2022年全国卷高考英语模拟考场仿真演练英语试卷03（解析版）

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////考生注意清点试卷有无漏印或缺页，若有要及时更换，否则责任自负。………装…………………订…………………线………………绝密★启用前2022年高考英语模拟考场仿真演练卷03英语（课表全国卷）本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.1．What'stheweatherlikenow?A．Snowy.B．RainyC．Sunny.【答案】B【原文】M:It'srainingagain.Theweatherreportsaysit'sgoingtosnowtonight.Idon'tlikethiskindofweather.W:Butit'sgoingtobesunnythisweekend.2．Whenwillthemeetingbeover?A．At11:00.B．At10:00C．At9:30【答案】A【原文】M:Whenwillthemeetingbegin?W:Accordingtotheschedule,itshouldstartat9:30,anditwilllastforanhourandahalf.3．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheplay?A．TerribleB．Justso-so.C．Great.【答案】C【原文】M:DidyougettowatchtheplaySunshineintheCapitalTheateryesterday?W:Yes,itcouldn'tbebetter.ButIdidn'tlikethepeoplethere.Theyalwaysmadenoises.4．What’sJohndoingnow?A．Playingfootball.B．WatchingTV.C．Studying.【答案】C【详解】M:Kate,don’tmakenoise.Thisfootballmatchisgreat.W:IthinkyoushouldturnofftheTV.BothJohnandIarepreparingforthefinalexam.5．Whatcanthemando?A．Swim.B．Playsoccer.C．Playbasketball.【答案】C【原文】M:Youknow,Jasoncanplaytennis,swim,playsoccer...butIcan’t.W:Itdoesn’tmatter.Imean,youcanplaytheguitar,playbasketball,cookandevenspeakthreelanguages.Youaregreat.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatwillthemandotonight?A．Makesomedecorationsforhisson'sroom.B．Celebratehis11thweddinganniversary.C．Observehisson'sbirthday.7．Whatwillthemangetforfreetonight?A．Thelocalfood. B．Acake. C．Softdrinks.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】M:Hello,I’dliketoreserveatablefortenandwewillcomeat7:30tonight.W:MayIhaveyournameandphonenumber,please?M:MikeSmith.Myphonenumberis32657849.Wearegoingtocelebratemyson’s11thbirthday,socouldyoumakesomedecorationsforusinadvance?W:Noproblem.Besides,wewillprovideabirthdaycakefreeofcharge.M:Thankyou.We’dalsolikesomelocalfoodandsoftdrinks.W:OK.Iwillkeepourcooksinformed.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatisthemandoingtokilltime?A．Playinggames. B．WatchingTV. C．Readingabook.9．WhathappenedtoBob?A．Hehadacaraccident.B．Helosthismoney.C．Hehitsomebody.10．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Togethiscar.B．Toborrowmoney.C．Toaskfordirection.【答案】8．C9．A10．B【原文】W:Hello,Larry.Katespeaking.I’mverysorrytocallyousolate,butIdidn’tknowwhoelsetoaskforhelp.M:Oh,don’tworry.I’mjustreadinganoveltokilltime.Youknow,Idon’tlikeplayinggamesorwatchingTV.What’shappened?Yousoundfrightened.W:Youknowwewenttothecountrysidefortheweekend.Wehadacaraccidentonthewayhome,andBobisinhospitalnow.Heneedsanoperation,butwedon’thaveenoughmoneytopayforit.M:Ohmy!Tellmethenameofthehospital.Iwillgetthereassoonaspossible.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11．Whatwillthemandrink?A．Tea. B．Coffee. C．Milk.12．Whendidthemanlastmeetthewoman?A．Aboutamonthago.B．Abouttwomonthsago.C．Aboutthreemonthsago.13．WhatwillSandradofortheman?A．Preparehisdrink. B．Washhishair. C．Cleanhiscollar.14．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atacafe. B．Atabarber’s. C．Atastore.【答案】11．B12．B13．A14．B【原文】W:Hi!Goodmorning,Mr.Boddington.I’mreadyforyounow!Comeonover.M:Sure.Thanks.W:Here—takeaseat.Teaorcoffee?M:Oh,great...Er...Coffeeplease.W:Sugar?Milk?M:Justonesugar.W:OK.Sandra,couldyougetMr.Boddingtonacoffee,onesugar?Thanks.Nowthen,howmuchdoyouwantoff?M:Well,it’sgotabitmessy,hasn’tit?W:You’vegotquitecurlyhair.M:Yes.Butitgetsoutofcontrolprettyquickly.W:Howlongsinceyourlastappointment?IrememberseeingyouinSeptember.M:Oh,yes.Icamehere,let’ssee,abouttwomonthsago.W:Right,soyouwantquiteabitoff.M:Well,yes,youknow,justabovetheears.W:Doyouwantthefrontshortorwhat?M:Yeah,abitshorter.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15．Wherewasthewomanlastweek?A．InRome. B．InVenice. C．InFerrara.16．Whatdidthewomanprobablyvisitfirst?A．Thecastle. B．Thecathedral. C．TheRenaissancebuildings.17．Howmanytimeshasthewomantraveledabroadthisyear?A．Twice. B．Threetimes. C．Fourtimes.【答案】15．C16．A17．B【原文】M:IcalledyoulastweekbutyourmothersaidyouweresightseeinginItaly.DidyougotoRome?W:No.IwenttoRomelastyearandVenicetheyearbeforelast,sothisyearIwenttoFerrara.Youmaynothaveheardaboutit,asitisn’toneofthemostfamousItaliancities.M:Oh,I’veheardaboutitbefore.It’sknownastheCityoftheRenaissance,right?I’venevervisiteditbefore,though.Howwasyourtimethere?W:Itwasgreat.Ivisitedthecitycentre.Thecathedralandthecastleareboththereintheheartofthecity,andbothareamazing.Ididn’tgotothecathedral,becauseitwasverycrowded.M:Whatelsedidyouvisitthere?W:AfterIleftthecastle,Iwenttovisitthehistoricpartofthecity,whichhasalotofbuildingsfromtheRenaissance.ThenIvisitedseveralpalacesandchurches.M:Youseemtoreallyliketraveling.W:Yes,Iloveit.Iusuallytravelabroadtwiceayear,andthisyearI’vetakenonemoretripthanusual.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whydopeoplepreservefreshproduceaccordingtothespeaker?A．Tomakethemtasty.B．Tomakemoremoney.C．Toeatthematdifferenttime.19．Whichmethodcanbeappliedtopreserveeggplants?A．Freezing. B．Canning. C．Pickling.20．Whatarelistenersadvisedtodo?A．Followingtheinstructions.B．Leavingtheiropinions.C．Interactingwiththespeakers.【答案】18．C19．C20．B【原文】W:Whenyoupreservefood,youaretakingactiontostopitfrombreakingdown.Today,wewillexplorehowtopreservethefreshproduceyoubuyorgrow.Byfollowingafewbasicways,youcanstilleatthosetastyfruitsandvegetableswhentheyareoutofseason.Freezingisthesimplestwayanditisimportanttofreezetheproduceasquicklyaspossible.Goodlate-summerproducetofreezeincludesgreenbeans,cabbagesandapples.Canninghastwomainways:boilinghotwaterbathsandpressurecanning.Whichevermethodyouuse,alwaystestthesealthatkeepsoutair.Goodlate-summerfruitsforcanningincludeapples,berries,cherriesandpeaches.Picklingisdonebyaddingsalt,pepperorotherseasoningstovegetables.Goodlate-summerproducetopickleincludescucumbers,watermelonrindsandeggplants.Afinalwaytopreservefoodisbydryingit.Whendrying,trytofindspecificdirectionsforeachfoodtoensurequalityandsafety.Freshproducesuchasapples,mushrooms,andgrapescanbestoredforalongtimeafterbeingdried.Whatarethepopularmethodstopreservefoodinyourcountry?WebusersfromdifferentareasarewelcometoleaveacommentinthefollowingCommentssection.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMiserybyStephenKing(1987)Onmyfirsttourat23,IboughtMiseryforoneofcountlessflights.Ifoundmyselfonstagethinking,occasionally,“Thisisanenjoyableandexcitingexperience,butIcan’twaittogetbacktothehoteltoreadthenextchapter.”Thefilmdoesn’tdojusticetotheoriginalsuspense(悬念)ofKing’snovel.Itmademeareaderforlife.TheDayAfterTomorrowbyAllanFolsom(2008)AllofFolsom’snovelsareworthyourtime,buthisfirst,whichistotallyunrelatedtothemovieofthesamename,isthemostentertainingworkoffictionIknow.You’reattractedfromthefirstchapter,takenonarideofactionandpassionrighttothelastjaw-droppingsentence.AsaManThinkethbyJamesAllen(1903)I’vegiftedthistocountlessfriends.AcenturybeforeRhondaByrne’sTheSecretcamethisbrilliantexpositionofhowthoughtsinfluencequalityoflife.It’salife-changing64pages.IalwayskeepitinmybagwhenItravelandonmynightstandathome.IconsideritmyBible(圣经).America’sReluctantPrincebyStevenGillon(2019)Thisbio(自传),writtenbyalongtimefriendofJohnF.KennedyJr.,wasagreatcompanionduringmytourin2019.Assomeonewiththoroughknowledgeofanddeepaffectionforhissubject,Gillonskillfullywalksthelinebetweenexposureandrespect.21.Whichbookfirstledtheauthorintotheworldofreading?A.Misery. B.TheDayAfterTomorrow.C.AsaManThinketh. D.America’sReluctantPrince.22.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthattheauthor________.A.likesfictionstoriesmost. B.regardsTheSecretashisBible.C.enjoyssomereadingwhiletraveling. D.hopestofindacompanioninhistour.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tocompareseveralbestsellers. B.Tosharesomebooksworthreading.C.Toexplorethevalueofreading. D.Tointroducesomefamousnovelists.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了作者认为值得一读的几本书。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“MiserybyStephenKing(1987)”部分“Onmyfirsttourat23,IboughtMiseryforoneofcountlessflights.(在我23岁的第一次旅行中，我在无数次飞行中的其中一次购买了Misery这本书。)”及最后一句“Itmademeareaderforlife.(它使我成为一名终身读者。)”可知，Misery这本书首次带领作者进入阅读的世界。故选A项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据“AsaManThinkethbyJamesAllen(1903)”部分中“IalwayskeepitinmybagwhenItravel(我旅行时总是把它放在包里)”及“America’sReluctantPrincebyStevenGillon(2019)”部分中“Thisbio(自传),writtenbyalongtimefriendofJohnF.KennedyJr.,wasagreatcompanionduringmytourin2019.(这本自传是由JohnF.KennedyJr.的一位老朋友撰写的，在我2019年的旅行中，它是我的好伙伴。)”可知，作者旅行时喜欢阅读。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者喜欢的几本书，所以目的是分享值得一读的书籍。故选B项。BDuringmyyearsteachingcommunicationcoursesatEastCarolinaUniversityandCollegeofCharleston,Igottohearmanyincredibletrue-lifestoriesthroughstudents'presentations.Storiesthatstickoutinmymindincludeayoungman'ssharinghisexperienceofbeingfalselydiagnosedwithafatalillness,anotherwhofailedrepeatedlytotryoutforthebaseballteambeforegettingintoagameheenjoysmuchmore-golf,andsoon.Somanyunforgettablestories;somuchwisdom.Butonestoryreallystandsoutinmymindtoillustrateourincrediblepower.Here'swhathappenedtothisyounggirl,Suzy.OneChristmasSuzyhadherheartsetongettinganewBarbie.ButnotjustanyBarbie,itwasonewhereshecouldcutherhair.Atleastthedollcamewithscissors.Itwasthelastgiftthatlittleseven-year-oldSuzyopened,andshefeltpuredelight.Barbie'shairwentfromhiplength,towaistlength,tolonglayerstoirregular,toshoulderlength,topixie(小精灵)short...finallyendingwithatotalbuzzcut(圆寸).Everything'sreadyandthelogicalthingtodonextwasofcourseforSuzytocutherownhair.Shecutlayersandmorelayersandcouldn'twaittoshowherparentsandclass.LittleSuzyhadahardtimeunderstandingwhyhermotherwantedtotakehertoabeautysalonto“fix”herhairstyle.ButSuzyfirmlybelievedeveryoneatschoolwouldbesoenviousofherdesignconceptandskill.Herfriendswouldturngreenwithenvy.Absolutely,hercompleteandunquestionedconfidenceinherappearancecausedotherpeopletoseeherbeauty.Thatstorywastold12yearsafterthefactandSuzystillhaspicturesofthathaircut.Shewouldnevercutherhairagain,butshecherishesthatmemoryofboundlessself-value.Confidenceislikeamusclethatyouexercise.Youdecidetobemoreconfident,tochoosethepositiveperformance,totakecareofyourself,andthefeelingofconfidencecomestoyouafterthat.Weallhavehadthatlevelofconfidenceattimes,butwhereisitwhenyouneedit?24.What'sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducetheauthor'sbackground. B.Totellsomeincrediblestories.C.Tosummarizethemainideaofthearticle. D.Topavethewayforthefollowing.25.ThereasonwhySuzywantstheBarbieisthatA.shewillmakeacomparison B.shewouldliketopracticehaircuttingC.shefeellikeshowingoffhercollection D.shewantstogiveherclassmatesasurprise26.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesSuzy?A.Determined. B.Absurd. C.Sympathetic. D.Aggressive.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.LifelongWisdom B.ConfidentScissorsC.UnforgettableStories D.Barbie'sEncouragement【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。通过一位老师的口吻讲述了学生Suzy不顾他人看法自己剪头发的故事，传递了自信的重要性。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Igottohearmanyincredibletrue-lifestoriesthroughstudents'presentations.(通过学生的呈现，我了解了许多难以置信的真实故事)”和第二段第一句“Butonestoryreallystandsoutinmymindtoillustrateourincrediblepower.(但是其中一个故事在我的大脑中特别深刻去解释我们的难以置信的力量)”可知，第一段作者列举了其教学生涯中遇到的不同学生身上的故事是为了引出令他印象最深刻的本文主人公Suzy。为下文做铺垫。故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“ButnotjustanyBarbie,itwasonewhereyoucouldcutherhair.Atleastthedollcamewithscissors.(但不仅仅是巴比娃娃，这是一个你能够剪她的头发的地方。至少用剪刀玩玩具)”和第四段中“Everything’sreadyandthelogicalthingtodonextwasofcourseforSuzytocutherownhair.(一切准备就绪，接下的的事情当然就是让Suzy给自己剪头发)”可知，Suzy想通过给芭比娃娃剪头发得到练习，最后给自己剪头发。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Absolutely,hercompleteandunquestionedconfidenceinherappearancecausedotherpeopletoseeherbeauty.(在她脸上表现出的完全的和不容置疑的自信促使其他人来看她的美丽)”可以了解到Suzy想要芭比并且坚定地练习，给自己剪了头发后不顾旁人看法非常自信，所以Suzy是一个内心坚决的女孩。A.Determined.坚决的；B.Absurd.荒谬的；C.Sympathetic.同情的；D.Aggressive.好斗的。A符合语境，故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Confidenceislikeamusclethatyouexercise.Youdecidetobemoreconfident,tochoosethepositiveperformance,totakecareofyourself,andthefeelingofconfidencecomestoyouafterthat.(自信就像肌肉，需要你去锻炼。你决定要更自信，就选择积极的表现，照顾好自己，自信就会随之而来)”可知，本文通过女孩Suzy自己给自己剪头发的故事展现出自信的重要性。故选B。CYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint28.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste. D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.30.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A.Calming. B.Disturbing.C.Refreshing. D.Challenging.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists’OpinionsonPlasticSafetyBMediaInterestinContemporaryArtC.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesD.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术家BenjaminVonWong用塑料垃圾制作了一个巨大的雕塑作品，让人们通过这个雕塑重新审视自己与一次性塑料制品的关系。此外他在2018的一件作品“TruckloadofPlastic”说明了每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。VonWong通过用塑料垃圾制造巨型雕塑来唤醒和提高人们的环保意识。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.(但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明·冯·王（BenjaminVonWong）想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”可知，VonWong用塑料垃圾制作的雕塑想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，由此可知他做这个雕塑的目的是为了引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(来源)ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.(全球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染源，但它们最近却受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要吸管喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。冯·王作品中的每一根吸管都很可能来自只喝了几分钟的饮料。一旦饮料消失了，吸管也要几个世纪才能消失。)”可知，吸管由于体积小，重量轻，无法回收利用，由此可推知，作者在第三段讨论吸管是为了展示它们回收的困难。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Inapieceform2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(说明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(倾倒)fromatruckallatonce.(在2018年的一个作品中，冯·王(VonWong)想要说明一个具体的统计数字：每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品，冯·王和一组志愿者收集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的。)”可知，这个作品以创新的方式让人们了解到塑料垃圾以很快的速度和很大的量倾入海洋，刷新了观众对海洋塑料污染的认知，由此可推断，这个作品会让观众对塑料垃圾进入海洋造成污染这件事感到不安。故选B项。【31题详解】标题判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.(但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明·冯·王(BenjaminVonWong)想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”和倒数第二段“Inapieceform2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(说明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(倾倒)fromatruckallatonce.(在2018年的一个作品中，冯·王(VonWong)想要说明一个具体的统计数字：每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为“一卡车塑料”的作品，冯·王和一组志愿者收集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的。)”可知艺术家本杰明·冯·王(BenjaminVonWong)通过利用塑料垃圾制作巨型雕塑的方法来提示人们重新思考与一次性塑料的关系，唤醒和提高人们循环利用的意识，促进环保的发展。由此可知，D项“海洋塑料变成雕塑”符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选D项。DAccordingtoDr.ShaisonP.Ouseph,therearethreemaintypesofartificialintelligence:ArtificialNarrowIntelligence(ANI),ArtificialGeneralIntelligence(AGI),andArtificialSuperIntelligence(ASI).ANIistheonlytypeofartificialintelligencewehavesuccessfullyrealizedtodate.Theideaoftheworldbeingcontrolledbyself-thinkingrobotswhowanttodestroyhumanityisstillmuchinsciencefiction,morethansciencefact.SomeexpertsthinkthatAGIandASIarenowstilloutofourreach,sowedon’tneedtoworrytoomuchaboutthatspecificsituation.However,thatisnottosaythatAIwon’teverseriouslythreatenourworldandsocietyifusedincorrectly.AIcouldeasilybeprogrammedtodosomethingdamaging.Ontheotherhand,AIisalreadytakingovertheworldinthefieldsofmedicineandmanufacturing.Manyofthesecouldchangetechnologyandindustrytobenefitourlivesifimplemented(实施)responsibly.Butasweusethesenewsystems,wemuststayaheadintermsofregulatingnewtechnologieswherethereispotentialtodoharm.Fornow,thegreatestconcernwefacewithregardtoANItechnologies,isthesituationofefficientautomationcausingmanyhumanjobstobecomenolongerneeded.Soweneedtostartthinkingseriouslynowabouthowyoungpeoplearegoingtolivewiththesetechnologies.Theworldisgoingtomoveforwardinonedirectionoranother.ANIisheretostayfortheforeseeablefuture,andit’stheyouthoftodaywhoaregoingtodefinetheuseofthesetechnologies.Yet,thereisrelativelylittleresearchandinformationabouthowAIwillinfluenceyoungpeopleandtheirtransitionintoaworldwherelifeischanging.“Thisiswhatmyteamwillfocuson,”saidDr.Shaison.Asnewsystemsprogressweneedtosafeguardwhatisfundamentallyimportanttohumanlife,andmakesurethatouryouthwillcontinuetohaveautonomy(自主权)regardingtheirwell-beingandhavemoreopportunitiesforsuccessthanpreviousgenerations.32．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofrobotstakingovertheworld?A．ItisabranchofANI. B．Itisrootedinsciencefact.C．Itisjustimpossibleatpresent. D．Itshouldcausepeoplegreatconcern.33．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinparagraph3?A．AIcanbeeasilyprogrammedandused.B．AIdevelopmentneedsmorecreativedesign.C．WeshouldbecautiousabouttheinfluenceofAI.D．WeshouldbeconfidentandtrustAIinmanyfields.34．WhatshouldpeoplebemostconcernedaboutregardingANI?A．TheefficiencyofAImachines. B．Thelossofjobsinthemarket.C．ThedirectionofAItechnologies. D．Theguaranteeofhumanwell-being.35．WhatwillDrShaison’sresearchfocusoninthefuture?A．NecessityofAItohumanlife.B．Youths’adaptationtofutureAI.C．Opportunitiesfortheyounggeneration.D．HumanityproblemscausedbyAItechnologies.【答案】32．C33．C34．B35．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI技术与青年未来发展的关系。32．推理判断题。由第二段“Theideaoftheworldbeingcontrolledbyself-thinkingrobotswhowanttodestroyhumanityisstillmuchinsciencefiction,morethansciencefact.SomeexpertsthinkthatAGIandASIarenowstilloutofourreach,sowedon’tneedtoworrytoomuchaboutthatspecificsituation.(这个世界被想毁灭人类的自我思考机器人控制的想法，在科幻小说中仍然存在，在科学事实中不存在。一些专家认为，AGI和ASI现在仍在我们的能力范围之外，所以我们不需要太担心这种具体情况)”可知，作者认为机器人控制世界的情形仅存在于科幻电影中，目前不需要过度担心，因此该情况目前仍不可能实现。故选C项。33．推理判断题。由第三段中的“However,thatisnottosaythatAIwon’teverseriouslythreatenourworldandsocietyifusedincorrectly.AIcouldeasilybeprogrammedtodosomethingdamaging.(然而，这并不是说人工智能如果使用不当，将永远不会严重威胁我们的世界和社会。人工智能很容易被编程来做一些破坏性的事情)”和最后一句“Butasweusethesenewsystems,wemuststayaheadintermsofregulatingnewtechnologieswherethereispotentialtodoharm.(但当我们使用这些新系统时，我们必须在监管可能造成危害的新技术方面保持领先)”可知，该段提到了AI的不正确使用可能会威胁人类世界，且该段最后一句提醒我们应该提前做好准备以防止其可能带来的危害，因此作者在该段想告诉读者：我们应该谨慎对待人工智能的影响。故选C项。34．细节理解题。由第四段中的“Fornow,thegreatestconcernwefacewithregardtoANItechnologies,isthesituationofefficientautomationcausingmanyhumanjobstobecomenolongerneeded.(就目前而言，我们在ANI技术方面面临的最大问题是，高效的自动化导致许多人类工作不再需要)”可知，ANI的发展使很多人类的工作退出了历史舞台，因此人们在ANI技术发展中最关心的是市场上工作岗位的流失。故选B项。35．推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Yet,thereisrelativelylittleresearchandinformationabouthowAIwillinfluenceyoungpeopleandtheirtransitionintoaworldwherelifeischanging.“Thisiswhatmyteamwillfocuson,”saidDr.Shaison.(然而，关于人工智能将如何影响年轻人以及他们向一个生活正在改变的世界过渡的研究和信息相对较少。“这是我的团队将重点关注的，”Shaison博士说)”可知，Shaison博士的团队接下来将聚焦青年如何在AI带来广泛影响的未来世界中完成过渡的课题，B项“青年如何适应未来的AI技术”符合题意。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.MajorSnow,the21stsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonDec7andendsonDec20.____36____.Herearefivethingsyoushouldknow.Snowywinter____37____,breakingtreebranchesandblockingtheroad.Inthesouth,snowflakesfallandtheworldturnswhite.Aproverbaboutthesnowsays,“Atimelysnowpromisesagoodharvest”.Asthesnowcoverstheground,thelowwintertemperaturekillspests.AppreciatingplumblossomsPlumblossomsusuallyflowerinmid-to-lateDecemberinsomesoutherncitiesofChina,andsometimesbloomevenearlier.TheplumblossomisadmiredinChinesecultureforitstoughnessduringseverewinters.EatinglambLambisafavoritefoodforChinesepeopleduringMajorSnow.____38____.PeopleinChongqingliketohavepottedlambsouporstewedlambsoupwiththeirfamiliesandfriends.EatingporridgeHotporridgecouldhelpwarmyouandnourish(滋养)yourbodyincoldweather.InChina,it’scustomarytoeatredbeanporridgeonthefirstdayofMajorSnow.____39____,suchaswheatporridge,sesameporridge,radishporridge,walnutporridgeandtuckahoeporridge.PreventinglungillnessDuringthisperiod,Chinesepeoplewatchforoutbreaksoflungillness,whichcanbepreventedbyproperlydrinkingwater.DuringMajorSnow,it’sdrierandcolder,sopeopleshoulddrinkmorewater.Butyoushouldnotdrinktoomuchwateratonce.____40____.A.Inaddition,thereareothervarietiesB.PeopleinsouthernChinamakesausagesC.ThesnowfallsatnightandmeltsinthedayD.Don’tdrinkcoldwaterafterexercise,eitherE.ThesnowinNorthChinamaylastawholedayF.It’sexcellentforprotectingthebodyagainstthecoldG.Duringthisperiod,thetemperaturedropssignificantly【答案】36.G37.E38.F39.A40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国传统节气“大雪”期间，人们应该注意的五件事情。【36题详解】由下文中标题“Snowywinter”以及“Inthesouth,snowflakesfallandtheworldturnswhite.”可知，在南方，雪花飘落，世界变白，大雪这个节气是多雪的，推知气温会下降，因此，G项“Duringthisperiod,thetemperaturedropssignificantly(在此期间，温度显著下降)”切题。故选G项。【37题详解】根据下文“…breakingtreebranchesandblockingtheroad.Inthesouth,snowflakesfallandtheworldturnswhite.(……折断树枝，堵塞道路。在南方，雪花飘落，世界变白)”可知，雪下得很大，会折断树枝，堵塞道路，世界都变白，推知雪下得时间会很长，可能一下就是一整天。因此，E项“ThesnowinNorthChinamaylastawholeda