最高点；达到高峰：

Amongwomen,unhappinesspeakedataroundtheageof40.adj［只用于名词前］高峰（时期）的；巅峰状态的：DefinitelystayawayfrompeakhoursonSaturdayafternoontoavoidbreathinginpoisonousgases.Thenewsprogrammegoesoutfourtimesaweekatpeaktimes.Duringthepeakseason,asingleroomgoesfor50dollarsonanight.名词动词化peak

语义网络图物体的“尖”山峰的“尖”抽象事物的“尖”尖形；尖头山峰；山顶高峰；顶峰尖（基本义）peak5.freeze《冰雪奇缘》（Frozen）是2013年迪士尼出品的3D动画电影，于2013年11月27日在美国上映。该片改编自安徒生童话《白雪皇后》(TheSnowQueen)，讲述小国阿伦黛尔因一个魔咒永远地被冰天雪地覆盖，为了寻回夏天，安娜公主和山民克里斯托夫以及他的驯鹿搭档组队出发，展开一段拯救王国的历险。影片中处处体现“追寻自我”“做回自己”“真情消融冻结的心”等元素，令观众心有触动。freeze的词源义和基本义是“（使）结冰”freeze

v

vi&vt（使）结冰：Thelakewasfrozenover,soit’shardtocatchfishes.Itisacommonsensethatfreshwaterfreezesat0°C.

vi&vt（人）冻僵；（水管、机器等）冻住：Anyonewhofallsintoaleadcanbefrozentodeathinafewminutes.Ourwaterpipesfroze(up)

lastwinterbecausethetemperatureistoolow.freeze

词源解读(使)人或物体“结冰”（使）液体“结冰”

vi（天气）冰冷：Itmayfreezetonight,sobringthoseplantsinside.

vi&vt冷冻；冷藏：Tomatoesdon’tfreezewell.I’llbuyextrameatandjustfreezeit.

vi&vt停住不动tostopmovingsuddenly：

Freeze,orI’llshoot!Thesmilefrozeonhisface.（使）空气“结冰”（使）食物“结冰”（使）身体、笑容等“结冰”（使）结冰（使）结冰基本义（使）液体“结冰”（人）冻僵；（水管、机器等）冻住停住不动（使）身体、笑容等“结冰”（使）人或物体“结冰”freeze语义网络图（天气）冰冷（使）空气“结冰”冷冻；冷藏（使）食物“结冰”【词汇拓展】frozen

adj

结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的：Youmustbefrozen!Comeandsitbythefire.Americansalwaysdrivetosupermarketstobuycannedandfrozenfoodsfortheweek.freezing

adj极冷的；冰冻的extremelycold：

Thetemperatureremainedbelow

freezingpointthroughouttheday.n

[U]冰点：

Thetemperaturesremainedabove/below

freezingallday.adv［非正式用语］极冷地：

Itwasfreezingcoldoutside,soIdidn’twanttogetoutofthecarandjuststayedatthewheel(方向盘)whenwepassedacafe.6.anticipate领导者会提前预测事情并做好准备，而事情发生后再做应对的人注定失败。——托尼·罗宾斯（励志演讲家）anticipate

vt

［正式用语］先于……之前做：DidtheVikingsanticipateColumbusindiscoveringAmerica?

预期；预料toexpectsthwillhappenandbereadyforit：

WhentheyarrivedinCanada,theydidnotanticipateseeing

suchanopencountry.Agoodbusinessmanisabletoanticipatethemarket’sneeds.

期待；期盼（好事）tothinkaboutsththatisgoingtohappen,especiallysthpleasant(lookforwardto)：

TheEuropeansfailedtoanticipatehowthemarketswouldreacttotheirendlessborrowing.构词：anti-(=ante-,before)+cip(totake)+-ate→在……之前抓住→先于……做→预期课文改【词汇拓展】

预期；预料：Heboughtextrafoodinanticipationof

morepeoplecomingthanhehadinvited.Investorswerestoringupalotofcashinanticipationofdisaster.

期待；期盼：ShewaitedineageranticipationforRoberttoarrive.Now,sixcollegestudentstaketheirlastcourseinarcheologyinanticipationforgraduation.anticipation

n[U]名词动词化写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.Greattrucksthunderedpast,showeringherwithgrit,andafiercewindgotupthatmadeherstagger.____________2.Myfridgecannotcoolveryquicklyandthefreezerisfrostingup.MaybeIwillbuyanewfrost-freefridge.__________3.Itsnowedheavilylastnight,soacarhitatreebyaccidentamomentago.

__________

4.SometimesIevenfeltsoproudthattearsraineddownmycheeks.Maybeitwasasenseofachievementthatgrowthhasgiventome.__________5.Mary’sfacecloudedoverwhensheheardthebadnewsabouthermother’soperation.________________英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示天气的名词常可转化为动词。轰隆隆地移动结霜下雪雨点般落下布满云/阴云密布重难点词讲解contraryowe

形容词后缀-y英语释义一词多义分词形容词astonish搭配义根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。We’regoodfriends,butwehave_________________（相反的）viewswhenitcomestoeducation.opposite/contrary7.contrarycontrary

n[C]［常与the连用］相反；反面；对立面：

Contrarytopopularbelief,olderpeoplegenerallydonotwanttolivewiththeirchildren.onthecontrary

正相反；恰恰相反：Brownsaidhewasbynomeansannoyed;onthecontraryhewasgladtobeabletomakehimselfclearlyunderstood.tothecontrary

相反的；相反地：Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothecontrary,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.构词：contra(against与……相反)+-ry(名词后缀)→相反contraryadj相反的；相对的：But,thereareasmallnumberofpeople,whohaveexpressedcontrary

opinions.(be)contraryto:

Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,therearealotofvastandemptyspacesinChina,actually.

Contrary

topopularmyth,womenarenotworsedriversthanmen.Thisviewis

contrary

totheaimsofcriticalsocialresearchforanumberofreasons.课文ItistobooksthatIoweeverythingthatisgoodinme．—Gorky我身上所有优秀的品质都要归功于书籍。——高尔基8.owe马克西姆·高尔基(MaximGorky，1868-1936)，前苏联作家、诗人、评论家、政论家、学者。是社会主义、现实主义文学奠基人，苏联文学的创始人。高尔基自传体三部曲为《童年》《在人间》《我的大学》。他的代表作还有长篇小说《母亲》和剧本《小市民》等。他被授予列宁勋章，成为苏联共产党中央委员会成员。他的诞生地被改名为高尔基市。owe

vt

欠（债）：owesbsth(forsth)

/

owesthtosb(forsth):

Idon’twanttopressthepoint,butyoudooweme$200./Idon’twanttopressthepoint,butyoudoowe$200tome.HowmuchdoIoweyoufortoday’sdinner?owe的词源义是“tohave,own”，引申为“用拥有的去支付或偿还”。其基本义为“应偿还”。owe词源解读

应给予：owesbsth/owesthtosb:

IowehimanapologyforIhavehurthimdeeply./IoweanapologytohimforIhavehurthimdeeply.oweittosbtodosth:

Youoweittoyourselvestostaylonger.

Don’tweoweittoourselvestoatleastgiveourdreamsafairshot?课文

应该把……归功于：owesthtosth:

Hehasagoodhealth,andheowesittohisregularexercise.Theseearlysettlersowedtheirsurvivaltohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.owingto

因为；由于(becauseof)：

Owingtocircumstancesbeyondourcontrol,theflighttoRomehasbeendelayed.owe语义网络图应偿还owe（基本义）“应偿还”金钱“应偿还”解释或歉意等欠（债）应给予“应偿还”事情发生的原因应该把……归功于9.astonishvt

使大为惊讶；使惊骇tosurprisesbverymuch：That’shownatureisalwaysleavingusastonished.【词汇拓展】astonishing

adj

惊人的；令人惊讶的(amazing)

astonished

adj

感到大为惊讶的verysurprised(amazed)：

Standinginthedistance,theywereastoni