浙江省台州市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末质量评估英语试题 含解析

台州市2021学年第一学期高一年级期末质量评估试题英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。第Ⅰ卷1至9页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Fromwhomdidthemangetthestone?A.Hisuncle.B.Alocalvillager.C.Thewoman.2.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Thelightistoobright.B.Shemightbecomeblind.C.Themanisgettingunhealthy.3.Howmanyclassesisthewomantakingthisweek?A.Two.B.Six.C.Nine.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Teachingthewomantoread.B.Testingthewoman’seyesight.C.Buyingthewomanapairofglasses5.Whatdoyouthinkofthewoman?A.Sheisclever.B.Sheiscurious.C.Sheiswarm-hearted.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmanyboxeswillthewomanmail?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.InChicago.B.InMemphis.C.InLosAngeles.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthetopicoftheconversation?A.Afishingtrip.B.Asailingrace.C.Aswimmingexperience.9.Whathappenedtoanotherboatinthegroup?A.Itsank.B.Itlandedintime.C.Itturnedover.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheman’ssuggestiononlisteningtooldsongs?A.Skippingthemeaning.B.Focusingonthewords.C.Payingattentiontothemusic.11.Whoisthesingerofthesong?A.Bob.B.Greg.C.Anna.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesong?A.It’ssilly.B.It’sdifficult.C.It’spowerful.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJacobandManuel?A.Cousins.B.Uncleandnephew.C.Teacherandstudent.14.WhatistheagedifferencebetweenManuelandJacob?A.They’redaysapart.B.They’reyearsapart.C.They’remonthsapart.15.HowoldwasManuel’sgrandmotherwhenJacobwasborn?A.43yearsold.B.22yearsold.C.21yearsold.16.WhatdoweknowaboutManuelandJacob?A.Theyhavethesamefamilyname.B.Theyalwaysmadethesamefriends.C.Theybothhaveaninterestinscience.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendidthespeakerstartridinghorses?A.At7yearsold.B.At8yearsold.C.At12yearsold.18.Howdidthewomanreacttoherfallatthefirstlesson?A.Shecried.B.Shelaughed.C.Sheshoutedatthehorse.19.Whatdidthespeakerlikemostaboutthecompetitions?A.Goingfast.B.Doingfancymoves.C.Jumpinghigh.20.Whydidthespeakerstoptakingherlessons?A.Shefoundanotherhobby.B.Shedidn’tlikecompetinganymore.C.Shedidn’tagreewithhernewcoach.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2.5分，满分35分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt’stimetofastenyourseatbeltandhittheroadforflight-freetravel.WetakethescenicroutesalongfourofEurope’sfinestroadtrips.1.TheNational7Route:Paris—SaintTropezDistance:600milesJourneyfromtheCityofLovetotheFrenchRivierawillleadyouthroughthehometownofCocoChanel.PassthroughBurgundy,theRhonevalleyandFrenchProvencalecountrysidefamousfortheirvineyards,beforegettingclosetothegoldenshoresoftheCoted’Azur.Werecommendsparingyourselvesatleastoneweektoexperiencethetripyou’reunlikelytoforget.2.TheGrandTourofCataloniaRoute:Barcelona—BarcelonaDistance:1,242milesTheGrandTourisajourneythatpresentsthevisitorswiththeart,history,landscapeandrichcultureofCatalonia.InthebeatingheartofBarcelona,comeupontheartisticheritageofCaundiandDali.Justafewofthehighlights(最精彩的部分)alongtherouteincludeMontserrat,TarragonaandCapdeCreusNaturalPark,tonamejustafew.3.Road-TrippingalongtheRhineRoute:Dusseldorf—MainzDistance:146milesEnjoyatasteofGermanonajourneyalongthescenicbanksoftheRhineValley.MeettheimpressiveriversidecitiesofDusseldorf,ColoneandBonnandvastfieldsthataregrownsomeofGermany’sfinestwineproducinggrapes.Werecommendallowingaboutoneweektocompletethejourneyataleisurelypace.4.TheGrandTourofSwitzerlandRoute:Zurich-ZurichDistance:1,000milesTheGrandTourofSwitzerlandcrossesfivemountainpasses,containing12UNESCOWorldHeritageSites.Bestenjoyovertwoweeks.FromthelowlandofLakeMaggioretotheheightsoftheFurkaPass,thischallengingvoyageisonlypossiblebetweenthemonthsofAprilandOctober.Frommountainvillagestoculturalheritage,glacierstohistoriccastles,thisroutepromisesanincomparableconcentrationofallkindsofattractions.1.Whichroutebestsuitsartlovers?A.TheNational7. B.TheGrandTourofCatalonia.C.Road-TrippingalongtheRhine. D.TheGrandTourofSwitzerland.2.WhatcanvisitorsseeonbothRoute1andRoute3?A.Valleyviews. B.Riversidecities.C.Goldenshores. D.ClassicGermantowns.3.WhichofthefollowinghighlightsRoute4?A.Uniquevillagelife. B.Richculturalexperiences.C.Differentmountainviews. D.Varioustypesofattractions.4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducescenicspots. B.Tosharetravelexperiences.C.Torecommendtravelroutes. D.Toexplainthereasonsfortravelling.【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四条风景优美的欧洲旅游路线。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据TheGrandTourofCatalonia部分的“TheGrandTourisajourneythatpresentsthevisitorswiththeart,history,landscapeandrichcultureofCatalonia.InthebeatingheartofBarcelona,comeupontheartisticheritageofCaundiandDali.(TheGrandTour是向游客展示加泰罗尼亚艺术、历史、风景和丰富文化的旅程。在巴塞罗那跳动的心脏，来到卡隆迪和达利的艺术遗产。)”可知，TheGrandTourofCatalonia这条线路最适合艺术爱好者，有许多艺术中心和遗产。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据1.TheNational7部分的“PassthroughBurgundy,theRhonevalleyandFrenchProvencalecountrysidefamousfortheirvineyards(途经以葡萄园闻名的勃艮第、罗纳河谷和法国普罗旺斯加尔乡村)”和3.Road-TrippingalongtheRhine部分的“EnjoyatasteofGermanonajourneyalongthescenicbanksoftheRhineValley.(在莱茵河谷风景优美的河岸上享受德国的味道。)”可知，这两条线路都可以欣赏到山谷风景，故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据4.TheGrandTourofSwitzerland部分的“Frommountainvillagestoculturalheritage,glacierstohistoriccastles,thisroutepromisesanincomparableconcentrationofallkindsofattractions.(从山村到文化遗产，从冰川到历史城堡，这条路线保证各种景点无与伦比集中。)”可知，第4条线路的亮点是各种类型的景点，故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“It’stimetofastenyourseatbeltandhittheroadforflight-freetravel.WetakethescenicroutesalongfourofEurope’sfinestroadtrips.(现在是系好安全带，开始上路进行不用乘坐飞机的旅行的时候了。我们沿着欧洲最好的公路旅行中的四条风景优美的路线。)”可知，文章介绍了四条欧洲最好的风景优美的公路旅行路线，因此推断文章的目的是推荐旅游路线。故选C。BAbout8:15onemorning,IleftfortheairporttomeetfriendsfromHolland,onlytodiscoverthattheplanewastobeanhourlate.Theairportiscloseby,soIwenthometowait.ArrivingatthehouseIfoundmydog,Clyde,inaveryexcitedstate,pushinghisnoseintoaflowerbednearourfrontdoorthenjumpingback,barking(吠)allthetime.Ithoughtthatperhapshehadseenamouseamongtheleaves.Thensuddenlyherantotheotherendofflowerbedrightbythefrontdoor,andbeganthesameagain—thistimeatarosemarybush.Idecidedtocheckwithastick.DoyouknowwhatIfound?Asnake!Iwasinshock!Quickly,thecobrawasslithering(蜿蜒着滑行)upthestepstoourfrontdoor!Twoquickblowsfrommewiththestickanditwasdead.Clydewasstillunsureofitandkeptbarking.Ijusthadtimetoputthesnakeinaplasticbagandleaveitfortherubbishtruck,beforereturningtotheairporttogreetmyfriends.Iftheplanehadbeenontime,thingsmighthavebeenverydifferentheretoday!Friendshavetoldmethatthecobraaimstospitinaperson’seyesinordertoblindthem.Clyde’sbarkingwarnedmethatsomethingwaswronganddangerwasnear.IfClydehadnotbeen“onguard”,thecobracouldeasilyhavegotintoourhouse.Therehemighthavelainhidden,readyto“surpriseattack”mewhenIwasn’texpectingit.Thisremindsmeofthefactthatanythingcanhappenatanytimesoweshouldbealways“onguard”.Wecannottakelifeforgranted,andshouldappreciateeverydaythatwehave.5.WhywasClydesoexcitedwhentheauthorreturned?A.Becauseasnakebithim. B.Becausehesawamouse.C.Becausehisownercameback. D.Becausehesenseddangerwasnear.6.Wheredidtheauthorfirstseethesnake?A.Attherosemarybush. B.Atthestepstothefrontdoor.C.Atthefarendoftheflowerbed. D.Atthenearendoftheflowerbed.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesClyde?A.Playful. B.Curious. C.Watchful. D.Courageous.8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ALifeLesson B.AMiracleofLifeC.AnUnforgettableExperience D.AnUnexpectedGuest【答案】5.D6.A7.C8.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的狗感受到危险，向作者示警，作者得以解除危险，由此作者得到教训，任何事情都可能在任何时候发生，我们应该时刻保持警惕。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ArrivingatthehouseIfoundmydog,Clyde,inaveryexcitedstate,pushinghisnoseintoaflowerbednearourfrontdoorthenjumpingback,barkingallthetime.”（到了家里，我发现我的狗克莱德非常兴奋，他把鼻子伸进我们前门附近的花坛里，然后又跳回来，一直在叫。）以及第三段“DoyouknowwhatIfound?Asnake!”（你知道我发现了什么吗？一条蛇！）可知，克莱德非常兴奋是因为它感觉到那里有一条蛇，感受到危险就在附近。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thensuddenlyherantotheotherendofflowerbedrightbythefrontdoor,andbeganthesameagain—thistimeatarosemarybush.”（然后，他突然跑到前门旁边花坛的另一端，这次又在一丛迷迭香丛中开始了同样的动作。）以及第三段“Idecidedtocheckwithastick.DoyouknowwhatIfound?Asnake!”（我决定用棍子检查一下。你知道我发现了什么吗？一条蛇！）可知，作者首次看到蛇时，蛇在迷迭香丛中。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Clyde’sbarkingwarnedmethatsomethingwaswronganddangerwasnear.”（克莱德的吠声提醒我，有什么不对劲，危险就在眼前。）以及文章内容可知，克莱德感受到危险，提醒自己的主人，所以克莱德是很警惕的。故选C项。【8题详解】标题判断题。通读全文并结合最后一段“Thisremindsmeofthefactthatanythingcanhappenatanytimesoweshouldbealways“onguard”.Wecannottakelifeforgranted,andshouldappreciateeverydaythatwehave.”（这让我想起了一个事实，任何事情都可能在任何时候发生，所以我们应该时刻保持警惕。我们不能把生活视为理所当然，应该珍惜我们拥有的每一天。）可知，作者从克莱德感受到危险为自己示警，自己得以解除危险的事实中得到了教训，所以“人生的教训”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。CTheresultsofanewsurveyhavecomeout,uncoveringyoungpeople’sthoughtsonclimatechange(thelong-termchangeinworldweatherpatterns,includingrisingtemperatures,causedbyhumanactivities).Morethan46,000youngpeoplebetweentheagesof4and18tookpartinthesurvey.Ofthem,95%saidtheywereworriedaboutclimatechange,and89%saidthatnotenoughwasbeingdoneaboutit.Meanwhile,81%saidtheyfeelasthoughyoungpeoplearen’tbeinglistenedto.Oneyoungperson,aged14,fromBristol,whotookpartinthesurvey,said,“Childrenhavearighttoafuturewithahealthy,safeplanet.”Another14-year-old,fromLondon,said,“Childrenhavetolivewiththemistakesofadults,theirwrongsandopinions.Butaswegrowup,we,asageneration,understandwhatisgoingonwiththeworldandshouldhaveasay.”Whenaskedwhohasthebiggestresponsibilitytodosomethingaboutclimatechange,nearly35%saidworldgovernments.Respondentswerealsoaskedwhatthey’dliketoseehappen.Proposalsincludedthatgovernmentsshouldlistentoyoungpeoplemore,andthatbusinessesshouldchangethewaytheyworktobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.ThesurveywasconductedbyVotesForSchoolsandUNICEFUK.VotesForSchoolsisanorganizationthatworkstomakesureyoungpeoplehavetheirvoicesheard.UNICEFisshortfortheUnitedNationsInternationalChildren’sEmergencyFund.TheUnitedNationsisagroupof193countriesthatworktogetheronthechallengesfacinghuman.BoththesurveyandtheCOP26climatechangesummit(峰会)tookplaceon31October.9.Whatisthesurveyon?A.Teenagers’voicesonclimatechange.B.Teenagers’attitudestohumanactivities.C.Teenagers’thoughtsonweatherpatterns.D.Teenagers’concernsaboutrisingtemperatures.10.Whyarethetwo14-yearoldsmentionedinParagraph2?A.Tointroduceatopic. B.Topresentafact.C.Tomakeacomment. D.Tosupportanopinion.11.Whatsuggestionshavetheteensgiveninthesurvey?A.Improvingpeople’swayoflife.B.Gettingbusinessestogogreener.C.Encouragingteenagers’participation.D.Changinggovernments’focusoflistening.【答案】9A10.D11.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了一项研究，发现年轻一代是关心天气变化的。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Theresultsofanewsurveyhavecomeout,uncoveringyoungpeople’sthoughtsonclimatechange(thelong-termchangeinworldweatherpatterns,includingrisingtemperatures,causedbyhumanactivities).(一项新的调查结果已经出来，揭示了年轻人对气候变化（世界天气模式的长期变化，包括由人类活动导致的气温上升）的看法。)”可知，这项分析是关于青少年对气候变化的观点的。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据上文“Ofthem,95%saidtheywereworriedaboutclimatechange,and89%saidthatnotenoughwasbeingdoneaboutit.Meanwhile,81%saidtheyfeelasthoughyoungpeoplearen’tbeinglistenedto.(其中，95%的人说他们担心气候变化，89%的人说他们对气候变化做得还不够。与此同时，81%的人表示，他们觉得年轻人没有被倾听)”可知，上文阐述了一个观点，分析表明年轻人对天气变化是关心的，下文的列举了两个14岁的男孩的例子“Oneyoungperson,aged14,fromBristol,whotookpartinthesurvey,said,‘hildrenhavearighttoafuturewithahealthy,safeplanet.’Another14-year-old,fromLondon,said,‘Childrenhavetolivewiththemistakesofadults,theirwrongsandopinions.Butaswegrowup,we,asageneration,understandwhatisgoingonwiththeworldandshouldhaveasay.’(来自布里斯托尔的一名14岁的年轻人参与了这项调查，他说:“孩子们有权拥有一个健康、安全的未来。”另一位来自伦敦的14岁少年说:“孩子们不得不忍受大人们的错误，他们的冤枉和观点。但随着我们长大，作为一代人，我们了解这个世界正在发生什么，我们应该有发言权。”)”可推断，提到这两个14岁男孩是为了支持上文的观点，年轻人关心天气变化，故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Proposalsincludedthatgovernmentsshouldlistentoyoungpeoplemore,andthatbusinessesshouldchangethewaytheyworktobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.(提议包括政府应该更多地听取年轻人的意见，企业应该改变他们的工作方式，使之更加环保。)”可知，在分析中，青少年建议企业应该改变工作方式，更环保。故选B。DTheMemoryBoxismyfifthbook,whichbeginsthestorywithasimpleimageofanoldlady,Jenny,celebratingher100birthdayinthecarehomewhereshelives.However,insteadofbeingwithfriendsandfamily,she’sinthecompanyofstrangers.Jennyhasoutlivedeverybodyshehaseverlovedanditistoheryoungcarer,Candice,thatsheturnswhengoingthroughhermemorybox.AsJennygentlytouchesthesmoothstone,pickedupoffafarawaybeachalifetimeago,sherealizesthereisonelastjourneyshemustmake.SheknowsitwillbepainfulbutifshecantalkCandiceintoaccompanyingher,shewillgetthroughit.Asawriter,Itrytokeeptoawritingroutine(常规；惯例)similartothecommonworkingweekandamalwaysatmydeskbytenatthelatest.Iknowthisisnoteverybody’sideaofanearlystart.Then,Iwillgothroughthevariouswritingwork,followedbyreadingandeditingwhatIwrotethedaybefore.Isetmyselfatarget(目标)of1,000wordsadayand,whilesomedaysImayachievemanymorethanthis,onotherdaysit’sarightoldslogandIcanhardlypassthe200mark.Manymoonsago,Iattendedawinggroup.There,Igotthebestpieceofwritingadvicefrommyteacher.ShetoldustoemploytheBOSHOKmethod,whichstandsforBumOnSeat,HandsOnKeyboard.Orinmycase,often,BumOnSet,HeadOnKnees.Itbasallymeans,justgetonwithit.Shewouldalwayssay,“ThebestadviceIcanoffertothosewhowanttobewritersisaquotefromElmoreLeonard,‘Trynottowritethepartspeopletendtoskip(跳过).’Sayitallreally.”12.WhatisthefirstParagraphmainlyabout?A.AreviewofTheMemoryBox. B.AnintroductiontoTheMemoryBox.C.ThelastjourneyofoldladyJenny. D.AlifestoryaboutoldladyJenny.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“arightoldslog”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Simplebutboringwork. B.Easyandtime-savingwork.C.Demandingbutinterestingwork. D.Challengingandeffort-takingwork.14.Whomaybethetargetreadersofthispassage?A.Readinglovers. B.Youngcarers. C.Writingstrugglers. D.Groupleaders.【答案】12.B13.D14.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己的写作历程从而给出年轻创作者提供一些经验和建议。【12题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“heMemoryBoxismyfifthbook,whichbeginsthestorywithasimpleimageofanoldlady,Jenny,celebratingher100birthdayinthecarehomewhereshelives.However,insteadofbeingwithfriendsandfamily,she’sinthecompanyofstrangers.Jennyhasoutlivedeverybodyshehaseverlovedanditistoheryoungcarer,Candice,thatsheturnswhengoingthroughhermemorybox.AsJennygentlytouchesthesmoothstone,pickedupoffafarawaybeachalifetimeago,sherealizesthereisonelastjourneyshemustmake.SheknowsitwillbepainfulbutifshecantalkCandiceintoaccompanyingher,shewillgetthroughit.”（《记忆盒》是我的第五本书，它以一个简单的老太太詹妮在她住的养老院庆祝100岁生日的画面开始故事。然而，她不是和朋友家人在一起，而是和陌生人在一起。詹妮比她所爱的人都长寿，当她翻阅记忆盒时，她会求助于她的年轻看护人坎迪斯。当珍妮轻轻地抚摸着那块光滑的石头时，她意识到她必须做最后一次旅行。她知道这会很痛苦，但如果她能说服坎迪斯陪她，她会度过难关的。）可知，第一段主要讲《记忆盒》这本书的大概内容。故选B项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Isetmyselfatarget(目标)of1,000wordsadayand,whilesomedaysImayachievemanymorethanthis,onotherdaysit’sarightoldslogandIcanhardlypassthe200mark.”（我给自己设定了一个每天写1000个单词的目标，虽然有些日子我可能会实现更多，但在其他日子，这是恰恰是一个苦役，我很难完成200个。）可知，由“while”表对比，前面说自己能轻松完成1000多个，所以后面应说有时候完成200个都很困难。在根据选项，D选项“Challengingandeffort-takingwork”（富有挑战性和吃苦耐劳的工作）切题。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“Shewouldalwayssay,“ThebestadviceIcanoffertothosewhowanttobewritersisaquotefromElmoreLeonard,‘Trynottowritethepatspeopletendtoskip.’Sayitallreally.””（她总是说，“我能给那些想成为作家的人提供的最好建议是引述埃尔莫·伦纳德的一句话，‘尽量不要写人们容易跳过忽略的部分。’说真的。”）可知，作者借他老师之口，给出怎样写好文章的建议，所以这篇文章主要是写给从事写作工作的人。故选C项。第二节（共5个小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoKeepBuildingYourVocabularyNoeducativeprocessisevertheend.Itisalwaysthebeginningofmoreeducationandmorelearning.____15____Thefollowingarethewaysthatcanhelptokeepyourvocabularygrowingandgrowing.Readmore.Asanadult,youwillfindmostofthesourcesofyoursupplyofnewwordsinbooksandmagazines.Ifyouraimistohaveasuperiorvocabulary,youwillhavetomakethetimetoreadatleastonebookandseveralmagazineseveryweek.Notjustthisweekandnextweak—buteveryweek.____16____Guessthemeaningofanewwordinthecontext.Whenyoumeetwithanunfamiliarword,donotskipoveritimpatiently.____17____Thenworkoutitspossiblemeaninginthecontextofthesentence.Whetheryoucometotherightconclusionornotwillmakeadifferencebecauseyouare,inthisprocess,becomingmoreclearlyawareoftheword.Asaresult,youwillsuddenlynoticethatthisverywordpopsupunexpectedlyagainandagaininallyourreading.Andofcourseafteryou’veseenitafewtimes,youwillknowfairlywellnotonlywhatitmeansbutthemanywaysitcanbeused.____18____Thinkoftheareasthatmaypossiblybeunknowntoyou—psychology,science,art,musicorwhatever.Thenexplorethembyreadingbooksinthefields.Ineveryfield,therearebookswrittenforaverage,untrainedreadersthatwillgiveyoubothagoodknowledgeandatthesametimeadddramaticallytoyourvocabulary.Setyourselfagoal.Ifyoudonothingaboutyourvocabulary,youwilllearn,atmost,twenty-fivetofiftywordsinayear.____19____Thismaysoundambitious—butyouwilldiscovervocabularysnowballsassoonasyoustartactivelylookingfornewwords.A.Getpreparedinadvance.B.Openyoumindtonewfields.C.Youmustbewillingtolearnnewwords.D.Andthatisthesamecasewithvocabularybuilding.E.Ihaveneverseenasinglepersonwitharichvocabularywhoisnotabookworm.F.Instead,stopforamomentandreaditaloud—getusedtoitssoundandappearance.G.However,withacleargoal,youcanlearnseveralthousandinthesameperiodoftime.【答案】15.D16.E17.F18.B19.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保持词汇量增长的方法。【15题详解】上文“Noeducativeprocessisevertheend.Itisalwaysthebeginningofmoreeducationandmorelearning.”（任何教育过程都不是终点。它总是更多教育和学习的开始。）说明教育过程是更多教育和学习的开始，以及下文“Thefollowingarethewaysthatcanhelptokeepyourvocabularygrowingandgrowing.”（以下是帮助你保持词汇量不断增长的方法。）说明文章介绍保持词汇量增长的方法，空处承上启下，应说明词汇量积累也是如此，D项“词汇量积累也是如此”符合题意。故选D。【16题详解】上文“Ifyouraimistohaveasuperiorvocabulary,youwillhavetomakethetimetoreadatleastonebookandseveralmagazineseveryweek.Notjustthisweekandnextweak—buteveryweek.”（如果你的目标是拥有一个更好的词汇量，你必须每周抽出时间阅读至少一本书和几本杂志。不仅仅是本周和下周，而是每周。）说明要安排时间阅读，E项“我从来没有见过一个词汇量丰富的人不是书呆子。”说明阅读会增加词汇量，即阅读可以作为积累词汇量的方法，符合题意。故选E。【17题详解】上文“Whenyoumeetwithanunfamiliarword,donotskipoveritimpatiently.”（当你遇到一个不熟悉的单词时，不要不耐烦地跳过它。）说明遇到不熟悉单词时，不要跳过它，所以空处应介绍应该怎样做，F项“相反，停下来大声朗读，习惯单词的读音和拼写。”符合题意。故选F。【18题详解】下文“Thinkoftheareasthatmaypossiblybeunknowntoyou—psychology,science,art,musicorwhatever.”（想想那些你可能不知道的领域——心理学、科学、艺术、音乐等等。）说明要考虑自己不了解的领域，B项中newfields（新领域）是关键词，表示“向新领域敞开心扉。”，符合题意。故选B。【19题详解】下文“Thismaysoundambitious—butyouwilldiscovervocabularysnowballsassoonasyoustartactivelylookingfornewwords.”（这听起来可能很雄心勃勃，但一旦你开始积极寻找新单词，你就会发现词汇滚雪球般迅速增加。）说明所设定目标可能听起来是雄心勃勃的，所以空处应说明设定一个听起来雄心勃勃的目标，G项“然而，有了一个明确的目标，你可以在相同的一段时间内学习几千个单词。”符合题意。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnJamesOwen’s60thbirthday,hesawavideoofhimselfwalkinguptoastage,painfullyandslowly.“Ilookedlikeanoldman,”saidOwen,asuccessfulWallStreetbusinessman.____20____,hefeltlikeanoldman.Hewasoverweightandhad____21____inhisback,kneesandshoulders.Butinsteadof____22____age,Owendecidedtoseta(n)____23____:Hewantedtobepain-freeinfiveyears,andthewaywasthrough____24____—eventhoughhecouldn’tdoasinglepush-upthen.Owenbeganbywalking,andwas____25____afteronlyfiveminutes.Butthatdidn’t____26____himandhekeptatiteveryday.____27____hehadthosebasicsdown,hethenhiredatrainerto____28____anexerciseplanforhim.Thelastpiecewasfindingother_____29_____heenjoyed,whichturnedouttobecyclingandswimming.Inlessthanfiveyears,Owenwasabletowalkformileseachday.Andyes,hewas_____30_____ofachesandpains.Hesays,“Aslongasyoucan_____31_____,it’snevertoolatetobecome_____32_____.”Owenusedhis_____33_____towriteabookinwhichhedetailshow_____34_____cansafelygetoffthecouch(长沙发)and_____35_____moremovementtotheirlives.“Thinkofitasmovement,notexercise,”hesays.“The_____36_____:gettingstarted,evenifyoucouldwalkjustthreeblocks,whichwasallIcould_____37_____atfirst.”Now81andretired,Owen_____38_____exercisesanhouraday,sixdaysaweek.“Itisthebest_____39_____I’veevermadeinmylife,”hesays.20.A.Evenbetter B.Evenworse C.Inaddition D.Moreimportantly21.A.cuts B.bites C.pains D.injuries22.A.losingsightof B.takingpridein C.gettingusedto D.givinginto23.A.goal B.example C.record D.trap24.A.diet B.exercise C.habits D.walks25.A.impatient B.aimless C.annoyed D.breathless26.A.discourage B.destroy C.frighten D.confuse27.A.While B.Once C.Until D.Unless28.A.sign B.describe C.design D.conduct29.A.hobbies B.adventures C.events D.sports30.A.free B.short C.full D.empty31.A.run B.move C.dream D.work32.A.creative B.hopeful C.powerful D.fit33.A.skills B.challenges C.experience D.behavior34.A.teenagers B.seniors C.juniors D.youths35.A.lend B.offer C.apply D.add36.A.attitude B.aim C.detail D.key37.A.manage B.reach C.master D.overcome38.A.ever B.still C.never D.also39.A.deal B.progress C.decision D.promise【答案】20.B21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.D36.D37.A38.B39.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了詹姆斯欧文在生日之时看见自己老态龙钟的样子决定通过一个五年健身计划来改变自己并成功的故事。【20题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，他感觉像个老人。A.Evenbetter更胜一筹；B.Evenworse更糟糕的是；C.Inaddition此外；D.Moreimportantly更重要的是。根据上文“Ilookedlikeanoldman”可知，Owen不仅看起来像个老人，更糟糕的是，感觉也像老人。故选B。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他身体超重，背部、膝盖和肩膀都疼痛。A.cuts伤口；B.bites咬；C.pains疼痛；D.injuries伤害。根据下文“Hewantedtobepain-freeinfiveyears”可知，他的背部，膝盖和肩膀疼痛。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不屈服于年龄，欧文决定制定一个雄心勃勃的五年目标：他想在5年内消除疼痛，方法是通过锻炼——虽然当时做不了一个俯卧撑。A.losingsightof看不见；B.takingpridein以……为自豪；C.gettingusedto习惯于；D.givinginto屈服于。根据下文“Owendecidedtoseta(n)____4____:Hewantedtobepain-freeinfiveyears”可知，欧文不屈服于年龄，决定制定目标摆脱疼痛。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不屈服于年龄，欧文决定制定一个雄心勃勃的五年目标：他想在5年内消除疼痛，方法是通过锻炼——虽然当时做不了一个俯卧撑。A.goal目标；B.example榜样；例子；C.record记录；D.trap圈套。根据下文“Hewantedtobepain-freeinfiveyears,andthewaywasthrough____5____”可知，这是欧文给自己制定的目标。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想在5年内消除疼痛，方法是通过锻炼——虽然当时做不了一个俯卧撑。A.diet日常饮食；B.exercise锻炼；C.habits习惯；D.walks行走；步行。根据下文“hecouldn’tdoasinglepush-up”可知，欧文想要通过锻炼摆脱疼痛。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：欧文从步行开始，五分钟之后变得气喘吁吁。A.impatient没有耐心的；B.aimless无目的的；C.annoyed烦恼的；D.breathless气喘吁吁的。根据下文“Butthatdidn’t____7____himandhekeptatiteveryday.”可知，开始的时候，欧文仅仅是步行，五分钟以后就气喘吁吁，但是他每天都坚持。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但那并没有让他气馁，他每天都坚持。A.discourage阻拦；B.destroy毁坏；C.frighten使惊恐；D.confuse使迷惑。根据下文“hekeptatiteveryday”可知，最初锻炼的时候经常气喘吁吁，没有让他气馁，每天都坚持锻炼。故选A。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦他完成了那些基础训练，他就雇了一个教练为他的设计了一个锻炼计划。A.While当……时候；B.Once一旦；C.Until直到；D.Unless除非。根据下文“hethenhiredatrainerto____9____anexerciseplanforhim.”可知，空格处引导条件状语从句，完成了基础训练，欧文请了教练为他制定锻炼计划。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦他完成了那些基础训练，他就雇了一个教练为他的设计了一个锻炼计划。A.sign签字；打手势；B.describe描述；C.design设计；D.conduct进行；实施。根据上文的“atrainer”和下文的“anexerciseplanforhim”可知，教练为欧文设计了锻炼计划。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后一件事是找到其他他喜欢的运动，结果是骑自行车和游泳。A.hobbies爱好；B.adventures冒险活动；C.events事件；体育赛事；D.sports运动。根据下文“whichturnedouttobecyclingandswimming.”可知，此处说的是他喜欢的运动。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，他没有了疼痛。A.free没有……的；免费的；B.short短的；C.full满的；D.empty空的。根据上文“Hewantedtobepain-freeinfiveyears”可知，此处说的是通过锻炼，他没有了疼痛。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要你能动，成为健康永远都不晚。A.run跑；B.move移动；C.dream梦想；D.work工作。根据上文“thewaywasthrough____5____—eventhoughhecouldn’tdoasinglepush-upthen.”以及其它内容可知，欧文是通过锻炼摆脱疼痛的，因此推断他说的是：只要你能移动，成为健康的永远都不晚。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.creative有创造力的；B.hopeful满怀希望的；C.powerful强有力的；D.fit健康的。根据上文“hewas____11____ofachesandpains.”可知，通过锻炼欧文摆脱了疼痛，成为健康的。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：欧文用他的经验写了一本书，他在书中详细描述了老年人如何安全地离开沙发，为他们的生活增加更多的活动。A.skills技能；B.challenges挑战；C.experience经验；经历；D.behavior行为。根据下文“inwhichhedetailshow____15____cansafelygetoffthecouch(长沙发)and____16____moremovementtotheirlives.”可知，欧文把他的经历写进了一本书。故选C。34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.teenagers青少年；B.seniors老年人；C.juniors较年幼者；D.youths年轻人。根据上文“OnJamesOwen’s60thbirthday”可知，欧文是老年人了，因此推断他用他的经历说了一些老年人的事情。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：欧文用他的经验写了一本书，他在书中详细描述了老年人如何安全地离开沙发，为他们的生活增加更多的活动。A.lend借出；B.offer提供；C.apply申请；D.add增加。根据上文“cansafelygetoffthecouch”并结合上文欧文经历可知，此处欧文说的是老年人可以安全的离开沙发，多运动。故选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是：开始，即使你只能走三个街区，这是我一开始所有能做到的。A.attitude态度；B.aim目的；C.detail细节；D.key关键。根据上文“Thinkofitasmovement,notexercise”和下文“evenifyoucouldwalkjust