压轴题12 非谓语动词（原卷版）-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练（江苏专用）

压轴题12非谓语动词考向一：动词不定式考向二：动名词非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。构成：to+动词原形动词不定式作用：作除谓语外的任何成分构成：v-.ing/v.-ed(规则动词)动词的非谓语形式分词作用：表、定、状、补构成：v.-ing动名词作用：主、宾、表、定1.动词不定式1.1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“notto+动词原形”。例It'simportantnottobelateforclass.上课不迟到是非常重要的。1.2.动词不定式的功能（1)动词不定式作状语。作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。例WeneedmoremoneytoimprovetransportinLondon.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况。（2)动词不定式作主语。常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置。常用句型为“Itis+adj.+(of/forsb.)todosth.”。例It'snoteasytofindyourwayaroundthetown.在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。（3)动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：wouldlike/wantto想要agreeto同意affordto负担得起hope/wishto希望decideto决定promiseto承诺continueto继续expectto期望refuseto拒绝（4)动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词：tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事warnsb.todosth.警告某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事（5)动词不定式作定语。作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语。例Ican'tthinkofanygoodadvicetogiveher.我想不出任何好的建议给她。（6)动词不定式作表语。常放于be动词后。例Myjobistolookafterthebaby.我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。1.3.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。Ididn'tknowhowtogetbacktothevillage.我不知道怎样回到村子。1.4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构hadbetterdosth.最好做某事wouldratherdosth.宁愿做某事cannotbutdosth.只好做某事Why(not)dosth.?为什么（不）做某事？2.动名词句子成分用法例句作主语单个动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，常用的句型结构有：Itisnouse（good）+v.ing.Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。Itisnousearguingagain.再去争吵也没有用。作表语放在系动词后面作表语Herjobislookingafterthechildren.她的工作是照顾这些小孩子。作宾语用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语的词有：avoid,finish,consider,giveup,cannothelp,allow,imagine,include,keep,mind,practice,suggest，succeedin,beusedtodo,lookforwardto,enjoy,bebusyNomatterwhathappened,Iwon’tgiveupachievingmydream.不管发生了什么事情，我都不会放弃去实现我的梦想。作定语用于名词前，起修饰说明作用Thereisaswimmingpoolinherhome.她家有个游泳池。【特例清单】1.英语中一些词后常跟动名词作宾语。初中阶段这类词有：finish(完成),mind(介意),beworth(值得),bebusy(忙于),practice(练习),havefun(玩得高兴),feellike(想要),beusedto(习惯于),consider(考虑),enjoy(喜欢)2.主语+be+happy(glad,pleased,angry,sorry,careful,ready等)+todosth.例：I’mgladtoseeyouagain.我很高兴再次见到你。I’msorrytohearthat.听到这个消息我感到遗憾。3.几组动词接不定式及动名词辨析(1)stopdoing/stoptodostopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事(2)forgetdoing/forgettodoforgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(事情已做)forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事(事情没做)(3)rememberdoing/remembertodorememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(事情已做)remembertodosth.记着去做某事(事情没做)(4)trydoing/trytodotrydoingsth.尝试着去做某事trytodosth.设法或努力去做某事(5)goondoing/goontodogoondoingsth.继续不停地做同一件事情goontodosth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事(6)allowdoingsth./allowsb.todosth.allowdoingsth.允许做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事(7)regretdoing/regrettodoregretdoingsth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔(已做)regrettodosth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)(8)meandoing/meantodomeandoingsth.意味着做某事meantodosth.打算、想做某事1．（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）GoodnewscomesthatChinahassentShenzhouXIVtospace________theunknownworld.A．explore B．explored C．exploring D．toexplore2．（2017·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）Dianausedto________towork,butnowsheisusedto________becausetheroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.A．drive;walk B．drive;walking C．driving;walk D．driving;walking3．（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）Weshouldhaveahealthydiet,properexerciseandenoughsleep_______fit.A．keeping B．tokeep C．keep D．kept4．（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）Thehighschoolinvitedafamousscientist_____atalkonWorldEarthDay.A．giving B．togive C．give D．given5．（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—MissLi,canyoutellmehowtoimprovemywritingskills?—Certainly.Iadviseyou________adiaryinEnglisheveryday.A．tokeep B．keeping C．kept D．keeps6．（2022·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）________thepeoplelockedinside,thefiremenbrokedownthedoor.A．Reach B．Toreach C．Reaching D．Toreaching7．（2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）Welearned________toworkasateambycompletingthetask.A．what B．which C．how D．who8．（2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）Kitty,thesebooksare________heavyforyou________carry.Letmehelpyou.A．as…as B．too…to C．such…that D．so…that9．（2017·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）Theresearchhedevoteshimselfto________thefarmershaveabetterharvestisveryimportant.A．helping B．tohelp C．help D．helped10．（2021·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）—Chinaisgettingbetterandbetteratmakinghightechnologyproducts.—That’sright.Peoplearoundtheworldcanhardlyavoid________theseproductsmadeinChina.A．tobuy B．nottobuy C．buying D．notbuying11．（2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题）Thecommunityworkerispatientenough________totheoldhowtouseHealthCode(码).A．explain B．explains C．toexplain D．explaining12．（2021·江苏常州·统考中考真题）—MyfamilywillgoonatriptoBeijingthissummer,butwehaven’tdecided________.—Whynottakethehigh-speedrailway?A．whentoleave B．howtogetthere C．whichhoteltochoose D．howlongtostaythere13．（2021·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）Thepolicemantoldthechildren________intheriver.It’stoodangerous!A．tonotswim B．nottoswim C．notswim D．notswimming14．（2023·江苏扬州·统考一模）Itdoesn’ttakemuch________thewatersupplysystemofyourhome.A．improve B．toimprove C．improving D．toimproving15．（2023·江苏盐城·统考一模）________ourdream,weshouldworkhardandnevergiveup.A．Achieve B．Achieved C．Achieving D．Toachieve16．（2022·江苏苏州·校考一模）Hedevotedwhathepaidattention________itpossibleforwomen________bettereducation.A．tomaking;toreceive B．tomaking;toreceiving C．totomaking;toreceive D．totomaking;receive17．（2023·江苏扬州·统考一模）ChinahasworkedwithAfricancountries________climatechangeandprotecttheenvironment.A．fight B．tofight C．fighting D．fought18．（2022·江苏镇江·校联考一模）—WhatshouldIdo________stupidmistakesintheChineseexam?—Readtheinstructionscarefullybeforeansweringthequestions.A．avoidmake B．toavoidmake C．avoidmaking D．toavoidmaking19．（2023·江苏连云港·模拟预测）Ifyouwant________yourpronunciation,keepon________everyday.A．improve,topractice B．improved,practicingC．improving,topractice. D．toimprove,practicing20．（2023·江苏扬州·校考一模）Thecareerhedevotedhimselfto________him________bypeopleallovertheworld.A．made;remembered B．making;rememberC．making;wasremembered D．made;toremember21．（2022·江苏镇江·校联考一模）________withgasolinecars,electriccarsaremoreenergysaving,makingthemcheapertooperate.A．Compared B．Tocompare C．Comparing D．Compare22．（2023·江苏南京·模拟预测）Accordingtomyparents,doingchores(做家务)enablesme________thefamilyresponsibilitybetter.A．understand B．understanding C．understood D．tounderstand23．（2023·江苏无锡·模拟预测）________theenvironment,everyoneshouldplayapartinit.A．Save B．Tosave C．Saving D．Saved24．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）Whenhismothercamebackhome,hestopped________TVandwenttothestudy.A．towatch B．watched C．watch D．watching25．（2023春·江苏扬州·九年级校考阶段练习）Theyconsidered________acomputer,whichwasconsidered________greathelpintheirwork.A．tobuy;tobe B．buying;beingof C．buying;being D．buying;tobeof26．（2023春·江苏南通·九年级校考阶段练习）Armstrongbecameinterestedin________eversincehetookhisfirst________attheageofsix.A．fly;flying B．flight;fly C．flying;flight D．flight;flying27．（2023春·江苏南通·九年级校考阶段练习）________onMarshavetowearspecialboots________themselvesheavier.A．Human,tomake B．Humans,tomakeC．Human,make D．Humans,making28．（2023春·江苏南通·九年级南通田家炳中学校考阶段练习）—WhichdoesyourbestfriendKittyenjoy________hersparetime,dancingorshopping?—Er,itdepends.A．spending B．tospend C．spend D．spends29．（2023春·江苏常州·九年级校考阶段练习）Oh,justimagine!Howgreatitis________robots________alltheworkforushumanbeings!A．have;todo B．tohave;do C．having;do D．had;todo30．（2023春·江苏常州·九年级校考阶段练习）—Tom,whydidyouhaveameetingyesterday?—________abetterwaytohavetheserobots________.A．Find;fixed B．Tofind;repaired C．Finding;fix D．Found;repair31．（2023春·江苏淮安·九年级江苏省清江中学校考阶段练习）Thegirlseemedtoobusy________forhertest________hermotherentertheroom.A．preparing;tonotice B．toprepare;tonoticeC．preparing;noticing D．toprepare;noticing32．（2023春·江苏淮安·九年级江苏省清江中学校考阶段练习）Weshouldspendasmuchtimeaswecan________English.A．read B．toread C．reading D．haveread33．（2023春·江苏淮安·九年级江苏省清江中学校考阶段练习）Theboyisoftenseen________inthemusicroom.A．singing B．sang C．tosing D．sings34．（2023春·江苏淮安·九年级江苏省清江中学校考阶段练习）“Look!Thereisaman________Wushuneartheriver.”“Wow!It’smyteacher,MrWu.”A．practise B．practises C．practising D．practised35．（2023春·江苏淮安·九年级江苏省清江中学校考阶段练习）Itriedtomakethebaby________bysinging,anditworkedatlast.A．stoptocry B．stopcrying C．tostoptocry D．tostopcrying36．（2023春·江苏宿迁·九年级沭阳县怀文中学校考阶段练习）—Idon’tknow________forthebirthdayparty.—Youlooksogoodnow.IthinkthepinkT-shirt________thegreyjeansverywell.A．whattowear;matches B．howtowear;matchesC．whattowear;fits D．howtowear;fits37．（2023春·江苏·九年级校联考阶段练习）Mymomadvisesme________tonsofexercises,butmyfathersuggestsreadingmoretoopenmyeyes.A．todo B．doing C．do D．does38．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）—It’snoteasyforastronautstocarryouttasksinouterspace.—That’strue.Manyproblemsshouldbepaidattentionto________success.A．toachieve B．achieving C．achieved D．achieve39．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）Inhisfreetime,helikestravelingaround,________hisdiscoveriesonthephone.A．recording B．torecord C．recorded D．records40．（2023春·江苏苏州·九年级统考阶段练习）Shehasdevotedmostofherlife________pollutionfromthefactorynearby.A．toprevent B．prevent C．preventing D．topreventing41．（2023春·江苏泰州·九年级校联考阶段练习）Seeingtheirteacher________intotheclassroom,theystopped________atonce.A．walking,totalk B．walk,telling C．walk,totell D．walking,talking42．（2023·江苏淮安·校考一模）WhatsportdoesZhongNanshanenjoy________himlookstrong?A．tomake B．make C．making D．made43．（2023春·江苏扬州·九年级校联考阶段练习）Allstaffareadvised__