专题11 阅读填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（无锡专用）

专题11阅读填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（无锡专用）无锡市历年考情解读知识点名称考察题型具体的考察情况填写标题中空缺的单词阅读填空标题中实词的首字母需大写填写左侧归纳性的单词阅读填空Backgroundinformation；Advantages；Disadvantages；Importantfacts;Introduction;Conclusion;Reasons;Purposes;Beginning;Mainbody等填写右侧细节性的单词阅读填空对应文章中寻找跟空格前后内容有关系的单词进行适当的变形或者同义替换。无锡市中考英语历年（2019-2022）真题展示【2019无锡中考】阅读填空先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） Britonsarewellknownfordrinkingtea.Theaverage(典型的)personintheUKdrinksaround1.9kgofteaeveryyear.That’saround876cupsoftea.Teaisdrunkbyalllevelsofsociety.ButteadoesnotgrowinBritain.MostteagrowsinIndiaandChina.So,howdiditbecomeanimportantpartofBritishculture?TeaarrivedinLondoninthe1600s.Atthistime,BritishshipswereexploringtheworldandcameacrossthedrinkinChina.Itwasnotlongbeforegreenteacouldbeboughtfromthemarket.However,itwasonlyfortherichpeople. Atthebeginningofthe1700s,theamount（数量）ofteaarrivinginBritainincreasedrapidly.Blackteaarrivedatthistime.AtfirstthisteaservedexactlyasitwasinChina.Theysoondiscoveredthatitmixedreallywellwithalittlemilkandsugar,givingthedrinkaspecialBritishcolour.Inthe1800s,teawasstillaproductenjoyedonlybypeoplewithmoney.Atthistimetheybegantohave“afternoontea”.Theydrankteawithasnackaround4pmtoavoidfeelinghungrybetweenlunchanddinner.Itisastillgoingtodaybuthasbecomelesspopularinrecenttimes.Title:52andBritain-ashorthistoryImportantfactsDrinkingteaisanimportantpartofBritishculture.TheaverageBritishdrinksabout1.9kgofteaeveryyear.Teaisnot_____53____intheUK,butmostlyinIndiaandChina.BigeventsBritishshipsdiscoveredteainChinawhileexploringtheworldanditarrivedinLondoninthe1600s.Blackteaarrivedatthebeginningofthe1970sandBritonsfirstdrankitexactlythesamewayasthe54did.Alittlemilkandsugarwerefoundtobeaperfect55forblackteaandaspecialBritishdrinkwasborn.Britonsbegantohave‘afternoontea’inthe1800sandithas56atraditionsincethen.【答案】52.Tea53.grown54.Chinese55.colour56.become【解析】本文介绍了茶是如何成为英国文化的重要组成部分的？英国人以喝茶而闻名。但是茶在英国不生长。大多数茶叶生长在印度和中国。茶在16世纪到达伦敦，在17世纪初，到达英国的茶叶数量迅速增加。在19世纪，英国人开始喝“下午茶”。从那时起，它就成了一种传统。51．Tea考查名词．由第一段Britonsarewellknownfordrinkingtea．可知，英国人以喝茶而闻名．接着本段介绍到，茶叶原产地不在英国，茶叶如何到英国的，在英国有多久的历史了，所以文章就此展开了讨论，所以空处需用单词tea概况文章的主旨大意，标题中实词首字母需大写．故填Tea．52．grown考查过去分词．由第一段ButteadoesnotgrowinBritain．MostteagrowsinIndiaandChina．可知，但是英国不种植茶，大多数茶生长在印度和中国．空处考查了一般现在时态的被动语态，表示茶被种植，所以空处需用grow的过去分词grown．故填grown．53．Chinese考查名词．由倒数第二段Blackteaarrivedatthistime．AtfirstthisteaservedexactlyasitwasinChina．可知，红茶出现在20世纪70年代初，英国人第一次喝红茶的方式和中国人完全一样．空处需用指人的名词作主语，结合inChina可知，此处需用Chinese，表示中国人．故填Chinese．54．colour考查名词。根据Theysoondiscoveredthatitmixedreallywellwithalittlemilkandsugar,givingthedrinkaspecialBritishcolour.他们很快发现，它与少量的牛奶和糖很好地混合，使这种饮料具有英国特有的颜色。可知，本题应该填：colour；句子Alittlemilkandsugarwerefoundtobeaperfect___54___forblackteaandaspecialBritishdrinkwasborn.的意思是：少量的牛奶和糖被发现是红茶的完美颜色，一种特殊的英国饮料诞生了。所以答案为：colour。become考查过去分词。结合短文Atthistimetheybegantohave“afternoontea”这时，他们开始喝“下午茶”。可知是从那以后，它变成了一个传统。因前面有has，故是现在完成时态，故填写become。【2020无锡中考】六、阅读填空先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。Peoplehavebeenusingthewind’senergyforalong,longtime.Morethan5,000yearsago,ancientEgyptiansmadeboatspoweredbythewind.In200B.C.,peopleusedwindmills(风车)inChina.Today,wecollectthewind’senergywithwindturbines(涡轮).Aturbineissimilartoawindmill;itisaverytalltowerwithtwoorthreeblades(叶片)atthetop.Thesebladesareturnedbythewind.Thebladesturnagenerator(发电机)locatedinsidethetower,whichcreatespower.Groupsofwindturbinesareknownaswindfarms.Windfarmscanbefoundnearfarmland,innarrowmountainpasses,andevenintheocean,wheretherearestrongerwinds.Windfarmscreatepowerfornearbyhomes,schoolsandotherbuildings.InplacesliketheMidwestandalongcoasts,windscanprovidecheappower.Anothergreatadvantageofwindpoweristhatitisacleanformofenergy.Windturbinesdonotburnoilorcoalanddonotpollutetheair.Windisnotalwaysanidealsourceofenergy,however.Windspeedchangesfromtimetotime,dependingonthetimeofday,weatherandlocation.Windturbinescanbealsodangerousforbatsandbirds.Theseanimalscannotalwaystellhowfastthebladesaremovingandcrashintothem.Title:___52___EnergyAncienttimes➢PeopleinEgyptmadewind-poweredboats___53___5,000yearsago.➢PeopleinChinausedwindmillsin200B.C.Moderntimes➢Itis___54___withturbines,whicharetallwindmill-liketowerswithtwoorthreebladesatthetopandageneratorinside.➢Thewindturnsthebladesandthebladesturnthegeneratortocreatepower.Advantages➢Windsproducepoweratalow___55___incertainareas.➢Windturbinesdonotcauseairpollution.Disadvantages➢Windspeeddoesnotremainatthesame___56___allthetime.➢Windturbinescanbedangerousforanimalslikebatsandbirds.【答案】52.Wind’s53.over54.collected55.cost56.level【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类从古至今对风能的利用。【52题详解】通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类从古至今对风能的利用。故此处标题为“风能”，且首字母应该大写。故答案为Wind’s。【53题详解】根据原文Morethan5,000yearsago,ancientEgyptiansmadeboatspoweredbythewind可知，5000多年前，古埃及人就制造了风力驱动的船只。故此处说的是5000多年前，古埃及人制造了风力驱动的船只。答案只能填一个词，故答案为over。【54题详解】根据原文Today,wecollectthewind’senergywithwindturbines可知，今天，我们用风力涡轮机收集风能。故此处用被动语态说的是风能被风力涡轮机收集。故答案为collected。【55题详解】根据原文InplacesliketheMidwestandalongcoasts,windscanprovidecheappower可知，在中西部和沿海地区，风能可以提供廉价的电力。故此处说的是在某些地区，风能可以以低成本发电。故答案为cost。【56题详解】根据原文Windspeedchangesfromtimetotime,dependingonthetimeofday,weatherandlocation可知，风速随时间的变化而变化，这取决于一天中的时间、天气和地点。故此处说的是风速并非一直保持在同一水平。故答案为level。【2021无锡中考】七、阅读填空先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。Whenthingsaroundthehousestopworking，whatdoyouusuallydowiththem？Ifyou're

likealotofpeople，youprobablyjustthrowthemaway.

Insomeareas，it'sdifficulttofindpeoplewhocanmakerepairs，andfixingthingscanbequiteexpensive.Also，somesmallobjectsaresoinexpensivethatit'softeneasiertojustbuyanewone.

In2009，MartinePostmafromtheNetherlandsdecidedtheremustbeabetterway.HersolutionwasRepairCafes：placeswherepeoplecantakebrokenitems.Theretheywillfindtools，resourcesandvolunteerexpertswhoarereadytohelpwithrepairs.

Postma'sfirstRepairCafeopenedonOct.18，2009，inAmsterdam，andwasahugesuccess.Newsofthecafespread，andpeoplebeganaskinghowtheycouldstarttheirown.In2011，PostmasetuptheRepairCafeFoundation.Thisnonprofitorganizationprovidesguidancetothosehopingtobegintheirownneighbourhoodrepairgroup.

Today，thereareabout2，000RepairCafesaroundtheworldwithmeetingsusuallytakingplaceonceamonth.Around25objectsarerepairedduringeachmeeting.Everythingisfree，butdonationsaregreatlywelcome.

Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.Neighborsgettoknowoneanotherastheyworktogetheronprojects.Moreover，valuableknowledgeispassedalongandpreserved.Itemsarekeptratherthanthrownaway，meaninglessrubbishinlandfills.

Title：RepairCafesBasic

information➢Thefirst

onewas（52）byMartinePostmainAmsterdamin2009.➢About2，000ofthemhavebeensetupallovertheworld

sofar.➢Repairing

thingsatsuchacafe（53）

nothingbutdonationsarewelcome.（54）➢Theyhelp

improvethe（55）betweenneighbors.➢Theyhelp

passalongandpreservevaluableknowledge.➢Theyhelp（56）theenvironment.【解析】本文主要介绍了一些维修咖啡馆为人们带来便利。（52）opened.考查动词的过去分词。根据第四段Postma'sfirstRepairCafeopenedonOct.18，2009，inAmsterdam，andwasahugesuccess.Postma的第一家修理咖啡馆于2009年10月18日在阿姆斯特丹开业，并取得了巨大的成功，题目中使用同义句，原文的主动语态在题目中变为被动语态，即第一家修理咖啡馆是由Postma开办的，is后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态的谓语动词，故答案为opened.（53）costs.考查动词的第三人称单数形式。根据第五段Everythingisfree，butdonationsaregreatlywelcome.一切都是免费的，但是捐赠很受欢迎，题目中使用同义句，即维修东西不花钱，动名词作主语，一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为costs。（54）Advantages.考查可数名词复数。根据最后一段Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.这些咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务，还加强了社区联系。可知本段主要讲了维修咖啡馆的好处，故答案为Advantages.（55）relationship.考查名词。根据最后一段Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.这些咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务，还加强了社区联系。题目中使用同义句，即它们帮助提升了邻居们之间的关系，故答案为relationship.（56）toprotect.考查动词原形。根据最后一段Itemsarekeptratherthanthrownaway，meaninglessrubbishinlandfills.物品被保存起来，而不是扔掉，这意味着垃圾填埋场的垃圾更少，题目中使用同义句，据此判断它们也帮助保护了环境，help后跟动词不定式，故答案为toprotect.【2022无锡中考】六、阅读填空(本大题共5小题.每小题1分，共5分)先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只能填一个单词。BeginningofSummer,oneoftheChinese24solarterms,usuallyfallseachyearonadaybetweenMay5and7accordingtothecalendar.Forcenturies,peopleoftheBanshanneighbourhoodinHangzhou,Zhejiangholdalotofevents.CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.Aftertheparade,localpeopletakepartinsomeactivitiesatthesquare.Eatingblackrice:AfewdaysbeforeBeginningofSummer,peopleofBanshanbeginbusyingthemselveswithcookingblackrice.Theymixriceandthejuiceoffresh-pickedseabilberryleaves.BlackriceculturestartedfromtheTangDynasty(618-907).Itisbelievedthatchildrenwhoeatblackricewillnotbebittenbyinsectsandwillbefitthewholesummer.Weighingpeople:LocalpeopleofBanshandevelopedtheinterestingtraditionofweighingpeopleonthisdaytocheckthechangesintheirbodyweightoverthepastyear.Peopleofallagestakepartintheactivity.Localsbelievethatpeoplewhoweighthemselvesonthisdaywillnotonlyhavegoodluck,butalsoguardagainstweightlossduringthecomingsummer.Eggfights:Childrenareundoubtedlycrazyaboutthisgame.Withaboiledegg,eachchildtriestobreaktheeggoftheircompetitor.Whoever’seggbreaksfirstistheloser,andneedstoeattheeggasapunishment.Thechampioninthegameisawardedthetitleof“EggKing”.TodaytheseactivitieshavegivenbirthtoaseriesofspecialcustomsinBanshanonBeginningofSummer.Title:TraditionsonBeginningofSummer:ATasteofFoodand____54____Backgroundinformation»BeginningofSummerusuallyfallseachyearonadaybetweenMay5and7.»LocalpeopleintraditionalChineseclothingtakepartinsomeactivitiesto____55____thisday.Specialactivities»Eatingblackricehasalong____56____.Peoplebelieveeatingitkeepschildrensafefromthedangerofinsectbiting.»Weighingpeopleonthisdayis____57____amongpeopleofdifferentages.Bydoingso,theybelievetheywillhavegoodluckandguardagainstweightlossinthecomingsummer.»Eggfightsisagamethatchildrenarecrazyabout.Ifachild____58____thegame,heneedstoeattheegg.【答案】

54.Fun55.celebrate56.history57.popular58.loses【解析】本文主要介绍了立夏节气的时间、活动和饮食等。【54题详解】根据“Forcenturies,peopleoftheBanshanneighbourhoodinHangzhou,Zhejiangholdalotofevents.CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.”和“AfewdaysbeforeBeginningofSummer,peopleofBanshanbeginbusyingthemselveswithcookingblackrice.”可知，在立夏可以品尝美食，享受乐趣。故填Fun。【55题详解】根据“CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.”可知，当地人穿着中国传统服装参加一些活动来庆祝这个节气。空前to为不定式符号，此处使用动词原形，celebrate“庆祝”。故填celebrate。【56题详解】根据“BlackriceculturestartedfromtheTangDynasty(618-907).”可知，吃黑米有着悠久的历史。history“历史”，根据空前a可知，这里填名词单数。故填history。【57题详解】根据“LocalpeopleofBanshandevelopedtheinterestingtraditionofweighingpeopleonthisdaytocheckthechangesintheirbodyweightoverthepastyear.Peopleofallagestakepartintheactivity.”可知，在这一天给不同年龄的人称重，可知这个活动很流行。此处be动词后使用形容词popular“受欢迎的，流行的”。故填popular。【58题详解】根据“Whoever’seggbreaksfirstistheloser,andneedstoeattheeggasapunishment.”可知，输了的人需要吃掉那个鸡蛋，lose“输掉”，achild为主语，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，因此从句使用一般现在时，动词使用第三人称单数，故填loses。考点分析1．直接信息题这类题目要求考生能快速在文章中查找相关细节，锁定信息来源，并用文章中的词来填空。2．信息转换题这类题型无法从原文中找到原词或完全一样的原句，这需要我们对文章进行加工或变通。这些变通大多与语法知识有关，也有些与短语搭配和固定句型有关。3．信息概括题这类题目难度大、要求高、得分低，考生要在透彻理解文章的基础上，根据文中相关信息综合分析后提炼出新词。此类题目主要分为两种类型：(1)总结性词汇。设题大多数情况下是概括文章的标题、段落大意、事件过程、文章的目的、意义以及得出的结论等。解题关键eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①寻找文章或段落的主旨句,②根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西))(2)归纳词。有的题目在原文中可能找不到具体的信息句。这就要求我们首先要确定信息区域，然后对该区域进行认真地分析归纳。解题关键eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①概括性在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息,②针对性量体裁衣，大小适度,③醒目性简洁))解题时应注意的几个问题:1．字母大小写。2．名词的数和格。3．动词的形式。4．形容词、副词的比较级、最高级。5．动词或名词与介词的习惯搭配。6．时态、语态、主谓一致、第三人称等。7．格式一致。表格内容的同一级要用相同的形式。模拟预测（2022年无锡市一模二模）【无锡江阴市2022年中考英语二模试卷】七、阅读填空（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。Thereareseveralfactorsthatmaydecidewhyacountrychoosesaparticularpassportcolour.Thesefactorsincludereligious(宗教的),geographical,historicalorculturalones.Somecountriestrytofitinwithnationsorpoliticalgroupsthey’dliketojoin.Governmentscanchoosetheoveralldesignandcolourfortheirpassportsfromoneofthefourbasiccolors:red,blue,green,orblack.RedPassportsRed,themostcommonpassportcolour,notonlyhasreligiousmeanings,butalsomayhavesomeconnectionswithacountry’shistoryorpolitics.CountriesinNorthernEuropegenerallyholdredpassports.BluePassportsThesecondmostcommonpassportcolourisblue.Traditionally,thecolourblueismeanttorepresentthe“NewWorld”nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania(大洋洲).TheU.S.passporthasbeenbluesince1976.GreenPassportsGreenisthemostcommoncolourofchoiceforArabcountries.Consideredasasignofnatureandlife,itisofgreatimportanceforArabianreligions.ThecitizensofseveralWestAfricancountriesalsohavetraveldocumentsthathavedifferentshadesofgreen,whichmeanstheybelongtotheEconomicCommunityofWestAfricanStates.BlackPassportsBlackpassportsarenotascommonasbrightercolors,thoughdarkshadestendtomakeadocumentlookmoreofficial.Only10countrieshaveblackpassports,allunconnectedwithgeographyorreligion.NewZealand’spassportisblacksinceit’sthecountry’snationalcolour.Inall,thereasonswhypassportsindifferentcolorsoftenhaveimportantanddeepmeaningstoeachgovernment.ABrief___54___ToPassportColoursManyfactorsmaydecidewhatcolouracountrychoosesforitspassport.RedPassports➢Redis___55___withthecountry’sreligionandhistoryorpolitics.➢NorthernEuropeanCountriesgenerallyholdredpassports.BluePassports➢Blue___56___for“NewWorld”nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania.➢TheUSAholdsbluepassports.GreenPassports➢Greenrepresentsnatureandlife,whichisvery___57___forArabianreligions.➢ArabcountriesandsomeWestAfricancountriesholdgreenpassports.BlackPassports➢Blackisthe___58___commoncolourforpassports.➢Only10countriesincludingNewZealandholdblackpassports.【答案】54.Introduction55.connected56.stands57.important58.least【解析】本文主要介绍了世界上有不同颜色的护照，并且介绍了每种颜色背后的意义以及流行程度。【54题详解】通读全文可知文章主要介绍了不同颜色的护照，此处的标题为“护照颜色简介”，introduction“介绍”，标题中首字母需大写。故填Introduction。【55题详解】根据“Red…notonlyhasreligiousmeanings,butalsomayhavesomeconnectionswithacountry’shistoryorpolitics.”可知，红色不仅具有宗教意义，还可能与一个国家的历史或政治有关，beconnectedwith“与……相连/联系”。故填connected。【56题详解】根据“Traditionally,thecolourblueismeanttorepresentthe‘NewWorld’nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania(大洋洲).”可知，蓝色在南北美洲和大洋洲代表着“新世界”国家，standfor“代表”，主语是“Blue”，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填stands。【57题详解】根据“Consideredasasignofnatureandlife,itisofgreatimportanceforArabianreligions.”可知，绿色是自然和生命的象征，对阿拉伯宗教来说很重要。be动词is后接形容词作表语，important“重要的”。故填important。【58题详解】根据“Blackpassportsarenotascommonasbrightercolors”可知，黑色护照不像明亮的颜色那么常见，空前有定冠词the，此处应用形容词的最高级形式，least“最小的，最少的”，theleastcommon“最不常见的”。故填least。【无锡市滨湖区2022年中考英语一模试题】六、阅读填空先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。DurrowScarecrow(稻草人)Festival2022willtakeplacefromJuly24thtoAugust1st!Thewholecityisrunningascarecrowcompetitionandalltheworkswillbeshownduringthefestival.Thatwillbeninefulldaysoffamilyfriendlyfun,alongwithtraditionalgames,andcharitableactivities!Humanshaveusedscarecrowsaroundtheworldforover3,000years.ThefirstrecordeduseofscarecrowswasbytheEgyptianstoprotecttheirwheatfieldsalongtheNileRiver.Scarecrowsweremainlyusedtoscareawayhungrybirds.Nowadays,numerousexcitingandenjoyablescarecrowfestivalsarebornforallthecitizenstoattend.TheEnglandscarecrowfestivalstartedin1994.Amanheldacharitableactivitybyencouragingvillagerstomakescarecrowsdepicting(描绘)theirjobs.Theideaofhomemadescarecrowsarosepeople’sinterest.Later,thefestivalgrewintoEngland’svillagetradition.Everyyearitattractscountlessvisitorsfromallovertheworldtojoininthefun.Thereareoveronehundredlife-sizescarecrowsatthisfestival.Theyaremadeinthetraditionalwaysbythelocals.Youwillfindthescarecrowsplacedthroughoutthevillages.ScarecrowfestivalshelppeoplelettheircreativityoutbyexperiencingDIYwithstraw.Theyalsobecomeatalkingpointforneighbourswhohavenevermeteachotherbefore.Citizensjoininthefunandshowofftheircreativeflair(才华)toeachother.Besides,throughthecompetition,theteamspiritwillbedisplayed.ScarecrowFestivalsBasicInformationDurrowScarecrowFestival2022will____54____forninedays.DurrowScarecrowFestival2022____55____ascarecrowcompetition,traditionalgames,andcharitableactivities.HistoryTheEgyptiansmadescarecrowsto____56____theirfieldsfromhungrybirds3,000yearsago.TheEnglandscarecrowfestivalstartedin1994.Therearemanyscarecrowfestivalsnow,attractingcountlessvisitors.____57____Theyhelpreleasepeople’screativitybyexperiencingDIYwithstraw.Theyhelpimprovethe____58____betweenneighbours.Theyhelpdisplaytheteamspirit.【答案】54.last55.includes56.protect57.Advantages58.relationship【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍稻草人节的相关内容。【54题详解】根据“DurrowScarecrow(稻草人)Festival2022willtakeplacefromJuly24thtoAugust1st!”可知，2022年杜罗稻草人节将于7月24日至8月1日举行，节日持续9天，故填last。【55题详解】根据“Thewholecityisrunningascarecrowcompetitionandalltheworkswillbeshownduringthefestival.Thatwillbeninefulldaysoffamilyfriendlyfun,alongwithtraditionalgames,andcharitableactivities!”可知，整个城市都在举办稻草人比赛，所有的作品都将在节日期间展出，这将是整整九天的家庭友好的乐趣，连同传统游戏，和慈善活动！所以活动包括稻草人比赛、传统游戏和慈善活动。故填includes。【56题详解】根据“Humanshaveusedscarecrowsaroundtheworldforover3,000years.ThefirstrecordeduseofscarecrowswasbytheEgyptianstoprotecttheirwheatfieldsalongtheNileRiver.Scarecrowsweremainlyusedtoscareawayhungrybirds.”可知，人类在世界各地使用稻草人已有3000多年的历史。有记载的首次使用稻草人是埃及人用来保护尼罗河沿岸的麦田。稻草人主要用来吓跑饥饿的鸟儿。所以是用稻草人来保护他们的田地不受饥饿鸟类的伤害。故填protect。【57题详解】根据表格右侧内容可知，介绍的是稻草人节的优点，advantage“优点”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填Advantages。【58题详解】根据“Theyalsobecomeatalkingpointforneighbourswhohavenevermeteachotherbefore.”可知，它们也成为了从未谋面的邻居们的话题。所以稻草人节提升了邻里之间的关系，故填relationship。【无锡市华庄中学2022年中考英语二模试卷】六、阅读填空先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）Overthepastbillionsofyears,manyanimalsandplantshavelivedonthisbeautifulplanet.Butabout99.9percentofthemdiedout.Thisisbecausetheycouldn’tadaptto（适应）wheretheylived.Tosurvive,livingthingsmustchangeovertime.Thisiscalledevolution（进化）.Whenreadingthisarticle,pleaserememberthateveryoneofusisaluckydog.Weevolve,andwesurvive!Afteryearsofevolution,nowwehavetheabilitiestoliveintheworldandenjoyit.Justlikehumans,otheranimalson-Earthalsoevolvegreatabilities.Forexample,giraffesliveonthegrasslandofAfrica.Toadapttolifethere,theyhaveevolvedlongerneckstoreachthehightrees,aswellaslongerlegstorunawayfromlionsandcheetahs（猎豹）.However,evolutionalsogivesgiraffesastrangehabit:Theyonlysleepforabout30minutesadayandlessthan5minutesatime,andtheysleepstanding!Whyaretheysowakeful?Well,that’sbecausetheyaresotall.Theyneedlongertimegettingoffthegroundandrun.Becauseofthisspecialsleepstyle,theywon’tbecomeeasymealsforothers.Asyousee,evolutionisn’talwaysperfect.Ithelpsanimalstolive,butitsometimesalsogivesthemwhattheydon’treallywant.Don’tfeelsorry.It’spartofnaturalselection（选择）.Inordertosurvive,allofthisisnecessary.FactsAboutEvolutionWhyevolutionhappensHumansandotheranimalsonearthneedtoevolvegreatabilitiestoadopttothe____54____.Takegiraffesfor____55____Theyhaveevolvedlongernecksto____56____hightrees,aswellaslongerlegstorunawayfromdangerousanimals.Theyonlysleepforaveryshorttimeandtheysleepstanding,ortheywillbeeatenbyothers____57____.WhetherrevolutionisperfectEvolutionisn’talwaysperfect.Ontheonehand,ithelpsanimalstolive.Ontheotherhand,itsometimescannotjust____58____theirneed.【答案】54.environment55.example56.reach57.easily58.satisfy【解析】本文主要介绍了进化，进化不总是完美的。它有助于动物生存，但是有时也会给它们不想要的东西。【54题详解】根据“Thisisbecausetheycouldn’tadaptto（适应）wheretheylived.Tosurvive,livingthingsmustchangeovertime.Thisiscalledevolution.”可知，人类和地球上的其他动物需要进化出强大的能力来适应环境。故填environment。【55题详解】根据“Forexample,giraffesliveonthegrasslandofAfrica.”可知，这里是拿长颈鹿作为例子，take…forexample表示“拿……作为例子”。故填example。【56题详解】根据“Toadapttolifethere,theyhaveevolvedlongerneckstoreachthehightrees”可知，它们进化出了更长的脖子以达到高大的树木。故填reach。

【57题详解】根据“Theyonlysleepforabout30minutesadayandlessthan5minutesatime,andtheysleepstanding!Whyaretheysowakeful?Well,that’sbecausetheyaresotall.Theyneedlongertimegettingoffthegroundandrun.Becauseofthisspecialsleepstyle,theywon’tbecomeeasymealsforothers.”可知，它们只睡很短的时间，站着睡觉，否则很容易被别的动物吃掉。副词“easily”修饰动词“eat”。故填easily。【58题详解】根据“Ithelpsanimalstolive,butitsometimesalsogivesthemwhattheydon’treallywant.”可知，不能满足他们，satisfy意为“满足”，can后跟动词原形。故填satisfy。【无锡市惠山区八校2022年中考英语一模试题】七、阅读填空（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）Scientistsarenotaloneinthefightagainstthevirus,asvariousproductsandappsaregivingthemahand.Herearesomeexamples.Drones(无人机)Droneshaveplayedamajorroleindisinfection(消毒).Policeofficersalsousethemtospreadthelatestinformation.What'smore,theyusedronestoremindpeopletowearmasksorwarnthemnottogatherinlargegroups.RobotsRobotsaregoodhelpersonthefrontlines.Theydomanytasksinhospitals,includingsendingmedicineormeals,doingdisinfectionandmeasuringpatients'bodytemperature.Thisnotonlygreatlyreducestheburdenformedicalworkers,butalsopreventsthecross-infection(交叉感染).Mini-programmesDifferentmini-programmes,orappsthatyoudon'tneedtodownloadbutcanuseonWechat,havealsocometohelp.Forexample,youcancheckwhetheryouhaveunknowinglytravelledalongsideinfectedpatients.Communityworkerscancollectinformationaboutpeoplemoreeasilywiththehelpofmini-programmes.HealthQRcodes(健康码)Peopleinmorethan100citiescangettheirownhealthQRcodesbyapplyingthroughAlipayorWechat.Thisway,theydon'thavetofillininformationliketheirnames,agesandlivingaddressesoverandoveragainwhentheyenterpublicplaces.Title:___74___JoinstheFightDrones＞Theyplayamajorroleindisinfection.＞Theyareusedbypoliceofficerstotellpeople___75___todo.Robots＞Theyhelpmedicalworkersdomuchwork.＞Theyhelpreducethe___76___ofcross-infection.Mini-programmes＞Theyareusedtocheckifthereareanyinfectedpatientsnearyou.＞Theymakeit___77___forcommunityworkerstocollectinformation.HealthQRcodesByapplyinghealthQRcodes,peopledon'thavetofillintheir___78___informationoverandoveragainwhenenteringpublicplaces.【答案】74.Technology75.what76.risk/possibility77.easier78.personal【解析】在抗击病毒的战斗中，科学家并不是唯一一个参与到对抗病毒的斗争中来的人，各种科技产品和应用程序都在帮助他们。本篇介绍无人机、机器人、微型程序、健康QR代码等各种科技产品和应用程序在对抗病毒中的作用。【74题详解】根据文中“Scientistsarenotaloneinthefightagainstthevirus,asvariousproductsandappsaregivingthemahandDrones…Robots…Mini-programmes…HealthQRcodes”无人机、机器人、微型程序、健康QR代码等各种科技产品和应用程序都在帮助科学家对抗病毒；由此推断空格处指科技产品加入到对抗病毒的斗争中；空格是句子的主语，判断填名词，technology科技，名词，故答案为Technology。【75题详解】判断空格填疑问词，与不定式构成“疑问词+不定式”结构做动词宾语；根据第二段“What'smore,theyusedronestoremindpeopletowearmasksorwarnthemnottogatherinlargegroups.”可知无人机提醒人们戴口罩或警告他们不要聚集在一个大的群体，即告诉人们该做什么；故答案为what。【76题详解】空格在定冠词后面，判断填名词；根据第三段“Thisnotonlygreatlyreducestheburdenformedicalworkers,butalsopreventsthecross-infection”这不仅大大减轻了医务人员的负担，而且防止了交叉感染，即降低交叉感染的风险/可能；risk风险，名词；possibility可能，名词；故答案为risk/possibility【77题详解】makesth+adj使……状态，由此判断空格填形容词；根据第四段“Communityworkerscancollectinformationaboutpeoplemoreeasilywiththehelpofmini-programmes”社区工作者可以通过小型项目更容易地收集人们的信息，由此可知空格指小程序使社区工作者更容易收集信息；easier更容易，形容词比较级；故答案为easier。【78题详解】空格在形容词性物主代词后面，判断填名词；根据第五段“Thisway,theydon'thavetofillininformationliketheirnames,agesandlivingaddressesoverandoveragainwhentheyenterpublicplaces”他们进入公共场所时就不必一遍又一遍地填写姓名、年龄和居住地址等信息，可知空格处指人们不必一遍又一遍地填写个人信息；personal个人的，形容词；故答案为personal。【点睛】本篇为任务型阅读，完成表格。要求在理解文本信息的基础上，根据材料提供的直接信息或推理、提炼后的间接信息完成题目要求的任务。解答时要通读全文，在原文中定位空格前后的关键词，确定空格缺的信息；再根据语法（词性、时态、单复数、主宾格等）、固定搭配、日常用语、语境等，确定空格的正确形式。题1是句子的主语，填名词；题2、4根据固定搭配“疑问词+不定式”和makesth+adj解答；解答完，要复读文章，结合题意和文后提供的任务信息，认真核实任务以保证答题正确。【无锡市蠡园中学2022年中考英语二模试卷】六、阅读填空（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卷对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。Mostofushaveneverthoughtaboutbuildinganeducationaltoybyourselves.Ifweneedalearningtoyorsomething,wesimplygototheneareststoreandbuyit.However,thingsarenotaseasyinthirdworldcountries.Withfamiliesevenhavingnofoodtoputonthetable,buyingtoys,especiallytheeducationalones,isthelastthingontheparents’minds.Sohowcanonegetthesekidsinterestedinscience?ThiswasaquestionthatworriedtheIndianengineerArvindGuptasomuchthathedecidedtogiveupagoodjobandspendhislifemakingtoysfromthingsthatpeoplenolongerwantorneed!Mr.Guptabeganteachinginthe1970s.WhilestillanengineeringstudentattheIndianCollegeofTechnology,hevolu